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Wang X, Wu T. An update on the biological effects of quantum dots: From environmental fate to risk assessment based on multiple biological models. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2023; 879:163166. [PMID: 37011691 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2023.163166] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/12/2023] [Revised: 03/12/2023] [Accepted: 03/26/2023] [Indexed: 05/17/2023]
Abstract
Quantum dots (QDs) are zero-dimension nanomaterials with excellent physical and chemical properties, which have been widely used in environmental science and biomedicine. Therefore, QDs are potential to cause toxicity to the environment and enter organisms through migration and bioenrichment effects. This review aims to provide a comprehensive and systematic analysis on the adverse effects of QDs in different organisms based on recently available data. Following PRISMA guidelines, this study searched PubMed database according to the pre-set keywords, and included 206 studies according to the inclusion and elimination criteria. CiteSpace software was firstly used to analyze the keywords of included literatures, search for breaking points of former studies, and summarize the classification, characterization and dosage of QDs. The environment fate of QDs in the ecosystems were then analyzed, followed with comprehensively summarized toxicity outcomes at individual, system, cell, subcellular and molecular levels. After migration and degradation in the environment, aquatic plants, bacteria, fungi as well as invertebrates and vertebrates have been found to be suffered from toxic effects caused by QDs. Aside from systemic effects, toxicity of intrinsic QDs targeting to specific organs, including respiratory system, cardiovascular system, hepatorenal system, nervous system and immune system were confirmed in multiple animal models. Moreover, QDs could be taken up by cells and disturb the organelles, which resulted in cellular inflammation and cell death, including autophagy, apoptosis, necrosis, pyroptosis and ferroptosis. Recently, several innovative technologies, like organoids have been applied in the risk assessment of QDs to promote the surgical interventions of preventing QDs' toxicity. This review not only aimed at updating the research progress on the biological effects of QDs from environmental fate to risk assessment, but also overcame the limitations of available reviews on basic toxicity of nanomaterials by interdisciplinarity and provided new insights for better applications of QDs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xinyu Wang
- Key Laboratory of Environmental Medicine and Engineering, Ministry of Education, Nanjing 210009, PR China; School of Public Health, Southeast University, Nanjing 210009, PR China
| | - Tianshu Wu
- Key Laboratory of Environmental Medicine and Engineering, Ministry of Education, Nanjing 210009, PR China; School of Public Health, Southeast University, Nanjing 210009, PR China.
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Pan X, Ou M, Lu Y, Nie Q, Dai X, Liu O. Immunomodulatory zinc-based materials for tissue regeneration. BIOMATERIALS ADVANCES 2023; 152:213503. [PMID: 37331243 DOI: 10.1016/j.bioadv.2023.213503] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/15/2023] [Revised: 06/04/2023] [Accepted: 06/05/2023] [Indexed: 06/20/2023]
Abstract
Zinc(Zn)-based materials have contributed greatly to the rapid advancements in tissue engineering. The qualities they possess that make them so beneficial include their excellent biodegradability, biocompatibility, anti-bacterial activity, among and several others. Biomedical materials that act as a foreign body, will inevitably cause host immune response when introduced to the human body. As the osteoimmunology develops, the immunomodulatory characteristics of biomaterials have become an appealing concept to improve implant-tissue interaction and tissue restoration. Recently, Zn-based materials have also displayed immunomodulatory functions, especially macrophage polarization states. It can promote the transformation of M1 macrophages into M2 macrophages to enhance the tissue regeneration and reconstruction. This review covers mainly Zn-based materials and their characteristics, including metallic Zn alloys and Zn ceramics. We highlight the current advancements in the type of immune responses, as well as the mechanisms, that are induced by Zn-based biomaterials, most importantly the regulation of innate immunity and the mechanism of promoting tissue regeneration. To this end, we discuss their applications in biomedicine, and conclude with an outlook on future research challenges.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoman Pan
- Xiangya Stomatological Hospital & Xiangya School of Stomatology, Central South University, Changsha 410005, China
| | - Mingning Ou
- Xiangya Hospital & Xiangya School of Medicine, Central South University, Changsha 410005, China
| | - Yixuan Lu
- Xiangya Stomatological Hospital & Xiangya School of Stomatology, Central South University, Changsha 410005, China
| | - Qian Nie
- Xiangya Stomatological Hospital & Xiangya School of Stomatology, Central South University, Changsha 410005, China
| | - Xiaohan Dai
- Xiangya Stomatological Hospital & Xiangya School of Stomatology, Central South University, Changsha 410005, China.
| | - Ousheng Liu
- Xiangya Stomatological Hospital & Xiangya School of Stomatology, Central South University, Changsha 410005, China.
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Kuznetsov D, Krylsky D, Dezhurov S, Grachev A, Neschisliaev V, Orlova E, Kuznetsova A. Quantum dots are time bomb: Multiscale toxicological study. Chem Biol Interact 2023; 374:110396. [PMID: 36764372 DOI: 10.1016/j.cbi.2023.110396] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/09/2022] [Revised: 02/03/2023] [Accepted: 02/07/2023] [Indexed: 02/11/2023]
Abstract
The use of quantum dots has spread widely into many applications. Works on the study of quantum dots on living organisms have had conflicting results on toxicity. There are no full-scale long-term toxicological studies with multiple administration of quantum dots. Understanding the toxicity of quantum dots is still limited. Here we present data on the effects of quantum dots on animals. In this work for the first time, it is shown that at a single administration of quantum dots in the body they have moderate species-specific toxicity, but repeated administration of quantum dots for 14 days even in the amount of 0.5 mg/kg leads to a delayed not completely irreversible hematotoxic effect, delayed irreversible disorders of barrier function of the liver, irreversible nephrotoxic effect, and to pathological changes in the thymus, kidneys and spleen. Administration of quantum dots in the amount of 2.5 mg/kg for 14 days leads to irreversible changes in the lungs, liver, spleen, kidneys and thyroid gland. This phenomenon is based on immunological reactions. On the one hand, these data confirm that quantum dots at a single administration can show relatively low toxicity. On the other hand, they cause to a delayed irreversible organ and tissue damage when repeatedly administered to the body even in small quantities. This study demonstrates that quantum dots are not as low in toxicity as previously thought to be and pose a serious risk when entering living organisms. Detecting and treating poisoning using standard methods of diagnosis and treatment of heavy metal poisoning may not be effective. This study demonstrates that toxic effects of quantum dots on a living body are quite complex and cannot be generalized based on previously reported assumptions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Denis Kuznetsov
- G.N. Gabrichevsky Scientific and Research Institute of Epidemiology and Microbiology, 10, Admirala Makarova str., Moscow, 125212, Russia.
| | - Dmitriy Krylsky
- Research Institute of Applied Acoustics, Center of High Technologies, 7A, 9 Maya, Dubna, 141980, Russia
| | - Sergey Dezhurov
- Research Institute of Applied Acoustics, Center of High Technologies, 7A, 9 Maya, Dubna, 141980, Russia
| | - Alexei Grachev
- Institute of Carcinogenesis, Cancer Research Center of N.N. Blokhin, Kashirskoe sh. 24, Moscow, 115478, Russia
| | | | - Ekaterina Orlova
- Perm State Pharmaceutical Academy, Polevaya str. 2, 614000, Perm, Russia
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Sobhanan J, Anas A, Biju V. Nanomaterials for Fluorescence and Multimodal Bioimaging. CHEM REC 2023; 23:e202200253. [PMID: 36789795 DOI: 10.1002/tcr.202200253] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/15/2022] [Revised: 01/27/2023] [Indexed: 02/16/2023]
Abstract
Bioconjugated nanomaterials replace molecular probes in bioanalysis and bioimaging in vitro and in vivo. Nanoparticles of silica, metals, semiconductors, polymers, and supramolecular systems, conjugated with contrast agents and drugs for image-guided (MRI, fluorescence, PET, Raman, SPECT, photodynamic, photothermal, and photoacoustic) therapy infiltrate into preclinical and clinical settings. Small bioactive molecules like peptides, proteins, or DNA conjugated to the surfaces of drugs or probes help us to interface them with cells and tissues. Nevertheless, the toxicity and pharmacokinetics of nanodrugs, nanoprobes, and their components become the clinical barriers, underscoring the significance of developing biocompatible next-generation drugs and contrast agents. This account provides state-of-the-art advancements in the preparation and biological applications of bioconjugated nanomaterials and their molecular, cell, and in vivo applications. It focuses on the preparation, bioimaging, and bioanalytical applications of monomodal and multimodal nanoprobes composed of quantum dots, quantum clusters, iron oxide nanoparticles, and a few rare earth metal ion complexes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jeladhara Sobhanan
- Graduate School of Environmental Science, Hokkaido University, N10 W5, Sapporo, Hokkaido, 060-0810, Japan.,Department of Chemistry, Rice University, Houston, Texas 77005, United States
| | - Abdulaziz Anas
- CSIR-National Institute of Oceanography, Regional Centre Kochi, Kerala, 682 018, India
| | - Vasudevanpillai Biju
- Graduate School of Environmental Science, Hokkaido University, N10 W5, Sapporo, Hokkaido, 060-0810, Japan.,Research Institute for Electronic Science, Hokkaido University, Sapporo, 001-0020, Japan
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Ding Y, Yang Y, Chen J, Chen H, Wu Y, Jin L. Toxic effects of ZnSe/ZnS quantum dots on the reproduction and genotoxiticy of rare minnow (Gobiocypris rarus). Comp Biochem Physiol C Toxicol Pharmacol 2021; 247:109065. [PMID: 33915279 DOI: 10.1016/j.cbpc.2021.109065] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/06/2020] [Revised: 04/15/2021] [Accepted: 04/21/2021] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
Abstract
ZnSe/ZnS quantum dots (QDs) have excellent optical properties, but researchers have not clearly determined whether they cause harm to organisms. In the present study, the effect of ZnSe/ZnS QDs on the parents and offspring of rare minnow were evaluated for the first time. Exposure to ZnSe/ZnS QDs altered the testicular structure, caused sperm DNA damage and decreased sperm motility in males. They also suppressed the expression of reproduction-related genes, such as androgen receptor (Ar), DM-related transcription factor 1 (Dmrt1), estrogen receptor (Er), and X-ray repair cross complementing gene 1 (Xrcc1). Continued monitoring of the F1 generation revealed that the embryonic development of the F1 generation was abnormal and the growth index of the F1 generation of adult fish showed hormesis. A comet assay showed that the F1 generation still had DNA damage in the 400 and 800 nmol/L groups at 96 h post-fertilization (hpf). Thus, ZnSe/ZnS QDs damaged the reproductive system of the rare minnow, and this effect continued to the F1 generation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yanhong Ding
- Key Laboratory of Freshwater Fish Reproduction and Development (Ministry of Education), Key Laboratory of Aquatic Science of Chongqing, Southwest University School of Life Sciences, Chongqing 400715, China
| | - Yang Yang
- Key Laboratory of Freshwater Fish Reproduction and Development (Ministry of Education), Key Laboratory of Aquatic Science of Chongqing, Southwest University School of Life Sciences, Chongqing 400715, China
| | - Juan Chen
- Key Laboratory of Freshwater Fish Reproduction and Development (Ministry of Education), Key Laboratory of Aquatic Science of Chongqing, Southwest University School of Life Sciences, Chongqing 400715, China
| | - Hang Chen
- Key Laboratory of Freshwater Fish Reproduction and Development (Ministry of Education), Key Laboratory of Aquatic Science of Chongqing, Southwest University School of Life Sciences, Chongqing 400715, China
| | - Yingyi Wu
- Key Laboratory of Freshwater Fish Reproduction and Development (Ministry of Education), Key Laboratory of Aquatic Science of Chongqing, Southwest University School of Life Sciences, Chongqing 400715, China
| | - Li Jin
- Key Laboratory of Freshwater Fish Reproduction and Development (Ministry of Education), Key Laboratory of Aquatic Science of Chongqing, Southwest University School of Life Sciences, Chongqing 400715, China.
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Chen Q, Huang Z, Wang Q, Hu Y, Tang H, Wen R, Wang W. Novel synthesis of Mn: ZnSe@ZnS core-shell quantum dots based on photoinduced fluorescence enhancement. SPECTROCHIMICA ACTA. PART A, MOLECULAR AND BIOMOLECULAR SPECTROSCOPY 2021; 248:119099. [PMID: 33214102 DOI: 10.1016/j.saa.2020.119099] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2020] [Revised: 10/13/2020] [Accepted: 10/16/2020] [Indexed: 05/12/2023]
Abstract
A novel Type-I Mn: ZnSe@ZnS core-shell quantum dots (QDs) was reported through a two-step procedure by using low-cost inorganic salts and naturalbiomacromolecule as raw materials. Based on a designed structure of L-cysteine-capped Mn: ZnSe QDs in aqueous media with the controllable surface, Mn: ZnSe@ZnS core-shell QDs were formed due to photoactive ions and defect curing under continuous constant light. The influences of experimental variables, including synthesis conditions of Mn: ZnSe QDs, different types and affecting factors of photo irradiation had been systematically investigated. Under the effect of photoinduced fluorescence enhancement, the photoluminescence (PL) intensity increases significantly by about 5-10 times after 1-3 h of UV irradiation. The position of the fluorescence peak was red-shifted by about 17 nm, emitting orange-red fluorescence. The photoluminescence quantum yield (PL QY) was markedly improved (up to 35%). The structure and morphology of Mn: ZnSe@ZnS core-shell QDs were also confirmed by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), X-ray powder diffraction (XRD), transmission electron microscopy (TEM), X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) and energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDS) in detail. The mechanism of photoinduced fluorescence enhancement was attributed to L-cysteine allowed to release S2- to form a ZnS shell, and the passivated surface non-radiative relaxation centers of Mn: ZnSe@ZnS QDs was successfully synthesized with highuniform size, excellent photoluminescence performance, and good stability, all ofwhichmakethemgood potential candidates for white LEDs, and biological labels.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qiuju Chen
- College of Science, Central South University of Forestry and Technology, Changsha 410004, China
| | - Zizhi Huang
- College of Science, Central South University of Forestry and Technology, Changsha 410004, China
| | - Qiong Wang
- College of Science, Central South University of Forestry and Technology, Changsha 410004, China; Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Chemical Biology and Traditional Chinese Medicine Research, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Hunan Normal University, Changsha 410081, China.
| | - Yunchu Hu
- College of Science, Central South University of Forestry and Technology, Changsha 410004, China
| | - Hao Tang
- Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Chemical Biology and Traditional Chinese Medicine Research, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Hunan Normal University, Changsha 410081, China
| | - Ruizhi Wen
- College of Science, Central South University of Forestry and Technology, Changsha 410004, China
| | - Wenlei Wang
- College of Science, Central South University of Forestry and Technology, Changsha 410004, China
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