Bio-fabrication of multifunctional nano-ceria mediated from Pouteria campechiana for biomedical and sensing applications

Antioxidant and Hypoglycemic Potential of Phytogenic Selenium Nanoparticle- and Light Regime-Mediated In Vitro Caralluma tuberculata Callus Culture Extract

In vitro plant cultures have emerged as a viable source, holding auspicious reservoirs for medicinal applications. This study aims to delineate the antioxidant and hypoglycemic potential of phytosynthesized selenium nanoparticle (SeNP)- and light stress-mediated in vitro callus cultures of Caralluma tuberculata extract. The morphophysicochemical characteristics of biogenic SeNPs were assessed through a combination of analytical techniques, including UV-visible spectrophotometry, scanning electron microscopy, energy-dispersive X-rays, Fourier transform infrared spectrometry, and zeta potential spectroscopy. The antioxidative potential of the callus extract 200 and 800 μg/mL concentrations was assessed through various tests and exhibited pronounced scavenging potential in reducing power (26.29%), ABTS + scavenging (42.51%), hydrogen peroxide inhibition (37.26%), hydroxyl radical scavenging (40.23%), and phosphomolybdate (71.66%), respectively. To inspect the hypoglycemic capacity of the callus extract, various assays consistently demonstrated a dosage-dependent relationship, with higher concentrations of the callus extract exerting a potent inhibitory impact on the catalytic sites of the alpha-amylase (78.24%), alpha-glucosidase (71.55%), antisucrase (59.24%), and antilipase (74.26%) enzyme activities, glucose uptake by yeast cells at 5, 10, and 25 mmol/L glucose solution (72.18, 60.58 and 69.33%), and glucose adsorption capacity at 5, 10, and 25 mmol/L glucose solution (74.37, 83.55, and 86.49%), respectively. The findings of this study propose selenium NPs and light-stress-mediated in vitro callus cultures of C. tuberculata potentially operating as competitive inhibitors. The outcomes of the study were exceptional and hold promising implications for future medicinal applications.

Phytomediated-Assisted Preparation of Cerium Oxide Nanoparticles Using Plant Extracts and Assessment of Their Structural and Optical Properties

Cerium oxide nanoparticles were obtained using aqueous extracts of Chelidonium majus and Viscum album. X-ray diffractometry analysis confirmed the crystalline structure of the synthesized cerium oxide nanoparticles calcined at 600 °C. Scanning electron microscopy, UV-Vis reflectance and Raman spectroscopy, XPS, and fluorescence studies were utilized to interpret the morphological and optical properties of these nanoparticles. The STEM images revealed the spherical shape of the nanoparticles and that they were predominantly uniform in size. The optical band gap of our cerium nanoparticles was determined to be 3.3 and 3.0 eV from reflectance measurements using the Tauc plots. The nanoparticle sizes evaluated from the Raman band at 464 cm^-1 due to the F2g mode of the cubic fluorite structure of cerium oxide are close to those determined from the XRD and STEM data. The fluorescence results showed emission bands at 425, 446, 467, and 480 nm. The electronic absorption spectra have exhibited an absorption band around 325 nm. The antioxidant potential of the cerium oxide nanoparticles was estimated by DPPH scavenging assay.

Antioxidant and hypoglycemic potential of phytogenic cerium oxide nanoparticles

Plants provide humans with more than just food and shelter; they are also a major source of medications. The purpose of this research was to investigate the antioxidant and hypoglycemic potential of green synthesized CeONPs using Mentha royleana leaves extract. The morphological and physicochemical features of CeONPs were evaluated by UV-Visible spectrophotometry, Scanning Electron Microscopy, Energy Dispersive X-rays and Fourier-transform infrared spectrometry, Dynamic light scattering, Atomic Force Microscopy, Zeta Potential. The average size range of synthesized CeONPs diameter between 46 and 56 nm, crystalline in shape, with Polydispersity index value of 0.2 and subatomic particles mean diameter was 4.5-9.1 nm. The antioxidant capability of CeONPs was assessed using DPPH, ABTS⁺, hydrogen peroxide, hydroxyl radical scavenging, and reducing power tests. The hypoglycemic potential of CeONPs was investigated using alpha-amylase, alpha-glucosidase, glucose absorption by yeast cells, and antisucrase. The effective concentrations were 500 and 1000 µg/ml found good in suppressing radical species. To explore the hypoglycemic potential of CeONPs, alpha-amylase, alpha-glucosidase, glucose absorption by yeast cell, and antisucrase assays were performed. Glucose absorb by yeast cells assay was tested for three distinct glucose concentrations: 5 mmol/L, 10 mmol/L, and 25 mmol/L. Green synthesize CeONPs showed a dose-dependent response, higher concentrations of CeONPs imposed a stronger inhibitory impact on the catalytic site of enzymes. This study suggest that CeONPs could possibly binds to the charge carrying species and act as competitive inhibitor which slow down the enzyme substrate reaction and prevents enzymatic degradation. The study's findings were outstanding, which bodes well for future medicinal applications of CeONPs.

Biosynthesis of phyto functionalized cerium oxide nanoparticles mediated from Scoparia dulsis L. for appraisal of anti-cancer potential against adenocarcinomic lung cancer cells and paracetamol sensing potentiality

This research work aims at the eco-friendly preparation of cerium oxide nanoparticles (CeSD NPs) utilizing the natural extract of Scoparia dulsis L. An attempt was made to analyze the influence of the fuel load on the size, shape, and optical properties of the nanoparticles. The p-XRD studies revealed the controlled formation of NPs with a size not more than 12.74 nm. The surface area studies appraise the mesoporous nature of the synthesized ceria particles, with the maximum specific surface area of 36.06 m²g^-1. The nano-regime CeO₂ nanoparticles had a definite impact on biomedical and electrochemical studies. The CeSD NPs with minuscule size (10.69 nm) manifested promising antioxidant and human RBC protection activity. The antioxidant properties were evaluated using % DPPH inhibition with of maximum of 83.38. The stabilization of RBC's by CeSD NPs was maximum at 94.97%. However, the CeSD NPs with apparent size (12.74 nm) that utilized greater volume fuel (25 mL) had noticeable results on adenocarcinomic lung (A549) cancer cell viability and antidiabetic study which was maximum of 70.16% at concentration 500 μg/mL. A satisfactory antibacterial application was proffered against chosen bacterial stains. The smallest size CeO₂ NPs exhibited the best proton diffusion coefficient (8.16 × 10^-6 cm²s^-1), and the capacitance values of the CeSD NPs are near in all samples (~ 1.17 to 2.00 F) manifest their compact nano-regime sizes. The paracetamol drug was chosen as analyte to appreciating the superlative efficiency for sensing paracetamol drug with the lowest detection limit.

Biosynthesis of TiO2 nanoparticles by Caricaceae (Papaya) shell extracts for antifungal application

Titanium dioxide nanoparticles (TiO₂ NPs) were prepared by Caricaceae (Papaya) Shell extracts. The Nanoparticles were analyzed by UV–Vis spectrums, X-ray diffractions, and energy-dispersive X-rays spectroscopy analyses with a scanning electron microscope. An antifungal study was carried out for TiO₂ NP in contradiction of S. sclerotiorums, R. necatrixs and Fusarium classes that verified a sophisticated inhibitions ratio for S. sclerotiorums (60.5%). Germs of pea were individually preserved with numerous concentrations of TiO₂ NPs. An experience of TiO₂ NPs (20%, 40%, 80% and 100%), as well as mechanisms that instigated momentous alterations in seed germinations, roots interval, shoot lengths, and antioxidant enzymes, were investigated. Associated with controls, the supreme seeds germinations, roots and plant growth were perceived with the treatments of TiO₂ NPs. Super-oxide dis-mutase and catalase activities increased because of TiO₂ NPs treatments. This advocates that TiO₂ Nanoparticles may considerably change antioxidant metabolisms in seed germinations.