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Zhang J, Zhang Z, Wang X, Ma Y, Zhou Z, Du X, Lu X. Ultra-thin FeCoNi-LDH hollow nanoflower as solid-phase microextraction coating for targeted capture of six pesticides by electrostatic adsorption. Talanta 2024; 276:126258. [PMID: 38776772 DOI: 10.1016/j.talanta.2024.126258] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/09/2024] [Revised: 05/05/2024] [Accepted: 05/12/2024] [Indexed: 05/25/2024]
Abstract
Pesticides are common pollutants that cause detriment to the ecological environmental safety and health of human due to their toxicity, volatility and bioaccumulation. In this work, an ultra-thin polymetallic layered double hydroxide (FeCoNi-LDH) with hollow nanoflower structure composite was synthesized using ZIF-67 as a self-sacrificial template, which was used as solid-phase microextraction (SPME) coating for the targeted capture pesticides, which could be combined with high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) to sensitive inspection pesticides in real water samples. Orthogonal experimental design (OAD) was applied to ensure the best SPME condition. Additionally, the adsorption properties were evaluated by chemical thermodynamics and kinetics. Under the optimized conditions, high adsorption capacity was obtained (117.0-21.5 mg g-1). A wide linear range (0.020-1000.0 μg L-1), low detection limit (0.008-0.172 μg L-1) and excellent reproducibility were obtained under the established method. This research provided a new strategy for designing hollow materials with multiple cations for the adsorption of anion or organic pollutants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jie Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Water Security and Water Environment Protection in Plateau Intersection, Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Northwest Normal University, Lanzhou, 730070, PR China
| | - Zhen Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Water Security and Water Environment Protection in Plateau Intersection, Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Northwest Normal University, Lanzhou, 730070, PR China
| | - Xuemei Wang
- Key Laboratory of Water Security and Water Environment Protection in Plateau Intersection, Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Northwest Normal University, Lanzhou, 730070, PR China; Key Laboratory of Bioelectrochemistry and Environmental Analysis of Gansu Province, Lanzhou, 730070, PR China.
| | - Yuan Ma
- Key Laboratory of Water Security and Water Environment Protection in Plateau Intersection, Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Northwest Normal University, Lanzhou, 730070, PR China
| | - Zheng Zhou
- Key Laboratory of Water Security and Water Environment Protection in Plateau Intersection, Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Northwest Normal University, Lanzhou, 730070, PR China
| | - Xinzhen Du
- Key Laboratory of Water Security and Water Environment Protection in Plateau Intersection, Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Northwest Normal University, Lanzhou, 730070, PR China; Key Laboratory of Bioelectrochemistry and Environmental Analysis of Gansu Province, Lanzhou, 730070, PR China
| | - Xiaoquan Lu
- Key Laboratory of Water Security and Water Environment Protection in Plateau Intersection, Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Northwest Normal University, Lanzhou, 730070, PR China; Key Laboratory of Bioelectrochemistry and Environmental Analysis of Gansu Province, Lanzhou, 730070, PR China
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Alshehri AA, Hammami B, Alshehri MM, Aouak T, Hakami RA, Badjah Hadj Ahmed AY. Development of In-Needle SPME Devices for Microextraction Applied to the Quantification of Pesticides in Agricultural Water. Molecules 2024; 29:2628. [PMID: 38893504 PMCID: PMC11173539 DOI: 10.3390/molecules29112628] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/19/2024] [Revised: 05/27/2024] [Accepted: 05/28/2024] [Indexed: 06/21/2024] Open
Abstract
The chemical industry explosion in the 20th century has led to increased environmental pollution, affecting fauna, flora, and waterways. These substances alter water's taste, color, and smell, making it unfit for consumption or toxic. Agricultural water networks face threats from pollution before and after treatment. Some chemical contaminants, like pesticides, are embedded in natural biogeochemical cycles. In this study, we developed a simple and low-cost procedure for the fabrication of needles coated with polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS) as an efficient sorbent for the microextraction of organic pollutant traces from water. The prepared needles were used as an alternative for commercial solid-phase micro-extraction (SPME) devices in analytical chemistry. The PDMS polymeric phase was characterized by Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR), thermogravimetry (TGA), and scanning electron microscopy (SEM). The PDMS-coated needles were used for extraction of thirteen pesticides by direct-immersion solid-phase microextraction (DI-SPME) from contaminated waters, followed by determination with gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS). The developed analytical method showed limits of detection (LODs) between 0.3 and 2.5 ng mL-1 and RSDs in the range of 0.8-12.2%. The homemade needles were applied for the extraction of pesticides in surface and ground aqueous samples collected from an agricultural area. Several target pesticides were identified and quantified in the investigated water samples.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ahmed Ali Alshehri
- Department of Chemistry, College of Science, Qassim University, Buraidah 51452, Saudi Arabia;
| | - Bechir Hammami
- Department of Chemistry, College of Science, Qassim University, Buraidah 51452, Saudi Arabia;
| | | | - Taieb Aouak
- Department of Chemistry, College of Science, King Saud University, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia;
| | - Rabab A. Hakami
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Since, King Khalid University, Abha 61413, Saudi Arabia;
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Woźniczka K, Trojan V, Urbanowicz K, Schreiber P, Zadrożna J, Bączek T, Smoleński RT, Roszkowska A. In vivo profiling of phytocannabinoids in Cannabis spp. varieties via SPME-LC-MS analysis. Anal Chim Acta 2024; 1306:342621. [PMID: 38692790 DOI: 10.1016/j.aca.2024.342621] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/09/2024] [Revised: 03/19/2024] [Accepted: 04/17/2024] [Indexed: 05/03/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND In vivo solid-phase microextraction (SPME) is a minimally invasive, non-exhaustive sample-preparation technique that facilitates the direct isolation of low molecular weight compounds from biological matrices in living systems. This technique is especially useful for the analysis of phytocannabinoids (PCs) in plant material, both for forensic purposes and for monitoring the PC content in growing Cannabis spp. plants. In contrast to traditional extraction techniques, in vivo SPME enables continuous tracking of the changes in the level of PCs during plant growth without the need for plant material collection. In this study, in vivo SPME utilizing biocompatible C18 probes and liquid-chromatography coupled to quadrupole time-of flight mass spectrometry (LC-Q-TOF-MS) is proposed as a novel strategy for the extraction and analysis of the acidic forms of five PCs in growing medicinal cannabis plants. RESULTS The SPME method was optimized by testing various parameters, including the extraction phase (coating), extraction and desorption times, and the extraction temperature. The proposed method was validated with satisfactory analytical performance regarding linearity (10-3000 ng/mL), limits of quantification, and precision (relative standard deviations below 5.5 %). The proposed method was then successfully applied for the isolation of five acidic forms of PCs, which are main components of growing medicinal cannabis plants. As a proof-of-concept, SPME probes were statically inserted into the inflorescences of two varieties of Cannabis spp. plants (i.e., CBD-dominant and Δ9-THC-dominant) cultivated under controlled conditions for 30 min extraction of tetrahydrocannabinolic acid (Δ9-THCA), cannabidiolic acid (CBDA), cannabigerolic acid (CBGA), cannabiviarinic acid (CBVA), and tetrahydrocannabivarinic acid (THCVA). SIGNIFICANCE AND NOVELTY The results confirmed that the developed SPME-LC-Q-TOF-MS method is a precise and efficient tool that enables direct and rapid isolation and analysis of PCs under in vivo conditions. The proposed methodology is highly appealing option for monitoring the metabolic pathways and compositions of multiple PCs in medicinal cannabis at different stages of plant growth.
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Affiliation(s)
- Katarzyna Woźniczka
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Medical University of Gdańsk, Hallera 107, 80-416, Gdańsk, Poland
| | - Václav Trojan
- Cannabis Facility, International Clinical Research Centre, St. Anne's University Hospital, Pekarská 53, 60200, Brno, Czech Republic; Department of Natural Drugs, Faculty of Pharmacy, Masaryk University, Palackého 1946/1, 61200, Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Krzysztof Urbanowicz
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Medical University of Gdańsk, Dębinki 1, 80-211, Gdańsk, Poland
| | - Patrik Schreiber
- Cannabis Facility, International Clinical Research Centre, St. Anne's University Hospital, Pekarská 53, 60200, Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Julia Zadrożna
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Medical University of Gdańsk, Hallera 107, 80-416, Gdańsk, Poland
| | - Tomasz Bączek
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Medical University of Gdańsk, Hallera 107, 80-416, Gdańsk, Poland
| | - Ryszard Tomasz Smoleński
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Medical University of Gdańsk, Dębinki 1, 80-211, Gdańsk, Poland
| | - Anna Roszkowska
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Medical University of Gdańsk, Hallera 107, 80-416, Gdańsk, Poland.
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Gao J, Li X, Zheng Y, Qin Q, Chen D. Recent Advances in Sample Preparation and Chromatographic/Mass Spectrometric Techniques for Detecting Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons in Edible Oils: 2010 to Present. Foods 2024; 13:1714. [PMID: 38890942 PMCID: PMC11171805 DOI: 10.3390/foods13111714] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/06/2024] [Revised: 05/26/2024] [Accepted: 05/27/2024] [Indexed: 06/20/2024] Open
Abstract
Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons are considered to be potentially genotoxic and carcinogenic to humans. For non-smoking populations, food is the main source of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons exposure. Due to their lipophilic nature, oils and fats rank among the food items with the highest polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon content. Consequently, the detection of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons in edible oils is critical for the promotion of human health. This paper reviews sample pretreatment methods, such as liquid-phase-based extraction methods, adsorbent-based extraction methods, and the QuEChERS (quick, easy, cheap, effective, rugged, and safe) method, combined with detection techniques like mass spectrometry and chromatography-based techniques for accurate quantification of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons in edible oils since 2010. An overview on the advances of the methods discussed herein, along with a commentary addition of current challenges and prospects, will guide researchers to focus on developing more effective detection methods and control measures to reduce the potential risks and hazards posed by polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiayi Gao
- Key Laboratory of Targeting Therapy and Diagnosis for Critical Diseases of Henan Province, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450001, China
| | - Xingyue Li
- Key Laboratory of Targeting Therapy and Diagnosis for Critical Diseases of Henan Province, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450001, China
| | - Yuanyuan Zheng
- Key Laboratory of Targeting Therapy and Diagnosis for Critical Diseases of Henan Province, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450001, China
| | - Qian Qin
- College of Medical Laboratory, Dalian Medical University, Dalian 116044, China
| | - Di Chen
- Key Laboratory of Targeting Therapy and Diagnosis for Critical Diseases of Henan Province, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450001, China
- Zhengzhou Research Base, National Key Laboratory of Cotton Bio-Breeding and Integrated Utilization, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450001, China
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Kwaśnica A, Pachura N, Carbonell-Barrachina ÁA, Issa-Issa H, Szumny D, Figiel A, Masztalerz K, Klemens M, Szumny A. Effect of Drying Methods on Chemical and Sensory Properties of Cannabis sativa Leaves. Molecules 2023; 28:8089. [PMID: 38138578 PMCID: PMC10745367 DOI: 10.3390/molecules28248089] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/30/2023] [Revised: 12/06/2023] [Accepted: 12/11/2023] [Indexed: 12/24/2023] Open
Abstract
Hemp is used as a source of fiber, oil and bioactive substances including volatile and cannabinoid-containing substances. This paper presents, for the first time, results on the evaluation of drying methods (convective, vacuum-microwave and combined convective pre-drying and vacuum-microwave finishing drying) of hemp leaves on the qualitative and quantitative changes in secondary metabolites, including essential oils, cannabinoids and sterols. A ranking and descriptive test of hemp leaves was also performed. Drying kinetics was presented using three models, including logarithmic, Midilli and modified Page. The SPME-Arrow technique was used to determine 41 volatile compounds, of which caryophyllene, β-myrcene and α-humulene were dominant in dried and fresh leaves. Regarding the essential oils obtained, 64 were identified, with caryophyllene, humulene epoxide II and limonene being the dominant ones. For preserving the highest amount of oils, the best method was the convective pre-drying followed by vacuum-microwave finishing drying (CD60-VMD) combined method, where the retention of volatile compounds was 36.08%, whereas the CD70 and 240-VMD methods resulted in the highest loss of 83%. The predominant cannabinoids in fresh hemp leaves were CBDA 6.05 and CBD 2.19 mg g-1. Drying caused no change in the cannabinoid profile of the plant material. β-Sitosterol, campesterol and lupeol were dominant in the phytosterol and triterpene fractions. No changes in either quality or quantity were observed in any of the variants found.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrzej Kwaśnica
- Department of Food Chemistry and Biocatalysis, Wroclaw University of Environmental and Life Sciences, Norwida 25, 50-375 Wrocław, Poland (A.S.)
| | - Natalia Pachura
- Department of Food Chemistry and Biocatalysis, Wroclaw University of Environmental and Life Sciences, Norwida 25, 50-375 Wrocław, Poland (A.S.)
| | | | - Hanán Issa-Issa
- Departamento Tecnología Agroalimentaria, Universidad Miguel Hernández, Carretera de Beniel, 03312 Orihuela, Spain
| | - Dorota Szumny
- Department of Pharmacology, Wrocław Medical University, ul. Jana Mikulicza-Radeckiego 2, 50-345 Wrocław, Poland
| | - Adam Figiel
- Institute of Agricultural Engineering, Wrocław University of Environmental and Life Sciences, Chełmońskego 37a, 51-630 Wrocław, Poland
| | - Klaudia Masztalerz
- Institute of Agricultural Engineering, Wrocław University of Environmental and Life Sciences, Chełmońskego 37a, 51-630 Wrocław, Poland
| | - Marta Klemens
- Department of Food Chemistry and Biocatalysis, Wroclaw University of Environmental and Life Sciences, Norwida 25, 50-375 Wrocław, Poland (A.S.)
| | - Antoni Szumny
- Department of Food Chemistry and Biocatalysis, Wroclaw University of Environmental and Life Sciences, Norwida 25, 50-375 Wrocław, Poland (A.S.)
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