1
|
Chen Y, Cheng M, Lai C, Wei Z, Zhang G, Li L, Tang C, Du L, Wang G, Liu H. The Collision between g-C 3 N 4 and QDs in the Fields of Energy and Environment: Synergistic Effects for Efficient Photocatalysis. SMALL (WEINHEIM AN DER BERGSTRASSE, GERMANY) 2023; 19:e2205902. [PMID: 36592425 DOI: 10.1002/smll.202205902] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 18.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/26/2022] [Revised: 12/08/2022] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
Recently, graphitic carbon nitride (g-C3 N4 ) has attracted increasing interest due to its visible light absorption, suitable energy band structure, and excellent stability. However, low specific surface area, finite visible light response range (<460 nm), and rapid photogenerated electron-hole (e- -h+ ) pairs recombination of the pristine g-C3 N4 limit its practical applications. The small size of quantum dots (QDs) endows the properties of abundant active sites, wide absorption spectrum, and adjustable bandgap, but inevitable aggregation. Studies have confirmed that the integration of g-C3 N4 and QDs not only overcomes these limitations of individual component, but also successfully inherits each advantage. Encouraged by these advantages, the synthetic strategies and the fundamental of QDs/g-C3 N4 composites are briefly elaborated in this review. Particularly, the synergistic effects of QDs/g-C3 N4 composites are analyzed comprehensively, including the enhancement of the photocatalytic performance and the avoidance of aggregation. Then, the photocatalytic applications of QDs/g-C3 N4 composites in the fields of environment and energy are described and further combined with DFT calculation to further reveal the reaction mechanisms. Moreover, the stability and reusability of QDs/g-C3 N4 composites are analyzed. Finally, the future development of these composites and the solution of existing problems are prospected.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yongxi Chen
- College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Key Laboratory of Environmental Biology and Pollution Control of Ministry of Education, Hunan University, Changsha, 410082, China
| | - Min Cheng
- College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Key Laboratory of Environmental Biology and Pollution Control of Ministry of Education, Hunan University, Changsha, 410082, China
| | - Cui Lai
- College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Key Laboratory of Environmental Biology and Pollution Control of Ministry of Education, Hunan University, Changsha, 410082, China
| | - Zhen Wei
- College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Key Laboratory of Environmental Biology and Pollution Control of Ministry of Education, Hunan University, Changsha, 410082, China
| | - Gaoxia Zhang
- Carbon Neutrality Research Institute of Power China Jiangxi Electric Power Construction Co., Ltd., Nanchang, 330001, China
| | - Ling Li
- College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Key Laboratory of Environmental Biology and Pollution Control of Ministry of Education, Hunan University, Changsha, 410082, China
| | - Chensi Tang
- College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Key Laboratory of Environmental Biology and Pollution Control of Ministry of Education, Hunan University, Changsha, 410082, China
| | - Li Du
- College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Key Laboratory of Environmental Biology and Pollution Control of Ministry of Education, Hunan University, Changsha, 410082, China
| | - Guangfu Wang
- College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Key Laboratory of Environmental Biology and Pollution Control of Ministry of Education, Hunan University, Changsha, 410082, China
| | - Hongda Liu
- College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Key Laboratory of Environmental Biology and Pollution Control of Ministry of Education, Hunan University, Changsha, 410082, China
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Das D, Das BK, Sarkar R, Mukherjee S, Chattopadhyay KK. Highly exfoliated graphitic carbon nitride for efficient removal of wastewater pollutants: Insights from DFT and statistical modelling. ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH 2023; 221:115263. [PMID: 36640940 DOI: 10.1016/j.envres.2023.115263] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/26/2022] [Revised: 01/06/2023] [Accepted: 01/09/2023] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
The present work entails the synthesis of thermally modified graphitic carbon nitride (GCN) using a two-step thermal treatment procedure and its subsequent use in the photocatalytic reduction of toxic pollutants such as rhodamine B dye (RhB) and chromium (VI) (Cr(VI)) from aquatic environments. The as-synthesised exfoliated GCN (GCNX) is characterised by X-ray diffraction (XRD) analysis, Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy, X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDS), Brunauer-Emmett-Teller analysis (BET), diffuse reflectance spectroscopy (DRS), photoluminescence spectroscopy (PL), field emission scanning electron microscopy (FESEM), and transmission electron microscopy (TEM). These characterisations helped to elucidate the phase formation, chemical structure, composition, surface area, optical properties, and morphology of the sample. With assistance from a visible light source, GCNX can degrade RhB dye within 30 min in the presence of hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) and reduce Cr(VI) to Cr(III) in under 2 h in the presence of formic acid (FA/HCOOH). Variations in different catalytic parameters, including catalyst amount, pH of the solution, initial RhB or Cr(VI) concentration, and variation in H2O2 or FA concentration, are performed to inspect their effects on the photodegradation activity of GCNX. Moreover, the GCNX catalyst exhibits impressive stability and reusability. A thorough statistical evaluation follows the response surface methodology to understand the complex interaction between the factors contributing to the catalytic activity. The band alignment of differently functionalised GCN blocks in their pristine form and their H2O2/FA-adsorbed states is investigated using first-principles calculations to provide a further understanding of the RhB and Cr(VI) reduction mechanisms. The modified GCN can thus be effectively employed as a low-cost material for removing contamination from aquatic environments.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Dimitra Das
- School of Materials Science and Nanotechnology, Jadavpur University, 188, Raja S.C. Mallick Road, Kolkata, 700032, India
| | - Bikram Kumar Das
- Department of Physics, Jadavpur University, 188, Raja S.C. Mallick Road, Kolkata, 700032, India
| | - Ratna Sarkar
- Department of Physics, Jadavpur University, 188, Raja S.C. Mallick Road, Kolkata, 700032, India
| | - Somnath Mukherjee
- Department of Civil Engineering, Jadavpur University, 188, Raja S.C. Mallick Road, Kolkata, 700032, India
| | - Kalyan Kumar Chattopadhyay
- School of Materials Science and Nanotechnology, Jadavpur University, 188, Raja S.C. Mallick Road, Kolkata, 700032, India; Department of Physics, Jadavpur University, 188, Raja S.C. Mallick Road, Kolkata, 700032, India.
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Ajiboye TO, Imade EE, Oyewo OA, Onwudiwe DC. Silver functionalized gC3N4: Photocatalytic potency for chromium(VI) reduction, and evaluation of the antioxidant and antimicrobial properties. J Photochem Photobiol A Chem 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jphotochem.2022.114107] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/17/2023]
|
4
|
Kumar Y, Kumar R, Raizada P, Parwaz Khan AA, Nguyen VH, Kim SY, Le QV, Selvasembian R, Singh A, Gautam S, Nguyen CC, Singh P. Recent progress on elemental sulfur based photocatalysts for energy and environmental applications. CHEMOSPHERE 2022; 305:135477. [PMID: 35760133 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2022.135477] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/30/2022] [Revised: 06/03/2022] [Accepted: 06/21/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
The growing needs of the rising population and blatant misuse of resources have contributed enormously to environmental problems. Among the various methods, photocatalysis has emerged as one of the effective remediation methods. The continuous search for effective photocatalysts that can be made from abundant, cheap, non-toxic materials is going on. Although sulfur is a known insulator, recent sulfur use as a visible light photocatalyst has ushered a new era in this direction. Sulfur is a non-toxic, cheap, and abundant photocatalyst, exhibiting significant photocatalytic properties. But, hydrophobicity, poor light-harvesting and high recombination rate of charge carriers in elemental sulfur photocatalyst are some of the major drawbacks of the elemental sulfur photocatalyst. The photocatalytic activity of sulfur as a single element was low, but various methods such as nanoscaling, heterojunction formation, doping and surface modifications have been used to enhance it. The review highlights sulfur's crystal structure, electronic and optical properties, and morphological changes, making it an excellent visible light photocatalyst. The article points to the limitations of sulfur as a single photocatalyst and various strategies to improve the shortcomings. More recently, there has been an emphasis on the synthesis of metal-free photocatalysts. This review provides its readers with a comprehensive detail of sulfur being used as a dopant in improving the photocatalytic properties of metal-free photocatalysts and their environmental remediation use. Finally, the conclusion and future perspectives for sulfur-based nanostructures are presented.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yogesh Kumar
- School of Advanced Chemical Sciences, Shoolini University, Solan, Himachal Pradesh, 173212, India; Department of Chemistry, Government Degree College, Solan, HP, 173212, India
| | - Rohit Kumar
- School of Advanced Chemical Sciences, Shoolini University, Solan, Himachal Pradesh, 173212, India
| | - Pankaj Raizada
- School of Advanced Chemical Sciences, Shoolini University, Solan, Himachal Pradesh, 173212, India
| | - Aftab Aslam Parwaz Khan
- Center of Excellence for Advanced Materials Research, King Abdulaziz University, P. O. Box 80203, Jeddah, 21589, Saudi Arabia
| | - Van-Huy Nguyen
- Chettinad Hospital and Research Institute, Chettinad Academy of Research and Education (CARE), Kelambakkam, Kanchipuram district, 603103, Tamil Nadu, India.
| | - Soo Young Kim
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Institute of Green Manufacturing Technology, Korea University, 145, Anam-ro Seongbuk-gu, Seoul, 02841, Republic of Korea
| | - Quyet Van Le
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Institute of Green Manufacturing Technology, Korea University, 145, Anam-ro Seongbuk-gu, Seoul, 02841, Republic of Korea.
| | - Rangabhashiyam Selvasembian
- Department of Biotechnology, School of Chemical and Biotechnology, SASTRA Deemed University, Thanjavur, 613401, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Archana Singh
- CSIR Advanced Materials and Processes Research Institute, Bhopal, India
| | - Sourav Gautam
- Department of Chemistry, School of Basic & Applied Sciences, Maharaja Agrasen University, H.P, 174103, India
| | - Chinh Chien Nguyen
- Institute of Research and Development, Duy Tan University, Da Nang, 550000, Viet Nam; Faculty of Environmental Chemical Engineering, Duy Tan University, Da Nang, 550000, Viet Nam
| | - Pardeep Singh
- School of Advanced Chemical Sciences, Shoolini University, Solan, Himachal Pradesh, 173212, India.
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Effect of ionic Fe(III) doping on montmorillonite for photocatalytic reduction of Cr(VI) in wastewater. J Photochem Photobiol A Chem 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jphotochem.2022.113909] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/19/2023]
|
6
|
Chen IT, Zheng MW, Liu SH. Microwave-assisted hydrothermal synthesis of mesoporous three-dimensional hexagonal graphitic carbon nitride for selective CO2 photoreduction. J Photochem Photobiol A Chem 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jphotochem.2022.114199] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/15/2022]
|
7
|
Abu-Dief AM, Abdel-Rahman LH, Sayed MAA, Zikry MM, Khalifa ME, El-Metwaly NM. Optimization strategy for green synthesis of silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) as catalyst for the reduction of 2,4-dinitrophenol via supported mechanism. APPLIED PHYSICS A 2022; 128:595. [DOI: 10.1007/s00339-022-05704-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/17/2021] [Accepted: 05/17/2022] [Indexed: 09/02/2023]
|
8
|
Bankole OM, Ojubola KI, Adanlawo OS, Oluwafemi KA, Adedapo AO, Adeyemo MA, Olaseni SE, Oladoja NA, Olivier EJ, Ferg EE, Ogunlaja AS. Atmospheric CO2 mediated formation of Ag2O-Ag2CO3/g-C3N4 (p-n/n-n dual heterojunctions) with enhanced photoreduction of hexavalent chromium and nitrophenols. J Photochem Photobiol A Chem 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jphotochem.2022.113800] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
|
9
|
Herath A, Salehi M, Jansone-Popova S. Production of polyacrylonitrile/ionic covalent organic framework hybrid nanofibers for effective removal of chromium(VI) from water. JOURNAL OF HAZARDOUS MATERIALS 2022; 427:128167. [PMID: 34979388 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2021.128167] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/11/2021] [Revised: 12/22/2021] [Accepted: 12/26/2021] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Hexavalent Cr(VI) found in industrial wastewater is a proven carcinogen which causes serious health issues in humans around the world. This study presents a novel method to enhance the Cr(VI) oxyanion removal from wastewater by polyacrylonitrile (PAN) nanofibers through incorporation of a guanidinium-based ionic covalent organic framework (BT-DG) in the nanofibers structure. Simple electrospinning technique was employed to produce PAN nanofibers and BT-DG was synthesized through condensation between benzene-1,3,5-tricarbaldehyde and N,N'-diaminoguanidine monohydrochloride. In-situ polymerization of BT-DG onto PAN nanofibers resulted in generation of hybrid PAN-BT-DG nanofibers. This modified PAN-BT-DG was characterized by obtaining its point of zero charge (PZC), differential scanning calorimeter (DSC), scanning electron microscopy (SEM) morphology and surface elements and oxidation states by X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS). PAN-BT-DG exhibited positive surface charge below pH 4, making it an outstanding adsorbent, for Cr(VI) removal. Cr(VI) adsorption onto PAN-BT-DG followed pseudo second order kinetics and adsorption data fitted well to Freundlich isotherm model. Highest Cr(VI) removal was obtained at 55 ℃ with a maximum Langmuir adsorption capacity of 173 mg/g at pH 3. Kinetic studies revealed that Cr(VI) adsorption onto PAN-BT-DG is endothermic and thermodynamically feasible. Desorption studies were conducted on PAN-BT-DG using 1 M NaOH as the stripping solvent and PAN-BT-DG exhibited excellent regeneration after five consecutive cycles.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Amali Herath
- Department of Civil Engineering, The University of Memphis, Memphis, TN 38018, USA
| | - Maryam Salehi
- Department of Civil Engineering, The University of Memphis, Memphis, TN 38018, USA.
| | | |
Collapse
|
10
|
Baishnisha A, Divakaran K, Balakumar V, Sasirekha V, Meenakshi C, Kannan RS. In-situ synthesis of CN@La(OH)3 nanocomposite for improved the charge separation and enhanced the photocatalytic activity towards Cr(VI) reduction under visible light. JOURNAL OF PHOTOCHEMISTRY AND PHOTOBIOLOGY 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jpap.2021.100048] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022] Open
|
11
|
Recent advances in removal techniques of Cr(VI) toxic ion from aqueous solution: A comprehensive review. J Mol Liq 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.molliq.2020.115062] [Citation(s) in RCA: 175] [Impact Index Per Article: 58.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
|