Rapid and direct detection of Invivo kinetics of pathogenic bacterial infection from mouse blood and urine

Large protein analysis of Staphylococcus aureus and Escherichia coli by MALDI TOF mass spectrometry using amoxicillin functionalized magnetic nanoparticles

Bacteria or their protein and peptide entity enrichment using biomolecules-functionalized magnetic nanoparticles, and analysis by matrix assisted laser desorption/ionization mass spectrometry (MALDI MS) is a promising technique to analyze microorganisms. High and low molecular weight proteins like penicillin-binding proteins are responsible for final step synthesis of peptidoglycan biosynthesis; those are the target of lactam antibiotics. In this paper, we synthesized magnetic nanoparticles (mag-NPs) and further modified them with 3-aminopropyltriethoxysilane, and then the β-lactam antibiotic amoxicillin was covalently linked to their surface. β-Lactam group attributes as penicillin binding proteins (PBPs) in bacteria. Staphylococcus aureus and Escherichia coli were used as model bacteria for enrichment based on the β-lactam affinity of magnetic nanoparticles, and then the bacteria were easily separated by an external magnet. Several high molecular weight penicillin binding proteins (PBPs) were detected by MALDI MS containing 10(4) and 10(3) colony-forming unit (cfu) per milileter (mL) of S. aureus and E. coli, respectively. In the case of E. coli, higher molecular weight PBPs were observed at 20 to 55 kDa in MALDI mass spectra. However, S. aureus bacteria resulted with femAB operon-based proteins, with molecular weight of 49570.4 Da, by MALDI MS after using amoxicillin functionalized-mag-NPs. The current approach provides an effective bacteria detection and preconcentration method that has high potential in the near future for fast and sensitive diagnosis of pathogenic bacteria infection. Graphical Abstract Schematic for large proteins analysis by MALDI TOF MS (a) mag-NPs and bacterial interaction (b) Penicillin binding proteins trapping by Amox-mag-NPs.

State-of-the-art nanoplatform-integrated MALDI-MS impacting resolutions in urinary proteomics

Urine proteomics has become a subject of interest, since it has led to a number of breakthroughs in disease diagnostics. Urine contains information not only from the kidney and the urinary tract but also from other organs, thus urinary proteome analysis allows for identification of biomarkers for both urogenital and systemic diseases. The following review gives a brief overview of the analytical techniques that have been in practice for urinary proteomics. MALDI-MS technique and its current application status in this area of clinical research have been discussed. The review comments on the challenges facing the conventional MALDI-MS technique and the upgradation of this technique with the introduction of nanotechnology. This review projects nano-based techniques such as nano-MALDI-MS, surface-assisted laser desorption/ionization, and nanostructure-initiator MS as the platforms that have the potential in trafficking MALDI-MS from the lab to the bedside.

Advanced mass spectrometry technologies for the study of microbial pathogenesis

Matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization mass spectrometry (MALDI MS) has been successfully applied to the field of microbial pathogenesis with promising results, principally in diagnostic microbiology to rapidly identify bacteria based on the molecular profiles of small cell populations. Direct profiling of molecules from serum and tissue samples by MALDI MS provides a means to study the pathogen-host interaction and to discover potential markers of infection. Systematic molecular profiling across tissue sections represents a new imaging modality, enabling regiospecific molecular measurements to be made in situ, in both two-dimensional and three-dimensional analyses. Herein, we briefly summarize work that employs MALDI MS to study the pathogenesis of microbial infection.

ZnO nanoparticle-modified polymethyl methacrylate-assisted dispersive liquid–liquid microextraction coupled with MALDI-MS for rapid pathogenic bacteria analysis

A new, fast nano-based approach to extract pathogenic bacteria lysates from aqueous samples is reported.