1
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Maheshwari DG, Shah JS, Shah DB, Patel PK, Singh YR. Emerging trends in extraction and analytical techniques for bromelain. J LIQ CHROMATOGR R T 2023. [DOI: 10.1080/10826076.2022.2161573] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Dilip G. Maheshwari
- Department of Pharmaceutical Quality Assurance, L.J. Institute of Pharmacy, LJ University, Ahmedabad, India
| | - Jignesh S. Shah
- Department of Pharmaceutical Regulatory Affairs, L.J. Institute of Pharmacy, LJ University, Ahmedabad, India
| | - Darshil B. Shah
- Department of Pharmaceutical Quality Assurance, L.J. Institute of Pharmacy, LJ University, Ahmedabad, India
| | - Paresh K. Patel
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, L.J. Institute of Pharmacy, LJ University, Ahmedabad, India
| | - Yash Raj Singh
- Department of Pharmaceutical Quality Assurance, L.J. Institute of Pharmacy, LJ University, Ahmedabad, India
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2
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Chelminiak-Dudkiewicz D, Smolarkiewicz-Wyczachowski A, Mylkie K, Wujak M, Mlynarczyk DT, Nowak P, Bocian S, Goslinski T, Ziegler-Borowska M. Chitosan-based films with cannabis oil as a base material for wound dressing application. Sci Rep 2022; 12:18658. [PMID: 36333591 PMCID: PMC9636169 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-022-23506-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/27/2022] [Accepted: 11/01/2022] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
This study focuses on obtaining and characterizing novel chitosan-based biomaterials containing cannabis oil to potentially promote wound healing. The primary active substance in cannabis oil is the non-psychoactive cannabidiol, which has many beneficial properties. In this study, three chitosan-based films containing different concentrations of cannabis oil were prepared. As the amount of oil increased, the obtained biomaterials became rougher as tested by atomic force microscopy. Such rough surfaces promote protein adsorption, confirmed by experiments assessing the interaction between human albumin with the obtained materials. Increased oil concentration also improved the films' mechanical parameters, swelling capacity, and hydrophilic properties, which were checked by the wetting angle measurement. On the other hand, higher oil content resulted in decreased water vapour permeability, which is essential in wound dressing. Furthermore, the prepared films were subjected to an acute toxicity test using a Microtox. Significantly, the film's increased cannabis oil content enhanced the antimicrobial effect against A. fischeri for films in direct contact with bacteria. More importantly, cell culture studies revealed that the obtained materials are biocompatible and, therefore, they might be potential candidates for application in wound dressing materials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dorota Chelminiak-Dudkiewicz
- grid.5374.50000 0001 0943 6490Department of Biomedical Chemistry and Polymer Science, Medicinal Chemistry Research Group, Faculty of Chemistry, Nicolaus Copernicus University in Torun, Gagarina 7, 87-100 Torun, Poland
| | - Aleksander Smolarkiewicz-Wyczachowski
- grid.5374.50000 0001 0943 6490Department of Biomedical Chemistry and Polymer Science, Medicinal Chemistry Research Group, Faculty of Chemistry, Nicolaus Copernicus University in Torun, Gagarina 7, 87-100 Torun, Poland
| | - Kinga Mylkie
- grid.5374.50000 0001 0943 6490Department of Biomedical Chemistry and Polymer Science, Medicinal Chemistry Research Group, Faculty of Chemistry, Nicolaus Copernicus University in Torun, Gagarina 7, 87-100 Torun, Poland
| | - Magdalena Wujak
- grid.5374.50000 0001 0943 6490Department of Medicinal Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Nicolaus Copernicus University in Torun, Collegium Medicum, Jurasza 2, 85-089 Bydgoszcz, Poland
| | - Dariusz T. Mlynarczyk
- grid.22254.330000 0001 2205 0971Chair and Department of Chemical Technology of Drugs, Poznan University of Medical Sciences, Grunwaldzka 6, 60-780 Poznan, Poland
| | - Pawel Nowak
- grid.5374.50000 0001 0943 6490Department of Biomedical Chemistry and Polymer Science, Medicinal Chemistry Research Group, Faculty of Chemistry, Nicolaus Copernicus University in Torun, Gagarina 7, 87-100 Torun, Poland
| | - Szymon Bocian
- grid.5374.50000 0001 0943 6490Department of Environmental Chemistry and Bioanalysis, Faculty of Chemistry, Nicolaus Copernicus University in Torun, Gagarina 7, 87-100 Torun, Poland
| | - Tomasz Goslinski
- grid.22254.330000 0001 2205 0971Chair and Department of Chemical Technology of Drugs, Poznan University of Medical Sciences, Grunwaldzka 6, 60-780 Poznan, Poland
| | - Marta Ziegler-Borowska
- grid.5374.50000 0001 0943 6490Department of Biomedical Chemistry and Polymer Science, Medicinal Chemistry Research Group, Faculty of Chemistry, Nicolaus Copernicus University in Torun, Gagarina 7, 87-100 Torun, Poland
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3
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Holyavka MG, Pankova SM, Vyshkvorkina YM, Lukin AN, Kondratyev MS, Artyukhov VG. Chitosan as Photo Protector for Papain Immobilized on Its Matrix. Biophysics (Nagoya-shi) 2022. [DOI: 10.1134/s0006350922030095] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
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4
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Effect of Irradiation on Structural Changes of Levan. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms23052463. [PMID: 35269605 PMCID: PMC8910695 DOI: 10.3390/ijms23052463] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/28/2022] [Revised: 02/19/2022] [Accepted: 02/21/2022] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Levan, as a biocompatible and renewable biopolymer with anticancer properties, is a promising candidate for a wide range of applications in various fields of industry. However, in the literature, there is a lack of information about its behavior under the influence of UV irradiation, which may limit its potential application, including medical science. Therefore, this study describes the effects of irradiation on the structural properties of levan. This type of fructan was subjected to stability tests under radiation conditions using LED and polychromatic lamps. The results showed that the photodegradation of levan irradiated with a polychromatic light occurs faster and more efficiently than the photodegradation of levan irradiated with an LED lamp. Furthermore, AFM analysis showed that the surface became smoother after irradiation, as evidenced by decreasing values of roughness parameters. Moreover, UV irradiation causes the decrease of total surface free energy and both its components in levan; however, more significant changes occur during irradiation of the sample with a polychromatic lamp.
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Porolnik W, Kasprzycka M, Teubert A, Piskorz J. Serendipitous synthesis of unsymmetrical porphyrazine: Incomplete transesterification during macrocyclization. INORG CHEM COMMUN 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.inoche.2021.108953] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
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6
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Fluorescent Chitosan Modified with Heterocyclic Aromatic Dyes. MATERIALS 2021; 14:ma14216429. [PMID: 34771955 PMCID: PMC8585458 DOI: 10.3390/ma14216429] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/20/2021] [Revised: 10/14/2021] [Accepted: 10/22/2021] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Chitosan is a valuable, functional, and biodegradable polysaccharide that can be modified to expand its applications. This work aimed to obtain chitosan derivatives with fluorescent properties. Three heterocyclic aromatic dyes (based on benzimidazole, benzoxazole, and benzothiazole) were synthesized and used for the chemical modification of chitosan. Emission spectroscopy revealed the strong fluorescent properties of the obtained chitosan derivatives even at a low N-substitution degree of the dye. The effect of high-energy ultraviolet radiation (UV–C) on modified chitosan samples was studied in solution with UV–Vis spectroscopy and in the solid state with FTIR spectroscopy. Moreover, cytotoxicity towards three different cell types was evaluated to estimate the possibilities of biomedical applications of such fluorescent chitosan-based materials. It was found that the three new derivatives of chitosan were characterized by good resistance to UV–C, which suggests the possibility of using these materials in medicine and various industrial sectors.
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Kaczmarek-Szczepańska B, Wekwejt M, Mazur O, Zasada L, Pałubicka A, Olewnik-Kruszkowska E. The Physicochemical and Antibacterial Properties of Chitosan-Based Materials Modified with Phenolic Acids Irradiated by UVC Light. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:6472. [PMID: 34208782 PMCID: PMC8235692 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22126472] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/18/2021] [Revised: 06/07/2021] [Accepted: 06/14/2021] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
This paper concerns the physicochemical properties of chitosan/phenolic acid thin films irradiated by ultraviolet radiation with wavelengths between 200 and 290 nm (UVC) light. We investigated the preparation and characterization of thin films based on chitosan (CTS) with tannic (TA), caffeic (CA) and ferulic acid (FA) addition as potential food-packaging materials. Such materials were then exposed to the UVC light (254 nm) for 1 and 2 h to perform the sterilization process. Different properties of thin films before and after irradiation were determined by various methods such as Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), atomic force microscopy (AFM), differential scanning calorimeter (DSC), mechanical properties and by the surface free energy determination. Moreover, the antimicrobial activity of the films and their potential to reduce the risk of contamination was assessed. The results showed that the phenolic acid improving properties of chitosan-based films, short UVC radiation may be used as sterilization method for those films, and also that the addition of ferulic acid obtains effective antimicrobial activity, which have great benefit for food packing applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Beata Kaczmarek-Szczepańska
- Department of Biomaterials and Cosmetics Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry, Nicolaus Copernicus University in Torun, 87-100 Toruń, Poland; (O.M.); (L.Z.)
| | - Marcin Wekwejt
- Department of Biomaterials Technology, Faculty of Mechanical Engineering and Ship Technology, Gdańsk University of Technology, 80-008 Gdańsk, Poland;
| | - Olha Mazur
- Department of Biomaterials and Cosmetics Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry, Nicolaus Copernicus University in Torun, 87-100 Toruń, Poland; (O.M.); (L.Z.)
| | - Lidia Zasada
- Department of Biomaterials and Cosmetics Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry, Nicolaus Copernicus University in Torun, 87-100 Toruń, Poland; (O.M.); (L.Z.)
| | - Anna Pałubicka
- Department of Laboratory Diagnostics and Microbiology with Blood Bank, Specialist Hospital in Kościerzyna, 83-400 Kościerzyna, Poland;
| | - Ewa Olewnik-Kruszkowska
- Physical Chemistry and Physicochemistry of Polymers, Faculty of Chemistry, Nicolaus Copernicus University in Torun, 87-100 Toruń, Poland;
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Mlynarczyk DT, Ziental D, Kolasinski E, Sobotta L, Koczorowski T, Mielcarek J, Goslinski T. Nipagin-Functionalized Porphyrazine and Phthalocyanine-Synthesis, Physicochemical Characterization and Toxicity Study after Deposition on Titanium Dioxide Nanoparticles P25. Molecules 2021; 26:2657. [PMID: 34062815 PMCID: PMC8124671 DOI: 10.3390/molecules26092657] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/18/2021] [Revised: 04/26/2021] [Accepted: 04/28/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Aza-porphyrinoids exhibit distinct spectral properties in UV-Vis, and they are studied in applications such as photosensitizers in medicine and catalysts in technology. The use of appropriate peripheral substituents allows the modulation of their physicochemical properties. Phthalocyanine and sulfanyl porphyrazine octa-substituted with 4-(butoxycarbonyl)phenyloxy moieties were synthesized and characterized using UV-Vis and NMR spectroscopy, as well as mass spectrometry. A comparison of porphyrazine with phthalocyanine aza-porphyrinoids revealed that phthalocyanine macrocycle exhibits higher singlet oxygen generation quantum yields, reaching the value of 0.29 in DMF. After both macrocycles had been deposited on titanium dioxide nanoparticles P25, the cytotoxicities and photocytotoxicities of the prepared materials were studied using a Microtox® acute toxicity test. The highest cytotoxicity occurred after irradiation with a red light for the material composed of phthalocyanine deposited on titania nanoparticles.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dariusz T. Mlynarczyk
- Chair and Department of Chemical Technology of Drugs, Poznan University of Medical Sciences, Grunwaldzka 6, 60-780 Poznań, Poland; (E.K.); (T.K.); (T.G.)
| | - Daniel Ziental
- Chair and Department of Inorganic and Analytical Chemistry, Poznan University of Medical Sciences, Grunwaldzka 6, 60-780 Poznań, Poland; (D.Z.); (L.S.); (J.M.)
| | - Emil Kolasinski
- Chair and Department of Chemical Technology of Drugs, Poznan University of Medical Sciences, Grunwaldzka 6, 60-780 Poznań, Poland; (E.K.); (T.K.); (T.G.)
| | - Lukasz Sobotta
- Chair and Department of Inorganic and Analytical Chemistry, Poznan University of Medical Sciences, Grunwaldzka 6, 60-780 Poznań, Poland; (D.Z.); (L.S.); (J.M.)
| | - Tomasz Koczorowski
- Chair and Department of Chemical Technology of Drugs, Poznan University of Medical Sciences, Grunwaldzka 6, 60-780 Poznań, Poland; (E.K.); (T.K.); (T.G.)
| | - Jadwiga Mielcarek
- Chair and Department of Inorganic and Analytical Chemistry, Poznan University of Medical Sciences, Grunwaldzka 6, 60-780 Poznań, Poland; (D.Z.); (L.S.); (J.M.)
| | - Tomasz Goslinski
- Chair and Department of Chemical Technology of Drugs, Poznan University of Medical Sciences, Grunwaldzka 6, 60-780 Poznań, Poland; (E.K.); (T.K.); (T.G.)
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Piosik E, Ziegler-Borowska M, Chełminiak-Dudkiewicz D, Martyński T. Effect of Aminated Chitosan-Coated Fe 3O 4 Nanoparticles with Applicational Potential in Nanomedicine on DPPG, DSPC, and POPC Langmuir Monolayers as Cell Membrane Models. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:ijms22052467. [PMID: 33671105 PMCID: PMC7957775 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22052467] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/29/2021] [Revised: 02/13/2021] [Accepted: 02/22/2021] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
An adsorption process of magnetite nanoparticles functionalized with aminated chitosan (Fe3O4-AChit) showing application potential in nanomedicine into cell membrane models was studied. The cell membrane models were formed using a Langmuir technique from three selected phospholipids with different polar head-groups as well as length and carbon saturation of alkyl chains. The research presented in this work reveals the existence of membrane model composition-dependent regulation of phospholipid-nanoparticle interactions. The influence of the positively charged Fe3O4-AChit nanoparticles on a Langmuir film stability, phase state, and textures is much greater in the case of these formed by negatively charged 1,2-dipalmitoyl-sn-glycero-3-phospho-rac-(1-glycerol) (DPPG) than those created by zwitterionic 1,2-distearoyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphocholine (DSPC) and 2-oleoyl-1-palmitoyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphocholine (POPC). The adsorption kinetics recorded during penetration experiments show that this effect is caused by the strongest adsorption of the investigated nanoparticles into the DPPG monolayer driven very likely by the electrostatic attraction. The differences in the adsorption strength of the Fe3O4-AChit nanoparticles into the Langmuir films formed by the phosphatidylcholines were also observed. The nanoparticles adsorbed more easily into more loosely packed POPC monolayer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Emilia Piosik
- Faculty of Material Engineering and Technical Physics, Poznan University of Technology, Piotrowo 3, 60-965 Poznan, Poland;
- Correspondence: (E.P.); (M.Z.-B.)
| | - Marta Ziegler-Borowska
- Faculty of Chemistry, Nicolaus Copernicus University in Torun, Gagarina 7, 87-100 Torun, Poland;
- Correspondence: (E.P.); (M.Z.-B.)
| | | | - Tomasz Martyński
- Faculty of Material Engineering and Technical Physics, Poznan University of Technology, Piotrowo 3, 60-965 Poznan, Poland;
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Photochemical properties and photocytotoxicities against wound bacteria of sulfanyl porphyrazines with bulky peripheral substituents. J Organomet Chem 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jorganchem.2020.121669] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
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11
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Synthesis of sulfanyl porphyrazines with bulky peripheral substituents – Evaluation of their photochemical properties and biological activity. J Photochem Photobiol A Chem 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jphotochem.2020.112964] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
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12
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Chelminiak-Dudkiewicz D, Rybczynski P, Smolarkiewicz-Wyczachowski A, Mlynarczyk DT, Wegrzynowska-Drzymalska K, Ilnicka A, Goslinski T, Marszałł MP, Ziegler-Borowska M. Photosensitizing potential of tailored magnetite hybrid nanoparticles functionalized with levan and zinc (II) phthalocyanine. APPLIED SURFACE SCIENCE 2020; 524:146602. [PMID: 32382204 PMCID: PMC7204711 DOI: 10.1016/j.apsusc.2020.146602] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/04/2020] [Revised: 04/16/2020] [Accepted: 05/04/2020] [Indexed: 05/08/2023]
Abstract
Phototherapies, including photodynamic therapy (PDT), have been widely used in the treatment of various diseases, especially for cancer. However, there is still a lack of effective, safe photosensitizers that would be well tolerated by patients. The combination of several methods (like phototherapy and hyperthermia) constitutes a modern therapeutic approach, which demands new materials based on components that are non-toxic without irradiation. Therefore, this study presents the synthesis and properties of novel, advanced nanomaterials in which the advantage features of the magnetic nanoparticles and photoactive compounds were combined. The primary purpose of this work was the synthesis of magnetic nanoparticles coated with biocompatible and antitumor polysaccharide - levan, previously unknown from scientific literature, and the deposition of potent photosensitizer - zinc(II) phthalocyanine on their surface. In order to better characterize the nature of the coating covering the magnetic core, the atomic force microscope analysis, a contact angle measurement, and the mechanical properties of pure levan and its blend with zinc(II) phthalocyanine films were investigated. This magnetic nanomaterial revealed the ability to generate singlet oxygen upon exposure to light. Finally, preliminary toxicity of obtained nanoparticles was tested using the Microtox® test - with and without irradiation.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Patryk Rybczynski
- Faculty of Chemistry, Nicolaus Copernicus University in Torun, Gagarina 7, 87-100 Torun, Poland
| | | | - Dariusz T. Mlynarczyk
- Chair and Department of Chemical Technology of Drugs, Poznan University of Medical Sciences, Grunwaldzka 6, 60-780 Poznan, Poland
| | | | - Anna Ilnicka
- Faculty of Chemistry, Nicolaus Copernicus University in Torun, Gagarina 7, 87-100 Torun, Poland
| | - Tomasz Goslinski
- Chair and Department of Chemical Technology of Drugs, Poznan University of Medical Sciences, Grunwaldzka 6, 60-780 Poznan, Poland
| | - Michał P. Marszałł
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Collegium Medicum in Bydgoszcz, Nicolaus Copernicus University in Torun, dr A. Jurasza 2, 85-089 Bydgoszcz, Poland
| | - Marta Ziegler-Borowska
- Faculty of Chemistry, Nicolaus Copernicus University in Torun, Gagarina 7, 87-100 Torun, Poland
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Wegrzynowska-Drzymalska K, Grebicka P, Mlynarczyk DT, Chelminiak-Dudkiewicz D, Kaczmarek H, Goslinski T, Ziegler-Borowska M. Crosslinking of Chitosan with Dialdehyde Chitosan as a New Approach for Biomedical Applications. MATERIALS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2020; 13:E3413. [PMID: 32756340 PMCID: PMC7435867 DOI: 10.3390/ma13153413] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/09/2020] [Revised: 07/30/2020] [Accepted: 07/31/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Materials based on natural high molecular compounds are particularly interesting for biomedical applications. It is known that the cross-linking agent used for preparation of biomacromolecule-based materials is as important as used biopolymer. Therefore, natural cross-linkers containing reactive carbonyl groups are of great interest especially for modifying properties of natural polysaccharides. One of the most popular cross-linking agents is glutaraldehyde. Nevertheless, the unreacted particles can be released from the cross-linked material and cause cytotoxic effects. This can be eliminated when using a cross-linker based e.g., on polysaccharides. This article describes quick and efficient synthesis of dialdehyde chitosan (DACS) and its application for the preparation of chitosan films. Materials obtained with different amount of DACS were fully characterized in terms of structure and surface morphology. Thermal and mechanical properties as well as hydrophilic character were also examined. The results obtained were compared with the materials obtained by cross-linking chitosan with low molecular weight glutaraldehyde and high molecular weight cross-linking agent based on polysaccharide-dialdehyde starch. Toxicity of all obtained materials was tested using the Microtox® test. It has been shown that due to better mechanical, thermal and surface properties as well as lower toxicity, dialdehyde chitosan is a very promising crosslinking agent.
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Affiliation(s)
- Katarzyna Wegrzynowska-Drzymalska
- Faculty of Chemistry, Nicolaus Copernicus University in Torun, Gagarina 7, 87100 Torun, Poland; (K.W.-D.); (P.G.); (D.C.-D.); (H.K.)
| | - Patrycja Grebicka
- Faculty of Chemistry, Nicolaus Copernicus University in Torun, Gagarina 7, 87100 Torun, Poland; (K.W.-D.); (P.G.); (D.C.-D.); (H.K.)
| | - Dariusz T. Mlynarczyk
- Chair and Department of Chemical Technology of Drugs, Poznan University of Medical Sciences, Grunwaldzka 6, 60780 Poznan, Poland; (D.T.M.); (T.G.)
| | - Dorota Chelminiak-Dudkiewicz
- Faculty of Chemistry, Nicolaus Copernicus University in Torun, Gagarina 7, 87100 Torun, Poland; (K.W.-D.); (P.G.); (D.C.-D.); (H.K.)
| | - Halina Kaczmarek
- Faculty of Chemistry, Nicolaus Copernicus University in Torun, Gagarina 7, 87100 Torun, Poland; (K.W.-D.); (P.G.); (D.C.-D.); (H.K.)
| | - Tomasz Goslinski
- Chair and Department of Chemical Technology of Drugs, Poznan University of Medical Sciences, Grunwaldzka 6, 60780 Poznan, Poland; (D.T.M.); (T.G.)
| | - Marta Ziegler-Borowska
- Faculty of Chemistry, Nicolaus Copernicus University in Torun, Gagarina 7, 87100 Torun, Poland; (K.W.-D.); (P.G.); (D.C.-D.); (H.K.)
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Influence of UV radiation on molecular structure and catalytic activity of free and immobilized bromelain, ficin and papain. JOURNAL OF PHOTOCHEMISTRY AND PHOTOBIOLOGY B-BIOLOGY 2019; 201:111681. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jphotobiol.2019.111681] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/17/2019] [Revised: 10/13/2019] [Accepted: 10/30/2019] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
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