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Ye L, Xu X, He S, Liu Y, Jin Y, Yang YM, Zhu H. Molecular Triplet Sensitization of Monolayer Semiconductors in 2D Organic/Inorganic Hybrid Heterostructures. ACS NANO 2022; 16:12532-12540. [PMID: 35900068 DOI: 10.1021/acsnano.2c03995] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Hybrid heterostructures (HSs) comprising organic and two-dimensional (2D) monolayer semiconductors hold great promise for optoelectronic applications. So far, research efforts on organic/2D HSs have exclusively focused on coupling directly photoexcited singlets to monolayer semiconductors. It remains unexplored whether and how the optically dark triplets in organic semiconductors with intriguing properties (e.g., long lifetime) can be implemented for modulating light-matter interactions of hybrid HSs. Herein, we investigate the triplet sensitization of monolayer semiconductors by time-resolved spectroscopic studies on Pd-octaethylporphyrin (PdOEP)/WSe2 and PdOEP/WS2 HSs with type I and type II band alignment, respectively. We show that PdOEP triplets formed in ∼5 ps from intersystem crossing can transfer energy or charge to WSe2 or WS2 monolayers, respectively, leading to a significant photoluminescence enhancement (180%) in WSe2 or long-lived charge separation (>2 ns) in WS2. The triplet transfer occurs in ∼100 ns, which is more than 3 orders of magnitude slower than singlet and can be attributed to its tightly localized nature. Further study of thickness dependence reveals the dictating role of triplet diffusion for triplet sensitization in organic/2D HSs. This study shows the great promise of much less explored molecular triplets on sensitizing 2D monolayer semiconductors and provides the guidance to achieve long-range light harvesting and energy migration in organic/2D HSs for enhanced optoelectronic applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lei Ye
- Key Laboratory of Excited-State Materials of Zhejiang Province, Department of Chemistry, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310027, China
- ZJU-Hangzhou Global Scientific and Technological Innovation Center, Hangzhou 310014, China
| | - Xuehui Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Modern Optical Instrumentation, College of Optical Science and Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310027, China
| | - Siyu He
- Key Laboratory of Excited-State Materials of Zhejiang Province, Department of Chemistry, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310027, China
| | - Yanping Liu
- Key Laboratory of Excited-State Materials of Zhejiang Province, Department of Chemistry, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310027, China
| | - Yizheng Jin
- Key Laboratory of Excited-State Materials of Zhejiang Province, Department of Chemistry, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310027, China
| | - Yang Michael Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Modern Optical Instrumentation, College of Optical Science and Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310027, China
| | - Haiming Zhu
- Key Laboratory of Excited-State Materials of Zhejiang Province, Department of Chemistry, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310027, China
- ZJU-Hangzhou Global Scientific and Technological Innovation Center, Hangzhou 310014, China
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Tyulyaeva EY. Reaction chemistry of noble metal porphyrins in solutions as a foundation for practical applications. J Organomet Chem 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jorganchem.2020.121484] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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Gorski A, Kijak M, Zenkevich E, Knyukshto V, Starukhin A, Semeikin A, Lyubimova T, Roliński T, Waluk J. Magnetic Circular Dichroism of meso-Phenyl-Substituted Pd-Octaethylporphyrins. J Phys Chem A 2020; 124:8144-8158. [PMID: 32935546 PMCID: PMC7584373 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpca.0c06669] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Absorption and magnetic circular dichroism (MCD) spectra have been measured and theoretically simulated for a series of palladium octaethylporphyrins substituted at the meso positions with phenyl groups (n = 0-4). Analysis of the spectra included the perimeter model and time-dependent density functional theory (TDDFT) calculations. With the increasing number of phenyl substituents, the molecule is transformed from a positive hard (ΔHOMO > ΔLUMO) to a soft (ΔHOMO ≈ ΔLUMO) chromophore. This is manifested by a drastic decrease of the absorption intensity in the 0-0 region of the Q-band and by the strongly altered ratio of MCD intensities in the Q and Soret regions. Such behavior can be readily predicted using perimeter model, by analyzing frontier orbital shifts caused by various perturbations: alkyl and aryl substitution, insertion of a metal, and deviations from planarity. TDDFT calculations confirm the trends predicted by the perimeter model, but they fail in cases of less symmetrical derivatives to properly reproduce the MCD spectra in the Soret region. Our results confirm the power of the perimeter model in predicting absorption and MCD spectra of large organic molecules, porphyrins in particular. We also postulate, contrary to previous works, that the isolated porphyrin dianion is not a soft chromophore, but rather a strongly positive-hard one.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Gorski
- Institute of Physical Chemistry, Polish Academy of Sciences, Kasprzaka 44/52, Warsaw 01-224, Poland
| | - M Kijak
- Institute of Physical Chemistry, Polish Academy of Sciences, Kasprzaka 44/52, Warsaw 01-224, Poland
| | - E Zenkevich
- National Technical University of Belarus, Department of Information Technologies and Robotics, Nezavisimosti Ave., 65, Minsk 220013, Belarus
| | - V Knyukshto
- B.I. Stepanov Institute of Physics, National Academy of Science of Belarus, Nezavisimosti Ave., 70, 220072 Minsk, Belarus
| | - A Starukhin
- B.I. Stepanov Institute of Physics, National Academy of Science of Belarus, Nezavisimosti Ave., 70, 220072 Minsk, Belarus
| | - A Semeikin
- Ivanovo State University of Chemistry and Technology, Prospect Sheremetjevskii 7, 153000 Ivanovo, Russia
| | - T Lyubimova
- Ivanovo State University of Chemistry and Technology, Prospect Sheremetjevskii 7, 153000 Ivanovo, Russia
| | - T Roliński
- Institute of Physical Chemistry, Polish Academy of Sciences, Kasprzaka 44/52, Warsaw 01-224, Poland
| | - J Waluk
- Institute of Physical Chemistry, Polish Academy of Sciences, Kasprzaka 44/52, Warsaw 01-224, Poland.,Faculty of Mathematics and Science, Cardinal Stefan Wyszyński University, Dewajtis 5, 01-815 Warsaw, Poland
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Golec B, Nawara K, Thummel RP, Waluk J. Photoinduced oxidation of an indole derivative: 2-(1'H-indol-2'-yl)-[1,5]naphthyridine. Photochem Photobiol Sci 2019; 18:2225-2231. [PMID: 30896718 DOI: 10.1039/c8pp00587g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
Abstract
The UV-induced oxidation of 2-(1'H-indol-2'-yl)-[1,5]naphthyridine acetonitrile solution in the presence of air leads to the formation of 2-(1,5-naphthyridin-2-yl)-4H-3,1-benzoxazin-4-one as a major product and N-(2-formylphenyl)-1,5-naphthyridine-2-carboxamide as a minor one. The probable reaction mechanisms are different for the two photoproducts and may involve both the reaction with singlet oxygen generated by the excited substrate or the reaction of the excited substrate with the ground state oxygen molecule. Electronic absorption and IR spectra indicate that both photoproducts are formed as mixtures of syn and anti-rotameric forms. The obtained results indicate an efficient and easy method for the synthesis of molecules with a benzoxazinone structure.
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Affiliation(s)
- Barbara Golec
- Institute of Physical Chemistry, Polish Academy of Sciences, Kasprzaka 44/52, 01-224 Warsaw, Poland.
| | - Krzysztof Nawara
- Faculty of Mathematics and Science, Cardinal Stefan Wyszyński University, Dewajtis 5, 01-815 Warsaw, Poland
| | - Randolph P Thummel
- Department of Chemistry, University of Houston, Houston, TX 77204-5003, USA
| | - Jacek Waluk
- Institute of Physical Chemistry, Polish Academy of Sciences, Kasprzaka 44/52, 01-224 Warsaw, Poland. and Faculty of Mathematics and Science, Cardinal Stefan Wyszyński University, Dewajtis 5, 01-815 Warsaw, Poland
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Combined Picosecond Time-Resolved UV-Vis and NMR Techniques Used for Investigation of the Excited State Intramolecular Triplet-Triplet Energy Transfer. J Phys Chem A 2019; 123:6978-6985. [PMID: 31329436 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpca.9b03414] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
The phenomenon of the intramolecular triplet-triplet (T-T) energy transfer observed for spiro[9,10-dihydro-9-oxoanthracene-10,2'-5',6'-benzindan] (AN) molecule was investigated using stationary and time-resolved techniques in the UV/vis spectral region. The rate constant for energy transfer from anthrone chromophore to the triplet state localized on the naphthalene subunit of AN molecule is 2.8 × 1010 s-1. NMR spectroscopy is rarely used for investigation of molecules in the electronically excited states. Here, we propose 1H NMR combined with UV laser irradiation as a useful method for the recognition of an electron spin densities distribution in the excited triplet state that exists for tens of microseconds in the liquid phase. The direct registration of the 1H NMR signals from molecules in the excited triplet state was not possible due to its short lifetime. However, even the short interaction between unpaired electrons and nuclear spins leads to the changes in the NMR spectrum. The analysis of difference NMR spectra delivers information about the electron spin densities distribution over the skeleton of the molecule in the excited triplet state. In order to understand the nature of the excited states involved in the triplet-triplet energy transfer process, quantum chemical calculations were performed.
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