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Bahr AC, Naasani LIS, de Gregório E, Wink MR, da Rosa Araujo AS, Turck P, Dal Lago P. Photobiomodulation improves cell survival and death parameters in cardiomyocytes exposed to hypoxia/reoxygenation. JOURNAL OF PHOTOCHEMISTRY AND PHOTOBIOLOGY. B, BIOLOGY 2024; 258:112991. [PMID: 39033547 DOI: 10.1016/j.jphotobiol.2024.112991] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/09/2024] [Revised: 07/01/2024] [Accepted: 07/15/2024] [Indexed: 07/23/2024]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Cardiovascular diseases are the leading cause of morbidity and mortality worldwide. Ischemic heart disease is one of the most harmful conditions to cellular structure and function. After reperfusion treatment, a spectrum of adverse effects becomes evident, encompassing altered cell viability, heightened oxidative stress, activated autophagy, and increased apoptosis. Photobiomodulation (PBM) has been utilized in experimental models of cardiac hypoxia to enhance mitochondrial response and ameliorate biochemical changes in injured tissue. However, the effects of PBM on cultured cardiomyocytes subjected to hypoxia/reoxygenation are not yet well established. METHOD H9C2 cardiomyocytes were exposed to hypoxia with concentrations of 300 μM CoCl2 for 24 h, followed by 16 h of reoxygenation through incubation in a normoxic medium. Treatment was conducted using GaAIAs Laser (850 nm) after hypoxia at an intensity of 1 J/cm2. Cells were divided into three groups: Group CT (cells maintained under normoxic conditions), Group HR (cells maintained in hypoxia and reoxygenation conditions without treatment), Group HR + PBM (cells maintained in hypoxia and reoxygenation conditions that underwent PBM treatment). Cell viability was analyzed using MTT, and protein expression was assessed by western blot. One-way ANOVA with the Tukey post hoc test was used for data analysis. Differences were significant when p < 0.05. RESULTS PBM at an intensity of 1 J/cm2 mitigated the alterations in cell survival caused by hypoxia/reoxygenation. Additionally, it significantly increased the expression of proteins Nrf2, HSP70, mTOR, LC3II, LC3II/I, and Caspase-9, while reducing the expression of PGC-1α, SOD2, xanthine oxidase, Beclin-1, LC3I, and Bax. CONCLUSION PBM at intensities of 1 J/cm2 reverses the changes related to oxidative stress, mitochondrial biogenesis, autophagy, and apoptosis caused by hypoxia and reoxygenation in a culture of cardiomyocytes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alan Christhian Bahr
- Experimental Physiology Laboratory, Graduate Program in Rehabilitation Sciences (PPG-CR), Universidade Federal de Ciências da Saúde de Porto Alegre (UFCSPA), Porto Alegre, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil; Department of Physiotherapy, UFCSPA, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil
| | - Liliana Ivet Sous Naasani
- Cell Biology Laboratory, Universidade Federal de Ciências da Saúde de Porto Alegre (UFCSPA), Porto Alegre, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil
| | - Elizama de Gregório
- Department of Physiology, Universidade Federal Rio Grande do Sul (UFRGS), Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil
| | - Márcia Rosângela Wink
- Cell Biology Laboratory, Universidade Federal de Ciências da Saúde de Porto Alegre (UFCSPA), Porto Alegre, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil
| | | | - Patrick Turck
- Department of Physiology, Universidade Federal Rio Grande do Sul (UFRGS), Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil
| | - Pedro Dal Lago
- Experimental Physiology Laboratory, Graduate Program in Rehabilitation Sciences (PPG-CR), Universidade Federal de Ciências da Saúde de Porto Alegre (UFCSPA), Porto Alegre, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil; Department of Physiotherapy, UFCSPA, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil.
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Plec EMRL, Bacelete VSB, Santos MAR, Gama ACC. Laryngeal photobiomodulation: application sites, interferences from body mass index and skin phototype. Codas 2024; 36:e20230333. [PMID: 39109706 PMCID: PMC11340875 DOI: 10.1590/2317-1782/20242023333en] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/22/2024] [Accepted: 04/22/2024] [Indexed: 08/15/2024] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE Establish points on the neck, correspondent to the laryngeal topography, where to apply Low Level Light therapy (LLLT), to evaluate the incidence of light through variables such as skin phototype and body mass index (BMI). METHODS This is a cross-sectional, analytical, observational study, carried out with 15 vocally healthy women, between 18 and 50 years of age, who were divided into three groups, according to BMI and skin phototype. Six anatomical reference points were established to locate the larynx and its musculature, with visual monitoring by videonasolaryngoscopy, to assess light reach (present/absent) and degree of illumination (from very weak to very strong) in the larynx during the LASER application at doses of 3J, 6J and 9J. A flexible endoscope was used for visual monitoring during the LASER application, and subsequent image analysis. RESULTS The light reached the larynx at doses of 3J, 6J and 9J, in the anterior commissure of the vocal folds, membranous (thyroarytenoid muscle) and cartilaginous portions of the vocal fold and the cricothyroid muscle. The degree of LASER light illumination decreased in overweight and obese participants and increased in moderate brown and dark brown skin phototypes. CONCLUSION Data suggest that the LLLT penetrates differently according to skin phototype and BMI, being more evident in individuals with Fitzpatrick IV and V phototypes and less evident with higher BMI levels. The evidence that the LASER light reaches the larynx in specific anatomical points provides direction for the standardization of its use in voice practice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elisa Meiti Ribeiro Lin Plec
- Programa de Pós-graduação em Ciências Fonoaudiológicas, Departamento de Fonoaudiologia, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais – UFMG - Belo Horizonte (MG), Brasil.
| | - Viviane Souza Bicalho Bacelete
- Programa de Pós-graduação em Ciências Fonoaudiológicas, Departamento de Fonoaudiologia, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais – UFMG - Belo Horizonte (MG), Brasil.
| | - Marco Aurélio Rocha Santos
- Departamento de Fonoaudiologia, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais – UFMG - Belo Horizonte (MG), Brasil.
| | - Ana Cristina Côrtes Gama
- Departamento de Fonoaudiologia, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais – UFMG - Belo Horizonte (MG), Brasil.
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Urazaliyeva A, Kanabekova P, Beisenbayev A, Kulsharova G, Atabaev T, Kim S, Lim CK. All organic nanomedicine for PDT-PTT combination therapy of cancer cells in hypoxia. Sci Rep 2024; 14:17507. [PMID: 39080400 PMCID: PMC11289472 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-024-68077-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/04/2024] [Accepted: 07/19/2024] [Indexed: 08/02/2024] Open
Abstract
Photodynamic and photothermal therapies are promising treatments for cancer, dermatological, and ophthalmological conditions. However, photodynamic therapy (PDT) is less effective in oxygen-deficient tumor environments. Combining PDT with photothermal therapy (PTT) can enhance oxygen supply and treatment efficacy. Inorganic PTT agents pose toxicity risks, limiting their clinical use despite their high performance. In this study, we developed a novel nanomedicine integrating an all-organic photothermal agent and an organic photosensitizer, creating a colocalized nanoplatform to enhance phototherapy efficacy in cancer treatment. PTT nanoparticles (NPs) were synthesized through a thermal phase transition of organic chromophores, demonstrating superior photothermal properties and photostability. Utilizing this nanoplatform, we devised 'Combi NPs' for combined PDT-PTT nanomedicine. Tests on A549 cancer cell lines have revealed that Combi NPs exhibit superior cytotoxicity and induce apoptosis in hypoxic conditions, outperforming PTT-only NPs. The all-organic Combi NPs show significant potential for clinical cancer phototherapy in hypoxic microenvironments, potentially mitigating long-term nanomedicine accumulation and associated toxicity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anel Urazaliyeva
- Department of Chemical and Materials Engineering, School of Engineering and Digital Sciences, Nazarbayev University, Astana, 010000, Kazakhstan
| | - Perizat Kanabekova
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, School of Engineering and Digital Sciences, Nazarbayev University, Astana, 010000, Kazakhstan
| | - Almaz Beisenbayev
- Department of Chemical and Materials Engineering, School of Engineering and Digital Sciences, Nazarbayev University, Astana, 010000, Kazakhstan
| | - Gulsim Kulsharova
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, School of Engineering and Digital Sciences, Nazarbayev University, Astana, 010000, Kazakhstan
| | - Timur Atabaev
- Department of Chemistry, Nazarbayev University, Astana, 010000, Kazakhstan
| | - Sehoon Kim
- Chemical and Biological Integrative Research Center, Korea Institute of Science and Technology, Seoul, 02792, Republic of Korea
| | - Chang-Keun Lim
- Department of Chemical and Materials Engineering, School of Engineering and Digital Sciences, Nazarbayev University, Astana, 010000, Kazakhstan.
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Hoh Kam J, Mitrofanis J. Glucose Improves the Efficacy of Photobiomodulation in Changing ATP and ROS Levels in Mouse Fibroblast Cell Cultures. Cells 2023; 12:2533. [PMID: 37947612 PMCID: PMC10648764 DOI: 10.3390/cells12212533] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/26/2023] [Revised: 10/16/2023] [Accepted: 10/25/2023] [Indexed: 11/12/2023] Open
Abstract
In this study, we tested the idea that photobiomodulation-the application of red to near infrared light (~λ = 600-1300 nm) to body tissues-is more effective in influencing cell metabolism when glucose is readily available. To this end, we used a mouse fibroblast (L-929) cell culture model and had two sets of conditions: non-stressed (10% FBS (foetal bovine serum)) and stressed (1% FBS), both either with or without glucose. We treated (or not) cells with photobiomodulation using an 810 nm laser at 15 mW/cm2 (~7.2 J/cm2). Our results showed that photobiomodulation was neither cytotoxic nor effective in enhancing measures of cell viability and proliferation, together with protein levels in any of the cell cultures. Photobiomodulation was, however, effective in increasing adenosine triphosphate (ATP) and decreasing reactive oxygen species (ROS) levels and this was-most importantly-only in conditions where glucose was present; corresponding cultures that did not contain glucose did not show these changes. In summary, we found that the benefits of photobiomodulation, in particular in changing ATP and ROS levels, were induced only when there was glucose available. Our findings lay a template for further explorations into the mechanisms of photobiomodulation, together with having considerable experimental and clinical implications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jaimie Hoh Kam
- Fonds de Dotation Clinatec, Grenoble Alpes University, 38000 Grenoble, France;
| | - John Mitrofanis
- Fonds de Dotation Clinatec, Grenoble Alpes University, 38000 Grenoble, France;
- Institute of Ophthalmology, University College London, London EC1V 9EL, UK
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Sutterby E, Chheang C, Thurgood P, Khoshmanesh K, Baratchi S, Pirogova E. Investigating the effects of low intensity visible light on human keratinocytes using a customized LED exposure system. Sci Rep 2022; 12:18907. [PMID: 36344673 PMCID: PMC9640685 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-022-23751-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2022] [Accepted: 11/04/2022] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
Photobiomodulation (PBM) refers to the use of light to modulate cellular processes, and has demonstrated utility in improving wound healing outcomes, and reducing pain and inflammation. Despite the potential benefits of PBM, the precise molecular mechanisms through which it influences cell behavior are not yet well understood. Inconsistent reporting of key light parameters has created uncertainty around optimal exposure profiles. In addition, very low intensities of light, < 0.1 J/cm2, have not been thoroughly examined for their use in PBM. Here, we present a custom-made compact, and modular LED-based exposure system for studying the effects of very low-intensity visible light (cell proliferation, migration, ROS production, and mitochondrial membrane potential) of three different wavelengths in a parallel manner. The device allows for six repeats of three different exposure conditions plus a non-irradiated control on a single 24-well plate. The immortalised human keratinocyte cell line, HaCaT, was selected as a major cellular component of the skin epidermal barrier. Furthermore, an in vitro wound model was developed by allowing the HaCaT to form a confluent monolayer, then scratching the cells with a pipette tip to form a wound. Cells were exposed to yellow (585 nm, 0.09 mW, ~ 3.7 mJ/cm2), orange (610 nm, 0.8 mW, ~ 31 mJ/cm2), and red (660 nm, 0.8 mW, ~ 31 mJ/cm2) light for 10 min. 48 h post-irradiation, immunohistochemistry was performed to evaluate cell viability, proliferation, ROS production, and mitochondrial membrane potential. The results demonstrate increased proliferation and decreased scratch area for all exposure conditions, however only red light increased the mitochondrial activity. Oxidative stress levels did not increase for any of the exposures. The present exposure system provides opportunities to better understand the complex cellular mechanisms driven by the irradiation of skin cells with visible light.
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Affiliation(s)
- Emily Sutterby
- grid.1017.70000 0001 2163 3550School of Engineering, RMIT University, Melbourne, VIC Australia
| | - Chanly Chheang
- grid.1017.70000 0001 2163 3550School of Health and Biomedical Sciences, RMIT University, Bundoora, VIC Australia
| | - Peter Thurgood
- grid.1017.70000 0001 2163 3550School of Engineering, RMIT University, Melbourne, VIC Australia
| | - Khashayar Khoshmanesh
- grid.1017.70000 0001 2163 3550School of Engineering, RMIT University, Melbourne, VIC Australia
| | - Sara Baratchi
- grid.1017.70000 0001 2163 3550School of Health and Biomedical Sciences, RMIT University, Bundoora, VIC Australia
| | - Elena Pirogova
- grid.1017.70000 0001 2163 3550School of Engineering, RMIT University, Melbourne, VIC Australia
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Effects of different protocols of defocused high-power laser on the viability and migration of myoblasts-a comparative in vitro study. Lasers Med Sci 2022; 37:3571-3581. [PMID: 36125659 DOI: 10.1007/s10103-022-03636-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/14/2021] [Accepted: 08/22/2022] [Indexed: 10/14/2022]
Abstract
The aim of the present study was to analyze for the first time the effect of photobiomodulation therapy (PBMT) using defocused high-power laser (DHPL) in myoblast cell line C2C12 viability and migration and compare them with low-power laser therapy. Cells were divided into 9 groups: Sham irradiation 10% fetal bovine serum (FBS); Sham irradiation 5%FBS; low-power laser 0.1 W; DHPL 810 1 W; DHPL 810 2 W; DHPL 980 1 W; DHPL 980 2 W; DHPL dual 1 W; DHPL dual 2 W. To simulate stress conditions, all groups exposed to irradiation were maintained in DMEM 5% FBS. The impact of therapies on cell viability was assessed through sulforhodamine B assay and on cells migration through scratch assays and time-lapse. Myoblast viability was not modified by PBMT protocols. All PBMT protocols were able to accelerate the scratch closure after 6 and 18 h of the first irradiation (p < 0.001). Also, an increase in migration speed, with a more pronounced effect of DHPL laser using dual-wavelength protocol with 2 W was observed (p < 0.001). In conclusion, the diverse PBMT protocols used in this study accelerated the C2C12 myoblasts migration, with 2-W dual-wavelength outstanding as the most effective protocol tested. Benefits from treating muscle injuries with PBMT appear to be related to its capacity to induce cell migration without notable impact on cell viability.
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Zhu Z, Wang X, Song Z, Zuo X, Ma Y, Zhang Z, Ju C, Liang Z, Li K, Hu X, Wang Z. Photobiomodulation promotes repair following spinal cord injury by restoring neuronal mitochondrial bioenergetics via AMPK/PGC-1α/TFAM pathway. Front Pharmacol 2022; 13:991421. [PMID: 36172183 PMCID: PMC9512226 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2022.991421] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/16/2022] [Accepted: 08/17/2022] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: Insufficient neuronal mitochondrial bioenergetics supply occurs after spinal cord injury (SCI), leading to neuronal apoptosis and impaired motor function. Previous reports have shown that photobiomodulation (PBM) could reduce neuronal apoptosis and promote functional recovery, but the underlying mechanism remains unclear. Therefore, we aimed to investigate whether PBM improved prognosis by promoting neuronal mitochondrial bioenergetics after SCI. Methods: Sprague Dawley rats were randomly divided into four groups: a Sham group, an SCI group, an SCI + PBM group and an SCI + PBM + Compound C group. After SCI model was established, PBM and Compound C (an AMPK inhibitor) injection were carried out. The level of neuron apoptosis, the recovery of motor function and mitochondrial function were observed at different times (7, 14, and 28 days). The AMPK/PGC-1α/TFAM pathway was hypothesized to be a potential target through which PBM could affect neuronal mitochondrial bioenergetics. In vitro, ventral spinal cord 4.1 (VSC4.1) cells were irradiated with PBM and cotreated with Compound C after oxygen and glucose deprivation (OGD). Results: PBM promoted the recovery of mitochondrial respiratory chain complex activity, increased ATP production, alleviated neuronal apoptosis and reversed motor dysfunction after SCI. The activation of the AMPK/PGC-1α/TFAM pathway after SCI were facilitated by PBM but inhibited by Compound C. Equally important, PBM could inhibit OGD-induced VSC4.1 cell apoptosis by increasing ATP production whereas these changes could be abolished by Compound C. Conclusion: PBM activated AMPK/PGC-1α/TFAM pathway to restore mitochondrial bioenergetics and exerted neuroprotective effects after SCI.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Xueyu Hu
- *Correspondence: Zhe Wang, ; Xueyu Hu,
| | - Zhe Wang
- *Correspondence: Zhe Wang, ; Xueyu Hu,
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Application of Fibrin Associated with Photobiomodulation as a Promising Strategy to Improve Regeneration in Tissue Engineering: A Systematic Review. Polymers (Basel) 2022; 14:polym14153150. [PMID: 35956667 PMCID: PMC9370794 DOI: 10.3390/polym14153150] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/13/2022] [Revised: 07/19/2022] [Accepted: 07/28/2022] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Fibrin, derived from proteins involved in blood clotting (fibrinogen and thrombin), is a biopolymer with different applications in the health area since it has hemostasis, biocompatible and three-dimensional physical structure properties, and can be used as scaffolds in tissue regeneration or drug delivery system for cells and/or growth factors. Fibrin alone or together with other biomaterials, has been indicated for use as a biological support to promote the regeneration of stem cells, bone, peripheral nerves, and other injured tissues. In its diversity of forms of application and constitution, there are platelet-rich fibrin (PRF), Leukocyte- and platelet-rich fibrin (L-PRF), fibrin glue or fibrin sealant, and hydrogels. In order to increase fibrin properties, adjuvant therapies can be combined to favor tissue repair, such as photobiomodulation (PBM), by low-level laser therapy (LLLT) or LEDs (Light Emitting Diode). Therefore, this systematic review aimed to evaluate the relationship between PBM and the use of fibrin compounds, referring to the results of previous studies published in PubMed/MEDLINE, Scopus and Web of Science databases. The descriptors “fibrin AND low-level laser therapy” and “fibrin AND photobiomodulation” were used, without restriction on publication time. The bibliographic search found 44 articles in PubMed/MEDLINE, of which 26 were excluded due to duplicity or being outside the eligibility criteria. We also found 40 articles in Web of Science and selected 1 article, 152 articles in Scopus and no article selected, totaling 19 articles for qualitative analysis. The fibrin type most used in combination with PBM was fibrin sealant, mainly heterologous, followed by PRF or L-PRF. In PBM, the gallium-aluminum-arsenide (GaAlAs) laser prevailed, with a wavelength of 830 nm, followed by 810 nm. Among the preclinical studies, the most researched association of fibrin and PBM was the use of fibrin sealants in bone or nerve injuries; in clinical studies, the association of PBM with medication-related treatments osteonecrosis of the jaw (MRONJ). Therefore, there is scientific evidence of the contribution of PBM on fibrin composites, constituting a supporting therapy that acts by stimulating cell activity, angiogenesis, osteoblast activation, axonal growth, anti-inflammatory and anti-edema action, increased collagen synthesis and its maturation, as well as biomolecules.
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Oliveira RF, Marquiore LF, Gomes CBS, de Abreu PTR, Ferreira LAQ, Diniz LA, Gomes NA, Jácome‐Santos H, Moreno A, Macari S, Mesquita RA, Silva TA, Marques MM, Diniz IMA. Interplay between epithelial and mesenchymal cells unveils essential proinflammatory and pro‐resolutive mediators modulated by photobiomodulation therapy at 660 nm. Wound Repair Regen 2022; 30:345-356. [DOI: 10.1111/wrr.13010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/26/2021] [Revised: 03/04/2022] [Accepted: 03/27/2022] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Rafaela F. Oliveira
- Department of Restorative Dentistry School of Dentistry, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais Belo Horizonte Minas Gerais Brazil
| | - Larissa F. Marquiore
- Department of Restorative Dentistry School of Dentistry, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais Belo Horizonte Minas Gerais Brazil
| | - Cristopher B. S. Gomes
- Department of Restorative Dentistry School of Dentistry, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais Belo Horizonte Minas Gerais Brazil
| | - Priscila T. R. de Abreu
- Department of Oral Pathology and Surgery School of Dentistry, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais Belo Horizonte Minas Gerais Brazil
| | - Luiza A. Q. Ferreira
- Department of Restorative Dentistry School of Dentistry, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais Belo Horizonte Minas Gerais Brazil
| | - Luiza A. Diniz
- Department of Restorative Dentistry School of Dentistry, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais Belo Horizonte Minas Gerais Brazil
| | - Natália A. Gomes
- Department of Restorative Dentistry School of Dentistry, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais Belo Horizonte Minas Gerais Brazil
| | - Humberto Jácome‐Santos
- Department of Restorative Dentistry School of Dentistry, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais Belo Horizonte Minas Gerais Brazil
- Department of Oral Pathology and Surgery School of Dentistry, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais Belo Horizonte Minas Gerais Brazil
| | - Amália Moreno
- Department of Oral Pathology and Surgery School of Dentistry, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais Belo Horizonte Minas Gerais Brazil
| | - Soraia Macari
- Department of Restorative Dentistry School of Dentistry, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais Belo Horizonte Minas Gerais Brazil
| | - Ricardo A. Mesquita
- Department of Oral Pathology and Surgery School of Dentistry, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais Belo Horizonte Minas Gerais Brazil
| | - Tarcília A. Silva
- Department of Oral Pathology and Surgery School of Dentistry, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais Belo Horizonte Minas Gerais Brazil
| | - Márcia M. Marques
- Post‐Graduation Program in Dentistry, Ibirapuera University São Paulo São Paulo Brazil
| | - Ivana M. A. Diniz
- Department of Restorative Dentistry School of Dentistry, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais Belo Horizonte Minas Gerais Brazil
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Souza C, Jayme CC, Rezende N, Tedesco AC. Synergistic effect of photobiomodulation and phthalocyanine photosensitizer on fibroblast signaling responses in an in vitro three-dimensional microenvironment. JOURNAL OF PHOTOCHEMISTRY AND PHOTOBIOLOGY B-BIOLOGY 2021; 222:112256. [PMID: 34330080 DOI: 10.1016/j.jphotobiol.2021.112256] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2020] [Revised: 05/12/2021] [Accepted: 07/04/2021] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
Photobiomodulation (PBM) is a promising medical treatment modality in the area of photodynamic therapy (PDT). In this study, we investigated the effect of combined therapy in a 3D microenvironment using aluminum chloride phthalocyanines (AlClPc) as the photosensitizing agent. Normal human fibroblast-containing collagen biomatrix was prepared and treated with an oil-in-water (o/a) AlClPc-loaded nanoemulsion (from 0.5 to 3.0 μM) and irradiated at a range of fluences (from 0.1 to 3.0 J/cm2) using a continuous-wave light-emitting diode (LED) irradiation system (660 nm). PBM at 1.2 J/cm2 and AlClPc/NE at 0.5 μM modified the fibroblast signaling response under 3D conditions, promoting collagen synthesis, ROS production, MMP-9 secretion, proliferation of the actin network, and facile myofibroblastic differentiation. PBM alone (at 1.2 J/cm2 and 0.3 J/cm2) had no significant effect on any of these parameters. The combined therapy affected myofibroblastic differentiation, inflammatory response, and extracellular matrix pliability, and should thus be examined further in subsequent studies considering that no side effects of PBM have been reported. Even though significant progress has been made in the field of phototherapy in recent years, it is necessary to further elucidate the detailed mechanisms underlying its effects already shown in 2D conditions to increase the acceptance of this beneficial and non-invasive therapeutic approach.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carla Souza
- Department of Chemistry, Center of Nanotechnology and Tissue Engineering -Photobiology and Photomedicine Research Group, Faculty of Philosophy, Sciences and Letters of Ribeirão Preto-FFCLRP, University of São Paulo, Ribeirão Preto, São Paulo 14040-901, Brazil
| | - Cristiano Ceron Jayme
- Department of Chemistry, Center of Nanotechnology and Tissue Engineering -Photobiology and Photomedicine Research Group, Faculty of Philosophy, Sciences and Letters of Ribeirão Preto-FFCLRP, University of São Paulo, Ribeirão Preto, São Paulo 14040-901, Brazil
| | - Nayara Rezende
- Department of Chemistry, Center of Nanotechnology and Tissue Engineering -Photobiology and Photomedicine Research Group, Faculty of Philosophy, Sciences and Letters of Ribeirão Preto-FFCLRP, University of São Paulo, Ribeirão Preto, São Paulo 14040-901, Brazil
| | - Antonio Claudio Tedesco
- Department of Chemistry, Center of Nanotechnology and Tissue Engineering -Photobiology and Photomedicine Research Group, Faculty of Philosophy, Sciences and Letters of Ribeirão Preto-FFCLRP, University of São Paulo, Ribeirão Preto, São Paulo 14040-901, Brazil.
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Pelletier‐Aouizerate M, Zivic Y. Early cases of acute infectious respiratory syndrome treated with photobiomodulation, diagnosis and intervention: Two case reports. Clin Case Rep 2021; 9:2429-2437. [PMID: 33959281 PMCID: PMC8077509 DOI: 10.1002/ccr3.4058] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/23/2020] [Revised: 02/21/2021] [Accepted: 03/01/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
PBMT using 630 + 660 nm wavelengths transcutaneously at 7 cm above chest area irradiating lungs and heart regions of patients with acute, infectious respiratory syndrome alleviated their respiratory symptoms, mitigated pulmonary inflammation and hypoxia. PBMT could prevent more severe respiratory distress requiring emergency care and reduce the strain on healthcare. This case report's clinical experience can be the basis of future research evaluating oxygen saturation levels pre- and post-PBMT.
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