1
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Shioukhi I, Batchu H, Schwartz G, Minion L, Deree Y, Bogoslavsky B, Shimon LJW, Wade J, Hoffman R, Fuchter MJ, Markovich G, Gidron O. Helitwistacenes-Combining Lateral and Longitudinal Helicity Results in Solvent-Induced Inversion of Circularly Polarized Light. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2024; 63:e202319318. [PMID: 38224528 DOI: 10.1002/anie.202319318] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/14/2023] [Revised: 01/12/2024] [Accepted: 01/15/2024] [Indexed: 01/17/2024]
Abstract
Helicity is expressed differently in ortho- and para-fused acenes-helicenes and twistacenes, respectively. While the extent of helicity is constant in helicenes, it can be tuned in twistacenes, and the handedness of flexible twistacenes is often determined by more rigid helicenes. Here, we combine helicenes with rigid twistacenes consisting of a tunable degree of twisting, forming helitwistacenes. While the X-ray structures reveal that the connection does not affect the helicity of each moiety, their electronic circular dichroism (ECD) and circularly polarized luminescence (CPL) spectra are strongly affected by the helicity of the twistacene unit, resulting in solvent-induced sign inversion. ROESY NMR and TD-DFT calculations support this observation, which is explained by differences in the relative orientation of the helicene and twistacene moieties.
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Affiliation(s)
- Israa Shioukhi
- Institute of Chemistry and the Center for Nanoscience and Nanotechnology, The Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Edmond J. Safra Campus, 9190401, Jerusalem, Israel
| | - Harikrishna Batchu
- Institute of Chemistry and the Center for Nanoscience and Nanotechnology, The Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Edmond J. Safra Campus, 9190401, Jerusalem, Israel
| | - Gal Schwartz
- School of Chemistry, Raymond and Beverly Sackler Faculty of Exact Sciences, Tel Aviv University, 6997801, Tel Aviv, Israel
| | - Louis Minion
- Molecular Sciences Research Hub, Department of Chemistry, Imperial College London, White City Campus, 82 Wood Lane, W12 0BZ, London, U.K
| | - Yinon Deree
- Institute of Chemistry and the Center for Nanoscience and Nanotechnology, The Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Edmond J. Safra Campus, 9190401, Jerusalem, Israel
| | - Benny Bogoslavsky
- Institute of Chemistry and the Center for Nanoscience and Nanotechnology, The Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Edmond J. Safra Campus, 9190401, Jerusalem, Israel
| | - Linda J W Shimon
- Chemical Research Support Unit, Weizmann Institute of Science, 76100, Rehovot, Israel
| | - Jessica Wade
- Molecular Sciences Research Hub, Department of Chemistry, Imperial College London, White City Campus, 82 Wood Lane, W12 0BZ, London, U.K
- Department of Materials, Royal School of Mines, Imperial College London, SW7 2AZ, London, U.K
| | - Roy Hoffman
- Institute of Chemistry and the Center for Nanoscience and Nanotechnology, The Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Edmond J. Safra Campus, 9190401, Jerusalem, Israel
| | - Matthew J Fuchter
- Molecular Sciences Research Hub, Department of Chemistry, Imperial College London, White City Campus, 82 Wood Lane, W12 0BZ, London, U.K
| | - Gil Markovich
- School of Chemistry, Raymond and Beverly Sackler Faculty of Exact Sciences, Tel Aviv University, 6997801, Tel Aviv, Israel
| | - Ori Gidron
- Institute of Chemistry and the Center for Nanoscience and Nanotechnology, The Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Edmond J. Safra Campus, 9190401, Jerusalem, Israel
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2
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Xu L, Zhang M, Zhu X, Xue C, Wang HX, Liu M. Solvent-Modulated Chiral Self-Assembly: Selective Formation of Helical Nanotubes, Nanotwists, and Energy Transfer. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2022; 14:1765-1773. [PMID: 34965725 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.1c20969] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
As the medium for self-assembly processes, solvents strongly influence the supramolecular assemblies via specific solute-solvent interactions, which may result in effective modulation of properties, self-assembled nanostructures, and functions through varying the solvent. Here, two kinds of pyridine-cyanostilbene functionalized chiral amphiphiles (l/d-PyPhG and l-PyG) were designed, and their self-assembly behaviors in different solvents were investigated. It was found that both amphiphiles formed gels in dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO) and self-assembled into right-handed nanotwists, while they formed suspensions in ethanol consisting of left-handed nanotubes. Although the molecular chirality in the compounds remained unchanged in the two solvents, the nanoassemblies showed opposite handedness at the nanoscale together with opposite circular dichroism (CD) and circularly polarized luminescence (CPL) signals. Furthermore, when the amphiphiles were co-assembled with an achiral dye, it was found that efficient energy transfer took place in the systems composed of nanotubes rather than those composed of nanotwists. Therefore, by assembling molecules with the same molecular chirality in different solvents, a selective formation of helical nanotubes or nanotwists and the regulation of handedness as well as energy transfer efficiency were achieved.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lifei Xu
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Science (BNLMS), CAS Key Laboratory of Colloid, Interface and Chemical Thermodynamics, Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, P. R. China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, P. R. China
| | - Mingming Zhang
- Interdisciplinary Research Center on Biology and Chemistry, Shanghai Institute of Organic Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 201210, P. R. China
| | - Xuefeng Zhu
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Science (BNLMS), CAS Key Laboratory of Colloid, Interface and Chemical Thermodynamics, Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, P. R. China
| | - Chenlu Xue
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Science (BNLMS), CAS Key Laboratory of Colloid, Interface and Chemical Thermodynamics, Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, P. R. China
| | - Han-Xiao Wang
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Science (BNLMS), CAS Key Laboratory of Colloid, Interface and Chemical Thermodynamics, Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, P. R. China
| | - Minghua Liu
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Science (BNLMS), CAS Key Laboratory of Colloid, Interface and Chemical Thermodynamics, Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, P. R. China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, P. R. China
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3
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Takishima R, Nishii Y, Miura M. Synthesis and Optical Properties of Axially Chiral Bibenzo[ b]carbazole Derivatives. Org Lett 2021; 23:1349-1354. [PMID: 33533627 DOI: 10.1021/acs.orglett.1c00011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Pure organic materials with the circularly polarized luminescence (CPL) property have attracted significant research interest over the past few decades. In this study, a series of axially chiral bibenzo[b]carbazole derivatives were synthesized by adopting palladium- and iridium-catalyzed direct C-H functionalization reactions as the key steps. These compounds exhibited CPL characteristics with considerably large dissymmetry factors up to 2.81 × 10-2 in the solid state, indicating the formation of well-ordered aggregates.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ryo Takishima
- Department of Applied Chemistry, Graduate School of Engineering, Suita, Osaka 565-0871, Japan
| | - Yuji Nishii
- Department of Applied Chemistry, Graduate School of Engineering, Suita, Osaka 565-0871, Japan
| | - Masahiro Miura
- Department of Applied Chemistry, Graduate School of Engineering, Suita, Osaka 565-0871, Japan
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4
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Sang Y, Han J, Zhao T, Duan P, Liu M. Circularly Polarized Luminescence in Nanoassemblies: Generation, Amplification, and Application. ADVANCED MATERIALS (DEERFIELD BEACH, FLA.) 2020; 32:e1900110. [PMID: 31394014 DOI: 10.1002/adma.201900110] [Citation(s) in RCA: 423] [Impact Index Per Article: 105.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/06/2019] [Revised: 05/13/2019] [Indexed: 05/22/2023]
Abstract
Currently, the development of circularly polarized luminescent (CPL) materials has drawn extensive attention due to the numerous potential applications in optical data storage, displays, backlights in 3D displays, and so on. While the fabrication of CPL-active materials generally requires chiral luminescent molecules, the introduction of the "self-assembly" concept offers a new perspective in obtaining the CPL-active materials. Following this approach, various self-assembled materials, including organic-, inorganic-, and hybrid systems can be endowed with CPL properties. Benefiting from the advantages of self-assembly, not only chiral molecules, but also achiral species, as well as inorganic nanoparticles have potential to be self-assembled into chiral nanoassemblies showing CPL activity. In addition, the dissymmetry factor, an important parameter of CPL materials, can be enhanced through various pathways of self-assembly. Here, the present status and progress of self-assembled nanomaterials with CPL activity are reviewed. An overview of the key factors in regulating chiral emission materials at the supramolecular level will largely boost their application in multidisciplinary fields.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yutao Sang
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Science, CAS Key Laboratory of Colloid Interface and Chemical Thermodynamics, Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, No. 2 ZhongGuanCun BeiYiJie, Beijing, 100190, P. R. China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, P. R. China
| | - Jianlei Han
- CAS Center for Excellence in Nanoscience, CAS Key Laboratory of Nanosystem and Hierarchical Fabrication, Division of Nanophotonics, National Center for Nanoscience and Technology (NCNST), No. 11 ZhongGuanCun BeiYiTiao, Beijing, 100190, P. R. China
| | - Tonghan Zhao
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, P. R. China
- CAS Center for Excellence in Nanoscience, CAS Key Laboratory of Nanosystem and Hierarchical Fabrication, Division of Nanophotonics, National Center for Nanoscience and Technology (NCNST), No. 11 ZhongGuanCun BeiYiTiao, Beijing, 100190, P. R. China
| | - Pengfei Duan
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, P. R. China
- CAS Center for Excellence in Nanoscience, CAS Key Laboratory of Nanosystem and Hierarchical Fabrication, Division of Nanophotonics, National Center for Nanoscience and Technology (NCNST), No. 11 ZhongGuanCun BeiYiTiao, Beijing, 100190, P. R. China
| | - Minghua Liu
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Science, CAS Key Laboratory of Colloid Interface and Chemical Thermodynamics, Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, No. 2 ZhongGuanCun BeiYiJie, Beijing, 100190, P. R. China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, P. R. China
- CAS Center for Excellence in Nanoscience, CAS Key Laboratory of Nanosystem and Hierarchical Fabrication, Division of Nanophotonics, National Center for Nanoscience and Technology (NCNST), No. 11 ZhongGuanCun BeiYiTiao, Beijing, 100190, P. R. China
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5
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Zhang MY, Liang X, Ni DN, Liu DH, Peng Q, Zhao CH. 2-(Dimesitylboryl)phenyl-Substituted [2.2]Paracyclophanes Featuring Intense and Sign-Invertible Circularly Polarized Luminescence. Org Lett 2020; 23:2-7. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.orglett.0c02463] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Meng-Yuan Zhang
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Shandong University, Jinan 250100, P.R. China
| | - Xiao Liang
- State Key Laboratory of Coordination Chemistry, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210023, P.R. China
| | - Dan-Ning Ni
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Shandong University, Jinan 250100, P.R. China
| | - Di-Hong Liu
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Shandong University, Jinan 250100, P.R. China
| | - Qian Peng
- Key Laboratory of Organic Solids, Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Science (BNLMS), Beijing 100190, P. R. China
| | - Cui-Hua Zhao
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Shandong University, Jinan 250100, P.R. China
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6
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Liu C, Yang D, Zhang L, Liu M. Water inversed helicity of nanostructures from ionic self-assembly of a chiral gelator and an achiral component. SOFT MATTER 2019; 15:6557-6563. [PMID: 31359009 DOI: 10.1039/c9sm01176e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
The ionic self-assemblies (ISAs) formed by a cationic chiral organogelator (l-glutamide amphiphile, abbreviated as PULG) and anionic dyes exhibited helical nanostructures. And the formed helical structures can be tuned by water amount in the ethanol/water solvent. In pure ethanol, the chirality of the gelator was successfully transferred to the achiral components, which was confirmed by the appearance of an induced CD signal in the achiral components. Meanwhile, the electrostatic interaction between the gelator and achiral dyes contributed to the chirality amplification, causing the nanofibrous structures of the gelator to be transformed to uniform left-handed helices. Upon adding water to ethanol, the induced CD signal exhibited inversion from positive to negative. Interestingly, the left-handed helices formed by ISA of PULG/anionic dyes in ethanol were inverted to right-handed helices with the addition of water. Based on detailed investigations of the XRD patterns, CD and UV/Vis spectra, the mechanism of helicity inversion was proposed: left-handed helices were dominated by hydrogen bonding and right-handed helices were dominated by π-π stacking. This work exemplifies a feasible method to invert the helicity of chiral nanostructures in co-assembly and gives an insight into the conformation change of biomacromolecules in a biological system.
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Affiliation(s)
- Changxia Liu
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Cangzhou Normal University, Cangzhou, 061001, P. R. China
| | - Dong Yang
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Science, CAS Key Laboratory of Colloid, Interface and Chemical Thermodynamics, Institute of Chemistry, The Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100190, P. R. China.
| | - Li Zhang
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Science, CAS Key Laboratory of Colloid, Interface and Chemical Thermodynamics, Institute of Chemistry, The Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100190, P. R. China.
| | - Minghua Liu
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Science, CAS Key Laboratory of Colloid, Interface and Chemical Thermodynamics, Institute of Chemistry, The Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100190, P. R. China.
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7
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Jiménez J, Moreno F, Maroto BL, Cabreros TA, Huy AS, Muller G, Bañuelos J, de la Moya S. Modulating ICT emission: a new strategy to manipulate the CPL sign in chiral emitters. Chem Commun (Camb) 2019; 55:1631-1634. [PMID: 30657143 PMCID: PMC7063650 DOI: 10.1039/c8cc09401b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
Abstract
A new strategy to manipulate the circularly polarized luminescence (CPL) handedness in chiral emitters, based on modulating the population of an emissive ICT state, is proposed. Such a strategy is particularly interesting for conformationally rigid and non-aggregating chiral organic emitters, opening up new perspectives for the development of CPL applications based on organic molecules.
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Affiliation(s)
- Josué Jiménez
- Departamento de Química Orgánica, Facultad de Ciencias Químicas, Universidad Complutense de Madrid, Ciudad Universitaria s/n, Madrid, 28040, Spain.
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8
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Gong J, Yu M, Wang C, Tan J, Wang S, Zhao S, Zhao Z, Qin A, Tang B, Zhang X. Reaction-based chiroptical sensing of ClO− using circularly polarized luminescence via self-assembly organogel. Chem Commun (Camb) 2019; 55:10768-10771. [DOI: 10.1039/c9cc05245c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
A chiral amino acid functionalized probe, PTZ-D, could self-assemble into a chiral organogel displaying unprecedented chiroptical monitoring of ClO− with switchable CPL signals.
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9
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Wada S, Kitagawa Y, Nakanishi T, Gon M, Tanaka K, Fushimi K, Chujo Y, Hasegawa Y. Electronic chirality inversion of lanthanide complex induced by achiral molecules. Sci Rep 2018; 8:16395. [PMID: 30401813 PMCID: PMC6219555 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-018-34790-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/08/2018] [Accepted: 10/25/2018] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
A novel mechanism for chiroptical activity inversion based on the electronic structure of metal complexes without Λ- or Δ-type structure change was demonstrated spectroscopically and theoretically. To demonstrate the mechanism, a europium (Eu(III)) complex with chiral (+)-3-(trifluoroacetyl)camphor (+tfc) and achiral triphenylphosphine oxide (tppo) was prepared. The steric and electronic structures of the Eu(III) complex were adjusted by additional achiral tppo and coordinating acetone molecules, and were characterised by 1H NMR, photoluminescence, and emission lifetime measurements. The optical activity of the Eu(III) complex in solution was evaluated by circularly polarized luminescence (CPL) measurements. CPL sign inversion, which was independent of Λ- or Δ-type structure changes from the spectroscopic viewpoint, and a drastic CPL intensity enhancement were observed depending on the external achiral molecules around Eu(III) ion. These phenomena provide the first clarification of optical activity change associated with electronic structure rather than chiral coordination structure-type (Λ or Δ) under external environments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Satoshi Wada
- Graduate School of Chemical Sciences and Engineering, Hokkaido University, N13 W8, Kita-ku, Sapporo, Hokkaido, 060-8628, Japan
| | - Yuichi Kitagawa
- Faculty of Engineering, Hokkaido University, N13 W8, Kita-ku, Sapporo, Hokkaido, 060-8628, Japan.
| | - Takayuki Nakanishi
- Faculty of Industrial Science and Technology, Tokyo University of Science, 6-3-1 Niijuku, Katsushika-ku, Tokyo, 125-8585, Japan
| | - Masayuki Gon
- Graduate School of Engineering, Kyoto University, Katsura, Nishikyo-ku, Kyoto, 615-8510, Japan
| | - Kazuo Tanaka
- Graduate School of Engineering, Kyoto University, Katsura, Nishikyo-ku, Kyoto, 615-8510, Japan
| | - Koji Fushimi
- Faculty of Engineering, Hokkaido University, N13 W8, Kita-ku, Sapporo, Hokkaido, 060-8628, Japan
| | - Yoshiki Chujo
- Graduate School of Engineering, Kyoto University, Katsura, Nishikyo-ku, Kyoto, 615-8510, Japan
| | - Yasuchika Hasegawa
- Faculty of Engineering, Hokkaido University, N13 W8, Kita-ku, Sapporo, Hokkaido, 060-8628, Japan.
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10
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Hara N, Okazaki M, Shizuma M, Marumoto S, Tajima N, Fujiki M, Imai Y. Swapping Circularly Polarised Luminescence of Eu(III)-Binaphthyl Hybridized Luminophore with and without Oxymethylene Spacer. ChemistrySelect 2017. [DOI: 10.1002/slct.201701460] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Nobuyuki Hara
- Department of Applied Chemistry; Faculty of Science and Engineering; Kindai University, 3-4-1 Kowakae, Higashi-Osaka; Osaka 577-8502 Japan
| | - Mamoru Okazaki
- Department of Applied Chemistry; Faculty of Science and Engineering; Kindai University, 3-4-1 Kowakae, Higashi-Osaka; Osaka 577-8502 Japan
| | - Motohiro Shizuma
- Department of Biochemistry; Osaka Research Institute of Industrial Science and Technology, 1-6-50 Morinomiya, Joto-ku; Osaka 536-8553 Japan
| | - Shinsuke Marumoto
- Department of Applied Chemistry; Faculty of Science and Engineering; Kindai University, 3-4-1 Kowakae, Higashi-Osaka; Osaka 577-8502 Japan
| | - Nobuo Tajima
- Computational Materials Science Center; National Institute for Materials Science, 1-2-1 Sengen, Tsukuba; Ibaraki 305-0047 Japan
| | - Michiya Fujiki
- Graduate School of Materials Science; Nara Institute of Science and Technology, Takayama, Ikoma; Nara 630-0192 Japan
| | - Yoshitane Imai
- Department of Applied Chemistry; Faculty of Science and Engineering; Kindai University, 3-4-1 Kowakae, Higashi-Osaka; Osaka 577-8502 Japan
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11
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Ito S, Ikeda K, Nakanishi S, Imai Y, Asami M. Concentration-dependent circularly polarized luminescence (CPL) of chiral N,N′-dipyrenyldiamines: sign-inverted CPL switching between monomer and excimer regions under retention of the monomer emission for photoluminescence. Chem Commun (Camb) 2017; 53:6323-6326. [DOI: 10.1039/c7cc01351e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 77] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
The CPL of a chiral diamine can be switched between two regions under concomitant inversion of the handedness, while a strong PL intensity is maintained in the same region.
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Affiliation(s)
- Suguru Ito
- Department of Advanced Materials Chemistry
- Graduate School of Engineering
- YOKOHAMA National University
- Yokohama 240-8501
- Japan
| | - Kengo Ikeda
- Department of Advanced Materials Chemistry
- Graduate School of Engineering
- YOKOHAMA National University
- Yokohama 240-8501
- Japan
| | - Shoma Nakanishi
- Department of Applied Chemistry
- Faculty of Science and Engineering
- Kindai University
- Osaka 577-8502
- Japan
| | - Yoshitane Imai
- Department of Applied Chemistry
- Faculty of Science and Engineering
- Kindai University
- Osaka 577-8502
- Japan
| | - Masatoshi Asami
- Department of Advanced Materials Chemistry
- Graduate School of Engineering
- YOKOHAMA National University
- Yokohama 240-8501
- Japan
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12
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Wang Y, Li Y, Liu S, Li F, Zhu C, Li S, Cheng Y. Regulating Circularly Polarized Luminescence Signals of Chiral Binaphthyl-Based Conjugated Polymers by Tuning Dihedral Angles of Binaphthyl Moieties. Macromolecules 2016. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.macromol.6b00883] [Citation(s) in RCA: 72] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Yuxiang Wang
- Key Lab of Mesoscopic Chemistry
of MOE, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210046, P. R. China
| | - Yunzhi Li
- Key Lab of Mesoscopic Chemistry
of MOE, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210046, P. R. China
| | - Shuai Liu
- Key Lab of Mesoscopic Chemistry
of MOE, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210046, P. R. China
| | - Fei Li
- Key Lab of Mesoscopic Chemistry
of MOE, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210046, P. R. China
| | - Chengjian Zhu
- Key Lab of Mesoscopic Chemistry
of MOE, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210046, P. R. China
| | - Shuhua Li
- Key Lab of Mesoscopic Chemistry
of MOE, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210046, P. R. China
| | - Yixiang Cheng
- Key Lab of Mesoscopic Chemistry
of MOE, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210046, P. R. China
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