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Gao J, Guo Z, Zhang Y, Liu Y, Xing F, Wang J, Luo X, Kong Y, Zhang G. Age-related changes in the ratio of Type I/III collagen and fibril diameter in mouse skin. Regen Biomater 2022; 10:rbac110. [PMID: 36683742 PMCID: PMC9847517 DOI: 10.1093/rb/rbac110] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/18/2022] [Revised: 12/04/2022] [Accepted: 12/16/2022] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
The content of type I collagen (COL-I) and type III collagen (COL-III) and the ratio between them not only affect the skin elasticity and mechanical strength, but also determine the fibril diameter. In this research, we investigated the age-related changes in COL-I/COL-III ratio with their formed fibril diameter. The experimental result was obtained from high performance liquid chromatography-mass spectrometer, hydroxyproline determination, picrosirius red staining and transmission electron microscopes (TEM), respectively. The result indicated that the COL-I/COL-III ratio in mouse skin increased with aging. From the 0th to 9th week, the COL-I/COLIII ratio increased from 1.3:1 to 4.5:1. From the 9th to the 18th week, it remained between 4.5:1 and 4.9:1. The total content of COL-I and COL-III firstly increased and then decreased with aging. The TEM result showed that the fibril diameter increased with aging. From the 0th to 9th week, the average fibril diameter increased from 40 to 112 nm; From the 9th to 18th weeks, it increased from 112 to 140 nm. After the 9th week. The fibril diameter showed obvious uneven distribution. Thus, the COL-I/COLIII ratio was proportional to the fibril diameter, but inversely proportional to the uniformity of fibril diameter.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jianping Gao
- National Key Laboratory of Biochemical Engineering, Institute of Process Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China,School of Chemical and Engineering, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Zhenhu Guo
- National Key Laboratory of Biochemical Engineering, Institute of Process Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China,School of Chemical and Engineering, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Yang Zhang
- National Key Laboratory of Biochemical Engineering, Institute of Process Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China
| | - Yuying Liu
- National Key Laboratory of Biochemical Engineering, Institute of Process Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China,School of Chemical and Engineering, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Fangyu Xing
- National Key Laboratory of Biochemical Engineering, Institute of Process Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China
| | - Junjie Wang
- National Key Laboratory of Biochemical Engineering, Institute of Process Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China
| | - Xi Luo
- National Key Laboratory of Biochemical Engineering, Institute of Process Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China,School of Chemical and Engineering, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Yingjun Kong
- National Key Laboratory of Biochemical Engineering, Institute of Process Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China,School of Chemical and Engineering, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Guifeng Zhang
- Correspondence address. Tel: +86 010 82613421, E-mail:
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Widbiller M, Rothmaier C, Saliter D, Wölflick M, Rosendahl A, Buchalla W, Schmalz G, Spruss T, Galler KM. Histology of human teeth: Standard and specific staining methods revisited. Arch Oral Biol 2021; 127:105136. [PMID: 34044318 DOI: 10.1016/j.archoralbio.2021.105136] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/30/2020] [Revised: 04/01/2021] [Accepted: 04/23/2021] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Histological techniques have long been an integral part of dental research. Especially the processing of complex tissues poses specific challenges, however, literature offers only few technical references. Objectives of this study were therefore to optimize histological staining methods and compile detailed protocols for preparation and staining of dental tissues. METHODS Human teeth were collected and fixed with 4 % formaldehyde solution after extraction. Subsequently, teeth were decalcified in 17 % EDTA or Morse's solution over a period of 28 days. The extent of decalcification was determined by weight loss and radiography. After sectioning, histological staining methods were optimized for their use on teeth. These included hematoxylin-eosin, Masson trichrome, Masson-Goldner trichrome and May-Gruenwald-Giemsa staining. Nerve fibres were visualized by luxol fast blue staining and Bodian silver staining. In addition, specific methods like TRAP, modified Brown and Brenn as well as picrosirius red staining with light polarization or fluorescence were applied and optimized. RESULTS Preparation of an artificial access to the pulp chamber was essential to ensure prompt penetration of the chemicals. Decalcification with Morse's solution took at least two weeks but was more efficient than 17 % ETDA, where thorough demineralization was achieved only after three weeks. The staining methods exhibited differences not only regarding their ability to display specific structures of interest, but also in terms of reproducibility. CONCLUSION High-quality histology of teeth can only be achieved after optimal tissue preparation and accurate staining. A complementary use of staining techniques is necessary to answer specific research questions.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Widbiller
- Department of Conservative Dentistry and Periodontology, University Hospital Regensburg, Regensburg, Germany.
| | - C Rothmaier
- Department of Conservative Dentistry and Periodontology, University Hospital Regensburg, Regensburg, Germany
| | - D Saliter
- Department of Conservative Dentistry and Periodontology, University Hospital Regensburg, Regensburg, Germany
| | - M Wölflick
- Department of Conservative Dentistry and Periodontology, University Hospital Regensburg, Regensburg, Germany
| | - A Rosendahl
- Department of Conservative Dentistry and Periodontology, University Hospital Regensburg, Regensburg, Germany
| | - W Buchalla
- Department of Conservative Dentistry and Periodontology, University Hospital Regensburg, Regensburg, Germany
| | - G Schmalz
- Department of Periodontology, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
| | - T Spruss
- Central Animal Facilities, University of Regensburg, Regensburg, Germany
| | - K M Galler
- Department of Conservative Dentistry and Periodontology, University Hospital Regensburg, Regensburg, Germany
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Yang J, Song W, Li C, Fang C, Zhang Y, Wang Q, Zhang M, Qian G. Comparative study of collagen distribution in the dermis of the embryonic carapace of soft- and hard-shelled cryptodiran turtles. J Morphol 2021; 282:543-552. [PMID: 33491791 DOI: 10.1002/jmor.21327] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/20/2020] [Revised: 01/18/2021] [Accepted: 01/21/2021] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
Turtles are characterized by their typical carapace, which is primarily composed of corneous beta proteins in the horny part and collagen in the dermal part. The formation of the extracellular matrix in the dermis of the carapace in a hard-shelled and a soft-shelled turtle has been compared. The study examines carapace development, with an emphasis on collagen accumulation, in the soft-shelled turtle Pelodiscus sinensis and hard-shelled turtle Trachemys scripta elegans, using comparative morphological and embryological analyses. The histological results showed that collagen deposition in the turtle carapace increased as the embryos developed. However, significant differences were observed between the two turtle species at the developmental stages examined. The microstructure of the dermis of the carapace of P. sinensis showed light and dark banding of collagen bundles, with a higher overall collagen content, whereas the carapacial matrix of T. scripta was characterized by loosely packed and thinner collagenous fiber bundles with a lower percentage of type I collagen. Overall, the formation and distribution of collagen fibrils at specific developmental stages are different between the soft-and hard-shelled turtles. These results indicate that the pliable epidermis of the soft-shelled turtle is supported by a strong dermis that is regularly distributed with collagen and that it allows improved maneuvering, whereas a strong but inflexible epidermis as observed in case of hard-shelled turtles limits movement.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jie Yang
- College of Biological and Environmental Sciences, Zhejiang Wanli University, Ningbo, China
| | - Wei Song
- College of Biological and Environmental Sciences, Zhejiang Wanli University, Ningbo, China
| | - Caiyan Li
- College of Biological and Environmental Sciences, Zhejiang Wanli University, Ningbo, China
| | - Chanlin Fang
- College of Biological and Environmental Sciences, Zhejiang Wanli University, Ningbo, China
| | - Yuting Zhang
- College of Biological and Environmental Sciences, Zhejiang Wanli University, Ningbo, China
| | - Qingqing Wang
- College of Biological and Environmental Sciences, Zhejiang Wanli University, Ningbo, China
| | | | - Guoying Qian
- College of Biological and Environmental Sciences, Zhejiang Wanli University, Ningbo, China
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Cintra LTA, Ferreira LL, Benetti F, Gastélum AA, Gomes-Filho JE, Ervolino E, Briso ALF. The effect of dental bleaching on pulpal tissue response in a diabetic animal model. Int Endod J 2016; 50:790-798. [PMID: 27614116 DOI: 10.1111/iej.12692] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/10/2015] [Accepted: 09/07/2016] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
AIM To evaluate pulpal tissue response after dental bleaching in normal and alloxan-induced diabetic rats. METHODOLOGY Twenty-eight rats were divided into two groups of normoglycaemic and diabetic rats (n = 14). Diabetes mellitus (DM) was induced with alloxan. After DM confirmation, all rats were anaesthetized and dental bleaching was performed with 35% hydrogen peroxide (H2 O2 ) on the right maxillary molars for 30 min. Left molars were used as controls. Bleaching resulted in four hemimaxillae groups: normoglycaemic (N), N-bleached (NBle), diabetic (D) and D-bleached (DBle). After 2 or 30 days, the animals were euthanized and the hemimaxillae were removed, processed for histopathological analysis and stained with haematoxylin-eosin (HE), Masson's trichrome (MT) and picrosirius red (PSR). Results obtained within animals (normoglycaemic or diabetic rats) were submitted to Wilcoxon or paired t-tests, and between animal (normoglycaemic and diabetic rats), to Mann-Whitney test or t-tests. RESULTS At 2 days, the NBle group had a mild inflammatory infiltration in the pulpal tissue, whilst the DBle had severe inflammation or necrosis (P < 0.05). At 30 days, no inflammation was present. However, a significant difference in pulp chamber area reduction by reactionary dentine deposition was found between the NBle and DBle groups (P < 0.05). At 2 days, fewer immature collagen fibres and more mature collagen fibres were noted in the NBle, D and DBle groups; this was significantly different when compared to the N group (P < 0.05). At 30 days, significantly fewer immature collagen fibres and more mature collagen fibres were noted in NBle compared with DBle group (P < 0.05). CONCLUSIONS The inflammatory tissue response in rats' teeth after dental bleaching was greater in diabetic rats. Additionally, the increase in reactionary dentine deposition and mature collagen fibres observed in diabetic rats needs further evaluation to confirm the present results.
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Affiliation(s)
- L T A Cintra
- Departments of Endodontics, Araçatuba Dental School, Unesp - Univ Estadual Paulista, Araçatuba, SP, Brazil
| | - L L Ferreira
- Departments of Endodontics, Araçatuba Dental School, Unesp - Univ Estadual Paulista, Araçatuba, SP, Brazil
| | - F Benetti
- Departments of Endodontics, Araçatuba Dental School, Unesp - Univ Estadual Paulista, Araçatuba, SP, Brazil
| | - A A Gastélum
- Centro de Ciencias de la Salud, Universidad de Guadalajara, Guadalajara, JAL, México
| | - J E Gomes-Filho
- Departments of Endodontics, Araçatuba Dental School, Unesp - Univ Estadual Paulista, Araçatuba, SP, Brazil
| | - E Ervolino
- Department of Basic Science, Araçatuba Dental School, Unesp - Univ Estadual Paulista, Araçatuba, SP, Brazil
| | - A L F Briso
- Department of Restorative Dentistry, Araçatuba Dental School, Unesp - Univ Estadual Paulista, Araçatuba, SP, Brazil
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