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Góbi S, Keresztes B, Schneiker A, Tarczay G. UV photolysis of thiourea and its N-methylated derivative in cryogenic matrices. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2024; 26:9963-9974. [PMID: 38477114 DOI: 10.1039/d4cp00016a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/14/2024]
Abstract
Exploration of the photolytic dynamics of sulfurous compounds is essential, eventually contributing not only to our comprehension of their fundamental organic chemistry but also shedding light on astrophysical implications. This study aims to investigate two astrochemically relevant sulfur-containing molecules, namely, thiourea (TU) and its N-methylated counterpart, N-methyl thiourea (NMTU), in cryogenic matrices. These molecules were deposited both in solid Ar and in a quantum host, specifically in solid para-H2 matrices, with the latter exhibiting unique properties. The deposited matrices were exposed to a series of UV laser irradiation at various wavelengths to investigate the decomposition paths of TU and NMTU. As a result of the UV photolysis, a plethora of degradation products could be observed in every case. Based on the presence of these product molecules, some considerations can be made regarding the decomposition mechanism of the parent molecules. The use of different matrices allowed for assessing their influence on the decay mechanism, while applying tunable laser light provided insights into the wavelength dependency of the processes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sándor Góbi
- Laboratory of Molecular Spectroscopy, Institute of Chemistry, ELTE Eötvös Loránd University, PO Box 32, Budapest H-1518, Hungary.
- MTA-ELTE Lendület Laboratory Astrochemistry Research Group, Institute of Chemistry, ELTE Eötvös Loránd University, PO Box 32, Budapest H-1518, Hungary
| | - Barbara Keresztes
- Laboratory of Molecular Spectroscopy, Institute of Chemistry, ELTE Eötvös Loránd University, PO Box 32, Budapest H-1518, Hungary.
- Hevesy György PhD School of Chemistry, Institute of Chemistry, ELTE Eötvös Loránd University, PO Box 32, Budapest H-1518, Hungary
| | - Anita Schneiker
- Laboratory of Molecular Spectroscopy, Institute of Chemistry, ELTE Eötvös Loránd University, PO Box 32, Budapest H-1518, Hungary.
- Hevesy György PhD School of Chemistry, Institute of Chemistry, ELTE Eötvös Loránd University, PO Box 32, Budapest H-1518, Hungary
| | - György Tarczay
- Laboratory of Molecular Spectroscopy, Institute of Chemistry, ELTE Eötvös Loránd University, PO Box 32, Budapest H-1518, Hungary.
- MTA-ELTE Lendület Laboratory Astrochemistry Research Group, Institute of Chemistry, ELTE Eötvös Loránd University, PO Box 32, Budapest H-1518, Hungary
- Centre for Astrophysics and Space Science, ELTE Eötvös Loránd University, PO Box 32, Budapest H-1518, Hungary
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Halasz A, Hawari J, Perreault NN. Photodegradation of bis(1H-tetrazol-5-yl)amine (H 2BTA), a high nitrogen content tetrazole-based energetic compound in water. CHEMOSPHERE 2020; 241:125008. [PMID: 31604194 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2019.125008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/04/2019] [Revised: 08/08/2019] [Accepted: 09/28/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Tetrazoles have wide industrial applications, notably in the pharmaceutical industry. Tetrazole derivatives such as bis(1H-tetrazol-5-yl)amine (H2BTA) have recently been considered by the defense industry as high nitrogen composite propellants. Photodegradation studies under solar simulating conditions showed that H2BTA was partially degraded in water, while it was completely degraded under UV light at 254 nm. When H2BTA (0.35 mM) was irradiated with simulated sunlight at pH 3.65, there was a 1-day lag phase before the chemical started to degrade, reaching 43.5% degradation after 7 d. However, when pH increased to 5.76, it degraded without lag phase, suggesting that an HBTA- anion was involved in the initial degradation of the chemical. 5-Aminotetrazole (5-AT) was identified as a final degradation product and N-(1H-tetrazol-5-yl)formamide(T(5 yl)FA) and 1H-tetrazol-5-ylcarbamic acid (T(5 yl)CA) as intermediate products. At λ = 254 nm, H2BTA disappeared rapidly, resulting in the loss of 94% after 65 min. 5-AT was detected together with several transient products including N-(1H-tetrazol-5-yl)carbamohydrazonic acid (T(5 yl)CHA) and T(5 yl)FA. Kinetic studies and products analysis revealed that H2BTA photodegraded via two initial routes. One route (a) marked by the initial loss of HN3 and another (b) marked by the initial loss of N2. Route a) was characteristics for irradiation with simulated sunlight; however, routes a) and b) proceeded simultaneously under UV light. 5-AT eventually degraded to presumably give N2 and/or HN3 under UV light. Understanding the photodegradation pathway of H2BTA under simulated sunlight can help in providing the basis for natural attenuation assessment of the chemical in contaminated aquatic environments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Annamaria Halasz
- National Research Council Canada, 6100 Royalmount Ave, Montreal, Quebec, H4P 2R2, Canada
| | - Jalal Hawari
- Department of Civil, Geological and Mining Engineering, Ecole Polytechnique de Montréal, Montreal, Quebec, H3C 3A7, Canada
| | - Nancy N Perreault
- National Research Council Canada, 6100 Royalmount Ave, Montreal, Quebec, H4P 2R2, Canada.
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Wang Y, Pan JA, Wu H, Talapin DV. Direct Wavelength-Selective Optical and Electron-Beam Lithography of Functional Inorganic Nanomaterials. ACS NANO 2019; 13:13917-13931. [PMID: 31609104 DOI: 10.1021/acsnano.9b05491] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/23/2023]
Abstract
Direct optical lithography of functional inorganic nanomaterials (DOLFIN) is a photoresist-free method for high-resolution patterning of inorganic nanocrystals (NCs) that has been demonstrated using deep UV (DUV, 254 nm) photons. Here, we expand the versatility of DOLFIN by designing a series of photochemically active NC surface ligands for direct patterning using various photon energies including DUV, near-UV (i-line, 365 nm), blue (h-line, 405 nm), and visible (450 nm) light. We show that the exposure dose for DOLFIN can be ∼30 mJ/cm2, which is small compared to most commercial photopolymer resists. Patterned nanomaterials can serve as highly robust optical diffraction gratings. We also introduce a general approach for resist-free direct electron-beam lithography of functional inorganic nanomaterials (DELFIN) which enables all-inorganic NC patterns with feature size down to 30 nm, while preserving the optical and electronic properties of patterned NCs. The designed ligand chemistries and patterning techniques offer a versatile platform for nano- and micron-scale additive manufacturing, complementing the existing toolbox for device fabrication.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuanyuan Wang
- Department of Chemistry and James Franck Institute , University of Chicago , Chicago , Illinois 60637 , United States
| | - Jia-Ahn Pan
- Department of Chemistry and James Franck Institute , University of Chicago , Chicago , Illinois 60637 , United States
| | - Haoqi Wu
- Department of Chemistry and James Franck Institute , University of Chicago , Chicago , Illinois 60637 , United States
| | - Dmitri V Talapin
- Department of Chemistry and James Franck Institute , University of Chicago , Chicago , Illinois 60637 , United States
- Center for Nanoscale Materials , Argonne National Laboratory , Argonne , Illinois 60439 , United States
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Pagacz-Kostrzewa M, Sałdyka M, Bil A, Gul W, Wierzejewska M, Khomenko DM, Doroschuk RO. Phototransformations of 2-(1,2,4-Triazol-3-yl)benzoic Acid in Low Temperature Matrices. J Phys Chem A 2019; 123:841-850. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpca.8b10762] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- M. Pagacz-Kostrzewa
- Faculty of Chemistry, University of Wrocław, F. Joliot-Curie 14, 50-383 Wrocław, Poland
| | - M. Sałdyka
- Faculty of Chemistry, University of Wrocław, F. Joliot-Curie 14, 50-383 Wrocław, Poland
| | - A. Bil
- Faculty of Chemistry, University of Wrocław, F. Joliot-Curie 14, 50-383 Wrocław, Poland
| | - W. Gul
- Faculty of Chemistry, University of Wrocław, F. Joliot-Curie 14, 50-383 Wrocław, Poland
| | - M. Wierzejewska
- Faculty of Chemistry, University of Wrocław, F. Joliot-Curie 14, 50-383 Wrocław, Poland
| | - D. M. Khomenko
- Department of Chemistry, Taras Shevchenko National University of Kyiv, Volodymyrska Street, 64/13, Kyiv 01601, Ukraine
| | - R. O. Doroschuk
- Department of Chemistry, Taras Shevchenko National University of Kyiv, Volodymyrska Street, 64/13, Kyiv 01601, Ukraine
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Krupa J, Pagacz-Kostrzewa M, Wierzejewska M. UV laser-induced photolysis of matrix isolated o-guaiacol. J Mol Struct 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.molstruc.2018.05.098] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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Soares MIL, Nunes CM, Gomes CSB, Pinho e Melo TMVD, Fausto R. Conformational behaviour, photochemistry and flash vacuum pyrolysis of a 2-(1H-tetrazol-1-yl)thiophene. NEW J CHEM 2017. [DOI: 10.1039/c7nj02775c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
The conformational and photochemical behaviour of a 2-(1H-tetrazol-1-yl)thiophene was studied using low-temperature matrix isolation infrared spectroscopy and theoretical calculations. FVP of 2-(1H-tetrazol-1-yl)thiophene afforded new thieno-fused heterocycles.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Cláudio M. Nunes
- CQC
- Department of Chemistry
- University of Coimbra
- 3004-535 Coimbra
- Portugal
| | - Clara S. B. Gomes
- Centro de Química Estrutural
- Instituto Superior Técnico
- Universidade de Lisboa
- 1049-001 Lisboa
- Portugal
| | | | - Rui Fausto
- CQC
- Department of Chemistry
- University of Coimbra
- 3004-535 Coimbra
- Portugal
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Pagacz-Kostrzewa M, Sałdyka M, Wierzejewska M, Khomenko DM, Doroschuk RO. Theoretical DFT and matrix isolation FTIR studies of 2-(1,2,4-triazolyl)phenol isomers. Chem Phys Lett 2016. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cplett.2016.06.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
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Nunes CM, Reva I, Rosado MTS, Fausto R. The Quest for Carbenic Nitrile Imines: Experimental and Computational Characterization ofC-Amino Nitrile Imine. European J Org Chem 2015. [DOI: 10.1002/ejoc.201501153] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/29/2023]
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Saeed A, Qasim M, Hussain M, Flörke U, Erben MF. A combined experimental and theoretical study of the tautomeric and conformational properties of (5-phenyl-tetrazol-2-yl)-acetic acid methyl ester. SPECTROCHIMICA ACTA. PART A, MOLECULAR AND BIOMOLECULAR SPECTROSCOPY 2015; 150:1-8. [PMID: 26005846 DOI: 10.1016/j.saa.2015.05.046] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/13/2015] [Revised: 05/13/2015] [Accepted: 05/15/2015] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
The tautomeric and conformational properties of a new tetrazole derivative are studied in a combined approach that includes the analysis of the experimental vibrational data together with theoretical calculation methods, especially in terms of natural bond orbital (NBO) population analysis. Moreover, the molecular and crystal structure was determined by single crystal X-ray diffraction. The compound crystallized as the 2-tautomeric form, monoclinic space group P21/c with Z=4, a=10.0630(14), b=8.2879(11), c=12.8375(18) Å, β=105.546(3)°, V=1031.5(2) Å(3). The tetrazole and phenyl rings are coplanar with the acetate group oriented perpendicular to the plane. The NBO analysis showed that delocalizing interactions of the lpp(N2) lone pair orbital contributes to a strong resonance interactions with both adjacent π(∗)(N3N4) and π(∗)(N1C5) antibonding orbitals of the tetrazole group.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aamer Saeed
- Department of Chemistry, Quaid-I-Azam University, Islamabad 45320, Pakistan.
| | - Muhammad Qasim
- Department of Chemistry, Quaid-I-Azam University, Islamabad 45320, Pakistan
| | - Majid Hussain
- Department of Chemistry, Quaid-I-Azam University, Islamabad 45320, Pakistan
| | - Ulrich Flörke
- Department Chemie, Fakultät fur Naturwissenschaften, Universitat Paderborn, Warburgerstrasse 100, D-33098 Paderborn, Germany
| | - Mauricio F Erben
- CEQUINOR (UNLP, CONICET-CCT La Plata), Departamento de Química, Facultad de Ciencias Exactas, Universidad Nacional de La Plata, C.C. 962, 1900 La Plata, Argentina.
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Baskir EG, Platonov DN, Tomilov YV, Nefedov OM. Infrared-spectroscopic study of amino-substituted nitrilimines and their photochemical transformations in an argon matrix. MENDELEEV COMMUNICATIONS 2014. [DOI: 10.1016/j.mencom.2014.06.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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12
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Pagacz-Kostrzewa M, Krupa J, Wierzejewska M. Carboxylic Group and Its Tetrazolyl Isostere in One Molecule. Matrix Isolation FTIR and DFT Studies on Thermal Decomposition and Photochemistry of (Tetrazol-5-yl)acetic Acid. J Phys Chem A 2014; 118:2072-82. [DOI: 10.1021/jp5001804] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- M. Pagacz-Kostrzewa
- Faculty of Chemistry, University of Wrocław, Joliot-Curie 14, 50-383 Wrocław, Poland
| | - J. Krupa
- Faculty of Chemistry, University of Wrocław, Joliot-Curie 14, 50-383 Wrocław, Poland
| | - M. Wierzejewska
- Faculty of Chemistry, University of Wrocław, Joliot-Curie 14, 50-383 Wrocław, Poland
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