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Sharbatdaran M, Janbazi M. Effect of temperature on the structure, catalyst and magnetic properties of un-doped zinc oxide nanoparticles: experimental and DFT calculation. RSC Adv 2024; 14:31153-31164. [PMID: 39351420 PMCID: PMC11441191 DOI: 10.1039/d4ra04252b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/10/2024] [Accepted: 09/18/2024] [Indexed: 10/04/2024] Open
Abstract
Zinc oxide nanoparticles were synthesized using sol-gel and hydrothermal techniques and characterized at different calcination temperatures (400, 500, and 600 °C). The study included an analysis of morphology, crystalline phase, particle size, elemental analysis, specific surface area and chemical state. Various characterization methods were employed, including scanning electron microscopy (SEM), transmission electron microscopy (TEM), X-ray powder diffraction (XRD), surface analysis (BET), nitrogen absorption and desorption (N2-desorption), Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), thermal analysis (TGA-DSC), temperature-programmed reduction of hydrogen (H2-TPR). Additionally, magnetic properties ZnO nanoparticles were investigated by electron spin resonance (ESR). The investigation revealed changes in reduction behavior, electron spin states, and magnetic properties. The interplay between defects, crystallization, and stability underscores the complexity of ZnO-NPs. These findings contribute to our understanding of nanomaterials and their potential applications in various fields. Density Functional Theory (DFT) calculations with a Hubbard U correction were performed to investigate native defects in ZnO and ZnOCH structures under oxygen-poor (low temperature), oxygen-rich (high temperature) and equilibrium (average temperature) conditions. The formation energies of native defects were calculated, and ESR spectra were simulated to analyze the presence and absence of C[double bond, length as m-dash]O, C-O, CH, and OH bands, as well as to identify the native defects present during growth. The results of the formation energy calculations and the simulated ESR spectra showed that the growth environment influences the native defects that occur during the ZnO preparation process. Inconsistencies between the calculation of formation energy and the ESR spectra suggested that the C[double bond, length as m-dash]O, C-O, CH, and OH bands were negligible and could be disregarded in the ZnO nanoparticles. The findings from this study contribute to a deeper understanding of ZnO-NPs, enabling the optimization of their properties for specific applications, such as effective catalysts in chemical reactions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Masoomeh Sharbatdaran
- Physics and Accelerators School, Nuclear Sciences and Technology Research Institute Karaj Iran +982634256370
| | - Mehdi Janbazi
- Physics and Accelerators School, Nuclear Sciences and Technology Research Institute Karaj Iran +982634256370
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2
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Li Z, Chen P, Feng J, Zhao M, Zhao Z, Zhang Y, Xu X, Huang H, Zou Z, Li Z. Lattice Oxygen in Photocatalytic Gas-Solid Reactions: Participator vs. Dominator. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2024; 63:e202409876. [PMID: 38923765 DOI: 10.1002/anie.202409876] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/25/2024] [Revised: 06/19/2024] [Accepted: 06/24/2024] [Indexed: 06/28/2024]
Abstract
Lattice-oxygen activation has emerged as a popular strategy for optimizing the performance and selectivity of oxide-based thermocatalysis and electrolysis. However, the significance of lattice oxygen in oxide photocatalysts has been ignored, particularly in gas-solid reactions. Here, using methane oxidation over a Ru1@ZnO single-atom photocatalyst as the prototypical reaction and via 18O isotope labelling techniques, we found that lattice oxygen can directly participate in gas-solid reactions. Lattice oxygen played a dominant role in the photocatalytic reaction, as determined by estimating the kinetic constants in the initial stage. Furthermore, we discovered that dynamic diffusion between O2 and lattice oxygen proceeded even in the absence of targeted reactants. Finally, single-atom Ru can facilitate the activation of adsorbed O2 and the subsequent regeneration of consumed lattice oxygen, thus ensuring high catalyst activity and stability. The results provide guidance for next-generation oxide photocatalysts with improved activities and selectivities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhonghua Li
- National Laboratory of Solid State Microstructures, College of Engineering and Applied Sciences, Nanjing University, Nanjing, 210093, China
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Nano Technology, Nanjing University, Nanjing, 210093, China
| | - Ping Chen
- National Laboratory of Solid State Microstructures, College of Engineering and Applied Sciences, Nanjing University, Nanjing, 210093, China
| | - Jianyong Feng
- National Laboratory of Solid State Microstructures, College of Engineering and Applied Sciences, Nanjing University, Nanjing, 210093, China
| | - Minyue Zhao
- National Laboratory of Solid State Microstructures, College of Engineering and Applied Sciences, Nanjing University, Nanjing, 210093, China
| | - Zongyan Zhao
- Faculty of Materials Science and Engineering, Kunming University of Science and Technology, Kunming, 650093, China
| | - Yuanming Zhang
- National Laboratory of Solid State Microstructures, College of Engineering and Applied Sciences, Nanjing University, Nanjing, 210093, China
| | - Xiaoming Xu
- National Laboratory of Solid State Microstructures, College of Engineering and Applied Sciences, Nanjing University, Nanjing, 210093, China
| | - Huiting Huang
- National Laboratory of Solid State Microstructures, College of Engineering and Applied Sciences, Nanjing University, Nanjing, 210093, China
| | - Zhigang Zou
- National Laboratory of Solid State Microstructures, College of Engineering and Applied Sciences, Nanjing University, Nanjing, 210093, China
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Nano Technology, Nanjing University, Nanjing, 210093, China
| | - Zhaosheng Li
- National Laboratory of Solid State Microstructures, College of Engineering and Applied Sciences, Nanjing University, Nanjing, 210093, China
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Nano Technology, Nanjing University, Nanjing, 210093, China
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3
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Li H, Chen R, Sun L, Wang Y, Liu Q, Zhang Q, Xiao C, Xie Y. Hole Polaron-Mediated Suppression of Electron-Hole Recombination Triggers Efficient Photocatalytic Nitrogen Fixation. ADVANCED MATERIALS (DEERFIELD BEACH, FLA.) 2024:e2408778. [PMID: 39212648 DOI: 10.1002/adma.202408778] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/19/2024] [Revised: 08/21/2024] [Indexed: 09/04/2024]
Abstract
In the pursuit of successful photocatalytic transformations, challenges persist due to limitations in charge carrier utilization and transfer efficiency, which stemming from rapid recombination. Overcoming these limitations necessitates the exploration of novel mechanisms that enhance the effective separation of photogenerated electron-hole pairs. Herein, deviating from the conventional approach of enhancing carrier migration to separate photogenerated charges and extend their lifetime, the proposal is to directly prevent the recombination of photogenerated electrons and holes by forming hole polarons. Specifically, disordered pores are introduced on the surface of KTaO3 ultrathin sheets, and the clear-cut evidences in electron paramagnetic resonance, photoluminescence, and ultrafast spectroscopy unambiguously confirm the enhanced carrier-phonon coupling, which results in the formation of hole polarons to impede the recombination of photogenerated electron-hole pairs. Taking the challenging nitrogen oxidation reaction as an example, it is found that the hole polarons in atomic-disordered pore KTaO3 ultrathin nanosheets trigger outstanding photo-oxidation performance of nitrogen (N2)to nitrate, with a nitrate-producing rate of 2.1 mg g-1 h-1. This scenario is undoubtedly applicable to a wide variety of photocatalytic reactions due to the common challenge of charge carrier recombination in all photocatalytic processes, manifesting broad implications for promoting photocatalysis performance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huiyi Li
- Hefei National Research Center for Physical Sciences at the Microscale, iChEM, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui, 230026, China
| | - Renli Chen
- Hefei National Research Center for Physical Sciences at the Microscale, iChEM, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui, 230026, China
| | - Liang Sun
- Hefei National Research Center for Physical Sciences at the Microscale, iChEM, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui, 230026, China
| | - Yanru Wang
- The Instruments Center for Physical Science, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui, 230026, China
| | - Qilong Liu
- Institute of Energy, Hefei Comprehensive National Science Center, Hefei, Anhui, 230031, China
| | - Qun Zhang
- Hefei National Research Center for Physical Sciences at the Microscale, iChEM, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui, 230026, China
- Hefei National Laboratory, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui, 230088, China
| | - Chong Xiao
- Hefei National Research Center for Physical Sciences at the Microscale, iChEM, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui, 230026, China
| | - Yi Xie
- Hefei National Research Center for Physical Sciences at the Microscale, iChEM, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui, 230026, China
- Hefei National Laboratory, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui, 230088, China
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Woodward AW, Bramham JE, Brookfield A, Golovanov AP, Bowen AM. Simple and effective in situ sample illumination for electron paramagnetic resonance. Chem Commun (Camb) 2024; 60:1012-1015. [PMID: 38170515 DOI: 10.1039/d3cc04802k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/05/2024]
Abstract
Illumination into an electron paramagnetic resonance (EPR) spectrometer is commonly carried out through the optical window, perpendicular to the sample and magnetic field. Here we show that significant improvements can be obtained by using the walls of the EPR tube as a light guide, with the light scattered only around the sample-containing area.
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Affiliation(s)
- Adam W Woodward
- Department of Chemistry, School of Natural Sciences, The University of Manchester, Oxford Road, Manchester, M13 9PL, UK.
- Photon Science Institute, School of Natural Sciences, The University of Manchester, Oxford Road, Manchester, M13 9PL, UK
- National Research Facility for Electron Paramagnetic Resonance Spectroscopy, School of Natural Sciences, The University of Manchester, Oxford Road, Manchester, M13 9PL, UK
| | - Jack E Bramham
- Department of Chemistry, School of Natural Sciences, The University of Manchester, Oxford Road, Manchester, M13 9PL, UK.
| | - Adam Brookfield
- Department of Chemistry, School of Natural Sciences, The University of Manchester, Oxford Road, Manchester, M13 9PL, UK.
- Photon Science Institute, School of Natural Sciences, The University of Manchester, Oxford Road, Manchester, M13 9PL, UK
- National Research Facility for Electron Paramagnetic Resonance Spectroscopy, School of Natural Sciences, The University of Manchester, Oxford Road, Manchester, M13 9PL, UK
| | - Alexander P Golovanov
- Department of Chemistry, School of Natural Sciences, The University of Manchester, Oxford Road, Manchester, M13 9PL, UK.
| | - Alice M Bowen
- Department of Chemistry, School of Natural Sciences, The University of Manchester, Oxford Road, Manchester, M13 9PL, UK.
- Photon Science Institute, School of Natural Sciences, The University of Manchester, Oxford Road, Manchester, M13 9PL, UK
- National Research Facility for Electron Paramagnetic Resonance Spectroscopy, School of Natural Sciences, The University of Manchester, Oxford Road, Manchester, M13 9PL, UK
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5
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Mandal T, Mishra SR, Singh V. Comprehensive advances in the synthesis, fluorescence mechanism and multifunctional applications of red-emitting carbon nanomaterials. NANOSCALE ADVANCES 2023; 5:5717-5765. [PMID: 37881704 PMCID: PMC10597556 DOI: 10.1039/d3na00447c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/23/2023] [Accepted: 09/12/2023] [Indexed: 10/27/2023]
Abstract
Red emitting fluorescent carbon nanomaterials have drawn significant scientific interest in recent years due to their high quantum yield, water-dispersibility, photostability, biocompatibility, ease of surface functionalization, low cost and eco-friendliness. The red emissive characteristics of fluorescent carbon nanomaterials generally depend on the carbon source, reaction time, synthetic approach/methodology, surface functional groups, average size, and other reaction environments, which directly or indirectly help to achieve red emission. The importance of several factors to achieve red fluorescent carbon nanomaterials is highlighted in this review. Numerous plausible theories have been explained in detail to understand the origin of red fluorescence and tunable emission in these carbon-based nanostructures. The above advantages and fluorescence in the red region make them a potential candidate for multifunctional applications in various current fields. Therefore, this review focused on the recent advances in the synthesis approach, mechanism of fluorescence, and electronic and optical properties of red-emitting fluorescent carbon nanomaterials. This review also explains the several innovative applications of red-emitting fluorescent carbon nanomaterials such as biomedicine, light-emitting devices, sensing, photocatalysis, energy, anticounterfeiting, fluorescent silk, artificial photosynthesis, etc. It is hoped that by choosing appropriate methods, the present review can inspire and guide future research on the design of red emissive fluorescent carbon nanomaterials for potential advancements in multifunctional applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tuhin Mandal
- Environment Emission and CRM Section, CSIR-Central Institute of Mining and Fuel Research Dhanbad Jharkhand 828108 India
- Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR) Ghaziabad 201 002 India
| | - Shiv Rag Mishra
- Environment Emission and CRM Section, CSIR-Central Institute of Mining and Fuel Research Dhanbad Jharkhand 828108 India
- Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR) Ghaziabad 201 002 India
| | - Vikram Singh
- Environment Emission and CRM Section, CSIR-Central Institute of Mining and Fuel Research Dhanbad Jharkhand 828108 India
- Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR) Ghaziabad 201 002 India
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Wu W, Luo Z, Liu B, Qiu X, Lin J, Sun S, Wang X, Lin X, Qin Y. Zinc Vacancy Promotes Photo-Reforming Lignin Model to H 2 Evolution and Value-Added Chemicals Production. SMALL METHODS 2023; 7:e2300462. [PMID: 37254264 DOI: 10.1002/smtd.202300462] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/07/2023] [Revised: 05/02/2023] [Indexed: 06/01/2023]
Abstract
Lignin, rich in β-O-4 bonds and aromatic structure, is a renewable and potential resource for value-added chemicals and promoting H2 evolution. However, direct photo-reforming lignin remains a huge challenge due to its recalcitrant structure. Herein, a collaborative strategy is proposed by dispersing Pt on zinc-vacancy-riched ZnIn2 S4 (Pt/VZn -ZIS) for revealing the effect of lignin structure during photo-reforming process with lignin models. And a series of theoretical calculations and experimental results show that lignin model substances with more nucleophilic group structures will have a stronger tendency to occur the photo-reforming reactions. In addition, benefiting of Pt-S electronic channel is formed by occupying Pt atom onto zinc vacancies in ZnIn2 S4 , which can effectively reduce the energy barrier of H2 evolution and accompany the selective oxidation of lignin model from Cα-OH to Cα = O under simulated sunlight. The natural lignin is used to further demonstrate this selective oxidation mechanism. The presented work demonstrates the photo-reforming lignin model mechanism and the influence of lignin-structure during the process of photo-reforming.
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Affiliation(s)
- Weidong Wu
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Plant Resources Biorefinery, School of Chemical Engineering and Light Industry, Guangdong University of Technology, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 510006, P. R. China
| | - Zhicheng Luo
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Plant Resources Biorefinery, School of Chemical Engineering and Light Industry, Guangdong University of Technology, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 510006, P. R. China
| | - Bowen Liu
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Plant Resources Biorefinery, School of Chemical Engineering and Light Industry, Guangdong University of Technology, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 510006, P. R. China
| | - Xueqing Qiu
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Plant Resources Biorefinery, School of Chemical Engineering and Light Industry, Guangdong University of Technology, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 510006, P. R. China
| | - Jinxin Lin
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Plant Resources Biorefinery, School of Chemical Engineering and Light Industry, Guangdong University of Technology, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 510006, P. R. China
| | - Shirong Sun
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Plant Resources Biorefinery, School of Chemical Engineering and Light Industry, Guangdong University of Technology, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 510006, P. R. China
| | - Xiaofei Wang
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Plant Resources Biorefinery, School of Chemical Engineering and Light Industry, Guangdong University of Technology, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 510006, P. R. China
| | - Xuliang Lin
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Plant Resources Biorefinery, School of Chemical Engineering and Light Industry, Guangdong University of Technology, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 510006, P. R. China
| | - Yanlin Qin
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Plant Resources Biorefinery, School of Chemical Engineering and Light Industry, Guangdong University of Technology, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 510006, P. R. China
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Zhao S, Zhang Y, Li J, Qi L, Tang Y, Zhu J, Zhi J, Huang F. A Heteroanionic Zinc Ion Conductor for Dendrite-Free Zn Metal Anodes. ADVANCED MATERIALS (DEERFIELD BEACH, FLA.) 2023; 35:e2300195. [PMID: 36813539 DOI: 10.1002/adma.202300195] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/07/2023] [Revised: 02/11/2023] [Indexed: 05/05/2023]
Abstract
Although zinc-based batteries are promising candidates for eco-friendly and cost-effective energy storage devices, their performance is severely retarded by dendrite formation. As the simplest zinc compounds, zinc chalcogenides, and halides are individually applied as a Zn protection layer due to high zinc ion conductivity. However, the mixed-anion compounds are not studied, which constrains the Zn2+ diffusion in single-anion lattices to their own limits. A heteroanionic zinc ion conductor (Zny O1- x Fx ) coating layer is designed by in situ growth method with tunable F content and thickness. Strengthened by F aliovalent doping, the Zn2+ conductivity is enhanced within the wurtzite motif for rapid lattice Zn migration. Zny O1- x Fx also affords zincophilic sites for oriented superficial Zn plating to suppress dendrite growth. Therefore, Zny O1- x Fx -coated anode exhibits a low overpotential of 20.4 mV for 1000 h cycle life at a plating capacity of 1.0 mA h cm-2 during symmetrical cell test. The MnO2 //Zn full battery further proves high stability of 169.7 mA h g-1 for 1000 cycles. This work may enlighten the mixed-anion tuning for high-performance Zn-based energy storage devices.
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Affiliation(s)
- Siwei Zhao
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences and State Key Laboratory of Rare Earth Materials Chemistry and Applications, College of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, Peking University, Beijing, 100871, P. R. China
| | - Yujing Zhang
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, College of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, Peking University, Beijing, 100871, P. R. China
| | - Jidao Li
- College of Chemical Engineering, Fuzhou University, Fuzhou, 350116, P. R. China
- Laboratory of Theoretical and Computational Nanoscience, CAS Center for Excellence in Nanoscience, National Center for Nanoscience and Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100871, P. R. China
| | - Limin Qi
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, College of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, Peking University, Beijing, 100871, P. R. China
| | - Yuxin Tang
- College of Chemical Engineering, Fuzhou University, Fuzhou, 350116, P. R. China
| | - Jia Zhu
- Laboratory of Theoretical and Computational Nanoscience, CAS Center for Excellence in Nanoscience, National Center for Nanoscience and Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100871, P. R. China
| | - Jian Zhi
- State Key Laboratory of High-Performance Ceramics and Superfine Microstructure, Shanghai Institute of Ceramics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, 200050, P. R. China
| | - Fuqiang Huang
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences and State Key Laboratory of Rare Earth Materials Chemistry and Applications, College of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, Peking University, Beijing, 100871, P. R. China
- State Key Laboratory of High-Performance Ceramics and Superfine Microstructure, Shanghai Institute of Ceramics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, 200050, P. R. China
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Zeng YH, Chu FJ, Shih LC, Chen YC, Chen JS. Dual Light Temporal Coding Modes Enabled by Nanoparticle-Mediated Phototransistors via Gate Bias Modulation for Brain-Inspired Visual Perception. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2023; 15:9563-9573. [PMID: 36752393 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.2c18699] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
The core integration and cooperation of the retina, neurons, and synapses in the visual systems enable humans to effectively sense and process visual information with low power consumption. To mimic the human visual system, an artificial sensory nerve, along with optical sensing─a paired-pulse ratio (PPR) of the light pulse stimulated currents─and neural coding has been developed. For performing the artificial visual perception functions, we consistently reveal the positive and negative correlations between the PPR index and light pulse time interval by applying two consecutive light stimuli with gate voltages of -10 and 5 V, respectively, to a phototransistor. This phototransistor contains a heterostructured channel layer composed of zinc-oxide nanoparticles (ZnO NPs) interconnected with a solution-processed zinc-tin oxide (ZTO) film. The oxygen adsorption and desorption on the ZnO NP surface under light illumination are responsible for the positive-sloped PPR; the electron trapping effect at the ZnO NP/SiO2 interface is attributed to the negative-sloped PPR. The various accountable light power densities and number of surface trap states are considered to be directly realizing these spike-timing interval-dependent characteristics. The actual benefit of these characteristics is the dual temporal coding modes based on multiplicative operation using a ZTO/ZnO NP phototransistor realized via the active gate voltage modulation. The contrary tendency of the PPR index and temporal coding─a major biological neural coding─is well demonstrated by the potential of ZTO/ZnO NP phototransistors to be implemented in sensor networks for an artificial visual perception.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yun-Huei Zeng
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan 70101, Taiwan
| | - Fang-Jui Chu
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan 70101, Taiwan
| | - Li-Chung Shih
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan 70101, Taiwan
| | - Yu-Chieh Chen
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan 70101, Taiwan
| | - Jen-Sue Chen
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan 70101, Taiwan
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Chizhov A, Kutukov P, Astafiev A, Rumyantseva M. Photoactivated Processes on the Surface of Metal Oxides and Gas Sensitivity to Oxygen. SENSORS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2023; 23:s23031055. [PMID: 36772093 PMCID: PMC9919573 DOI: 10.3390/s23031055] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/26/2022] [Revised: 01/10/2023] [Accepted: 01/13/2023] [Indexed: 06/01/2023]
Abstract
Photoactivation by UV and visible radiation is a promising approach for the development of semiconductor gas sensors with reduced power consumption, high sensitivity, and stability. Although many hopeful results were achieved in this direction, the theoretical basis for the processes responsible for the photoactivated gas sensitivity still needs to be clarified. In this work, we investigated the mechanisms of UV-activated processes on the surface of nanocrystalline ZnO, In2O3, and SnO2 by in situ mass spectrometry and compared the obtained results with the gas sensitivity to oxygen in the dark and at UV irradiation. The results revealed a correlation between the photoactivated oxygen isotopic exchange activity and UV-activated oxygen gas sensitivity of the studied metal oxides. To interpret the data obtained, a model was proposed based on the idea of the generation of additional oxygen vacancies under UV irradiation due to the interaction with photoexcited holes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Artem Chizhov
- Chemistry Department, Moscow State University, 119991 Moscow, Russia
| | - Pavel Kutukov
- Chemistry Department, Moscow State University, 119991 Moscow, Russia
| | - Artyom Astafiev
- N.N. Semenov Federal Research Center for Chemical Physics of Russian Academy of Sciences, 119991 Moscow, Russia
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10
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Sharma S, Acharya AD, Thakur YS, Bhawna. Controlled synthesis of hierarchical BiOCl nanostructure with exposed {010} facets to yield enhanced photocatalytic performance for PMMA deterioration. JOURNAL OF POLYMER RESEARCH 2022. [DOI: 10.1007/s10965-022-03313-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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11
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Cherif S, Bonnet P, Frezet L, Kane A, Assadi AA, Trari M, Yazid H, Djelal H. The photocatalytic degradation of a binary textile dyes mixture within a new configuration of loop reactor using ZnO thin film-phytotoxicity control. CR CHIM 2022. [DOI: 10.5802/crchim.198] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
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Cherif S, Djelal H, Firmin S, Bonnet P, Frezet L, Kane A, Amine Assadi A, Trari M, Yazid H. The impact of material design on the photocatalytic removal efficiency and toxicity of two textile dyes. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2022; 29:66640-66658. [PMID: 35504995 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-022-20452-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/14/2021] [Accepted: 04/21/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
This study deals with the toxicity of the treated solutions of two types of dyes, namely, the anthraquinonic Reactive Bleu 19 dye (RB19) and the bi-azoic Direct Red 227 dye (DR227), which are treated in single and binary mixture systems. The target molecules were removed by the photocatalysis process using ZnO as a catalyst, which was calcined at two temperatures 250 and 420 °C (ZnO250 and ZnO420) prepared in the lab by the one-step calcination method. XRD, TEM, EDX, XPS, FT-IR, BET, RAMAN, and EPR analyses were carried out to characterize the catalyst material. While the phytotoxicity was being conducted using watercress seeds, the cytotoxicity took place using a cell line (raw) and an intestinal cell (caco-2). The XRD analysis showed the partial calcination of ZnO250 and the presence of anhydrous zinc acetate along with the ZnO nanoparticles (NPs). This result was not observed for ZnO420. Despite the complete discoloration (100%) of all the final solutions, ZnO250 exhibited a high cytotoxicity and phytotoxicity against the RB19 dye after the photocatalytic treatment; however, it was not the case of ZnO420 which was selected as an eco-friendly photocatalyst for the degradation of organic dyes based on the results of removal efficiency, cytotoxicity, and phytotoxicity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sonia Cherif
- Laboratory of Reaction Engineering, Faculty of Mechanical Engineering and Process Engineering, USTHB, BP 32 Al Alia, 16111, Algiers, Algeria.
- UniLaSalle-Ecole Des Métiers de L'Environnement, CYCLANN, Campus de Ker Lann, 35 170, Bruz, France.
| | - Hayet Djelal
- UniLaSalle-Ecole Des Métiers de L'Environnement, CYCLANN, Campus de Ker Lann, 35 170, Bruz, France
| | - Stephane Firmin
- UniLaSalle, Aghyle UP2018.C101, 19 rue Pierre Waguet, BP 30313 Cedex, F-60026, Beauvais, France
| | - Pierre Bonnet
- Universite Clermont Auvergne, Institut de Chimie de Clermont-Ferrand (ICCF), 24 Avenue Blaise Pascal, 63178, Aubiere, France
| | - Lawrence Frezet
- Universite Clermont Auvergne, Institut de Chimie de Clermont-Ferrand (ICCF), 24 Avenue Blaise Pascal, 63178, Aubiere, France
| | - Abdoulaye Kane
- UniLaSalle-Ecole Des Métiers de L'Environnement, CYCLANN, Campus de Ker Lann, 35 170, Bruz, France
| | - Aymen Amine Assadi
- Universite Clermont Auvergne, Institut de Chimie de Clermont-Ferrand (ICCF), 24 Avenue Blaise Pascal, 63178, Aubiere, France
- Univ Rennes, Ecole Nationale Supérieure de Chimie de Rennes, CNRS, ISCR, UMR6226, 3500, Rennes, France
| | - Mohamed Trari
- Laboratory of Storage and Valorization of Renewable Energies, Faculty of Chemistry, USTHB, BP 32, El Alia, 16111, Algiers, Algeria
| | - Hynda Yazid
- Laboratory of Reaction Engineering, Faculty of Mechanical Engineering and Process Engineering, USTHB, BP 32 Al Alia, 16111, Algiers, Algeria
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Altaf CT, Coskun O, Kumtepe A, Rostas AM, Iatsunskyi I, Coy E, Erdem E, Sankir M, Sankir ND. Photo-supercapacitors based on nanoscaled ZnO. Sci Rep 2022; 12:11487. [PMID: 35798769 PMCID: PMC9262889 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-022-15180-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/21/2022] [Accepted: 06/20/2022] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
In this study, zinc oxide (ZnO) powders in two different morphologies, nanowire (NW) and nanoflower (NF), have been synthesized by the hydrothermal method. The eligibility of the pristine ZnO nanopowders as a photo-active material has been revealed by designing P-SC devices via the facile drop-casting method on both glass and plastic substrates in large-area applications. The impact of physical properties and especially defect structures on photo-supercapacitor (P-SC) performance have been explored. Although the dark Coulombic efficiency (CE%) of both NW and NF-based P-SC were very close to each other, the CE% of NW P-SC increased 3 times, while the CE% of NF P-SC increased 1.7 times under the UV-light. This is because the charge carriers produced under light excitation, extend the discharge time, and as confirmed by electron paramagnetic resonance, photoluminescence, and transmission electron microscopy analyses, the performance of P-SCs made from NF powders was relatively low compared to those produced from NW due to the high core defects in NF powders. The energy density of 78.1 mWh kg−1 obtained for NF-based P-SCs is very promising, and the capacitance retention value of almost 100% for 3000 cycles showed that the P-SCs produced from these materials were entirely stable. Compared to the literature, the P-SCs we propose in this study are essential for new generation energy storage systems, thanks to their ease of design, adaptability to mass production for large-area applications, and their ability to store more energy under illumination.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cigdem Tuc Altaf
- Department of Materials Science and Nanotechnology Engineering, TOBB University of Economics and Technology, Sogutozu Caddesi No 43 Sogutozu, 06560, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Ozlem Coskun
- Micro and Nanotechnology Graduate Program, TOBB University of Economics and Technology, Sogutozu Caddesi No 43 Sogutozu, 06560, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Alihan Kumtepe
- Micro and Nanotechnology Graduate Program, TOBB University of Economics and Technology, Sogutozu Caddesi No 43 Sogutozu, 06560, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Arpad Mihai Rostas
- National Institute for Research and Development of Isotopic and Molecular Technologies, 67-103 Donat, PO 5 Box 700, 400293, Cluj-Napoca, Romania
| | - Igor Iatsunskyi
- NanoBioMedical Centre, Adam Mickiewicz University in Poznań, Wszechnicy Piastowskiej 3, 61-614, Poznań, Poland
| | - Emerson Coy
- NanoBioMedical Centre, Adam Mickiewicz University in Poznań, Wszechnicy Piastowskiej 3, 61-614, Poznań, Poland
| | - Emre Erdem
- Faculty of Engineering and Natural Sciences, Sabanci University, Orhanli, 34956, Tuzla, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Mehmet Sankir
- Department of Materials Science and Nanotechnology Engineering, TOBB University of Economics and Technology, Sogutozu Caddesi No 43 Sogutozu, 06560, Ankara, Turkey. .,Micro and Nanotechnology Graduate Program, TOBB University of Economics and Technology, Sogutozu Caddesi No 43 Sogutozu, 06560, Ankara, Turkey.
| | - Nurdan Demirci Sankir
- Department of Materials Science and Nanotechnology Engineering, TOBB University of Economics and Technology, Sogutozu Caddesi No 43 Sogutozu, 06560, Ankara, Turkey. .,Micro and Nanotechnology Graduate Program, TOBB University of Economics and Technology, Sogutozu Caddesi No 43 Sogutozu, 06560, Ankara, Turkey.
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14
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Ito H, Yoshioka D, Hamada M, Okamoto T, Kobori Y, Kobayashi Y. Photochromism of colloidal ZnO nanocrystal powders under ambient conditions. PHOTOCHEMICAL & PHOTOBIOLOGICAL SCIENCES : OFFICIAL JOURNAL OF THE EUROPEAN PHOTOCHEMISTRY ASSOCIATION AND THE EUROPEAN SOCIETY FOR PHOTOBIOLOGY 2022; 21:1781-1791. [PMID: 35776411 DOI: 10.1007/s43630-022-00256-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/27/2022] [Accepted: 06/09/2022] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Zinc oxide (ZnO) nanocrystals (NCs) exhibit photochromic reactions under specific conditions upon ultraviolet light irradiation. Since the color is originated from the excited electrons at the conduction band of ZnO NCs, the photoinduced absorption is observed only in the solution with hole acceptors under inert conditions. ZnO is earth-abundant and less toxic than many other substances, and has been widely used in various industrial fields. If the photochromic reaction of ZnO can be observed consistently under ambient conditions, the material may pave the way for large-scale photochromic applications such as in pigments, windows, and building materials in addition to conventional photochromic applications. In this study, we synthesize hydrophilic ZnO NCs and observe the solid-state photochromic reactions in the visible to mid-infrared regions even in humid-air conditions. We reveal that the coloration of powders of ZnO NCs under ambient conditions originates mainly from two factors: (1) charge separation induced by hole trapping by water molecules adsorbed on the surface of NCs, and (2) deceleration of the reactions involving the electrons in the conduction band of ZnO NCs with molecular oxygen and the adsorbed water molecules.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hiroki Ito
- Department of Applied Chemistry, College of Life Sciences, Ritsumeikan University, Kusatsu, Shiga, 525-8577, Japan
| | - Daisuke Yoshioka
- Department of Applied Chemistry, College of Life Sciences, Ritsumeikan University, Kusatsu, Shiga, 525-8577, Japan
| | - Morihiko Hamada
- Department of Applied Chemistry, Kobe City College of Technology, Kobe, 651-2194, Japan
| | - Tsubasa Okamoto
- Molecular Photoscience Research Center, Kobe University, 1-1, Rokkodai-cho, Nada-ku, Kobe, 657-8501, Japan.,Department of Chemistry, Graduate School of Science, Kobe University, 1-1 Rokkodai-cho, Nada-ku, Kobe, 657-8501, Japan
| | - Yasuhiro Kobori
- Molecular Photoscience Research Center, Kobe University, 1-1, Rokkodai-cho, Nada-ku, Kobe, 657-8501, Japan.,Department of Chemistry, Graduate School of Science, Kobe University, 1-1 Rokkodai-cho, Nada-ku, Kobe, 657-8501, Japan
| | - Yoichi Kobayashi
- Department of Applied Chemistry, College of Life Sciences, Ritsumeikan University, Kusatsu, Shiga, 525-8577, Japan.
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15
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Pacchioni G, Rahman TS. Defect engineering of oxide surfaces: dream or reality? JOURNAL OF PHYSICS. CONDENSED MATTER : AN INSTITUTE OF PHYSICS JOURNAL 2022; 34:291501. [PMID: 35504272 DOI: 10.1088/1361-648x/ac6c6d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/02/2022] [Accepted: 05/03/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
In this brief perspective we analyze the present status of the field of defect engineering of oxide surfaces. In particular we discuss the tools and techniques available to generate, identify, quantify, and characterize point defects at oxide surfaces and the main areas where these centers play a role in practical applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gianfranco Pacchioni
- Dipartimento di Scienza dei Materiali, Università di Milano-Bicocca, via R. Cozzi 55, 202125, Milano, Italy
| | - Talat S Rahman
- Department of Physics, University of Central Florida, Orlando, FL 32816, United States of America
- Renewable Energy and Chemical Transformation Cluster, University of Central Florida, Orlando, FL 32816, United States of America
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16
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Nitrogen-Doped Zinc Oxide for Photo-Driven Molecular Hydrogen Production. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms23095222. [PMID: 35563612 PMCID: PMC9100422 DOI: 10.3390/ijms23095222] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/01/2022] [Revised: 05/03/2022] [Accepted: 05/04/2022] [Indexed: 01/18/2023] Open
Abstract
Due to its thermal stability, conductivity, high exciton binding energy and high electron mobility, zinc oxide is one of the most studied semiconductors in the field of photocatalysis. However, the wide bandgap requires the use of UV photons to harness its potential. A convenient way to appease such a limitation is the doping of the lattice with foreign atoms which, in turn, introduce localized states (defects) within the bandgap. Such localized states make the material optically active in the visible range and reduce the energy required to initiate photo-driven charge separation events. In this work, we employed a green synthetic procedure to achieve a high level of doping and have demonstrated how the thermal treatment during synthesis is crucial to select specific the microscopic (molecular) nature of the defect and, ultimately, the type of chemistry (reduction versus oxidation) that the material is able to perform. We found that low-temperature treatments produce material with higher efficiency in the water photosplitting reaction. This constitutes a further step in the establishment of N-doped ZnO as a photocatalyst for artificial photosynthesis.
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17
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Cerrato E, Calza P, Cristina Paganini M. Photocatalytic reductive and oxidative ability study of pristine ZnO and CeO2-ZnO heterojunction impregnated with Cu2O. J Photochem Photobiol A Chem 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jphotochem.2022.113775] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
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18
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Cerrato E, Chiesa M, Giamello E, Livraghi S, Salvadori E, Paganini MC. Zinc oxide hollow spheres decorated with cerium dioxide. The role of morphology in the photoactivity of semiconducting oxides. JOURNAL OF PHYSICS. CONDENSED MATTER : AN INSTITUTE OF PHYSICS JOURNAL 2022; 34:134001. [PMID: 34942602 DOI: 10.1088/1361-648x/ac4629] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/21/2021] [Accepted: 12/23/2021] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
The photochemical activity of the recently proposed CeO2-ZnO photocatalytic material active under visible light has been improved by means of significant modifications of its morphology. A polymeric templating agent (Pluronic) has been used in the synthesis obtaining a particle morphology based on hollow spheres that is better defined in the case of high template concentration. The charge separation ability and the light-induced surface electron transfer under irradiation with visible polychromatic light in various ranges of wavelengths has been investigated by electron paramagnetic resonance. The reactivity of the photogenerated holes has been monitored by the spin trapping technique in the presence of DMPO. The hollow spheres morphology achieved through the synthesis here reported leads to systems with a higher photoactivity under visible irradiation than the same system displaying the classic platelets morphology. A parallel increase of the photocatalytic activity of this novel system in pollution remediation reactions is therefore predictable.
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Affiliation(s)
- Erik Cerrato
- Dipartimento di Chimica, via Giuria 7, 10125 Torino, Italy
| | - Mario Chiesa
- Dipartimento di Chimica, via Giuria 7, 10125 Torino, Italy
| | - Elio Giamello
- Dipartimento di Chimica, via Giuria 7, 10125 Torino, Italy
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19
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Luo L, Gong Z, Xu Y, Ma J, Liu H, Xing J, Tang J. Binary Au-Cu Reaction Sites Decorated ZnO for Selective Methane Oxidation to C1 Oxygenates with Nearly 100% Selectivity at Room Temperature. J Am Chem Soc 2021; 144:740-750. [PMID: 34928583 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.1c09141] [Citation(s) in RCA: 52] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
Direct and efficient oxidation of methane to methanol and the related liquid oxygenates provides a promising pathway for sustainable chemical industry, while still remaining an ongoing challenge owing to the dilemma between methane activation and overoxidation. Here, ZnO with highly dispersed dual Au and Cu species as cocatalysts enables efficient and selective photocatalytic conversion of methane to methanol and one-carbon (C1) oxygenates using O2 as the oxidant operated at ambient temperature. The optimized AuCu-ZnO photocatalyst achieves up to 11225 μmol·g-1·h-1 of primary products (CH3OH and CH3OOH) and HCHO with a nearly 100% selectivity, resulting in a 14.1% apparent quantum yield at 365 nm, much higher than the previous best photocatalysts reported for methane conversion to oxygenates. In situ EPR and XPS disclose that Cu species serve as photoinduced electron mediators to promote O2 activation to •OOH, and simultaneously that Au is an efficient hole acceptor to enhance H2O oxidation to •OH, thus synergistically promoting charge separation and methane transformation. This work highlights the significances of co-modification with suitable dual cocatalysts on simultaneous regulation of activity and selectivity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lei Luo
- Key Lab of Synthetic and Natural Functional Molecule Chemistry of Ministry of Education, the Energy and Catalysis Hub, College of Chemistry and Materials Science, Northwest University, Xi'an 710127, P. R. China
| | - Zhuyu Gong
- Key Lab of Synthetic and Natural Functional Molecule Chemistry of Ministry of Education, the Energy and Catalysis Hub, College of Chemistry and Materials Science, Northwest University, Xi'an 710127, P. R. China
| | - Youxun Xu
- Department of Chemical Engineering, University College London, Torrington Place, London WC1E 7JE, U.K
| | - Jiani Ma
- Key Lab of Synthetic and Natural Functional Molecule Chemistry of Ministry of Education, the Energy and Catalysis Hub, College of Chemistry and Materials Science, Northwest University, Xi'an 710127, P. R. China
| | - Huifen Liu
- Key Lab of Synthetic and Natural Functional Molecule Chemistry of Ministry of Education, the Energy and Catalysis Hub, College of Chemistry and Materials Science, Northwest University, Xi'an 710127, P. R. China
| | - Jialiang Xing
- Key Lab of Synthetic and Natural Functional Molecule Chemistry of Ministry of Education, the Energy and Catalysis Hub, College of Chemistry and Materials Science, Northwest University, Xi'an 710127, P. R. China
| | - Junwang Tang
- Department of Chemical Engineering, University College London, Torrington Place, London WC1E 7JE, U.K
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20
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Song M, Wang L, Li J, Sun D, Guan R, Zhai H, Gao X, Li X, Zhao Z, Sun Z. Defect density modulation of La 2TiO 5: An effective method to suppress electron-hole recombination and improve photocatalytic nitrogen fixation. J Colloid Interface Sci 2021; 602:748-755. [PMID: 34171745 DOI: 10.1016/j.jcis.2021.06.055] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/26/2021] [Revised: 06/05/2021] [Accepted: 06/09/2021] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
Highly active and efficient photocatalysts are crucial for the exploration of ammonia synthesis because of the serious problem of energy deficiency. La2TiO5 (LTO) perovskite materials have great advantages in the field of photocatalytic nitrogen fixation because of the broadly diversified properties. The rational design of surface defect is a valid method to modulate photoinduced charge traps and create defect energy levels, especially it is an effective way to suppress the photoinduced charge recombination. Herein, LTO was obtained by a simple sol-gel method and was further reduced by NaBH4 to introduce oxygen defect on its surface. UV-vis spectra proved that the surface defects could reduce the band gap value of samples, which is beneficial for improving photocatalytic nitrogen fixation activity. For the best photocatalytic samples with good cycle stability, the nitrogen fixation rate is 158.13 μmol·g-1·h-1. The mechanism of photocatalytic nitrogen fixation was proposed by the PL, XPS, and PEC results, which provided possibilities for exploring more promising perovskite catalysts in the field of nitrogen fixation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Muyao Song
- Key Laboratory of Preparation and Applications of Environmental Friendly Materials of the Ministry of Education, Jilin Normal University, Changchun 130103, China
| | - Lijing Wang
- Henan Engineering Center of New Energy Battery Materials, Henan D&A Engineering Center of Advanced Battery Materials, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Shangqiu Normal University, Shangqiu 476000, China
| | - Jiaxin Li
- Key Laboratory of Preparation and Applications of Environmental Friendly Materials of the Ministry of Education, Jilin Normal University, Changchun 130103, China
| | - Dewu Sun
- Key Laboratory of Preparation and Applications of Environmental Friendly Materials of the Ministry of Education, Jilin Normal University, Changchun 130103, China.
| | - Renquan Guan
- Key Laboratory of Preparation and Applications of Environmental Friendly Materials of the Ministry of Education, Jilin Normal University, Changchun 130103, China; Faculty of Chemistry, Northeast Normal University, Changchun 130024, China
| | - Hongju Zhai
- Key Laboratory of Preparation and Applications of Environmental Friendly Materials of the Ministry of Education, Jilin Normal University, Changchun 130103, China.
| | - Xinchun Gao
- Key Laboratory of Preparation and Applications of Environmental Friendly Materials of the Ministry of Education, Jilin Normal University, Changchun 130103, China
| | - Xiaohui Li
- Key Laboratory of Preparation and Applications of Environmental Friendly Materials of the Ministry of Education, Jilin Normal University, Changchun 130103, China
| | - Zhao Zhao
- Key Laboratory of Preparation and Applications of Environmental Friendly Materials of the Ministry of Education, Jilin Normal University, Changchun 130103, China; Faculty of Chemistry, Northeast Normal University, Changchun 130024, China.
| | - Zaicheng Sun
- Center of Excellence for Environmental Safety and Biological Effects, Beijing Key Lab for Green Catalysis and Separation, Department of Chemistry and Biology, College of Environmental and Energy Engineering, Beijing University of Technology, Beijing 100124, China
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21
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Synthesis of Heterostructure of ZnO@MOF-46(Zn) to Improve the Photocatalytic Performance in Methylene Blue Degradation. CRYSTALS 2021. [DOI: 10.3390/cryst11111379] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Abstract
The heterostructure of ZnO and MOF-46(Zn) was synthesized to improve the photocatalytic performance of ZnO and prove the synergistic theory that presented the coexistence of ZnO and MOF-46(Zn), providing better efficiency than pure ZnO. The heterostructure material was synthesized by using prepared ZnO as a Zn2+ source, which was reacted with 2-aminoterephthalic acid (2-ATP) as a ligand to cover the surface of ZnO with MOF-46(Zn). The ZnO reactant materials were modified by pyrolysis of various morphologies of IRMOF-3 (Zn-MOF) prepared by using CTAB as a morphology controller. The octahedral ZnO obtained at 150 mg of CTAB shows better efficiency for photodegradation, with 85.79% within 3 h and a band gap energy of 3.11 eV. It acts as a starting material for synthesis of ZnO@MOF-46(Zn). The ZnO/MOF-46(Zn) composite was further used as a photocatalyst material in the dye (methylene blue: MB) degradation process, and the performance was compared with that of pure prepared ZnO. The results show that the photocatalytic efficiency with 61.20% in the MB degradation of the heterostructure is higher than that of pure ZnO within 60 min (90.09% within 180 min). The reason for this result may be that the coexistence of ZnO and MOF-46(Zn) can absorb a larger range of energy and reduce the possibility of the electron–hole recombination process.
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22
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Zhu S, Li X, Pan Z, Jiao X, Zheng K, Li L, Shao W, Zu X, Hu J, Zhu J, Sun Y, Xie Y. Efficient Photooxidation of Methane to Liquid Oxygenates over ZnO Nanosheets at Atmospheric Pressure and Near Room Temperature. NANO LETTERS 2021; 21:4122-4128. [PMID: 33913720 DOI: 10.1021/acs.nanolett.1c01204] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/22/2023]
Abstract
Direct CH4 photoconversion into liquid oxygenates under mild conditions still represents a huge challenge. Herein, two-dimensional oxide semiconductors are designed to generate abundant active O- species for activating C-H bond of methane. Taking the synthetic ZnO nanosheets as an example, in situ electron paramagnetic resonance spectra verified their lattice oxygen atoms could capture photoexcited holes and generate active O- species, which could efficiently abstract H from CH4 to generate ·CH3 radicals. Gibbs free energy calculations and in situ Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy corroborated the rate-limiting step was the first C-H bond activation process, whereas the exoergic oxidation of *CHO to HCOOH was easier than the endoergic overoxidation to CO, accounting for the selective production of liquid oxygenates. As a result, the formation rate of liquid oxygenates over ZnO nanosheets reached 2.21 mmol g-1 h-1 with a selectivity of 90.7% at atmospheric pressure and approximately 50 °C, outperforming previously reported photocatalysts under similar conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shan Zhu
- Hefei National Laboratory for Physical Sciences at Microscale, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230026, P. R. China
| | - Xiaodong Li
- Hefei National Laboratory for Physical Sciences at Microscale, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230026, P. R. China
| | - Zhikang Pan
- Hefei National Laboratory for Physical Sciences at Microscale, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230026, P. R. China
| | - Xingchen Jiao
- Hefei National Laboratory for Physical Sciences at Microscale, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230026, P. R. China
| | - Kai Zheng
- Hefei National Laboratory for Physical Sciences at Microscale, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230026, P. R. China
| | - Li Li
- Hefei National Laboratory for Physical Sciences at Microscale, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230026, P. R. China
| | - Weiwei Shao
- Hefei National Laboratory for Physical Sciences at Microscale, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230026, P. R. China
| | - Xiaolong Zu
- Hefei National Laboratory for Physical Sciences at Microscale, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230026, P. R. China
| | - Jun Hu
- National Synchrotron Radiation Laboratory, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei,230026, P. R. China
| | - Junfa Zhu
- National Synchrotron Radiation Laboratory, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei,230026, P. R. China
| | - Yongfu Sun
- Hefei National Laboratory for Physical Sciences at Microscale, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230026, P. R. China
- Institute of Energy, Hefei Comprehensive National Science Center, Hefei 230031, P. R. China
| | - Yi Xie
- Hefei National Laboratory for Physical Sciences at Microscale, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230026, P. R. China
- Institute of Energy, Hefei Comprehensive National Science Center, Hefei 230031, P. R. China
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23
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Comparison of the Photocatalytic Activity of ZnO/CeO2 and ZnO/Yb2O3 Mixed Systems in the Phenol Removal from Water: A Mechanicistic Approach. Catalysts 2020. [DOI: 10.3390/catal10101222] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
In this paper we compare the photocatalytic activity of two semiconductors based on ZnO: ZnO/CeO2 and ZnO/Yb2O3. The two samples were prepared via hydrothermal synthesis and fully characterized by X-ray diffraction technique, diffuse reflectance Ultra Violet- Visible spectroscopy (UV-Vis), high resolution transmission electron microscopy and finally with electron paramagnetic resonance spectroscopy. The prepared materials were also tested in their photocatalytic performances both through Electron Paramagnetic Resonance (EPR) analyzing the formation of charge carriers and with the abatement of a probe molecule like phenol, in presence and in absence of scavengers.
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24
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Role of the paramagnetic donor-like defects in the high n-type conductivity of the hydrogenated ZnO microparticles. Sci Rep 2020; 10:17347. [PMID: 33060736 PMCID: PMC7567118 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-020-74449-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/14/2020] [Accepted: 10/01/2020] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
The magnetic and electronic properties of the hydrogenated highly conductive zinc oxide (ZnO) microparticles were investigated by electron paramagnetic resonance (EPR) and contactless microwave (MW) conductivity techniques in the wide temperature range. The EPR spectra simulation allowed us to resolve four overlapping EPR signals in ZnO microparticles. The Lorentzian EPR line with isotropic g-factor 1.9623(5) was related to the singly ionized oxygen vacancy. Another Lorentzian line with g|| = 1.9581(5), g⊥ = 1.9562(5) was attributed to the zinc interstitial shallow donor center, while EPR signal with g|| = 1.9567(5), g⊥ = 1.9556(5) and Gaussian lineshape was assigned to the hydrogen interstitial shallow effective-mass-like donor. The EPR signal with g|| = 1.9538(5), g⊥ = 1.9556(5) and Lorentzian lineshape was tentatively attributed to the shallow donor center. The charge transport properties in ZnO microparticles have been investigated by the contactless MW conductivity technique at T = 5–296 K. Two conduction mechanisms, including ionization of electrons from the shallow donors to the conduction band and hopping conduction process, have been distinguished. The hopping conduction process follows Mott’s variable-range hopping T−1/4 law at T = 10–100 K. The evaluated values of the average hopping distance (15.86 Å), and hopping energy (1.822 meV at 40 K) enable us to estimate the donor concentration in the investigated ZnO microparticles as ~ 1018 cm−3.
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25
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Crapanzano R, Villa I, Mostoni S, D’Arienzo M, Di Credico B, Fasoli M, Scotti R, Vedda A. Morphology Related Defectiveness in ZnO Luminescence: From Bulk to Nano-Size. NANOMATERIALS 2020; 10:nano10101983. [PMID: 33036427 PMCID: PMC7601266 DOI: 10.3390/nano10101983] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/08/2020] [Revised: 09/30/2020] [Accepted: 10/03/2020] [Indexed: 12/04/2022]
Abstract
This study addresses the relationship between material morphology (size, growth parameters and interfaces) and optical emissions in ZnO through an experimental approach, including the effect of different material dimensions from bulk to nano-size, and different excitations, from optical sources to ionizing radiation. Silica supported ZnO nanoparticles and ligand capped ZnO nanoparticles are synthesized through a sol–gel process and hot injection method, respectively. Their optical properties are investigated by radioluminescence, steady-state and time-resolved photoluminescence, and compared to those of commercial micrometric powders and of a bulk single crystal. The Gaussian spectral reconstruction of all emission spectra highlights the occurrence of the same emission bands for all samples, comprising one ultraviolet excitonic peak and four visible defect-related components, whose relative intensities and time dynamics vary with the material parameters and the measurement conditions. The results demonstrate that a wide range of color outputs can be obtained by tuning synthesis conditions and size of pure ZnO nanoparticles, with favorable consequences for the engineering of optical devices based on this material.
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Affiliation(s)
- Roberta Crapanzano
- Department of Materials Science, University of Milano-Bicocca, Via R. Cozzi 55, I-20125 Milano, Italy; (R.C.); (M.F.); (A.V.)
| | - Irene Villa
- Department of Materials Science, University of Milano-Bicocca, Via R. Cozzi 55, I-20125 Milano, Italy; (R.C.); (M.F.); (A.V.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +39-02-6448-5169
| | - Silvia Mostoni
- Department of Materials Science, INSTM, University of Milano-Bicocca, Via R. Cozzi 55, I-20125 Milano, Italy; (S.M.); (M.D.); (B.D.C.); (R.S.)
| | - Massimiliano D’Arienzo
- Department of Materials Science, INSTM, University of Milano-Bicocca, Via R. Cozzi 55, I-20125 Milano, Italy; (S.M.); (M.D.); (B.D.C.); (R.S.)
| | - Barbara Di Credico
- Department of Materials Science, INSTM, University of Milano-Bicocca, Via R. Cozzi 55, I-20125 Milano, Italy; (S.M.); (M.D.); (B.D.C.); (R.S.)
| | - Mauro Fasoli
- Department of Materials Science, University of Milano-Bicocca, Via R. Cozzi 55, I-20125 Milano, Italy; (R.C.); (M.F.); (A.V.)
| | - Roberto Scotti
- Department of Materials Science, INSTM, University of Milano-Bicocca, Via R. Cozzi 55, I-20125 Milano, Italy; (S.M.); (M.D.); (B.D.C.); (R.S.)
| | - Anna Vedda
- Department of Materials Science, University of Milano-Bicocca, Via R. Cozzi 55, I-20125 Milano, Italy; (R.C.); (M.F.); (A.V.)
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