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Luo H, Guo M, Li M, Zhao Y, Shen J, Du F, Chen Y, Deng S, Sun Y, Gu L, Li W, Li X, Chen M, Xiao Z, Wang S, Wu X. Protective Effect of Rosavin Against Intestinal Epithelial Injury in Colitis Mice and Intestinal Organoids. J Inflamm Res 2024; 17:6023-6038. [PMID: 39247835 PMCID: PMC11380858 DOI: 10.2147/jir.s474368] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/18/2024] [Accepted: 08/22/2024] [Indexed: 09/10/2024] Open
Abstract
Introduction Rhodiola species have been utilized as functional foods in Asia and Europe for promoting health. Research has demonstrated that Rhodiola has the potential to alleviate inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) in animal models. However, the specific active components and the underlying mechanism for ameliorating intestinal damage remain unclear. This study aims to explore the relieving effect of Rosavin (Rov), a known active constituent of Rhodiola, in IBD and the regulatory mechanisms. Methods The therapeutic effect of Rov was evaluated using a murine model of acute colitis induced by dextran sulfate sodium salt (DSS). Inflammatory cytokines and neutrophil activation markers were measured by corresponding kits. Immunohistochemistry, immunofluorescence, TUNEL, and EdU assays were applied to investigate the tight conjunction proteins expression, epithelial marker expression, number of apoptotic cells, and epithelial proliferation, respectively. The protection effect of Rov on gut epithelial injury was assessed using TNF-α-induced intestinal organoids. Additinally, RNA sequencing was applied to observe the genetic alteration profile in these intestinal organoids. Results Oral administration of Rov significantly attenuated weight loss and restored colon length in mice. Notably, Rov treatment led to decreased levels of pro-inflammatory cytokines and neutrophil activation markers while increasing anti-inflammatory factors. Importantly, Rov restored intestinal despair by increasing the number of Lgr5+ stem cells, Lyz1+ Paneth cells and Muc2+ goblet cells in intestines of colitis mice, displaying reduced epithelial apoptosis and recovered barrier function. In TNF-α-induced intestinal organoids, Rov facilitated epithelial cell differentiation and protected against TNF-α-induced damage. RNA sequencing revealed upregulation in the gene expression associated with epithelial cells (including Lgr5+, Lyz1+ and Muc2+ cells) proliferation and defensin secretion, unveiling the protective mechanisms of Rov on the intestinal epithelial barrier. Discussion Rov holds potential as a natural prophylactic agent against IBD, with its protective action on the intestinal epithelium being crucial for its therapeutic efficacy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haoming Luo
- Cell Therapy & Cell Drugs of Luzhou Key Laboratory, Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, Sichuan, 646100, People's Republic of China
- Department of Pharmacy, Three Gorges University Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine & Yichang Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Yichang, Hubei, 443003, People's Republic of China
| | - Miao Guo
- State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine, Institute of Chinese Medical Sciences, University of Macau, Macau, People's Republic of China
- Macao Centre for Research and Development in Chinese Medicine, Institute of Chinese Medical Sciences, University of Macau, Macau, People's Republic of China
| | - Mingxing Li
- Cell Therapy & Cell Drugs of Luzhou Key Laboratory, Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, Sichuan, 646100, People's Republic of China
| | - Yueshui Zhao
- Cell Therapy & Cell Drugs of Luzhou Key Laboratory, Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, Sichuan, 646100, People's Republic of China
| | - Jing Shen
- Cell Therapy & Cell Drugs of Luzhou Key Laboratory, Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, Sichuan, 646100, People's Republic of China
| | - Fukuan Du
- Cell Therapy & Cell Drugs of Luzhou Key Laboratory, Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, Sichuan, 646100, People's Republic of China
| | - Yu Chen
- Cell Therapy & Cell Drugs of Luzhou Key Laboratory, Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, Sichuan, 646100, People's Republic of China
| | - Shuai Deng
- Cell Therapy & Cell Drugs of Luzhou Key Laboratory, Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, Sichuan, 646100, People's Republic of China
| | - Yuhong Sun
- Cell Therapy & Cell Drugs of Luzhou Key Laboratory, Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, Sichuan, 646100, People's Republic of China
| | - Li Gu
- Cell Therapy & Cell Drugs of Luzhou Key Laboratory, Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, Sichuan, 646100, People's Republic of China
| | - Wanping Li
- Cell Therapy & Cell Drugs of Luzhou Key Laboratory, Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, Sichuan, 646100, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiaobing Li
- Cell Therapy & Cell Drugs of Luzhou Key Laboratory, Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, Sichuan, 646100, People's Republic of China
| | - Meijuan Chen
- Cell Therapy & Cell Drugs of Luzhou Key Laboratory, Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, Sichuan, 646100, People's Republic of China
| | - Zhangang Xiao
- Cell Therapy & Cell Drugs of Luzhou Key Laboratory, Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, Sichuan, 646100, People's Republic of China
- Department of Pharmacy, Gulin County Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Luzhou, Sichuan, 646500, People's Republic of China
- School of Pharmacy, Sichuan College of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Mianyang, Sichuan, 621000, People's Republic of China
| | - Shengpeng Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine, Institute of Chinese Medical Sciences, University of Macau, Macau, People's Republic of China
- Macao Centre for Research and Development in Chinese Medicine, Institute of Chinese Medical Sciences, University of Macau, Macau, People's Republic of China
| | - Xu Wu
- Cell Therapy & Cell Drugs of Luzhou Key Laboratory, Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, Sichuan, 646100, People's Republic of China
- Department of Paediatric Care, Luzhou People's Hospital, Luzhou, Sichuan, 646000, People's Republic of China
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Nierath WF, Leitner E, Reimann S, Schwarz R, Hinz B, Bleich A, Vollmar B, Zechner D. GSK805 inhibits alpha-smooth muscle expression and modulates liver inflammation without impairing the well-being of mice. FASEB J 2024; 38:e23889. [PMID: 39157975 DOI: 10.1096/fj.202400733r] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/16/2024] [Revised: 06/21/2024] [Accepted: 08/05/2024] [Indexed: 08/20/2024]
Abstract
Cholestatic liver diseases, such as primary biliary cholangitis (PBC) and primary sclerosing cholangitis (PSC), lead to inflammation and severe hepatic damage with limited therapeutic options. This study assessed the efficacy of the inverse RORγt agonist, GSK805, both in vitro using the hepatic stellate cell-line LX-2 and in vivo using male bile duct-ligated BALB/c mice. In vitro, 0.3 μM GSK805 reduced alpha-smooth muscle actin expression in LX-2 cells. In vivo, GSK805 significantly decreased IL-23R, TNF-α, and IFN-γ expression in cholestatic liver. Despite high concentrations of GSK805 in the liver, no significant reduction in fibrosis was noticed. GSK805 significantly increased aspartate aminotransferase and alanine aminotransferase activity in the blood, while levels of glutamate dehydrogenase, alkaline phosphatase, and bilirubin were not substantially increased. Importantly, GSK805 did neither increase an animal distress score nor substantially reduce body weight, burrowing activity, or nesting behavior. These results suggest that a high liver concentration of GSK805 is achieved by daily oral administration and that this drug modulates inflammation in cholestatic mice without impairing animal well-being.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wiebke-Felicitas Nierath
- Rudolf-Zenker-Institute of Experimental Surgery, Rostock University Medical Center, Rostock, Germany
| | - Emily Leitner
- Rudolf-Zenker-Institute of Experimental Surgery, Rostock University Medical Center, Rostock, Germany
| | - Sabrina Reimann
- Rudolf-Zenker-Institute of Experimental Surgery, Rostock University Medical Center, Rostock, Germany
| | - Rico Schwarz
- Institute of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Rostock University Medical Center, Rostock, Germany
| | - Burkhard Hinz
- Institute of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Rostock University Medical Center, Rostock, Germany
| | - André Bleich
- Institute for Laboratory Animal Science, Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany
| | - Brigitte Vollmar
- Rudolf-Zenker-Institute of Experimental Surgery, Rostock University Medical Center, Rostock, Germany
| | - Dietmar Zechner
- Rudolf-Zenker-Institute of Experimental Surgery, Rostock University Medical Center, Rostock, Germany
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Wang M, Xu X, Sheng M, Zhang M, Wu F, Zhao Z, Guo M, Fang B, Wu J. Tannic acid protects against colitis by regulating the IL17 - NFκB and microbiota - methylation pathways. Int J Biol Macromol 2024; 274:133334. [PMID: 38908626 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2024.133334] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/11/2024] [Revised: 05/30/2024] [Accepted: 06/19/2024] [Indexed: 06/24/2024]
Abstract
Tannic acid, a bioactive polyphenol found in various phytogenic foods and medicinal plants, has potential prevention effects on colitis, though more evidence and mechanistic studies are required to substantiate this. In this study, we investigated the effects of different doses from 0 to 3 mg/mL of tannic acid on mice, ultimately selecting a dose of 3 mg/mL for the anti-colitis trial based on growth and intestinal morphology assessments. Using the DSS-induced colitis model, we found that tannic acid may alleviate colitis by inhibiting the IL-17 - NF-κB p65 signaling pathway and modulating epigenetic pathways, particularly methylation modifications. Additionally, tannic acid altered the gut microbiota, increasing the abundances of Prevotella, Eubacterium_siraeum_group, and Enterorhabdus in the colon. Supplementation with Eubacterium siraeum via gavage also inhibited colitis, accompanied by increased folate and methylation regulators in the colon. These findings suggest that tannic acid may inhibit colitis through the suppression of the IL-17 - NF-κB pathway and the enhancement of microbiota-mediated methylation pathways.
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Affiliation(s)
- Minghui Wang
- Department of Animal Science & Technology, Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Biotechnology and Disease Control and Prevention, Shandong Agricultural University, Shandong 271018, China
| | - Xiaoxuan Xu
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Shandong 250012, China
| | - Mingxuan Sheng
- School of Life Sciences, Henan University, Kaifeng 475004, China
| | - Ming Zhang
- School of Food and Health, Beijing Technology and Business University, Beijing 100024, China
| | - Fang Wu
- Key Laboratory of Precision Nutrition and Food Quality, Department of Nutrition and Health, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China
| | - Zhi Zhao
- Key Laboratory of Precision Nutrition and Food Quality, Department of Nutrition and Health, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China
| | - Meng Guo
- Key Laboratory of Precision Nutrition and Food Quality, Department of Nutrition and Health, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China
| | - Bing Fang
- Key Laboratory of Precision Nutrition and Food Quality, Department of Nutrition and Health, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China.
| | - Jianmin Wu
- Key Laboratory of Precision Nutrition and Food Quality, Department of Nutrition and Health, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China.
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Wei S, Li M, Zhao L, Wang T, Wu K, Yang J, Tang M, Zhao Y, Shen J, Du F, Chen Y, Deng S, Xiao Z, Wei M, Li Z, Wu X. Fingerprint profiling for quality evaluation and the related biological activity analysis of polysaccharides from Liuweizhiji Gegen-Sangshen beverage. Front Nutr 2024; 11:1431518. [PMID: 39040925 PMCID: PMC11260736 DOI: 10.3389/fnut.2024.1431518] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/12/2024] [Accepted: 06/26/2024] [Indexed: 07/24/2024] Open
Abstract
Introduction Liuweizhiji Gegen-Sangshen beverage (LGS) is popular in China, which has been used for alleviating alcohol-mediated discomfort and preventing alcoholic liver disease (ALD). This beverage is consisted of six herbal components that are known as functional foods and fruits. LGS is rich in polysaccharides, however, the activity and quality evaluation of LGS-derived polysaccharides remain unexplored. The purpose of this study is thus to establish a comprehensive quality control methodology for the assessment of LGS polysaccharides (LGSP) and to further explore the anti-oxidant, anti-inflammatory as well as prebiotic effect of LGSP. Methods LGSP was extracted, followed by analysis of molecular weight distribution, monosaccharide content and structural characterization via integrating the application of high-performance size exclusion chromatography (HPSEC), 1-phenyl-3-methyl-5-pyrazolone-HPLC (PMP-HPLC), fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR) as well as nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy (NMR) techniques. The anti-oxidation activity of LGSP was determined by DPPH, ABTS, hydroxyl radical scavenging capacity and total antioxidant capacity. The anti-inflammation of LGSP were assessed on the RAW 264.7 cells. The effect of LGSP on growth of Lactobacillus, Bifidobacterium bifidum and Bifidobacterium adolescentis was evaluated. Results The results demonstrated that LGSP had two molecular weight distribution peaks, with the average molecular weights of (6.569 ± 0.12) × 104 Da and (4.641 ± 0.30) × 104 Da. LGSP was composed of 8 monosaccharides, with galacturonic acid, glucose rhamnose and galactose representing the highest molar ratios. Homogalacturonic acid (HG) type and rhamnosegalacturonic acid glycans I (RG-I) type and α-1,4-glucan were present in LGSP. LGSP concentration in LGS was 17.94 ± 0.28 mg/mL. Furthermore, fingerprint analysis combined with composition quantification of 10 batches of LGSP demonstrated that there was a high similarity among batches. Notably, LGSP exhibited anti-oxidant effect and inhibited expressions of pro-inflammatory factors (TNF-α and IL-6) in LPS-stimulated RAW 264.7 cells. In addition, LGSP remarkably promoted the proliferation of probiotics Lactobacillus, Bifidobacterium bifidum and Bifidobacterium adolescentis, showing good prebiotic activity. Discussion The results of present study would be of help to gain the understanding of structure-activity relationship of LGSP, provide a reference for quality evaluation of bioactive LGSP, and facilitate development of unique health and functional products in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shulin Wei
- Cell Therapy & Cell Drugs of Luzhou Key Laboratory, Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, China
- South Sichuan Institute of Translational Medicine, Luzhou, China
| | - Mingxing Li
- Cell Therapy & Cell Drugs of Luzhou Key Laboratory, Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, China
- South Sichuan Institute of Translational Medicine, Luzhou, China
| | - Long Zhao
- Department of Spleen and Stomach Diseases, The Affiliated Traditional Chinese Medicine Hospital, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, China
| | - Tiangang Wang
- Department of Spleen and Stomach Diseases, The Affiliated Traditional Chinese Medicine Hospital, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, China
| | - Ke Wu
- Cell Therapy & Cell Drugs of Luzhou Key Laboratory, Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, China
- South Sichuan Institute of Translational Medicine, Luzhou, China
| | - Jiayue Yang
- Cell Therapy & Cell Drugs of Luzhou Key Laboratory, Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, China
- South Sichuan Institute of Translational Medicine, Luzhou, China
| | - Mingyun Tang
- Department of Spleen and Stomach Diseases, The Affiliated Traditional Chinese Medicine Hospital, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, China
| | - Yueshui Zhao
- Cell Therapy & Cell Drugs of Luzhou Key Laboratory, Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, China
- South Sichuan Institute of Translational Medicine, Luzhou, China
| | - Jing Shen
- Cell Therapy & Cell Drugs of Luzhou Key Laboratory, Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, China
- South Sichuan Institute of Translational Medicine, Luzhou, China
| | - Fukuan Du
- Cell Therapy & Cell Drugs of Luzhou Key Laboratory, Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, China
- South Sichuan Institute of Translational Medicine, Luzhou, China
| | - Yu Chen
- Cell Therapy & Cell Drugs of Luzhou Key Laboratory, Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, China
- South Sichuan Institute of Translational Medicine, Luzhou, China
| | - Shuai Deng
- Cell Therapy & Cell Drugs of Luzhou Key Laboratory, Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, China
- South Sichuan Institute of Translational Medicine, Luzhou, China
| | - Zhangang Xiao
- Cell Therapy & Cell Drugs of Luzhou Key Laboratory, Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, China
- South Sichuan Institute of Translational Medicine, Luzhou, China
| | - Mei Wei
- Department of Spleen and Stomach Diseases, The Affiliated Traditional Chinese Medicine Hospital, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, China
| | - Zhi Li
- Department of Spleen and Stomach Diseases, The Affiliated Traditional Chinese Medicine Hospital, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, China
- The Key Laboratory of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine for Prevention and Treatment of Digestive System Diseases of Luzhou City, The Affiliated Traditional Chinese Medicine Hospital, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, China
| | - Xu Wu
- Cell Therapy & Cell Drugs of Luzhou Key Laboratory, Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, China
- South Sichuan Institute of Translational Medicine, Luzhou, China
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Portarapillo A, Potestio L, Tommasino N, Lauletta G, Feo F, Salsano A, Martora F, Caso F, Megna M. Novel pharmacotherapies and breakthroughs in psoriasis treatment: 2024 and beyond. Expert Opin Pharmacother 2024; 25:1187-1198. [PMID: 38916590 DOI: 10.1080/14656566.2024.2373354] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/09/2024] [Accepted: 06/24/2024] [Indexed: 06/26/2024]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION The use of the current available therapies for psoriasis management may sometimes be limited by reduced patients' compliance, safety issues for patients' comorbidities, primary lack of efficacy, loss of effectiveness, development of side effects. In this context, several clinical trials investigating the use of both topical and systemic therapies are ongoing, and other new drugs will be approved soon. AREAS COVERED The aim of this manuscript is to review current literature and to provide an overview of the current and future trends in psoriasis treatment. A comprehensive review of the English-language medical literature was performed using Pubmed and clinicaltrials.gov databases. EXPERT OPINION Although several therapies are currently available for psoriasis' treatment, unmet needs still exist for patients with moderate and severe psoriasis and hence expanding the therapeutic armamentarium is desirable for a more personalized approach. The ongoing development of innovative therapies could provide effective and safe therapies in the future enhancing the therapeutic management of moderate-severe unresponsive psoriasis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Antonio Portarapillo
- Section of Dermatology - Department of Clinical Medicine and Surgery, University of Naples Federico II, Naples, Italy
| | - Luca Potestio
- Section of Dermatology - Department of Clinical Medicine and Surgery, University of Naples Federico II, Naples, Italy
| | - Nello Tommasino
- Section of Dermatology - Department of Clinical Medicine and Surgery, University of Naples Federico II, Naples, Italy
| | - Giuseppe Lauletta
- Section of Dermatology - Department of Clinical Medicine and Surgery, University of Naples Federico II, Naples, Italy
| | - Federica Feo
- Section of Dermatology - Department of Clinical Medicine and Surgery, University of Naples Federico II, Naples, Italy
| | - Antonia Salsano
- Section of Dermatology - Department of Clinical Medicine and Surgery, University of Naples Federico II, Naples, Italy
| | - Fabrizio Martora
- Section of Dermatology - Department of Clinical Medicine and Surgery, University of Naples Federico II, Naples, Italy
| | - Francesco Caso
- Rheumatology Research Unit, Department of Clinical Medicine and Surgery, University of Naples Federico II, Naples, Italy
| | - Matteo Megna
- Section of Dermatology - Department of Clinical Medicine and Surgery, University of Naples Federico II, Naples, Italy
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Wei S, Li M, Wang Q, Zhao Y, Du F, Chen Y, Deng S, Shen J, Wu K, Yang J, Sun Y, Gu L, Li X, Li W, Chen M, Ling X, Yu L, Xiao Z, Dong L, Wu X. Mesenchymal Stromal Cells: New Generation Treatment of Inflammatory Bowel Disease. J Inflamm Res 2024; 17:3307-3334. [PMID: 38800593 PMCID: PMC11128225 DOI: 10.2147/jir.s458103] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/04/2024] [Accepted: 05/09/2024] [Indexed: 05/29/2024] Open
Abstract
Inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) is a chronic inflammatory disease of the gastrointestinal tract, which has a high recurrence rate and is incurable due to a lack of effective treatment. Mesenchymal stromal cells (MSCs) are a class of pluripotent stem cells that have recently received a lot of attention due to their strong self-renewal ability and immunomodulatory effects, and a large number of experimental and clinical models have confirmed the positive therapeutic effect of MSCs on IBD. In preclinical studies, MSC treatment for IBD relies on MSCs paracrine effects, cell-to-cell contact, and its mediated mitochondrial transfer for immune regulation. It also plays a therapeutic role in restoring the intestinal mucosal barrier through the homing effect, regulation of the intestinal microbiome, and repair of intestinal epithelial cells. In the latest clinical trials, the safety and efficacy of MSCs in the treatment of IBD have been confirmed by transfusion of autologous or allogeneic bone marrow, umbilical cord, and adipose MSCs, as well as their derived extracellular vesicles. However, regarding the stable and effective clinical use of MSCs, several concerns emerge, including the cell sources, clinical management (dose, route and frequency of administration, and pretreatment of MSCs) and adverse reactions. This article comprehensively summarizes the effects and mechanisms of MSCs in the treatment of IBD and its advantages over conventional drugs, as well as the latest clinical trial progress of MSCs in the treatment of IBD. The current challenges and future directions are also discussed. This review would add knowledge into the understanding of IBD treatment by applying MSCs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shulin Wei
- Cell Therapy & Cell Drugs of Luzhou Key Laboratory, Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, Sichuan, 646100, People’s Republic of China
- South Sichuan Institute of Translational Medicine, Luzhou, Sichuan, 646100, People’s Republic of China
| | - Mingxing Li
- Cell Therapy & Cell Drugs of Luzhou Key Laboratory, Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, Sichuan, 646100, People’s Republic of China
- South Sichuan Institute of Translational Medicine, Luzhou, Sichuan, 646100, People’s Republic of China
| | - Qin Wang
- Cell Therapy & Cell Drugs of Luzhou Key Laboratory, Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, Sichuan, 646100, People’s Republic of China
- South Sichuan Institute of Translational Medicine, Luzhou, Sichuan, 646100, People’s Republic of China
| | - Yueshui Zhao
- Cell Therapy & Cell Drugs of Luzhou Key Laboratory, Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, Sichuan, 646100, People’s Republic of China
- South Sichuan Institute of Translational Medicine, Luzhou, Sichuan, 646100, People’s Republic of China
| | - Fukuan Du
- Cell Therapy & Cell Drugs of Luzhou Key Laboratory, Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, Sichuan, 646100, People’s Republic of China
- South Sichuan Institute of Translational Medicine, Luzhou, Sichuan, 646100, People’s Republic of China
| | - Yu Chen
- Cell Therapy & Cell Drugs of Luzhou Key Laboratory, Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, Sichuan, 646100, People’s Republic of China
- South Sichuan Institute of Translational Medicine, Luzhou, Sichuan, 646100, People’s Republic of China
| | - Shuai Deng
- Cell Therapy & Cell Drugs of Luzhou Key Laboratory, Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, Sichuan, 646100, People’s Republic of China
- South Sichuan Institute of Translational Medicine, Luzhou, Sichuan, 646100, People’s Republic of China
| | - Jing Shen
- Cell Therapy & Cell Drugs of Luzhou Key Laboratory, Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, Sichuan, 646100, People’s Republic of China
- South Sichuan Institute of Translational Medicine, Luzhou, Sichuan, 646100, People’s Republic of China
| | - Ke Wu
- Cell Therapy & Cell Drugs of Luzhou Key Laboratory, Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, Sichuan, 646100, People’s Republic of China
- South Sichuan Institute of Translational Medicine, Luzhou, Sichuan, 646100, People’s Republic of China
| | - Jiayue Yang
- Cell Therapy & Cell Drugs of Luzhou Key Laboratory, Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, Sichuan, 646100, People’s Republic of China
- South Sichuan Institute of Translational Medicine, Luzhou, Sichuan, 646100, People’s Republic of China
| | - Yuhong Sun
- Cell Therapy & Cell Drugs of Luzhou Key Laboratory, Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, Sichuan, 646100, People’s Republic of China
| | - Li Gu
- Cell Therapy & Cell Drugs of Luzhou Key Laboratory, Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, Sichuan, 646100, People’s Republic of China
| | - Xiaobing Li
- Cell Therapy & Cell Drugs of Luzhou Key Laboratory, Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, Sichuan, 646100, People’s Republic of China
| | - Wanping Li
- Cell Therapy & Cell Drugs of Luzhou Key Laboratory, Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, Sichuan, 646100, People’s Republic of China
| | - Meijuan Chen
- Cell Therapy & Cell Drugs of Luzhou Key Laboratory, Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, Sichuan, 646100, People’s Republic of China
| | - Xiao Ling
- Department of Obstetrics, Luzhou Maternal & Child Health Hospital (Luzhou Second People’s Hospital), Luzhou, Sichuan, 646100, People’s Republic of China
| | - Lei Yu
- Department of Obstetrics, Luzhou Maternal & Child Health Hospital (Luzhou Second People’s Hospital), Luzhou, Sichuan, 646100, People’s Republic of China
| | - Zhangang Xiao
- Cell Therapy & Cell Drugs of Luzhou Key Laboratory, Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, Sichuan, 646100, People’s Republic of China
- South Sichuan Institute of Translational Medicine, Luzhou, Sichuan, 646100, People’s Republic of China
| | - Lishu Dong
- Department of Obstetrics, Luzhou Maternal & Child Health Hospital (Luzhou Second People’s Hospital), Luzhou, Sichuan, 646100, People’s Republic of China
| | - Xu Wu
- Cell Therapy & Cell Drugs of Luzhou Key Laboratory, Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, Sichuan, 646100, People’s Republic of China
- South Sichuan Institute of Translational Medicine, Luzhou, Sichuan, 646100, People’s Republic of China
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Zhang Y, Liu W, Lai J, Zeng H. Genetic associations in ankylosing spondylitis: circulating proteins as drug targets and biomarkers. Front Immunol 2024; 15:1394438. [PMID: 38835753 PMCID: PMC11148386 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2024.1394438] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/01/2024] [Accepted: 04/29/2024] [Indexed: 06/06/2024] Open
Abstract
Background Ankylosing spondylitis (AS) is a complex condition with a significant genetic component. This study explored circulating proteins as potential genetic drug targets or biomarkers to prevent AS, addressing the need for innovative and safe treatments. Methods We analyzed extensive data from protein quantitative trait loci (pQTLs) with up to 1,949 instrumental variables (IVs) and selected the top single-nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) associated with AS risk. Utilizing a two-sample Mendelian randomization (MR) approach, we assessed the causal relationships between identified proteins and AS risk. Colocalization analysis, functional enrichment, and construction of protein-protein interaction networks further supported these findings. We utilized phenome-wide MR (phenMR) analysis for broader validation and repurposing of drugs targeting these proteins. The Drug-Gene Interaction database (DGIdb) was employed to corroborate drug associations with potential therapeutic targets. Additionally, molecular docking (MD) techniques were applied to evaluate the interaction between target protein and four potential AS drugs identified from the DGIdb. Results Our analysis identified 1,654 plasma proteins linked to AS, with 868 up-regulated and 786 down-regulated. 18 proteins (AGER, AIF1, ATF6B, C4A, CFB, CLIC1, COL11A2, ERAP1, HLA-DQA2, HSPA1L, IL23R, LILRB3, MAPK14, MICA, MICB, MPIG6B, TNXB, and VARS1) that show promise as therapeutic targets for AS or biomarkers, especially MAPK14, supported by evidence of colocalization. PhenMR analysis linked these proteins to AS and other diseases, while DGIdb analysis identified potential drugs related to MAPK14. MD analysis indicated strong binding affinities between MAPK14 and four potential AS drugs, suggesting effective target-drug interactions. Conclusion This study underscores the utility of MR analysis in AS research for identifying biomarkers and therapeutic drug targets. The involvement of Th17 cell differentiation-related proteins in AS pathogenesis is particularly notable. Clinical validation and further investigation are essential for future applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ye Zhang
- Traditional Chinese Medicine Department of Immunology, Women & Children Health Institute Futian Shenzhen, Shenzhen, China
| | - Wei Liu
- First Teaching Hospital of Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, National Clinical Research Center for Chinese Medicine Acupuncture and Moxibustion, Tianjin, China
| | - Junda Lai
- Department of Human Life Sciences, Beijing Sport University, Beijing, China
| | - Huiqiong Zeng
- Traditional Chinese Medicine Department of Immunology, Women & Children Health Institute Futian Shenzhen, Shenzhen, China
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8
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Huang X, Lin R, Liu H, Dai M, Guo J, Hui W, Liu W, Haerken M, Zheng R, Yushanjiang T, Gao F. Resatorvid (TAK-242) Ameliorates Ulcerative Colitis by Modulating Macrophage Polarization and T Helper Cell Balance via TLR4/JAK2/STAT3 Signaling Pathway. Inflammation 2024:10.1007/s10753-024-02028-z. [PMID: 38760646 DOI: 10.1007/s10753-024-02028-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/05/2024] [Revised: 04/12/2024] [Accepted: 04/15/2024] [Indexed: 05/19/2024]
Abstract
Resatorvid (TAK-242), a specific inhibitor of Toll-like receptor-4 (TLR4), has attracted attention for its anti-inflammatory properties. Despite this, few studies have evaluated its effects on ulcerative colitis (UC). This study aimed to investigate the effects of TAK-242 on macrophage polarization and T helper cell balance and the mechanism by which it alleviates UC. Our findings indicated that TLR4 expression was elevated in patients with UC, a mouse model of UC, and HT29 cells undergoing an inflammatory response. TAK‑242 treatment reduced apoptosis in TNF-α and LPS-stimulated HT29 cells and alleviated symptoms of dextran sulfate sodium (DSS)‑induced colitis in vivo. TAK‑242 downregulated TLR4 expression and decreased the secretion of pro-inflammatory cytokines TNF-α, IL-6, and IL-1β while enhancing IL-10 production. TAK-242 also reduced M1 macrophage polarization and diminished Th1 and Th17 cell infiltration while increasing Th2 cell infiltration and M2 macrophage polarization both in vitro and in vivo. Mechanistically, TAK-242 inhibited the JAK2/STAT3 signaling pathway, an important regulator of macrophage polarization and T helper cell balance. Furthermore, the in vivo and in vitro effects of TAK-242 were partially negated by the administration of the JAK2/STAT3 antagonist AG490, suggesting that TAK-242 inhibits the JAK2/STAT3 pathway to exert its biological activities. Taken together, this study underscores TAK-242 as a promising anti-UC agent, functioning by modulating macrophage polarization and T helper cell balance via the TLR4/JAK2/STAT3 signaling pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoling Huang
- Department of Gastroenterology, People's Hospital of Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region, Urumqi, 830001, Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region, China
- Department of Gastroenterology, Xinjiang Clinical Research Center for Digestive Diseases, 830001, Urumqi, Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region, China
| | - Rong Lin
- Department of Gastroenterology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430022, Hubei, China
| | - Huan Liu
- Department of Gastroenterology, People's Hospital of Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region, Urumqi, 830001, Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region, China
- Department of Gastroenterology, Xinjiang Clinical Research Center for Digestive Diseases, 830001, Urumqi, Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region, China
| | - Mengying Dai
- Department of Gastroenterology, People's Hospital of Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region, Urumqi, 830001, Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region, China
- Department of Gastroenterology, Xinjiang Clinical Research Center for Digestive Diseases, 830001, Urumqi, Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region, China
| | - Jiejie Guo
- Department of Gastroenterology, People's Hospital of Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region, Urumqi, 830001, Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region, China
- Department of Gastroenterology, Xinjiang Clinical Research Center for Digestive Diseases, 830001, Urumqi, Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region, China
| | - Wenjia Hui
- Department of Gastroenterology, People's Hospital of Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region, Urumqi, 830001, Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region, China
- Department of Gastroenterology, Xinjiang Clinical Research Center for Digestive Diseases, 830001, Urumqi, Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region, China
| | - Weidong Liu
- Department of Gastroenterology, People's Hospital of Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region, Urumqi, 830001, Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region, China
- Department of Gastroenterology, Xinjiang Clinical Research Center for Digestive Diseases, 830001, Urumqi, Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region, China
| | - Milamuguli Haerken
- Department of Gastroenterology, People's Hospital of Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region, Urumqi, 830001, Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region, China
- Department of Gastroenterology, Xinjiang Clinical Research Center for Digestive Diseases, 830001, Urumqi, Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region, China
| | - Ruixue Zheng
- Department of Gastroenterology, People's Hospital of Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region, Urumqi, 830001, Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region, China
- Department of Gastroenterology, Xinjiang Clinical Research Center for Digestive Diseases, 830001, Urumqi, Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region, China
| | - Tangnuer Yushanjiang
- Department of Gastroenterology, People's Hospital of Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region, Urumqi, 830001, Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region, China
- Department of Gastroenterology, Xinjiang Clinical Research Center for Digestive Diseases, 830001, Urumqi, Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region, China
| | - Feng Gao
- Department of Gastroenterology, People's Hospital of Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region, Urumqi, 830001, Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region, China.
- Department of Gastroenterology, Xinjiang Clinical Research Center for Digestive Diseases, 830001, Urumqi, Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region, China.
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9
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Hammitzsch A, Ossadnik A, Bachmann Q, Merwald-Fraenk H, Lorenz G, Witt M, Wiesent F, Mühlhofer H, Simone D, Bowness P, Heemann U, Arbogast M, Moog P, Schmaderer C. Increased interleukin-26 in the peripheral joints of patients with axial spondyloarthritis and psoriatic arthritis, co-localizing with CD68-positive synoviocytes. Front Immunol 2024; 15:1355824. [PMID: 38799447 PMCID: PMC11127564 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2024.1355824] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/14/2023] [Accepted: 04/01/2024] [Indexed: 05/29/2024] Open
Abstract
Objectives IL26 levels are elevated in the blood and synovial fluid of patients with inflammatory arthritis. IL26 can be produced by Th17 cells and locally within joints by tissue-resident cells. IL26 induces osteoblast mineralization in vitro. As osteoproliferation and Th17 cells are important factors in the pathogenesis of axial spondyloarthritis (axSpA), we aimed to clarify the cellular sources of IL26 in spondyloarthritis. Methods Serum, peripheral blood mononuclear cells (n = 15-35) and synovial tissue (n = 3-9) of adult patients with axSpA, psoriatic arthritis (PsA) and rheumatoid arthritis (RA) and healthy controls (HCs, n = 5) were evaluated by ELISA, flow cytometry including PrimeFlow assay, immunohistochemistry and immunofluorescence and quantitative PCR. Results Synovial tissue of axSpA patients shows significantly more IL26-positive cells than that of HCs (p < 0.01), but numbers are also elevated in PsA and RA patients. Immunofluorescence shows co-localization of IL26 with CD68, but not with CD3, SMA, CD163, cadherin-11, or CD90. IL26 is elevated in the serum of RA and PsA (but not axSpA) patients compared with HCs (p < 0.001 and p < 0.01). However, peripheral blood CD4+ T cells from axSpA and PsA patients show higher positivity for IL26 in the PrimeFlow assay compared with HCs. CD4+ memory T cells from axSpA patients produce more IL26 under Th17-favoring conditions (IL-1β and IL-23) than cells from PsA and RA patients or HCs. Conclusion IL26 production is increased in the synovial tissue of SpA and can be localized to CD68+ macrophage-like synoviocytes, whereas circulating IL26+ Th17 cells are only modestly enriched. Considering the osteoproliferative properties of IL26, this offers new therapeutic options independent of Th17 pathways.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ariane Hammitzsch
- Department of Nephrology, Klinikum Rechts der Isar, School of Medicine, Technical University of Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Andreas Ossadnik
- Department of Nephrology, Klinikum Rechts der Isar, School of Medicine, Technical University of Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Quirin Bachmann
- Department of Nephrology, Klinikum Rechts der Isar, School of Medicine, Technical University of Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Helga Merwald-Fraenk
- Amedes Holding AG, Ambulatory Healthcare Center (MVZ) Endokrinologikum München, Munich, Germany
| | - Georg Lorenz
- Department of Nephrology and Rheumatology, Klinik Augustinum München, Munich, Germany
| | | | - Franziska Wiesent
- Amedes Holding AG, Ambulatory Healthcare Center (MVZ) Endokrinologikum München, Munich, Germany
| | - Heinrich Mühlhofer
- Clinic and Policlinic of Orthopaedics and Sports’ Orthopaedics, Klinikum Rechts der Isar, School of Medicine, Technical University of Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Davide Simone
- Kennedy Institute of Rheumatology, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom
| | - Paul Bowness
- Botnar Research Centre, Nuffield Department of Orthopaedics, Rheumatology and Musculoskeletal Sciences, Medical Sciences Division, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom
| | - Uwe Heemann
- Department of Nephrology, Klinikum Rechts der Isar, School of Medicine, Technical University of Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Martin Arbogast
- Department of Rheumatic Orthopedics and Hand Surgery, Klinik Oberammergau, Waldburg-Zeil Kliniken GmbH und Co KG, Oberammergau, Germany
| | - Philipp Moog
- Department of Nephrology, Klinikum Rechts der Isar, School of Medicine, Technical University of Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Christoph Schmaderer
- Department of Nephrology, Klinikum Rechts der Isar, School of Medicine, Technical University of Munich, Munich, Germany
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10
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Gilad Y, Shimon O, Han SJ, Lonard DM, O’Malley BW. Steroid receptor coactivators in Treg and Th17 cell biology and function. Front Immunol 2024; 15:1389041. [PMID: 38698860 PMCID: PMC11063348 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2024.1389041] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/20/2024] [Accepted: 03/29/2024] [Indexed: 05/05/2024] Open
Abstract
Steroid receptor coactivators (SRCs) are master regulators of transcription that play key roles in human physiology and pathology. SRCs are particularly important for the regulation of the immune system with major roles in lymphocyte fate determination and function, macrophage activity, regulation of nuclear factor κB (NF-κB) transcriptional activity and other immune system biology. The three members of the p160 SRC family comprise a network of immune-regulatory proteins that can function independently or act in synergy with each other, and compensate for - or moderate - the activity of other SRCs. Recent evidence indicates that the SRCs are key participants in governing numerous aspects of CD4+ T cell biology. Here we review findings that establish the SRCs as essential regulators of regulatory T cells (Tregs) and T helper 17 (Th17) cells, with a focus on their crucial roles in Treg immunity in cancer and Treg-Th17 cell phenotypic plasticity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yosi Gilad
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Biology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, United States
- CoRegen, Inc., Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, United States
| | - Ortal Shimon
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Biology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, United States
- CoRegen, Inc., Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, United States
| | - Sang Jun Han
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Biology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, United States
- CoRegen, Inc., Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, United States
- Nuclear Receptor, Transcription and Chromatin Biology Program, Dan L. Duncan Cancer Center, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, United States
| | - David M. Lonard
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Biology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, United States
- CoRegen, Inc., Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, United States
- Nuclear Receptor, Transcription and Chromatin Biology Program, Dan L. Duncan Cancer Center, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, United States
| | - Bert W. O’Malley
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Biology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, United States
- CoRegen, Inc., Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, United States
- Nuclear Receptor, Transcription and Chromatin Biology Program, Dan L. Duncan Cancer Center, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, United States
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11
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Zhao J, Hao S, Chen Y, Ye X, Fang P, Hu H. Tauroursodeoxycholic acid liposome alleviates DSS-induced ulcerative colitis through restoring intestinal barrier and gut microbiota. Colloids Surf B Biointerfaces 2024; 236:113798. [PMID: 38377705 DOI: 10.1016/j.colsurfb.2024.113798] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/06/2023] [Revised: 01/23/2024] [Accepted: 02/11/2024] [Indexed: 02/22/2024]
Abstract
Ulcerative colitis (UC) is a chronic and progressive inflammatory disease that damages the colonic mucosa and disrupts the intestinal epithelial barrier. The current clinical treatment for UC is mainly chemotherapy, which has the limited effectiveness and severe side effects. It mainly focuses on the treatment of inflammation while neglecting the repair of the intestinal mucosa and the restoration of the microbiota balance. Here, we aimed to address these challenges by using an amphipathic bile acid -tauroursodeoxycholic acid (TUDCA) to replace cholesterol (CHL) in conventional liposomes. We prepared TUDCA/Emodin liposomes by incorporating the hydrophobic drug emodin. The experimental results indicated that TUDCA/Emodin Lip had uniform particle size distribution, good stability, low cytotoxicity, and exhibited good mucus permeability and anti-inflammatory activity in in vitro experiments, and was able to protect cells from oxidative stress. After oral administration, TUDCA/Emodin Lip significantly alleviated the severity of UC. This was evidenced by increased colon length, decreased inflammation and reduced colonic endoplasmic reticulum stress (ERS). Furthermore, TUDCA/Emodin Lip maintained the normal levels of the tight junction proteins Claudin-1 and ZO-1, thereby restoring the integrity of the intestinal barrier. Importantly, TUDCA/Emodin Lip also promoted the ecological restoration of the gut microbiota, increased overall abundance and diversity. Taken together, TUDCA/Emodin Lip can fundamentally restore intestinal homeostasis, this work provides a new, efficient and easily transformable treatment for UC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Junke Zhao
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510006, China
| | - Suqi Hao
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510006, China
| | - Yan Chen
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510006, China
| | - Xiaoxing Ye
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510006, China
| | - Pengchao Fang
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510006, China.
| | - Haiyan Hu
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510006, China; Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Chiral Molecules and Drug Discovery, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510006, China.
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12
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Wangen C, Raithel A, Tillmanns J, Gege C, Herrmann A, Vitt D, Kohlhof H, Marschall M, Hahn F. Validation of nuclear receptor RORγ isoform 1 as a novel host-directed antiviral target based on the modulation of cholesterol levels. Antiviral Res 2024; 221:105769. [PMID: 38056603 DOI: 10.1016/j.antiviral.2023.105769] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/12/2023] [Revised: 11/29/2023] [Accepted: 11/30/2023] [Indexed: 12/08/2023]
Abstract
Currently, the clinically approved repertoire of antiviral drugs predominantly comprises direct-acting antivirals (DAAs). However, the use of DAAs is frequently limited by adverse effects, restriction to individual virus species, or the induction of viral drug resistance. These issues will likely be resolved by the introduction of host-directed antivirals (HDAs) targeting cellular proteins crucial for viral replication. However, experiences with the development of antiviral HDAs and clinical applications are still in their infancy. With the present study, we explored the human nuclear receptor and transcription factor RORγ isoform 1 (RORγ1), a member of the retinoic acid receptor-related orphan receptor (ROR) family, as a putative target of antiviral HDAs. To this end, cell culture models were used to investigate major viral human pathogens, i.e. the severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2), human cytomegalovirus (HCMV), varicella zoster virus (VZV) and human immunodeficiency virus 1 (HIV-1). Our results demonstrated (i) an antiviral activity of the clinically relevant RORγ modulators cedirogant and others, (ii) that isoform RORγ1 acts as the responsible determinant and drug target in the analyzed cell culture-based models, (iii) a selectivity of the antiviral effect for RORγ1 over related receptors RORα and RORβ, (iv) a late-phase inhibition exerted by cedirogant in HCMV replication and (v) a mechanistic link to the cellular cholesterol biosynthesis. Combined, the data highlight this novel RORγ-specific antiviral targeting concept and the developmental potential of RORγ-directed small molecules.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christina Wangen
- Institute for Clinical and Molecular Virology, Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg (FAU), Erlangen, Germany.
| | - Andrea Raithel
- Institute for Clinical and Molecular Virology, Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg (FAU), Erlangen, Germany.
| | - Julia Tillmanns
- Institute for Clinical and Molecular Virology, Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg (FAU), Erlangen, Germany.
| | | | - Alexandra Herrmann
- Institute for Clinical and Molecular Virology, Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg (FAU), Erlangen, Germany; Immunic AG, Gräfelfing, Germany.
| | | | | | - Manfred Marschall
- Institute for Clinical and Molecular Virology, Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg (FAU), Erlangen, Germany.
| | - Friedrich Hahn
- Institute for Clinical and Molecular Virology, Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg (FAU), Erlangen, Germany.
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13
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Zhang Y, Ma J, Bao X, Hu M, Wei X. The role of retinoic acid receptor-related orphan receptors in skeletal diseases. Front Endocrinol (Lausanne) 2023; 14:1302736. [PMID: 38027103 PMCID: PMC10664752 DOI: 10.3389/fendo.2023.1302736] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/27/2023] [Accepted: 10/23/2023] [Indexed: 12/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Bone homeostasis, depending on the balance between bone formation and bone resorption, is responsible for maintaining the proper structure and function of the skeletal system. As an important group of transcription factors, retinoic acid receptor-related orphan receptors (RORs) have been reported to play important roles in bone homeostasis by regulating the transcription of target genes in skeletal cells. On the other hand, the dysregulation of RORs often leads to various skeletal diseases such as osteoporosis, rheumatoid arthritis (RA), and osteoarthritis (OA). Herein, we summarized the roles and mechanisms of RORs in skeletal diseases, aiming to provide evidence for potential therapeutic strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yifan Zhang
- Department of Orthodontics, Hospital of Stomatology Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin, China
| | - Jun Ma
- Department of Oral Anatomy and Physiology, Hospital of Stomatology Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin, China
| | - Xingfu Bao
- Department of Orthodontics, Hospital of Stomatology Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin, China
| | - Min Hu
- Department of Orthodontics, Hospital of Stomatology Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin, China
| | - Xiaoxi Wei
- Department of Orthodontics, Hospital of Stomatology Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin, China
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