Development and validation of RP-HPLC and RP-UPLC methods for quantification of parathyroid hormones (1-34) in medicinal product formulated with meta-cresol

Hydroxyapatite Incorporated with Fe3O4@MCM-41 Core-Shell: A Promising Nanocomposite for Teriparatide Delivery in Bone Tissue Regeneration

This article presents a comprehensive study of the development of a novel nanocomposite comprising core-shell Fe3O4@MCM-41 with superparamagnetic properties and hydroxyapatite (HAp). The nanocomposite serves as a pH-responsive nanocarrier, offering an efficient injectable dosage for teriparatide (PTH (1-34)) delivery. The aim is to address the limitations associated with drug-induced side effects, precautionary measures, and frequent injections. The nanocomposites, as prepared, were characterized using techniques including X-ray diffraction, Fourier transform infrared, zeta potential, dynamic light scattering, VSM, scanning electron microscopy, and transmission electron microscopy. The nanocomposites' average crystallite diameter was determined to be 27 ± 5 nm. The hydrodynamic size of the PTH (1-34)-loaded nanocarrier ranged from 357 to 495 nm, with a surface charge of -33 mV. The entrapment and loading efficiencies were determined to be 73% and 31%, respectively. All of these findings collectively affirm successful fabrication. Additionally, in vivo medication delivery was investigated using the HPLC method, mirroring the in vitro tests. Utilizing the dialysis approach, we demonstrated sustained-release behavior. PTH (1-34) diffusion increased as the pH decreased from 7.4 to 5.6. After 24 h, drug release was higher at acidic pH (88%) compared to normal pH (43%). The biocompatibility of the PTH (1-34)-loaded nanocarrier was assessed using the MTT assay employing the NIH3T3 and HEK-293 cell lines. The results demonstrated that the nanocarrier not only exhibited nontoxicity but also promoted cell proliferation and differentiation. In the in vivo test, the drug concentration reached 505 μg within 30 min of exposure to the magnetic field. Based on these findings, the Fe3O4@MCM-41/HAp/PTH (1-34) nanocomposite, in combination with a magnetic field, offers an efficient and biocompatible approach to enhance the therapeutic effect of osteogenesis and overcome drug limitations.

Quantification of Anti-Osteoporotic Anabolic Peptide in Stealth Lipid Nanovesicles Through Validated RP-HPLC Method

BACKGROUND

Teriparatide is a recombinant fragment of human parathyroid hormone, a potent osteoanabolic agent used for osteoporosis.

OBJECTIVE

The present study endeavored to develop a simple, rapid, and reliable reverse phase-high performance liquid chromatography (RP-HPLC) method for the determination of teriparatide in pegylated lipid nanovesicles for rapid formulation development/optimization.

METHOD

A rapid RP-HPLC-based analytical method was developed for the quantification of teriparatide in pegylated lipid nanovesicles. The method was optimized on a Waters XBridge C18 (4.6 × 150 mm, 10 μm) column with a mobile phase consisting of 0.1% formic acid in water and acetonitrile both in a linear gradient program. In the method, a short run time of 9 min was achieved at a flow rate of 1.0 mL/min with an injection volume of 50 µL at a detection wavelength of 210 nm. The developed method was validated according to the ICH Q2 (R2) guideline. The method was applied for the quantification of teriparatide in prepared pegylated lipid nanovesicles. Teriparatide encapsulated pegylated lipid nanovesicles were prepared by the ethanol injection method. Further, these vesicles were characterized for % entrapment efficiency (%EE), particle size, zeta potential, and morphology by Cryo-SEM.

RESULTS

The teriparatide was eluting at 4.8 min in the run. Further, for the method validation, the linear relationship between concentration and response was established over the concentration range of 50-250 µg/mL with the R2 > 0.999. The method sensitivity was shown with LOD and LOQ with the value of 100 ng/mL and 500 ng/mL, respectively. The method was found to be accurate and precise with the recovery ranging in 100 ± 2% and RSD <2%, respectively. Minor deliberate changes proved the robustness of the developed method.

CONCLUSIONS

These results indicated that the developed and validated method is accurate, precise, rapid, reliable, and fit for the quantification of teriparatide in different formulations.

HIGHLIGHTS

The RP-HPLC method was developed and validated for the quantification of teriparatide from novel pegylated lipid nanovesicles.

Imprinted silica nanoparticles coated with N-propylsilylmorpholine-4-carboxamide for the determination of m-cresol in synthetic and real samples

m-Cresol-imprinted silica nanoparticles coated with N-propylsilylmorpholine-4-carboxamide have been developed that contain specific pockets for the selective uptake of m-cresol. Silica nanoparticles were synthesized by a sol-gel process followed by functionalization of their surface with N-propylsilylmorpholine-4-carboxamide. The formation of m-cresol-imprinted silica nanoparticles was confirmed by UV-Vis spectrophotometry, infrared spectroscopy, thermogravimetric analysis, scanning electron microscopy and transmission electron microscopy. Electron microscopic studies revealed the formation of monodispersed imprinted silica nanoparticles with spherical shape and an average size of 83 nm. The developed nanoparticles were filled in a syringe and used for the extraction of m-cresol from aqueous samples followed by quantification using high-performance liquid chromatography with diode array detection. Various adsorption experiments showed that developed m-cresol-imprinted silica nanoparticles exhibited a high adsorption capacity and selectivity and offered a fast kinetics for rebinding m-cresol. The chromatographic quantification was achieved using mobile phase consisting of acetonitrile/water (70:30 v/v) at an isocratic flow rate of 1.0 mL/min using a reversed-phase C18 column and detection at λmax = 275 nm. The limits of detection and quantification were 1.86 and 22.32 ng/mL, respectively, for the developed method. The percent recoveries ranged from 96.66-103.33% in the spiked samples. This combination of this nanotechnique with molecular imprinting was proved as a reliable, sensitive and selective method for determining the target from synthetic and real samples.