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Nunes GP, de Oliveira Alves R, Ragghianti MHF, Martins TP, Dos Reis Prado AH, Nunes LP, Poli MCF, Silva ANA, Benetti F. Antimicrobial photodynamic therapy in the nonsurgical treatment of periodontitis in patients with HIV infection: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Lasers Med Sci 2024; 39:155. [PMID: 38865020 DOI: 10.1007/s10103-024-04087-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/29/2023] [Accepted: 05/15/2024] [Indexed: 06/13/2024]
Abstract
The aim of this systematic review and meta-analysis (SRM) was to evaluate the effectiveness of the adjunctive use of antimicrobial photodynamic therapy (aPDT) in non-surgical periodontal treatment (NSPT) in subjects with Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV) and periodontitis. This SRM was registered in PROSPERO (CRD42023410180) and followed the guidelines of PRISMA 2020. Searches were performed in different electronic databases. Risk of bias was performed using the Cochrane Risk of Bias tool (RoB 2.0) for randomized clinical trials (RCT). Meta-analysis was performed using Rev Man software. The mean difference (MD) measure of effect was calculated, the random effect model was applied with a 95% confidence interval, and heterogeneity was tested by the I2 index. The certainty of the evidence was rated using GRADE. A total of 1118 records were screened, and four studies were included. There was a greater reduction in the microbial load of periodontopathogens after NSPT with aPDT. Meta-analysis showed that probing depth (post 3 and 6 months) and clinical attachment loss (post 6 months) were lower for the aPDT-treated group than the NSPT alone: MD -0.39 [-0.74; -0.05], p = 0.02; MD -0.70 [-0.99; -0.41], p < 0.0001; MD -0.84 [-1,34; -0.34], p = 0.0001, respectively. Overall, the studies had a low risk of bias and, the certainty of evidence was rated as moderate. It is suggested that aPDT is a promising adjuvant therapy, showing efficacy in the reduction of the microbial load and in some clinical parameters of individuals with periodontitis and HIV.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gabriel Pereira Nunes
- Department of Preventive and Restorative Dentistry, Araçatuba School of Dentistry, São Paulo State University (UNESP), Rua José Bonifácio 1193, Araçatuba, SP, 16015-050, Brazil.
| | - Renata de Oliveira Alves
- Department of Preventive and Restorative Dentistry, Araçatuba School of Dentistry, São Paulo State University (UNESP), Rua José Bonifácio 1193, Araçatuba, SP, 16015-050, Brazil
| | - Matheus Henrique Faccioli Ragghianti
- Department of Preventive and Restorative Dentistry, Araçatuba School of Dentistry, São Paulo State University (UNESP), Rua José Bonifácio 1193, Araçatuba, SP, 16015-050, Brazil
| | - Tamires Passadori Martins
- Department of Preventive and Restorative Dentistry, Araçatuba School of Dentistry, São Paulo State University (UNESP), Rua José Bonifácio 1193, Araçatuba, SP, 16015-050, Brazil
| | - Alexandre Henrique Dos Reis Prado
- Department of Restorative Dentistry, School of Dentistry, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais (UFMG), Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | - Larissa Pereira Nunes
- Department of Preventive and Restorative Dentistry, Araçatuba School of Dentistry, São Paulo State University (UNESP), Rua José Bonifácio 1193, Araçatuba, SP, 16015-050, Brazil
| | - Maria Clara Faria Poli
- Department of Preventive and Restorative Dentistry, Araçatuba School of Dentistry, São Paulo State University (UNESP), Rua José Bonifácio 1193, Araçatuba, SP, 16015-050, Brazil
| | - Arles Naisa Amaral Silva
- Department of Diagnosis and Surgery, School of Dentistry, São Paulo State University (UNESP), Araraquara, SP, Brazil
| | - Francine Benetti
- Department of Restorative Dentistry, School of Dentistry, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais (UFMG), Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais, Brazil
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Gerardi D, Bernardi S, Bruni A, Falisi G, Botticelli G. Characterization and morphological methods for oral biofilm visualization: where are we nowadays? AIMS Microbiol 2024; 10:391-414. [PMID: 38919718 PMCID: PMC11194622 DOI: 10.3934/microbiol.2024020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/24/2024] [Revised: 05/16/2024] [Accepted: 05/31/2024] [Indexed: 06/27/2024] Open
Abstract
The oral microbiome represents an essential component of the oral ecosystem whose symbiotic relationship contributes to health maintenance. The biofilm represents a state of living of microorganisms surrounding themselves with a complex and tridimensional organized polymeric support and defense matrix. The substrates where the oral biofilm adhere can suffer from damages due to the microbial community metabolisms. Therefore, microbial biofilm represents the main etiological factor of the two pathologies of dental interest with the highest incidence, such as carious pathology and periodontal pathology. The study, analysis, and understanding of the characteristics of the biofilm, starting from the macroscopic structure up to the microscopic architecture, appear essential. This review examined the morphological methods used through the years to identify species, adhesion mechanisms that contribute to biofilm formation and stability, and how the action of microbicidal molecules is effective against pathological biofilm. Microscopy is the primary technique for the morphological characterization of biofilm. Light microscopy, which includes the stereomicroscope and confocal laser microscopy (CLSM), allows the visualization of microbial communities in their natural state, providing valuable information on the spatial arrangement of different microorganisms within the biofilm and revealing microbial diversity in the biofilm matrix. The stereomicroscope provides a three-dimensional view of the sample, allowing detailed observation of the structure, thickness, morphology, and distribution of the various species in the biofilm while CLSM provides information on its three-dimensional architecture, microbial composition, and dynamic development. Electron microscopy, scanning (SEM) or transmission (TEM), allows the high-resolution investigation of the architecture of the biofilm, analyzing the bacterial population, the extracellular polymeric matrix (EPS), and the mechanisms of the physical and chemical forces that contribute to the adhesion of the biofilm to the substrates, on a nanometric scale. More advanced microscopic methodologies, such as scanning transmission electron microscopy (STEM), high-resolution transmission electron microscopy (HR-TEM), and correlative microscopy, have enabled the evaluation of antibacterial treatments, due to the potential to reveal the efficacy of different molecules in breaking down the biofilm. In conclusion, evidence based on scientific literature shows that established microscopic methods represent the most common tools used to characterize biofilm and its morphology in oral microbiology. Further protocols and studies on the application of advanced microscopic techniques are needed to obtain precise details on the microbiological and pathological aspects of oral biofilm.
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Affiliation(s)
- Davide Gerardi
- Department of Life, Health and Environmental Sciences, University of L'Aquila, L'Aquila, Italy
| | - Sara Bernardi
- Department of Life, Health and Environmental Sciences, University of L'Aquila, L'Aquila, Italy
| | - Angelo Bruni
- Department of Biotechnological and Applied Clinical Sciences, University of L'Aquila, L'Aquila, Italy
| | - Giovanni Falisi
- Department of Life, Health and Environmental Sciences, University of L'Aquila, L'Aquila, Italy
| | - Gianluca Botticelli
- Department of Life, Health and Environmental Sciences, University of L'Aquila, L'Aquila, Italy
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Surur AK, de Oliveira AB, De Annunzio SR, Ferrisse TM, Fontana CR. Bacterial resistance to antimicrobial photodynamic therapy: A critical update. JOURNAL OF PHOTOCHEMISTRY AND PHOTOBIOLOGY. B, BIOLOGY 2024; 255:112905. [PMID: 38703452 DOI: 10.1016/j.jphotobiol.2024.112905] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/01/2023] [Revised: 03/06/2024] [Accepted: 04/04/2024] [Indexed: 05/06/2024]
Abstract
Bacterial antibiotic resistance is one of the most significant challenges for public health. The increase in bacterial resistance, mainly due to microorganisms harmful to health, and the need to search for alternative treatments to contain infections that cannot be treated by conventional antibiotic therapy has been aroused. An alternative widely studied in recent decades is antimicrobial photodynamic therapy (aPDT), a treatment that can eliminate microorganisms through oxidative stress. Although this therapy has shown satisfactory results in infection control, it is still controversial in the scientific community whether bacteria manage to develop resistance after successive applications of aPDT. Thus, this work provides an overview of the articles that performed successive aPDT applications in models using bacteria published since 2010, focusing on sublethal dose cycles, highlighting the main PSs tested, and addressing the possible mechanisms for developing tolerance or resistance to aPDT, such as efflux pumps, biofilm formation, OxyR and SoxRS systems, catalase and superoxide dismutase enzymes and quorum sensing.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amanda Koberstain Surur
- São Paulo State University (UNESP), School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Department of Clinical Analysis, Araraquara, São Paulo, Brazil.
| | - Analú Barros de Oliveira
- São Paulo State University (UNESP), School of Dentistry, Department of Dental Materials and Prosthodontics, Araraquara, São Paulo, Brazil.
| | - Sarah Raquel De Annunzio
- São Paulo State University (UNESP), School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Department of Clinical Analysis, Araraquara, São Paulo, Brazil.
| | - Túlio Morandin Ferrisse
- São Paulo State University (UNESP), School of Dentistry, Department of Dental Materials and Prosthodontics, Araraquara, São Paulo, Brazil.
| | - Carla Raquel Fontana
- São Paulo State University (UNESP), School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Department of Clinical Analysis, Araraquara, São Paulo, Brazil.
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Zheng N, Xie Y, Zhou M, Liu Y, Xu H, Zeng R, Wan C, Li M. Utilizing the photodynamic properties of curcumin to disrupt biofilms in Cutibacterium acnes: A promising approach for treating acne. Photodiagnosis Photodyn Ther 2024; 45:103928. [PMID: 38070633 DOI: 10.1016/j.pdpdt.2023.103928] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/01/2023] [Revised: 11/27/2023] [Accepted: 12/06/2023] [Indexed: 02/15/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The treatment of acne vulgaris is often challenging due to the antibiotic resistance frequently observed in Cutibacterium acnes (C.acnes), a prevalent bacterium linked to this condition. OBJECTIVE The objective of this research was to examine the impact of curcumin photodynamic therapy (PDT) on the survival of C.acnes and activity of biofilms produced by this microorganism. METHODS Following the Clinical and Laboratory Standards Institute (CLSI) guidelines, we assessed the drug sensitivity of 25 clinical C.acnes strains to five antibiotics (erythromycin, clindamycin, tetracycline, doxycycline, minocycline) and curcumin by implementing the broth microdilution technique. In addition, we established C.acnes biofilms in a laboratory setting and subjected them to curcumin-PDT(curcumin combined with blue light of 180 J/cm2). Afterwards, we evaluated their viability using the XTT assay and observed them using confocal laser scanning microscopy. RESULTS The result revealed varying resistance rates among the tested antibiotics and curcumin, with erythromycin, clindamycin, tetracycline, doxycycline, minocycline, and curcumin exhibiting resistance rates of 72 %, 44 %, 36 %, 28 %, 0 %, and 100 %, respectively. In the curcumin-PDT inhibition tests against four representative antibiotic-resistant strains, it was found that the survival rate of all strains of planktonic C. acnes was reduced, and the higher the concentration of curcumin, the lower the survival rate. Furthermore, in the biofilm inhibition tests, the vitality and three-dimensional structure of the biofilms were disrupted, and the inhibitory effect became more significant with higher concentrations of curcumin. CONCLUSION The results emphasize the possibility of using curcumin PDT as an alternative approach for the treatment of C.acnes, especially in instances of antibiotic-resistant variations and infections related to biofilms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nana Zheng
- Department of Dermatology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 210003, China
| | - Yuanyuan Xie
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Molecular Biology for Skin Diseases and STIs, Institute of Dermatology, Center for Global Health, School of Public Health, Nanjing Medical University, Hospital for Skin Diseases, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, 12 Jiang Wang Miao Street, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210042, China
| | - Meng Zhou
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Molecular Biology for Skin Diseases and STIs, Institute of Dermatology, Center for Global Health, School of Public Health, Nanjing Medical University, Hospital for Skin Diseases, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, 12 Jiang Wang Miao Street, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210042, China
| | - Yuzhen Liu
- Department of Dermatology, The Affiliated Jiangning Hospital with Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 211100, China
| | - Haoxiang Xu
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Molecular Biology for Skin Diseases and STIs, Institute of Dermatology, Center for Global Health, School of Public Health, Nanjing Medical University, Hospital for Skin Diseases, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, 12 Jiang Wang Miao Street, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210042, China
| | - Rong Zeng
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Molecular Biology for Skin Diseases and STIs, Institute of Dermatology, Center for Global Health, School of Public Health, Nanjing Medical University, Hospital for Skin Diseases, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, 12 Jiang Wang Miao Street, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210042, China; Department of Dermatology, Yunnan Provincia Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, 120 Guanghua Street, Kunming, Yunnan 650000, China.
| | - Chunping Wan
- Department of Dermatology, Yunnan Provincia Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, 120 Guanghua Street, Kunming, Yunnan 650000, China; Traditional Chinese Medicine Hospital of Chuxiong, Yunnan, 675000, PR China.
| | - Min Li
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Molecular Biology for Skin Diseases and STIs, Institute of Dermatology, Center for Global Health, School of Public Health, Nanjing Medical University, Hospital for Skin Diseases, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, 12 Jiang Wang Miao Street, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210042, China.
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Tasso CO, Ribas BR, Ferrisse TM, de Oliveira JS, Jorge JH. Cryptocarya moschata extract decreases single and mixed biofilms on acrylic resins. Oral Dis 2024. [PMID: 38287486 DOI: 10.1111/odi.14858] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/10/2023] [Revised: 12/15/2023] [Accepted: 12/21/2023] [Indexed: 01/31/2024]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE This study proposed to assess the effect of Cryptocarya moschata extract on single and mixed biofilms formed on denture base and reline acrylic resin. MATERIALS AND METHODS Single and mixed biofilms of Candida albicans and Streptococcus mutans were formed on the samples and treated with C. moschata extract; Nystatin solution at 100,000 IU/mL or Penicillin antibiotic solution at 100,000 IU/mL; or PBS solution. Antimicrobial activity was analyzed by counting colony-forming units, metabolism assay, assessment of protein components of the biofilm matrix, and of cell viability using confocal laser scanning microscopy (CLSM). Data were submitted to ANOVA and Tukey's post-test (α = 0.05). RESULTS Cryptocarya moschata extract reduced cell viability of C. albicans and S. mutans single and mixed biofilms formed on samples. For all types of biofilms in the C. moschata group, there was a log reduction of the biofilm, proven by the Alamar Blue assay. Analyzing the extracellular matrix protein components, groups treated with the extract exhibited a lower level of fluorescence compared to the PBS groups. Reduction in thickness biofilm and viable cells was perceptible in the C. moschata group when assessing through CLSM. CONCLUSION Cryptocarya moschata extract reduced the single and mixed biofilms of C. albicans and S. mutans on acrylic resins.
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Affiliation(s)
- Camilla Olga Tasso
- Department of Dental Materials and Prosthodontics, School of Dentistry, São Paulo State University (UNESP), Araraquara, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Beatriz Ribeiro Ribas
- Department of Dental Materials and Prosthodontics, School of Dentistry, São Paulo State University (UNESP), Araraquara, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Túlio Morandin Ferrisse
- Department of Dental Materials and Prosthodontics, School of Dentistry, São Paulo State University (UNESP), Araraquara, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Jonatas Silva de Oliveira
- Department of Dental Materials and Prosthodontics, School of Dentistry, São Paulo State University (UNESP), Araraquara, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Janaina Habib Jorge
- Department of Dental Materials and Prosthodontics, School of Dentistry, São Paulo State University (UNESP), Araraquara, São Paulo, Brazil
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Aghili SS, Jahangirnia A, Alam M, Oskouei AB, Golkar M, Badkoobeh A, Abbasi K, Mohammadikhah M, Karami S, Soufdoost RS, Namanloo RA, Talebi S, Amookhteh S, Hemmat M, Sadeghi S. The effect of photodynamic therapy in controlling the oral biofilm: A comprehensive overview. J Basic Microbiol 2023; 63:1319-1347. [PMID: 37726220 DOI: 10.1002/jobm.202300400] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/14/2023] [Revised: 08/16/2023] [Accepted: 08/26/2023] [Indexed: 09/21/2023]
Abstract
Several resistance mechanisms are involved in dental caries, including oral biofilms. An accumulation of bacteria on the surface of teeth is called plaque. Periodontitis and gingivitis are caused by dental plaque. In this review article, we aimed to review the studies associated with the application of photodynamic therapy (PDT) to prevent and treat various microbial biofilm-caused oral diseases in recent decades. There are several studies published in PubMed that have described antimicrobial photodynamic therapy (APDT) effects on microorganisms. Several in vitro and in vivo studies have demonstrated the potential of APDT for treating endodontic, periodontal, and mucosal infections caused by bacteria as biofilms. Reactive oxygen species (ROS) are activated in the presence of oxygen by integrating a nontoxic photosensitizer (PS) with appropriate wavelength visible light. By causing irreversible damage to microorganisms, ROS induces some biological and photochemical events. Testing several wavelengths has been conducted to identify potential PS for APDT. A standard protocol is not yet available, and the current review summarizes findings from dental studies on APDT.
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Affiliation(s)
- Seyedeh Sara Aghili
- Student Research Committee, School of Dentistry, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
| | | | - Mostafa Alam
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, School of Dentistry, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Asal Bagherzadeh Oskouei
- Dental Research Center, Research Institute of Dental Sciences, School of Dentistry, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mohsen Golkar
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, School of Dentistry, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Ashkan Badkoobeh
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, School of Dentistry, Qom University of Medical Sciences, Qom, Iran
| | - Kamyar Abbasi
- Department of Prosthodontics, School of Dentistry, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Meysam Mohammadikhah
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, School of Dentistry, Alborz University of Medical Sciences, Karaj, Iran
| | | | | | | | - Sahar Talebi
- Student Research Committee, School of Dentistry, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
| | - Samira Amookhteh
- Student Research Committee, School of Dentistry, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
| | - Maryam Hemmat
- Student Research Committee, School of Dentistry, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
| | - Sima Sadeghi
- Student Research Committee, School of Dentistry, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
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Piksa M, Lian C, Samuel IC, Pawlik KJ, Samuel IDW, Matczyszyn K. The role of the light source in antimicrobial photodynamic therapy. Chem Soc Rev 2023; 52:1697-1722. [PMID: 36779328 DOI: 10.1039/d0cs01051k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 49.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/14/2023]
Abstract
Antimicrobial photodynamic therapy (APDT) is a promising approach to fight the growing problem of antimicrobial resistance that threatens health care, food security and agriculture. APDT uses light to excite a light-activated chemical (photosensitiser), leading to the generation of reactive oxygen species (ROS). Many APDT studies confirm its efficacy in vitro and in vivo against bacteria, fungi, viruses and parasites. However, the development of the field is focused on exploring potential targets and developing new photosensitisers. The role of light, a crucial element for ROS production, has been neglected. What are the main parameters essential for effective photosensitiser activation? Does an optimal light radiant exposure exist? And finally, which light source is best? Many reports have described the promising antibacterial effects of APDT in vitro, however, its application in vivo, especially in clinical settings remains very limited. The restricted availability may partially be due to a lack of standard conditions or protocols, arising from the diversity of selected photosensitising agents (PS), variable testing conditions including light sources used for PS activation and methods of measuring anti-bacterial activity and their effectiveness in treating bacterial infections. We thus sought to systematically review and examine the evidence from existing studies on APDT associated with the light source used. We show how the reduction of pathogens depends on the light source applied, radiant exposure and irradiance of light used, and type of pathogen, and so critically appraise the current state of development of APDT and areas to be addressed in future studies. We anticipate that further standardisation of the experimental conditions will help the field advance, and suggest key optical and biological parameters that should be reported in all APDT studies. More in vivo and clinical studies are needed and are expected to be facilitated by advances in light sources, leading to APDT becoming a sustainable, alternative therapeutic option for bacterial and other microbial infections in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marta Piksa
- Ludwik Hirszfeld Institute of Immunology and Experimental Therapy, Polish Academy of Science, Weigla 12, 53-114, Wroclaw, Poland
| | - Cheng Lian
- Organic Semiconductor Centre, SUPA, School of Physics and Astronomy, University of St Andrews, Fife, KY16 9SS, UK.
| | - Imogen C Samuel
- School of Medicine, University of Manchester, Manchester, M13 9PL, UK
| | - Krzysztof J Pawlik
- Ludwik Hirszfeld Institute of Immunology and Experimental Therapy, Polish Academy of Science, Weigla 12, 53-114, Wroclaw, Poland
| | - Ifor D W Samuel
- Organic Semiconductor Centre, SUPA, School of Physics and Astronomy, University of St Andrews, Fife, KY16 9SS, UK.
| | - Katarzyna Matczyszyn
- Institute of Advanced Materials, Faculty of Chemistry, Wroclaw University of Science and Technology, Wyb. Wyspianskiego 27, 50-370 Wroclaw, Poland.
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Du M, Yi Y, Yin Y, Cai Z, Cai W, Li J, He G, Zhang J. Bacteria-triggered photodynamic nano-system based on hematoporphyrin-modified chitosan for sustainable plant disease control. Eur Polym J 2023. [DOI: 10.1016/j.eurpolymj.2023.112035] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/30/2023]
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Garcia de Carvalho G, Pacheco Mateo R, Costa E Silva R, Maquera Huacho PM, de Souza Rastelli AN, de Oliveira KT, Chierici Marcantonio RA, Zandim-Barcelos DL, Palomari Spolidorio DM. Chlorin-based photosensitizer under blue or red-light irradiation against multi-species biofilms related to periodontitis. Photodiagnosis Photodyn Ther 2022; 41:103219. [PMID: 36473689 DOI: 10.1016/j.pdpdt.2022.103219] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/05/2022] [Revised: 10/17/2022] [Accepted: 11/29/2022] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
In our previous study, Chlorin-e6 (Ce6) demonstrated a significant reduction of microorganisms' viability against single-species biofilm related to periodontitis once irradiated by red light (660 nm). Also, higher bacteria elimination was observed under blue light (450 nm) irradiation. However, the use of blue light irradiation of Ce6 for antimicrobial administration is poorly explored. This study evaluated the effect of chlorin-e6-mediated antimicrobial photodynamic therapy (aPDT) using different wavelengths (450 or 660 nm) against multi-species biofilms related to periodontitis. Streptococcus oralis, Fusobacterium nucleatum, Porphyromonas gingivalis, and Aggregatibacter actinomycetemcomitans composed the mature biofilm developed under proper conditions for five days. aPDT was performed using different concentrations of Ce6 (100 and 200 μM), wavelengths (450 or 660 nm), and comparisons were made after qPCR assay and confocal laser scanning microscopy (CLSM) analysis. The greatest bacterial elimination was observed in the groups where Ce6 was used with blue light, for S. orallis (2.05 Log10 GeQ mL-1, p < 0.0001) and P. gingivalis (1.4 Log10 GeQ mL-1, p < 0.0001), aPDT with red light showed significant bacteria reduction only for S. orallis. aPDT with blue light demonstrated statistically higher elimination in comparison with aPDT with red light. The aPDT did not show a statistically significant effect when tested against A. actinomycetemcomitans and F. nucleatum (p=0.776 and 0.988, respectively). The aPDT using blue light showed a promising higher photobiological effect, encouraging researchers to consider it in the irradiation of Ce6 for further investigations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gabriel Garcia de Carvalho
- Department of Diagnosis and Surgery, School of Dentistry, São Paulo State University (UNESP), Rua Humaitá, 1680, Araraquara, SP 14801-903, Brazil
| | - Rafaela Pacheco Mateo
- Department of Diagnosis and Surgery, School of Dentistry, São Paulo State University (UNESP), Rua Humaitá, 1680, Araraquara, SP 14801-903, Brazil
| | - Rodrigo Costa E Silva
- Department of Chemistry, Federal University of São Carlos (UFSCar), São Carlos, SP 13565-905, Brazil
| | - Patricia Milagros Maquera Huacho
- Department of Physiology and Pathology, School of Dentistry, São Paulo State University (UNESP), Rua Humaitá, 1680, Araraquara, SP 14801-903, Brazil
| | - Alessandra Nara de Souza Rastelli
- Department of Restorative Dentistry, School of Dentistry, São Paulo State University (UNESP), Rua Humaitá, 1680, Araraquara, SP 14801-903, Brazil
| | - Kleber Thiago de Oliveira
- Department of Chemistry, Federal University of São Carlos (UFSCar), São Carlos, SP 13565-905, Brazil
| | | | - Daniela Leal Zandim-Barcelos
- Department of Diagnosis and Surgery, School of Dentistry, São Paulo State University (UNESP), Rua Humaitá, 1680, Araraquara, SP 14801-903, Brazil
| | - Denise Madalena Palomari Spolidorio
- Department of Physiology and Pathology, School of Dentistry, São Paulo State University (UNESP), Rua Humaitá, 1680, Araraquara, SP 14801-903, Brazil.
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10
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Spahr A, Divnic‐Resnik T. Impact of health and lifestyle food supplements on periodontal tissues and health. Periodontol 2000 2022; 90:146-175. [PMID: 35916868 PMCID: PMC9804634 DOI: 10.1111/prd.12455] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Abstract
According to the new classification, periodontitis is defined as a chronic multifactorial inflammatory disease associated with dysbiotic biofilms and characterized by progressive destruction of the tooth-supporting apparatus. This definition, based on the current scientific evidence, clearly indicates and emphasizes, beside the microbial component dental biofilm, the importance of the inflammatory reaction in the progressive destruction of periodontal tissues. The idea to modulate this inflammatory reaction in order to decrease or even cease the progressive destruction was, therefore, a logical consequence. Attempts to achieve this goal involve various kinds of anti-inflammatory drugs or medications. However, there is also an increasing effort in using food supplements or so-called natural food ingredients to modulate patients' immune responses and maybe even improve the healing of periodontal tissues. The aim of this chapter of Periodontology 2000 is to review the evidence of various food supplements and ingredients regarding their possible effects on periodontal inflammation and wound healing. This review may help researchers and clinicians to evaluate the current evidence and to stimulate further research in this area.
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Affiliation(s)
- Axel Spahr
- Discipline of Periodontics, School of Dentistry, Faculty of Medicine and HealthThe University of SydneySydneyNew South WalesAustralia
| | - Tihana Divnic‐Resnik
- Discipline of Periodontics, School of Dentistry, Faculty of Medicine and HealthThe University of SydneySydneyNew South WalesAustralia
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Nunes LP, Nunes GP, Ferrisse TM, Strazzi-Sahyon HB, Cintra LTÂ, Dos Santos PH, Sivieri-Araujo G. Antimicrobial photodynamic therapy in endodontic reintervention: A systematic review and meta-analysis. Photodiagnosis Photodyn Ther 2022; 39:103014. [PMID: 35840008 DOI: 10.1016/j.pdpdt.2022.103014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/05/2022] [Revised: 07/08/2022] [Accepted: 07/11/2022] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND To evaluate the effectiveness of the use of antimicrobial photodynamic therapy (aPDT) in root canals disinfection in cases of endodontic retreatments. METHODS This Systematic Review was registered in PROSPERO (CRD42021260013) and followed the guidelines of the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analysis (PRISMA). Searches were performed in the electronic databases PubMeb, Scopus, Web of Science, Embase, Web of Science, Clinical Trials and Cochrane Library. Methodological quality and risk of bias were assessed by the Cochrane Risk of Bias tool for randomized clinical trials (RCT) and by the Newcastle-Ottawa (NOS) qualifier for non-RCT (prospective) studies. Meta-analysis was performed using R software, version 3.6.3 with the "META" package assistant by the RStudio platform. The odds ratio (OR) measure of effect was calculated and the random effect model was applied with a 95% confidence interval, and heterogeneity tested by the I2 index. The certainty of evidence was rated using GRADE. RESULTS Regarding the 1513 studies screened, 10 met the eligibility criteria and were included, and 8 used in the quantitative synthesis. Meta-analysis showed that all of studies data presented a significant difference before and after of antimicrobial photodynamic therapy in the microbial load reduction in secondary endondontic infections (OR 0.15 [0.07; 0.32], p < 0.0001). Overall, the studies had a low risk of bias and, the analysis of evidence by GRADE assessment was rated as moderate. CONCLUSION It is suggested that aPDT is a beneficial and promising tool, showing efficacy in reducing the microbial load in cases of endodontic retreatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Larissa Pereira Nunes
- Department of Preventive and Restorative Dentistry, Araçatuba School of Dentistry, São Paulo State University - UNESP, Rua José Bonifácio, 1193, Araçatuba, SP 16015-050, Brazil
| | - Gabriel Pereira Nunes
- Department of Preventive and Restorative Dentistry, Araçatuba School of Dentistry, São Paulo State University - UNESP, Rua José Bonifácio, 1193, Araçatuba, SP 16015-050, Brazil
| | - Túlio Morandin Ferrisse
- Department of Diagnosis and Surgery, School of Dentistry, São Paulo State University (UNESP), Araraquara, SP, Brazil
| | - Henrico Badaoui Strazzi-Sahyon
- Department of Dental Materials and Prosthodontics, Araçatuba School of Dentistry, São Paulo State University - UNESP, Araçatuba, SP, Brazil
| | - Luciano Tavares Ângelo Cintra
- Department of Preventive and Restorative Dentistry, Araçatuba School of Dentistry, São Paulo State University - UNESP, Rua José Bonifácio, 1193, Araçatuba, SP 16015-050, Brazil
| | - Paulo Henrique Dos Santos
- Department of Dental Materials and Prosthodontics, Araçatuba School of Dentistry, São Paulo State University - UNESP, Araçatuba, SP, Brazil
| | - Gustavo Sivieri-Araujo
- Department of Preventive and Restorative Dentistry, Araçatuba School of Dentistry, São Paulo State University - UNESP, Rua José Bonifácio, 1193, Araçatuba, SP 16015-050, Brazil.
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12
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A pH-Gated Functionalized Hollow Mesoporous Silica Delivery System for Photodynamic Sterilization in Staphylococcus aureus Biofilm. MATERIALS 2022; 15:ma15082815. [PMID: 35454508 PMCID: PMC9031160 DOI: 10.3390/ma15082815] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/16/2022] [Revised: 04/04/2022] [Accepted: 04/06/2022] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Multidrug-resistant bacteria are increasing, particularly those embedded in microbial biofilm. These bacteria account for most microbial infections in humans. Traditional antibiotic treatment has low efficiency in sterilization of biofilm-associated pathogens, and thus the development of new approaches is highly desired. In this study, amino-modified hollow mesoporous silica nanoparticles (AHMSN) were synthesized and used as the carrier to load natural photosensitizer curcumin (Cur). Then glutaraldehyde (GA) and polyethyleneimine (PEI) were used to seal the porous structure of AHMSN by the Schiff base reaction, forming positively charged AHMSN@GA@PEI@Cur. The Cur delivery system can smoothly diffuse into the negatively charged biofilm of Staphylococcus aureus (S. aureus). Then Cur can be released to the biofilm after the pH-gated cleavage of the Schiff base bond in the slightly acidic environment of the biofilm. After the release of the photosensitizer, the biofilm was irradiated by the blue LED light at a wavelength of 450 nm and a power of 37.4 mV/cm2 for 5 min. Compared with the control group, the number of viable bacteria in the biofilm was reduced by 98.20%. Therefore, the constructed pH-gated photosensitizer delivery system can efficiently target biofilm-associated pathogens and be used for photodynamic sterilization, without the production of antibiotic resistance.
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13
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Advances in photodynamic antimicrobial chemotherapy. JOURNAL OF PHOTOCHEMISTRY AND PHOTOBIOLOGY C: PHOTOCHEMISTRY REVIEWS 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jphotochemrev.2021.100452] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
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14
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Etemadi A, Hamidain M, Parker S, Chiniforush N. Blue Light Photodynamic Therapy With Curcumin and Riboflavin in the Management of Periodontitis: A Systematic Review. J Lasers Med Sci 2021; 12:e15. [PMID: 34733738 DOI: 10.34172/jlms.2021.15] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Introduction: The aim of this article was to evaluate reports in the scientific literature that used antimicrobial photodynamic therapy (aPDT) with a blue light source and curcumin and riboflavin as photosensitizers in the management of periodontitis. Methods: The search was conducted in electronic databases, including PubMed, Web of Science, and Scopus, with the keywords "photodynamic therapy", "antimicrobial photodynamic therapy", "laser activated disinfection", "photoactivated disinfection", "light activated disinfection" "LED", "Periodontitis", "Curcumin", "Riboflavin", and "periodontitis" from 2012 to 2020. Results: After evaluating a total of 24 relevant articles, 13 articles were selected, full texts were read, and the data were extracted and placed in a table. Conclusion: Reviewing articles showed that curcumin as a photosensitizer activated by a blue wavelength is effective in the elimination of the various bacterial species involved in periodontal disease, and to the best of our knowledge, there is no study that has shown this substance does not reduce bacteria. According to the result of the articles, riboflavin as a photosensitizer activated by blue light can reduce bacteria that are involved in periodontitis, but other studies have reported that blue light alone can also reduce bacteria significantly. Therefore, more in-vitro and clinical trial studies are needed to give a more conclusive opinion on the effectiveness of riboflavin as a photosensitizer in the treatment of periodontitis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ardavan Etemadi
- Department of Periodontics, Faculty of Dentistry, Tehran Medical Sciences, Islamic Azad University, Laser Research Center of Dentistry, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mehdi Hamidain
- Faculty of Dentistry, Tehran Medical Sciences, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran
| | - Steven Parker
- Leicester School of Pharmacy, De Montfort University, Leicester UK
| | - Nasim Chiniforush
- Dental Implant Research Center, Dentistry Research Institute, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
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15
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Parhi S, Pal S, Das SK, Ghosh P. Strategies toward development of antimicrobial biomaterials for dental healthcare applications. Biotechnol Bioeng 2021; 118:4590-4622. [PMID: 34599764 DOI: 10.1002/bit.27948] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/28/2021] [Revised: 08/19/2021] [Accepted: 09/26/2021] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
Several approaches for elimination of oral pathogens are being explored at the present time since oral diseases remain prevalent affecting approximately 3.5 billion people worldwide. Need for antimicrobial biomaterials in dental healthcare include but is not restricted to designing resin composites and adhesives for prevention of dental caries. Constant efforts are also being made to develop antimicrobial strategies for clearance of endodontic space prior root canal treatment and for treatment of periimplantitis and periodontitis. This article discusses various conventional and nanotechnology-based strategies to achieve antimicrobial efficacy in dental biomaterials. Recent developments in the design and synthesis of antimicrobial peptides and antifouling zwitterionic polymers to effectively lessen the risks of antimicrobial drug resistance are also outlined in this review. Further, the role of contemporary strategies such as use of smart biomaterials, ionic solvent-based biomaterials and quorum quenchers incorporated biomaterials in the elimination of dental pathogens are described in detail. Lastly, we mentioned the approach of using polymers to print custom-made three-dimensional antibacterial dental products via additive manufacturing technologies. This review provides a critical perspective on the chemical, biomimetic, and engineering strategies intended for developing antimicrobial biomaterials that have the potential to substantially improve the dental health.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shivangi Parhi
- Division of Structural Biology and Bioinformatics, CSIR-Indian Institute of Chemical Biology, Kolkata, India.,Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), AcSIR Headquarters CSIR-HRDC Campus, Ghaziabad, India
| | - Sreyasi Pal
- Division of Structural Biology and Bioinformatics, CSIR-Indian Institute of Chemical Biology, Kolkata, India
| | - Sujoy K Das
- Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), AcSIR Headquarters CSIR-HRDC Campus, Ghaziabad, India.,Division of Infectious Diseases and Immunology, CSIR-Indian Institute of Chemical Biology, Kolkata, India
| | - Paulomi Ghosh
- Division of Structural Biology and Bioinformatics, CSIR-Indian Institute of Chemical Biology, Kolkata, India.,Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), AcSIR Headquarters CSIR-HRDC Campus, Ghaziabad, India
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16
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Trigo-Gutierrez JK, Vega-Chacón Y, Soares AB, Mima EGDO. Antimicrobial Activity of Curcumin in Nanoformulations: A Comprehensive Review. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:7130. [PMID: 34281181 PMCID: PMC8267827 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22137130] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/20/2021] [Revised: 06/21/2021] [Accepted: 06/28/2021] [Indexed: 01/10/2023] Open
Abstract
Curcumin (CUR) is a natural substance extracted from turmeric that has antimicrobial properties. Due to its ability to absorb light in the blue spectrum, CUR is also used as a photosensitizer (PS) in antimicrobial Photodynamic Therapy (aPDT). However, CUR is hydrophobic, unstable in solutions, and has low bioavailability, which hinders its clinical use. To circumvent these drawbacks, drug delivery systems (DDSs) have been used. In this review, we summarize the DDSs used to carry CUR and their antimicrobial effect against viruses, bacteria, and fungi, including drug-resistant strains and emergent pathogens such as SARS-CoV-2. The reviewed DDSs include colloidal (micelles, liposomes, nanoemulsions, cyclodextrins, chitosan, and other polymeric nanoparticles), metallic, and mesoporous particles, as well as graphene, quantum dots, and hybrid nanosystems such as films and hydrogels. Free (non-encapsulated) CUR and CUR loaded in DDSs have a broad-spectrum antimicrobial action when used alone or as a PS in aPDT. They also show low cytotoxicity, in vivo biocompatibility, and improved wound healing. Although there are several in vitro and some in vivo investigations describing the nanotechnological aspects and the potential antimicrobial application of CUR-loaded DDSs, clinical trials are not reported and further studies should translate this evidence to the clinical scenarios of infections.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Ewerton Garcia de Oliveira Mima
- Laboratory of Applied Microbiology, Department of Dental Materials and Prosthodontics, School of Dentistry, São Paulo State University (Unesp), Araraquara 14800-000, Brazil; (J.K.T.-G.); (Y.V.-C.); (A.B.S.)
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17
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Li Y, Jiao J, Qi Y, Yu W, Yang S, Zhang J, Zhao J. Curcumin: A review of experimental studies and mechanisms related to periodontitis treatment. J Periodontal Res 2021; 56:837-847. [PMID: 34173676 DOI: 10.1111/jre.12914] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/29/2021] [Revised: 05/14/2021] [Accepted: 06/16/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Curcumin is the main active ingredient of turmeric, which has a wide range of pharmacological effects, including antitumor, antibacterial, anti-inflammatory, anti-oxidation, immune regulation, and so on. Periodontitis is a prevalent oral inflammatory disease caused by a variety of factors. In recent years, many studies have shown that curcumin has a potential role on the treatment of periodontitis. Curcumin has been used in research related to the treatment of periodontitis in the form of solution, chip, gel, and capsule. Combined with other periodontitis treatment methods, such as scaling and root planing (SRP) and photodynamic therapy (PDT), can enhance curcumin's efficacy in treating periodontitis. In addition to natural curcumin, chemically modified curcumin, such as 4-phenylaminocarbonyl bis-demethoxy curcumin (CMC 2.24) and 4-methoxycarbonyl curcumin (CMC 2.5), have also been used in animal models of periodontitis. Here, this paper reviews the research progress of curcumin on the treatment of periodontitis and its related mechanisms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yongli Li
- Hospital of Stomatology, Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Junjie Jiao
- Hospital of Stomatology, Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Yuanzheng Qi
- Hospital of Stomatology, Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Wanqi Yu
- Hospital of Stomatology, Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Shihui Yang
- Hospital of Stomatology, Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Jingjie Zhang
- Hospital of Stomatology, Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Jinghui Zhao
- Hospital of Stomatology, Jilin University, Changchun, China
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18
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Tonon CC, Ashraf S, Alburquerque JQ, de Souza Rastelli AN, Hasan T, Lyons AM, Greer A. Antimicrobial Photodynamic Inactivation Using Topical and Superhydrophobic Sensitizer Techniques: A Perspective from Diffusion in Biofilms †. Photochem Photobiol 2021; 97:1266-1277. [PMID: 34097752 PMCID: PMC10375486 DOI: 10.1111/php.13461] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2021] [Accepted: 06/04/2021] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
This review describes nanoparticle and dye diffusion in bacterial biofilms in the context of antimicrobial photodynamic inactivation (aPDI). aPDI requires the diffusion of a photosensitizer (Sens) into the biofilm and subsequent photoactivation of oxygen for the generation of reactive oxygen species (ROS) that inactivate microbes. Molecular diffusion in biofilms has been long investigated, whereas this review is intended to draw a logical link between diffusion in biofilms and ROS, a combination that leads to the current state of aPDI and superhydrophobic aPDI (SH-aPDI). This review should be of interest to photochemists, photobiologists and researchers in material and antimicrobial sciences as is ties together conventional aPDI with the emerging subject of SH-aPDI.
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Affiliation(s)
- Caroline Coradi Tonon
- Wellman Center for Photomedicine, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Shoaib Ashraf
- Wellman Center for Photomedicine, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - José Quílez Alburquerque
- Wellman Center for Photomedicine, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA.,Department of Organic Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry, Complutense University of Madrid (UCM), Madrid, Spain
| | - Alessandra Nara de Souza Rastelli
- Wellman Center for Photomedicine, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA.,Department of Restorative Dentistry, School of Dentistry, São Paulo State University-UNESP, Araraquara, SP, Brazil
| | - Tayyaba Hasan
- Wellman Center for Photomedicine, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA.,Division of Health Sciences and Technology, Harvard University and Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA, USA
| | - Alan M Lyons
- Department of Chemistry, College of Staten Island, City University of New York, Staten Island, NY, USA.,Ph.D. Program in Chemistry, The Graduate Center of the City University of New York, New York, NY, USA.,SingletO2 Therapeutics LLC, New York, NY, USA
| | - Alexander Greer
- Ph.D. Program in Chemistry, The Graduate Center of the City University of New York, New York, NY, USA.,SingletO2 Therapeutics LLC, New York, NY, USA.,Department of Chemistry, Brooklyn College, City University of New York, Brooklyn, NY, USA
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19
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Abstract
The recent development of several methods for extracting curcumin from the root of the plant Curcuma longa has led to intensified research on the properties of curcumin and its fields of application. Following the studies and the accreditation of curcumin as a natural compound with antifungal, antiviral, and antibacterial properties, new fields of application have been developed in two main directions—food and medical, respectively. This review paper aims to synthesize the fields of application of curcumin as an additive for the prevention of spoilage, safety, and quality of food. Simultaneously, it aims to present curcumin as an additive in products for the prevention of bacterial infections and health care. In both cases, the types of curcumin formulations in the form of (nano)emulsions, (nano)particles, or (nano)composites are presented, depending on the field and conditions of exploitation or their properties to be used. The diversity of composite materials that can be designed, depending on the purpose of use, leaves open the field of research on the conditioning of curcumin. Various biomaterials active from the antibacterial and antibiofilm point of view can be intuited in which curcumin acts as an additive that potentiates the activities of other compounds or has a synergistic activity with them.
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20
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Wang D, Pan H, Yan Y, Zhang F. Rose bengal-mediated photodynamic inactivation against periodontopathogens in vitro. Photodiagnosis Photodyn Ther 2021; 34:102250. [PMID: 33711535 DOI: 10.1016/j.pdpdt.2021.102250] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/07/2021] [Revised: 02/25/2021] [Accepted: 03/05/2021] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The main goal of periodontal therapy is to eliminate the spread of infection in the periodontium. Antimicrobial photodynamic therapy (aPDT) is a bactericidal method that has been recently introduced for controlling periodontal infection. The aim of this in vitro study was to evaluate the effect of aPDT using a combination of medium-power blue light-emitting diodes (LEDs) and rose bengal (RB) on selected key periodontopathogens. METHODS Porphyromonas gingivalis ATCC33277, Aggregatibacter actinomycetemcomitans ATCC29523 and Fusobacterium nucleatum ATCC10953 were used in the experiments. Each bacterial suspension was irradiated with a blue LED (BL) (450-470 nm, output power density of 1.2 W/cm2) for 20-60 s (6-18 J/cm2), treated with RB (1 min), or subjected to a combination of RB treatment and BL irradiation (40 s, 12 J/cm2). All bacterial suspensions were serially diluted, plated and incubated anaerobically or microaerobically, and the numbers of colony-forming units (CFUs) were counted on day 7. One-way analysis of variance (ANOVA) and Tukey's HSD tests were used for statistical analysis. RESULTS Treatment with BL irradiation from 6 to 18 J/cm2 did not significantly reduce the number of CFUs, whereas treatment with RB alone induced a low-to-high reduction in the bacterial CFUs in a dye concentration-dependent manner. Furthermore, the difference in the effects obtained with 16 μg/mL and 160 μg/mL RB was not statistically significant. Treatment with the BL at 12 J/cm2 combined with 160 μg/mL RB yielded maximal log reductions of 3.03, 4.2 and 2.23 in P. gingivalis, A. actinomycetemcomitans and F. nucleatum CFUs, respectively. CONCLUSION Within the limits of this study, the three periodontal pathogens, especially A. actinomycetemcomitans, were susceptible to photodynamic inactivation by the combination of the BL and RB. RB-mediated aPDT may offer a viable alternative tool for periodontal pathogen treatment, especially for A. actinomycetemcomitans eradication. aPDT may be a valuable tool for the treatment of periodontal diseases, particularly those in which A. actinomycetemcomitans is a dominating pathogen.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dongqing Wang
- VIP Clinic and Multi-Disciplinary Treatment Center, Beijing Stomatological Hospital & School of Stomotology, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China.
| | - Hui Pan
- Department of Periodontology, Beijing Stomatological Hospital & School of Stomotology, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Yuwei Yan
- Department of Implantology, Beijing Stomatological Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Fengqiu Zhang
- Department of Periodontology, Beijing Stomatological Hospital & School of Stomotology, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
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