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Koltak C, Yurt Y. Comparison of the effects of low level laser and insoles on pain, functioning, and muscle strength in subjects with stage 2 posterior tibial tendon dysfunction: A randomized study. J Back Musculoskelet Rehabil 2021; 34:1069-1078. [PMID: 34151822 DOI: 10.3233/bmr-200199] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Low level laser therapy (LLLT) is known to be effective in tendinopathies. No study yet investigated the effect of LLLT on posterior tibial tendon dysfunction (PTTD) in comparison to orthotic treatment. OBJECTIVE The aim was to compare the effects of LLLT and insole application on pain, function and muscle strength in subjects with stage 2 PTTD. METHODS Fifty-two subjects with stage 2 PTTD were randomly assigned to the LLLT and insole groups. The foot pain, function and strength of invertor and evertor muscles of the subjects was evaluated before and after treatment, and after 9 months. RESULTS Significant improvement was observed in the foot function and pain (p< 0.05) in both groups after treatment, but in the 9-month follow-up, the insole group had better values. The increase in 180∘.sec-1 concentric invertor muscle strength was found significant after the treatment and in month-9 as compared to the initial values (p< 0.05). CONCLUSIONS Both treatments are effective in reducing treating foot pain, as well as improving the function in subjects with stage 2 PTTD. However, at the end of the 9-month follow-up, it was seen that insoles were more effective. Neither method had a clinically important effect on muscle strength.
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Felizatti AL, do Bomfim FRC, Bovo JL, de Aro AA, do Amaral MEC, Esquisatto MAM. Effects of low-level laser therapy on the organization of articular cartilage in an experimental microcrystalline arthritis model. Lasers Med Sci 2019; 34:1401-1412. [PMID: 30762197 DOI: 10.1007/s10103-019-02740-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/03/2018] [Accepted: 01/29/2019] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
The aim of this study was to evaluate the effects of low-level laser therapy using the gallium arsenide laser (λ = 830 nm) on the articular cartilage (AC) organization from knee joint in an experimental model of microcrystalline arthritis in adult male Wistar rats. Seventy-two animals were divided into three groups: A (control), B (induced arthritis), and C (induced arthritis + laser therapy). The arthritis was induced in the right knee using 2 mg of Na4P2O7 in 0.5 mL of saline solution. The treatments were daily applied in the patellar region of the right knee after 48 h of induction. On the 7th, 14th, and 21st days of treatment, the animals were euthanized and their right knees were removed and processed for structural and biochemical analysis of the AC. The chondrocytes positively labeled for the TUNEL reaction were lower in C than in B on the 14th and 21st days. The content of glycosaminoglycans and hydroxyproline in A and C was higher than B on the 21st day. The amount of tibial TNF-α in B and C was lower than in A. The amount of tibial BMP-7 in B and C was higher than in A. The femoral MMP-13 was lower in B and C than for A. The tibial TGF-β for C was higher than the others. The femoral ADAMT-S4 content of A and C presented similar and inferior data to B on the 21st day. The AsGa-830 nm therapy preserved the content of glycosaminoglycans, reduced the cellular changes and the inflammatory process compared to the untreated group.
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Affiliation(s)
- Airton Luiz Felizatti
- Programa de Pós-graduação em Ciências Biomédicas, Centro Universitário da Fundação Hermínio Ometto - FHO, Av. Dr. Maximiliano Baruto, 500 Jd. Universitário, Araras, SP, 13607-339, Brazil
| | - Fernando Russo Costa do Bomfim
- Programa de Pós-graduação em Ciências Biomédicas, Centro Universitário da Fundação Hermínio Ometto - FHO, Av. Dr. Maximiliano Baruto, 500 Jd. Universitário, Araras, SP, 13607-339, Brazil
| | - Julia Leme Bovo
- Programa de Pós-graduação em Ciências Biomédicas, Centro Universitário da Fundação Hermínio Ometto - FHO, Av. Dr. Maximiliano Baruto, 500 Jd. Universitário, Araras, SP, 13607-339, Brazil
| | - Andrea Aparecida de Aro
- Programa de Pós-graduação em Ciências Biomédicas, Centro Universitário da Fundação Hermínio Ometto - FHO, Av. Dr. Maximiliano Baruto, 500 Jd. Universitário, Araras, SP, 13607-339, Brazil
| | - Maria Esméria Corezzola do Amaral
- Programa de Pós-graduação em Ciências Biomédicas, Centro Universitário da Fundação Hermínio Ometto - FHO, Av. Dr. Maximiliano Baruto, 500 Jd. Universitário, Araras, SP, 13607-339, Brazil
| | - Marcelo Augusto Marretto Esquisatto
- Programa de Pós-graduação em Ciências Biomédicas, Centro Universitário da Fundação Hermínio Ometto - FHO, Av. Dr. Maximiliano Baruto, 500 Jd. Universitário, Araras, SP, 13607-339, Brazil.
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Alayat MSM, Aly THA, Elsayed AEM, Fadil ASM. Efficacy of pulsed Nd:YAG laser in the treatment of patients with knee osteoarthritis: a randomized controlled trial. Lasers Med Sci 2017; 32:503-511. [PMID: 28078503 DOI: 10.1007/s10103-017-2141-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/21/2016] [Accepted: 01/03/2017] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
The purpose of this study was to investigate the effects of pulsed Nd:YAG laser plus glucosamine/chondroitin sulfate (GCS) in patients with knee osteoarthritis (KOA) by examining changes in pain and knee function, as well as synovial thickness (ST) and femoral cartilage thickness (FCT). Sixty-seven male patients participated, with a mean (SD) age of 53.85 (4.39) years, weight of 84.01 (4.70) kg, height of 171.51 (3.96) cm, and BMI of 28.56 (1.22). Group 1 was treated with high-intensity laser therapy (HILT), GCS, and exercises (HILT + GCS + EX). Group 2 was treated with GCS plus exercises (GCS + EX), and group 3 received placebo laser plus exercises (PL + EX). The outcomes measured were pain level and functional disability using the visual analog scale (VAS) and Western Ontario and McMaster Universities Osteoarthritis Index (WOMAC), respectively. ST and FCT were measured by ultrasound examination. Statistical analyses were performed to compare differences between baseline and after 6 weeks of treatment and then after 3 months of follow-up. Statistical significance was set at p < 0.05. VAS and WOMAC were significantly decreased in all groups after 6 weeks, with nonsignificant differences between 6 weeks and 3 months of follow-up. ST was significantly decreased in the HILT + GCS + EX group posttreatment, with nonsignificant decreases in the GCS + EX and PL + EX groups, as well as nonsignificant differences to FCT in all groups. Overall, pulsed Nd:YAG laser combined with GCS and exercises was more effective than GCS + EX and exercises alone in the treatment of KOA patients.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Ammar Suliman Mohamed Fadil
- Department of Physical Therapy, Faculty of Applied Medical Sciences, Umm Al-Qura University, Mecca, Saudi Arabia
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Chao Wei C, Qi Ping D, Tian You F, Yong Qiang C, Tao C. Icariin Prevents Cartilage and Bone Degradation in Experimental Models of Arthritis. Mediators Inflamm 2016; 2016:9529630. [PMID: 27199510 PMCID: PMC4854995 DOI: 10.1155/2016/9529630] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/25/2016] [Revised: 03/27/2016] [Accepted: 04/03/2016] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Icariin (ICA) is an active compound extracted from Epimedium brevicornum Maxim. Previous reports have shown that icariin has a clinically significant therapeutic effect on rheumatoid arthritis. However, little is known about the mechanism by which icariin inhibits cartilage and bone degradation. METHODS New Zealand rabbits were immunized with antigen-induced arthritis (AIA) and treated with icariin. Joint tissues from rabbits were studied by histological analysis, transmission electron microscopy (TEM), and micro-CT. The expression levels of receptor activator of nuclear factor-B ligand (RANKL) and osteoprotegerin (OPG) in joint tissues were determined using immunohistochemistry and real-time PCR analysis. RESULTS Histological analysis and TEM sections of cartilage in the ICA treated group showed a low level of chondrocyte destruction. Micro-CT analysis showed that the bone mineral density value and bone structural level in ICA treated rabbits were significantly higher compared with those in the AIA group. Immunohistochemistry and real-time PCR analysis showed that icariin treatment reduced RANKL expression and enhanced OPG expression levels, as compared to the AIA group. CONCLUSION These data indicate that ICA suppresses articular bone loss and prevents joint destruction. This study also determined that ICA regulated articular bone loss in part by regulating RANKL and OPG expression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chen Chao Wei
- Department of Orthopaedics and Traumatology, Shanghai Municipal Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai University of TCM, Shanghai 200071, China
| | - Dai Qi Ping
- Department of Orthopaedics and Traumatology, Shanghai Municipal Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai University of TCM, Shanghai 200071, China
| | - Fan Tian You
- Department of Orthopaedics and Traumatology, Shanghai Municipal Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai University of TCM, Shanghai 200071, China
| | - Chen Yong Qiang
- Department of Orthopaedics and Traumatology, Shanghai Municipal Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai University of TCM, Shanghai 200071, China
| | - Che Tao
- Department of Orthopaedics and Traumatology, Shanghai Municipal Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai University of TCM, Shanghai 200071, China
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Evaluation of the effects of pulsed wave LLLT on tibial diaphysis in two rat models of experimental osteoporosis, as examined by stereological and real-time PCR gene expression analyses. Lasers Med Sci 2016; 31:721-32. [PMID: 26964799 DOI: 10.1007/s10103-016-1916-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/14/2015] [Accepted: 02/19/2016] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Osteoporosis (OP) and osteoporotic fracture are major public health issues for society; the burden for the affected individual is also high. Previous studies have shown that pulsed wave low-level laser therapy (PW LLLT) has osteogenic effects. This study intended to evaluate the impacts of PW LLLT on the cortical bone of osteoporotic rats' tibias in two experimental models, ovariectomized and dexamethasone-treated. We divided the rats into four ovariectomized induced OP (OVX-d) and four dexamethasone-treated (glucocorticoid-induced OP, GIOP) groups. A healthy (H) group of rats was considered for baseline evaluations. At 14 weeks following ovariectomy, we subdivided the OVX-d rats into the following groups: (i) control which had OP, (ii) OVX-d rats treated with alendronate (1 mg/kg), (iii) OVX-d rats treated with LLLT, and (iv) OVX-d rats treated with alendronate and PW LLLT. The remaining rats received dexamethasone over a 5-week period and were also subdivided into four groups: (i) control rats treated with intramuscular (i.m.) injections of distilled water (vehicle), (ii) rats treated with subcutaneous alendronate injections (1 mg/kg), (iii) laser-treated rats, and (iv) rats simultaneously treated with laser and alendronate. The rats received alendronate for 30 days and underwent PW LLLT (890 nm, 80 Hz, 0.972 J/cm(2)) three times per week during 8 weeks. Then, the right tibias were extracted and underwent a stereological analysis of histological parameters and real-time polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR). A significant increase in cortical bone volume (mm(3)) existed in all study groups compared to the healthy rats. There were significant decreases in trabecular bone volume (mm(3)) in all study groups compared to the group of healthy rats. The control rats with OP and rats from the vehicle group showed significantly increased osteoclast numbers compared to most other groups. Alendronate significantly decreased osteoclast numbers in osteoporotic rats. Concurrent treatments (compounded by PW LLLT and alendronate) produce the same effect on osteoporotic bone.
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Low Reactive Level Laser Therapy for Mesenchymal Stromal Cells Therapies. Stem Cells Int 2015; 2015:974864. [PMID: 26273309 PMCID: PMC4529981 DOI: 10.1155/2015/974864] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/19/2014] [Accepted: 03/14/2015] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Low reactive level laser therapy (LLLT) is mainly focused on the activation of intracellular or extracellular chromophore and the initiation of cellular signaling by using low power lasers. Over the past forty years, it was realized that the laser therapy had the potential to improve wound healing and reduce pain and inflammation. In recent years, the term LLLT has become widely recognized in the field of regenerative medicine. In this review, we will describe the mechanisms of action of LLLT at a cellular level and introduce the application to mesenchymal stem cells and mesenchymal stromal cells (MSCs) therapies. Finally, our recent research results that LLLT enhanced the MSCs differentiation to osteoblast will also be described.
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Effects of low-level laser therapy on joint pain, synovitis, anabolic, and catabolic factors in a progressive osteoarthritis rabbit model. Lasers Med Sci 2014; 29:1875-85. [PMID: 24890034 DOI: 10.1007/s10103-014-1600-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/06/2013] [Accepted: 05/20/2014] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of low-level laser therapy (LLLT) on short-term and long-term joint pain, synovitis, anabolic, and catabolic factors in the cartilage of a rabbit model with progressive osteoarthritis (OA) induced by anterior cruciate ligament transection (ACLT). A total of 160 New Zealand white rabbits were randomly assigned into two groups (ACLT group and LLLT group). All rabbits received ACLT surgery, and 2-, 4-, 6-, and 8-week treatment after the surgery, with 20 rabbits being tested biweekly over every study period. The LLLT group received LLLT with a helium-neon (He-Ne) laser (830 nm) of 1.5 J/cm(2) three times per week, and the ACLT group received placebo LLLT with the equipment switched off. Long-term and short-term pain was tested via weight-bearing asymmetry; synovitis was assessed histologically; and knee joint cartilage was evaluated by gross morphology, histology, and gene expression analysis of anabolic and catabolic factors. The histological assessment of pain and synovitis showed that at least 6-week intermittent irradiation of LLLT could relief knee pain and control synovium inflammation. Gross morphologic inspection and histological evaluation showed that 6 weeks of LLLT could decrease cartilage damage of medical femoral condyle and 8 weeks of LLLT could decrease cartilage damage of medical and lateral femoral condyles and medical tibial plateau. Gene expression analysis revealed two results: At least 6 weeks of LLLT could decrease production of catabolic factors, for example, interleukin 1β (IL-1β), inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS), and MMP-3, and slow down the loss of anabolic factors, mainly TIMP-1. Eight weeks of LLLT treatment could slow down the loss of collagen II, aggrecan, and anabolic factors, mainly transforming growth factor beta (TGF-β). The study suggests that LLLT plays a protective role against cartilage degradation and synovitis in rabbits with progressive OA by virtue of the regulation of catabolic and anabolic factors in the cartilage.
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The effect of low-level laser to apoptosis of chondrocyte and caspases expression, including caspase-8 and caspase-3 in rabbit surgery-induced model of knee osteoarthritis. Rheumatol Int 2010; 32:759-66. [DOI: 10.1007/s00296-010-1629-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/12/2010] [Accepted: 11/13/2010] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
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Javadieh F, Bayat M, Torkaman G. Evaluation of Low-Level Laser Therapy with a He–Ne Laser on the Healing of an Osteochondral Defect Using a Biomechanical Test. Photomed Laser Surg 2010; 28:423-8. [DOI: 10.1089/pho.2008.2434] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
| | - Mohammad Bayat
- Cellular and Molecular Biology Research Center, Medical Faculty, Shahid Beheshti University, M.C., Tehran, Iran
| | - Giti Torkaman
- Physiotherapy Department, Tarbiat Modares University, Tehran, Iran
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Kamrava SK, Farhadi M, Rezvan F, Sharifi D, Ashrafihellan J, Shoaee S, Rezvan B. The histological and clinical effects of 630 nanometer and 860 nanometer low-level laser on rabbits’ ear punch holes. Lasers Med Sci 2008; 24:949-54. [DOI: 10.1007/s10103-008-0629-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/07/2008] [Accepted: 10/23/2008] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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