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Parisis N, Dans PD, Jbara M, Singh B, Schausi-Tiffoche D, Molina-Serrano D, Brun-Heath I, Hendrychová D, Maity SK, Buitrago D, Lema R, Nait Achour T, Giunta S, Girardot M, Talarek N, Rofidal V, Danezi K, Coudreuse D, Prioleau MN, Feil R, Orozco M, Brik A, Wu PYJ, Krasinska L, Fisher D. Histone H3 serine-57 is a CHK1 substrate whose phosphorylation affects DNA repair. Nat Commun 2023; 14:5104. [PMID: 37607906 PMCID: PMC10444856 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-023-40843-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/10/2018] [Accepted: 08/12/2023] [Indexed: 08/24/2023] Open
Abstract
Histone post-translational modifications promote a chromatin environment that controls transcription, DNA replication and repair, but surprisingly few phosphorylations have been documented. We report the discovery of histone H3 serine-57 phosphorylation (H3S57ph) and show that it is implicated in different DNA repair pathways from fungi to vertebrates. We identified CHK1 as a major human H3S57 kinase, and disrupting or constitutively mimicking H3S57ph had opposing effects on rate of recovery from replication stress, 53BP1 chromatin binding, and dependency on RAD52. In fission yeast, mutation of all H3 alleles to S57A abrogated DNA repair by both non-homologous end-joining and homologous recombination, while cells with phospho-mimicking S57D alleles were partly compromised for both repair pathways, presented aberrant Rad52 foci and were strongly sensitised to replication stress. Mechanistically, H3S57ph loosens DNA-histone contacts, increasing nucleosome mobility, and interacts with H3K56. Our results suggest that dynamic phosphorylation of H3S57 is required for DNA repair and recovery from replication stress, opening avenues for investigating the role of this modification in other DNA-related processes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nikolaos Parisis
- IGMM, CNRS, INSERM, University of Montpellier, Montpellier, France
- Equipe labellisée Ligue contre le Cancer, Paris, France
- BPMP, CNRS, INRA, Montpellier SupAgro, University of Montpellier, Montpellier, France
- Institut Jacques Monod, CNRS, University Paris Diderot, Paris, France
| | - Pablo D Dans
- IRB Barcelona, BIST, Barcelona, Spain
- Bioinformatics Unit, Institute Pasteur of Montevideo, Montevideo, Uruguay
- Department of Biological Sciences, CENUR North Riverside, University of the Republic (UdelaR), Salto, Uruguay
| | - Muhammad Jbara
- Schulich Faculty of Chemistry, Technion Israel Institute of Technology, Haifa, Israel
- School of Chemistry, Raymond and Beverly Sackler Faculty of Exact Sciences, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel
| | | | | | | | | | - Denisa Hendrychová
- IGMM, CNRS, INSERM, University of Montpellier, Montpellier, France
- Equipe labellisée Ligue contre le Cancer, Paris, France
- Department of Experimental Biology, Faculty of Science, Palacký University Olomouc, Olomouc, Czech Republic
| | - Suman Kumar Maity
- Schulich Faculty of Chemistry, Technion Israel Institute of Technology, Haifa, Israel
| | | | | | - Thiziri Nait Achour
- IGMM, CNRS, INSERM, University of Montpellier, Montpellier, France
- Equipe labellisée Ligue contre le Cancer, Paris, France
| | - Simona Giunta
- The Rockefeller University, New York, NY, USA
- Laboratory of Genome Evolution, Department of Biology and Biotechnology "Charles Darwin", University of Rome Sapienza, Rome, Italy
| | - Michael Girardot
- IGMM, CNRS, INSERM, University of Montpellier, Montpellier, France
| | - Nicolas Talarek
- IGMM, CNRS, INSERM, University of Montpellier, Montpellier, France
| | - Valérie Rofidal
- BPMP, CNRS, INRA, Montpellier SupAgro, University of Montpellier, Montpellier, France
| | - Katerina Danezi
- IGMM, CNRS, INSERM, University of Montpellier, Montpellier, France
- Equipe labellisée Ligue contre le Cancer, Paris, France
| | - Damien Coudreuse
- IGDR, CNRS, University of Rennes, Rennes, France
- IBGC, CNRS, University of Bordeaux, Bordeaux, France
| | | | - Robert Feil
- IGMM, CNRS, INSERM, University of Montpellier, Montpellier, France
| | | | - Ashraf Brik
- Schulich Faculty of Chemistry, Technion Israel Institute of Technology, Haifa, Israel
| | - Pei-Yun Jenny Wu
- IGDR, CNRS, University of Rennes, Rennes, France
- IBGC, CNRS, University of Bordeaux, Bordeaux, France
| | - Liliana Krasinska
- IGMM, CNRS, INSERM, University of Montpellier, Montpellier, France.
- Equipe labellisée Ligue contre le Cancer, Paris, France.
| | - Daniel Fisher
- IGMM, CNRS, INSERM, University of Montpellier, Montpellier, France.
- Equipe labellisée Ligue contre le Cancer, Paris, France.
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An Insight into GPCR and G-Proteins as Cancer Drivers. Cells 2021; 10:cells10123288. [PMID: 34943797 PMCID: PMC8699078 DOI: 10.3390/cells10123288] [Citation(s) in RCA: 57] [Impact Index Per Article: 19.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2021] [Revised: 11/17/2021] [Accepted: 11/22/2021] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
G-protein-coupled receptors (GPCRs) are the largest family of cell surface signaling receptors known to play a crucial role in various physiological functions, including tumor growth and metastasis. Various molecules such as hormones, lipids, peptides, and neurotransmitters activate GPCRs that enable the coupling of these receptors to highly specialized transducer proteins, called G-proteins, and initiate multiple signaling pathways. Integration of these intricate networks of signaling cascades leads to numerous biochemical responses involved in diverse pathophysiological activities, including cancer development. While several studies indicate the role of GPCRs in controlling various aspects of cancer progression such as tumor growth, invasion, migration, survival, and metastasis through its aberrant overexpression, mutations, or increased release of agonists, the explicit mechanisms of the involvement of GPCRs in cancer progression is still puzzling. This review provides an insight into the various responses mediated by GPCRs in the development of cancers, the molecular mechanisms involved and the novel pharmacological approaches currently preferred for the treatment of cancer. Thus, these findings extend the knowledge of GPCRs in cancer cells and help in the identification of therapeutics for cancer patients.
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Shukla AK, Dwivedi-Agnihotri H. Structure and function of β-arrestins, their emerging role in breast cancer, and potential opportunities for therapeutic manipulation. Adv Cancer Res 2020; 145:139-156. [PMID: 32089163 DOI: 10.1016/bs.acr.2020.01.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
β-Arrestins (βarrs) are multifunctional intracellular proteins with an ability to directly interact with a large number of cellular partners including the G protein-coupled receptors (GPCRs). βarrs contribute to multiple aspects of GPCR signaling, trafficking and downregulation. Considering the central involvement of GPCR signaling in the onset and progression of diverse types of cancers, βarrs have also emerged as key players in the context of investigating cancer phenotypes, and as potential therapeutic targets. In this chapter, we first provide a brief account of structure and function of βarrs and then highlight recent discoveries unfolding novel functional attributes of βarrs in breast cancer. We also underscore the recent paradigms of modulating βarr functions in cellular context and potential therapeutic opportunities going forward.
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Affiliation(s)
- Arun K Shukla
- Department of Biological Sciences and Bioengineering, Indian Institute of Technology, Kanpur, India.
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Bagnato A, Rosanò L. New Routes in GPCR/β-Arrestin-Driven Signaling in Cancer Progression and Metastasis. Front Pharmacol 2019; 10:114. [PMID: 30837880 PMCID: PMC6390811 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2019.00114] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2018] [Accepted: 01/29/2019] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Tumor cells acquire invasive and metastatic behavior by sensing changes in the localization and activation of signaling pathways, which in turn determine changes in actin cytoskeleton. The core-scaffold machinery associated to β-arrestin (β-arr) is a key mechanism of G-protein coupled receptors (GPCR) to achieve spatiotemporal specificity of different signaling complexes driving cancer progression. Within different cellular contexts, the scaffold proteins β-arr1 or β-arr2 may now be considered organizers of protein interaction networks involved in tumor development and metastatic dissemination. Studies have uncovered the importance of the β-arr engagement with a growing number of receptors, signaling molecules, cytoskeleton regulators, epigenetic modifiers, and transcription factors in GPCR-driven tumor promoting pathways. In many of these molecular complexes, β-arrs might provide a physical link to active dynamic cytoskeleton, permitting cancer cells to adapt and modify the tumor microenvironment to promote the metastatic spread. Given the complexity and the multidirectional β-arr-driven signaling in cancer cells, therapeutic targeting of specific GPCR/β-arr molecular mechanisms is an important avenue to explore when considering future new therapeutic options. The focus of this review is to integrate the most recent developments and exciting findings of how highly connected components of β-arr-guided molecular connections to other pathways allow precise control over multiple signaling pathways in tumor progression, revealing ways of therapeutically targeting the convergent signals in patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anna Bagnato
- Unit of Preclinical Models and New Therapeutic Agents, IRCCS-Regina Elena National Cancer Institute, Rome, Italy
| | - Laura Rosanò
- Unit of Preclinical Models and New Therapeutic Agents, IRCCS-Regina Elena National Cancer Institute, Rome, Italy
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New insights into the regulation of the actin cytoskeleton dynamics by GPCR/β-arrestin in cancer invasion and metastasis. INTERNATIONAL REVIEW OF CELL AND MOLECULAR BIOLOGY 2019; 346:129-155. [DOI: 10.1016/bs.ircmb.2019.03.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
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Jiang P, De Li S, Li ZG, Zhu YC, Yi XJ, Li SM. The expression of protease-activated receptors in esophageal carcinoma cells: the relationship between changes in gene expression and cell proliferation, apoptosis in vitro and growing ability in vivo. Cancer Cell Int 2018; 18:81. [PMID: 29977156 PMCID: PMC5992767 DOI: 10.1186/s12935-018-0577-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/26/2017] [Accepted: 05/31/2018] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Protease-activated receptors (PARs) are a family of four G protein-coupled receptors expressed widely in many types of cells. PAR1, 2, and 4 have been shown to play an important role in many of the physiological activities of cells and many types of cancer cells. Esophageal carcinoma has become the fourth most common clinically diagnosed cancer and one of the top three leading causes of cancer-related deaths in China. The functions and expression patterns of PAR1, 2, and 4 in esophageal carcinoma have not published previously. Methods Here, we systematically studied the expression of PAR1, 2, and 4 in clinical esophageal carcinoma patients and determined their role in esophageal carcinoma in vivo and in vitro through the overexpression or knockdown of PAR1, 2, and 4. Results We found that the expression of PAR1 and 2 expressed higher in esophageal carcinoma than in the paracarcinoma tissues on clinical patients. PAR1 and 2 enhanced cell proliferation both in vivo and in vitro and reduced apoptosis to strengthen cancer cell vitality in TE-1 cells. In contrast, the expression of PAR4 expressed decreased in esophageal carcinoma, and its expression induced apoptosis in vivo and vitro. Conclusion In our previous studies and the present study, we noted that the expression of PAR1, 2, and 4 was almost absent in different stages of esophageal carcinoma. PAR1 and 2 might be potential molecular markers for esophageal carcinoma, and PAR4 might be an effective treatment target for esophageal carcinoma prevention and treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ping Jiang
- 1Department of Pathology, Kunming Medical University, Kunming, 650500 Yunnan China
| | - Shu De Li
- 2Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Kunming Medical University, Kunming, 650500 Yunnan China
| | - Zhi Gang Li
- 2Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Kunming Medical University, Kunming, 650500 Yunnan China
| | - Yue Chun Zhu
- 2Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Kunming Medical University, Kunming, 650500 Yunnan China
| | - Xiao Jia Yi
- 3Department of Pathology, Second Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University, Kunming, 650000 China
| | - Si Man Li
- 2Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Kunming Medical University, Kunming, 650500 Yunnan China
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Jiang Y, Yau MK, Lim J, Wu KC, Xu W, Suen JY, Fairlie DP. A Potent Antagonist of Protease-Activated Receptor 2 That Inhibits Multiple Signaling Functions in Human Cancer Cells. J Pharmacol Exp Ther 2017; 364:246-257. [PMID: 29263243 DOI: 10.1124/jpet.117.245027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/04/2017] [Accepted: 12/04/2017] [Indexed: 01/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Protease-activated receptor 2 (PAR2) is a cell surface protein linked to G-protein dependent and independent intracellular signaling pathways that produce a wide range of physiological responses, including those related to metabolism, inflammation, pain, and cancer. Certain proteases, peptides, and nonpeptides are known to potently activate PAR2. However, no effective potent PAR2 antagonists have been reported yet despite their anticipated therapeutic potential. This study investigates antagonism of key PAR2-dependent signaling properties and functions by the imidazopyridazine compound I-191 (4-(8-(tert-butyl)-6-(4-fluorophenyl)imidazo[1,2-b]pyridazine-2-carbonyl)-3,3-dimethylpiperazin-2-one) in cancer cells. At nanomolar concentrations, I-191 inhibited PAR2 binding of and activation by structurally distinct PAR2 agonists (trypsin, peptide, nonpeptide) in a concentration-dependent manner in cells of the human colon adenocarcinoma grade II cell line (HT29). I-191 potently attenuated multiple PAR2-mediated intracellular signaling pathways leading to Ca2+ release, extracellular signal-regulated kinase 1/2 (ERK1/2) phosphorylation, Ras homologue gene family, member A (RhoA) activation, and inhibition of forskolin-induced cAMP accumulation. The mechanism of action of I-191 was investigated using binding and calcium mobilization studies in HT29 cells where I-191 was shown to be noncompetitive and a negative allosteric modulator of the agonist 2f-LIGRL-NH2 The compound alone did not activate these PAR2-mediated pathways, even at high micromolar concentrations, indicating no bias in these signaling properties. I-191 also potently inhibited PAR2-mediated downstream functional responses, including expression and secretion of inflammatory cytokines and cell apoptosis and migration, in human colon adenocarcinoma grade II cell line (HT29) and human breast adenocarcinoma cells (MDA-MB-231). These findings indicate that I-191 is a potent PAR2 antagonist that inhibits multiple PAR2-induced signaling pathways and functional responses. I-191 may be a valuable tool for characterizing PAR2 functions in cancer and in other cellular, physiological, and disease settings.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuhong Jiang
- Centre for Inflammation and Disease Research and Australian Research Council Centre of Excellence in Advanced Molecular Imaging, Institute for Molecular Bioscience, University of Queensland, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia
| | - Mei-Kwan Yau
- Centre for Inflammation and Disease Research and Australian Research Council Centre of Excellence in Advanced Molecular Imaging, Institute for Molecular Bioscience, University of Queensland, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia
| | - Junxian Lim
- Centre for Inflammation and Disease Research and Australian Research Council Centre of Excellence in Advanced Molecular Imaging, Institute for Molecular Bioscience, University of Queensland, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia
| | - Kai-Chen Wu
- Centre for Inflammation and Disease Research and Australian Research Council Centre of Excellence in Advanced Molecular Imaging, Institute for Molecular Bioscience, University of Queensland, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia
| | - Weijun Xu
- Centre for Inflammation and Disease Research and Australian Research Council Centre of Excellence in Advanced Molecular Imaging, Institute for Molecular Bioscience, University of Queensland, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia
| | - Jacky Y Suen
- Centre for Inflammation and Disease Research and Australian Research Council Centre of Excellence in Advanced Molecular Imaging, Institute for Molecular Bioscience, University of Queensland, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia
| | - David P Fairlie
- Centre for Inflammation and Disease Research and Australian Research Council Centre of Excellence in Advanced Molecular Imaging, Institute for Molecular Bioscience, University of Queensland, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia
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Song Q, Ji Q, Li Q. The role and mechanism of β‑arrestins in cancer invasion and metastasis (Review). Int J Mol Med 2017; 41:631-639. [PMID: 29207104 PMCID: PMC5752234 DOI: 10.3892/ijmm.2017.3288] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/08/2017] [Accepted: 11/22/2017] [Indexed: 01/30/2023] Open
Abstract
β-arrestins are a family of adaptor proteins that regulate the signaling and trafficking of various G protein-coupled receptors (GPCRs). They consist of β-arrestin1 and β-arrestin2 and are considered to be scaffolding proteins. β-arrestins regulate cell proliferation, promote cell invasion and migration, transmit anti-apoptotic survival signals and affect other characteristics of tumors, including tumor growth rate, angiogenesis, drug resistance, invasion and metastatic potential. It has been demonstrated that β-arrestins serve roles in various physiological and pathological processes and exhibit a similar function to GPCRs. β-arrestins serve primary roles in cancer invasion and metastasis via various signaling pathways. The present review assessed the function and mechanism of β-arrestins in cancer invasion and metastasis via multiple signaling pathways, including mitogen-activated protein kinase/extracellular signal regulated kinase, Wnt/β-catenin, nuclear factor-κB and phosphoinositide-3 kinase/Akt.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qing Song
- Department of Medical Oncology and Cancer Institute of Integrative Medicine, Shuguang Hospital, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai 201203, P.R. China
| | - Qing Ji
- Department of Medical Oncology and Cancer Institute of Integrative Medicine, Shuguang Hospital, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai 201203, P.R. China
| | - Qi Li
- Department of Medical Oncology and Cancer Institute of Integrative Medicine, Shuguang Hospital, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai 201203, P.R. China
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Lu D, Wang J, Shi X, Yue B, Hao J. AHNAK2 is a potential prognostic biomarker in patients with PDAC. Oncotarget 2017; 8:31775-31784. [PMID: 28423668 PMCID: PMC5458247 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.15990] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/09/2016] [Accepted: 02/21/2017] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND AHNAK nucleoprotein 2 (AHNAK2) belongs to the AHNAK protein family. The studies of AHNAK2 are limited. A recent study reported that AHNAK2 might be a biomarker for pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC); however, tissue-based experiments have not been conducted. The aim of this study was to determine the tissue expression of AHNAK2 and to find the correlation between AHNAK2 and overall survival rate in PDAC. RESULTS AHNAK2 is highly expressed in PDAC (n=79) compared with adjacent normal tissues (n=64, P<0.001). Overexpression of AHNAK2 showed a significant relationship with a lower overall survival rate (P=0.033) in PDAC patients. The predictive value of increased expression of AHNAK2 remains relevant in patients with AJCC grade above II (n=43, P=0.006) or lymph node metastasis (n=32, P=0.004). Cox regression analysis showed that AHNAK2 expression (P=0.003) and pathology grade (P<0.001) are independent prognostic factors for PDAC. The nomogram model was performed to predict the 1- and 3-year survival rates based on Cox regression. The C-index was 0.61. The calibration curves were also made to show the association between the observed and predicted probability of the overall survival rates. MATERIALS AND METHODS AHNAK2 expression was performed in tissue microarrays by immunohistochemistry. The overall survival rate analysis was performed using the Kaplan-Meier method, Cox proportional hazards regression, and a nomogram model. CONCLUSIONS AHNAK2 is overexpressed in PDAC tissues and is an independent prognostic factor in patients with PDAC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Di Lu
- Department of Gastroenterology, Beijing Chao-Yang Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100020, China
| | - Junxiong Wang
- Department of Gastroenterology, Beijing Chao-Yang Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100020, China
| | - Xiaoyan Shi
- Department of Pathology, Beijing Friendship Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100050, China
| | - Bing Yue
- Department of Pathology, Beijing Friendship Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100050, China
| | - Jianyu Hao
- Department of Gastroenterology, Beijing Chao-Yang Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100020, China
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Yin MX, Catimel B, Gregory M, Condron M, Kapp E, Holmes AB, Burgess AW. Synthesis of an inositol hexakisphosphate (IP6) affinity probe to study the interactome from a colon cancer cell line. Integr Biol (Camb) 2016; 8:309-18. [PMID: 26840369 DOI: 10.1039/c5ib00264h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Inositol hexakisphosphate (InsP6 or IP6) is an important signalling molecule in vesicular trafficking, neurotransmission, immune responses, regulation of protein kinases and phosphatases, activation of ion channels, antioxidant functions and anticancer activities. An IP6 probe was synthesised from myo-inositol via a derivatised analogue, which was immobilised through a terminal amino group onto Dynabeads. Systematic analysis of the IP6 interactome has been performed using the IP6 affinity probe using cytosolic extracts from the LIM1215 colonic carcinoma cell line. LC/MS/MS analysis identified 77 proteins or protein complexes that bind to IP6 specifically, including AP-2 complex proteins and β-arrestins as well as a number of novel potential IP6 interacting proteins. Bioinformatic enrichment analysis of the IP6 interactome reinforced the concept that IP6 regulates a number of biological processes including cell cycle and division, signal transduction, intracellular protein transport, vesicle-mediated transport and RNA splicing.
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Affiliation(s)
- Meng-Xin Yin
- School of Chemistry, Bio21 Institute, The University of Melbourne, 30 Flemington Road, Parkville, Victoria 3052, Australia
| | - Bruno Catimel
- Ludwig Institute for Cancer Research, Melbourne-Austin Branch, Olivia Newton-John Cancer & Wellness Centre, Studley Road, Heidelberg, Victoria 3084, Australia
| | - Mark Gregory
- School of Chemistry, Bio21 Institute, The University of Melbourne, 30 Flemington Road, Parkville, Victoria 3052, Australia
| | - Melanie Condron
- Walter and Eliza Hall Institute of Medical Research, Parkville, Victoria 3052, Australia. and Department of Medical Biology, University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria 3052, Australia
| | - Eugene Kapp
- Walter and Eliza Hall Institute of Medical Research, Parkville, Victoria 3052, Australia. and Department of Medical Biology, University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria 3052, Australia
| | - Andrew B Holmes
- School of Chemistry, Bio21 Institute, The University of Melbourne, 30 Flemington Road, Parkville, Victoria 3052, Australia
| | - Antony W Burgess
- Walter and Eliza Hall Institute of Medical Research, Parkville, Victoria 3052, Australia. and Department of Medical Biology, University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria 3052, Australia and Department of Surgery, RMH, University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria 3052, Australia
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Bagnato A, Rosanò L. Endothelin-1 receptor drives invadopodia: Exploiting how β-arrestin-1 guides the way. Small GTPases 2016; 9:394-398. [PMID: 27690729 DOI: 10.1080/21541248.2016.1235526] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/02/2023] Open
Abstract
Metastatization is a complex multistep process requiring fine-tuned regulated cytoskeleton re-modeling, mediated by the cross-talk of actin with interacting partners, such as the Rho GTPases. Our expanding knowledge of invadopodia, small invasive membrane protrusions composed of a core of F-actin, actin regulators and actin-binding proteins, and hotspots for secretion of extracellular matrix (ECM) proteinases, contributes to clarify critical steps of the metastatic program. Growth factor receptors and their intermediate signaling molecules, along with matrix adhesion and rigidity, pH and hypoxia, act as drivers of cytoskeleton changes and invadopodia formation. We recently pro-posed a novel route map by which cancer cells regulates invadopodia dynamics supporting metastasis as response to the endothelin A receptor (ETAR), among the highly druggable G-protein coupled receptors in cancer. The metastatic behavior exhibited by ovarian cancer cells overe-xpressing ETAR is now explained by the interplay with β-arrestin1 (β-arr1), a scaffold protein acting as signal-integrating module of RhoC and cofilin signaling for specific invadopodia formation, accomplished by its interaction with a Rho guanine nucleotide exchange factor (GEF), PDZ-RhoGEF, in a G-protein independent manner. Here, we summarize this novel activation of the RhoC pathway from ETAR/β-arr1 signaling that may be exploited therapeutically and discuss new perspectives for future directions of investigations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anna Bagnato
- a Preclinical Models and New Therapeutic Agents Unit, Translational Research Functional Departmental Area , Regina Elena National Cancer Institute , Rome , Italy
| | - Laura Rosanò
- a Preclinical Models and New Therapeutic Agents Unit, Translational Research Functional Departmental Area , Regina Elena National Cancer Institute , Rome , Italy
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Tocci P, Caprara V, Cianfrocca R, Sestito R, Di Castro V, Bagnato A, Rosanò L. Endothelin-1/endothelin A receptor axis activates RhoA GTPase in epithelial ovarian cancer. Life Sci 2016; 159:49-54. [DOI: 10.1016/j.lfs.2016.01.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/23/2015] [Revised: 11/25/2015] [Accepted: 01/07/2016] [Indexed: 01/16/2023]
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Rosanò L, Bagnato A. β-arrestin1 at the cross-road of endothelin-1 signaling in cancer. JOURNAL OF EXPERIMENTAL & CLINICAL CANCER RESEARCH : CR 2016; 35:121. [PMID: 27473335 PMCID: PMC4966762 DOI: 10.1186/s13046-016-0401-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/05/2016] [Accepted: 07/24/2016] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
The advent of targeted therapeutics in human cancer has begun to find novel druggable targets and, in this context, the endothelin-1 receptor (ET-1R), namely ETA receptor (ETAR) and ETB receptor, among the GPCR family represents a class of highly druggable molecules in cancer. ET-1R are aberrantly expressed in human malignancies, potentially representing prognostic factors. Their activation by ligand stimulation initiate signaling cascades activating different downstream effectors, allowing precise control over multiple signaling pathways. ET-1R regulates cell proliferation, survival, motility, cytoskeletal changes, angiogenesis, metastasis as well as drug resistance. The molecular events underlying these responses are the activation of transcriptional factors and coactivators, and downstream genes, acting as key players in tumor growth and progression. ET-1R represent crucial cancer targets that have been exploited for ET-1R therapeutics. Importantly, efforts to explore new information of ETAR in cancer have uncovered that their functions are crucially regulated by multifunctional scaffold protein β-arrestins (β-arrs) which orchestrate the multidimensionality of ETAR signaling into highly regulated and distinct signaling complexes, a property that is highly advantageous for tumor signaling. Moreover, the role of β-arr1 in ET-1 signaling in cancer highlights why the pleiotropic effects of ET-1 and its dynamic signaling are more complex than previously recognized. In order to improve therapeutic strategies that interfere with the widespread effects of ET-1R, it is important to consider antagonists able to turn the receptors “off” selectively controlling β-arr1-dependent signaling, highlighting the possibility that targeting ETAR/β-arr1 may display a large therapeutic window in cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Laura Rosanò
- Preclinical Models and New Therapeutic Agents Unit, Translational Research Functional Departmental Area, Regina Elena National Cancer Institute, Via Elio Chianesi, 53, 00144, Rome, Italy.
| | - Anna Bagnato
- Preclinical Models and New Therapeutic Agents Unit, Translational Research Functional Departmental Area, Regina Elena National Cancer Institute, Via Elio Chianesi, 53, 00144, Rome, Italy.
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Skvortsov S, Arnold CR, Debbage P, Lukas P, Skvortsova I. Proteomic approach to understand metastatic spread. Proteomics Clin Appl 2015; 9:1069-77. [DOI: 10.1002/prca.201400128] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/03/2014] [Revised: 04/07/2015] [Accepted: 04/22/2015] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Sergej Skvortsov
- Laboratory for Experimental and Translational Research on Radiation Oncology (EXTRO-Lab); Department of Therapeutic Radiology and Oncology; Innsbruck Medical University; Innsbruck Austria
| | - Christoph R. Arnold
- Laboratory for Experimental and Translational Research on Radiation Oncology (EXTRO-Lab); Department of Therapeutic Radiology and Oncology; Innsbruck Medical University; Innsbruck Austria
| | - Paul Debbage
- Department of Anatomy; Histology and Embryology; Innsbruck Medical University; Innsbruck Austria
| | - Peter Lukas
- Laboratory for Experimental and Translational Research on Radiation Oncology (EXTRO-Lab); Department of Therapeutic Radiology and Oncology; Innsbruck Medical University; Innsbruck Austria
| | - Ira Skvortsova
- Laboratory for Experimental and Translational Research on Radiation Oncology (EXTRO-Lab); Department of Therapeutic Radiology and Oncology; Innsbruck Medical University; Innsbruck Austria
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15
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Havrylov S, Park M. MS/MS-based strategies for proteomic profiling of invasive cell structures. Proteomics 2014; 15:272-86. [PMID: 25303514 DOI: 10.1002/pmic.201400220] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/16/2014] [Revised: 08/19/2014] [Accepted: 10/01/2014] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
Acquired capacity of cancer cells to penetrate through the extracellular matrix of surrounding tissues is a prerequisite for tumour metastatic spread - the main source of cancer-associated mortality. Through combined efforts of many research groups, we are beginning to understand that the ability of cells to invade through the extracellular matrix is a multi-faceted phenomenon supported by variety of specialised protrusive cellular structures, primarily pseudopodia, invadopodia and podosomes. Additionally, secreted extracellular vesicles are being increasingly recognised as important mediators of invasive cell phenotypes and therefore may be considered bona fide invasive cell structures. Dissection of the molecular makings underlying biogenesis and function of all of these structures is crucial to identify novel targets for specific anti-metastatic therapies. Rapid advances and growing accessibility of MS/MS-based protein identification made this family of techniques a suitable and appropriate choice for proteomic profiling of invasive cell structures. In this review, we provide a summary of current progress in the characterisation of protein composition and topology of protein interaction networks of pseudopodia, invadopodia, podosomes and extracellular vesicles, as well as outline challenges and perspectives of the field.
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Affiliation(s)
- Serhiy Havrylov
- Goodman Cancer Research Centre, McGill University, Montreal, QC, Canada; Department of Medicine, McGill University, Montreal, QC, Canada
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16
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Kakarala KK, Jamil K. Protease activated receptor-2 (PAR2): possible target of phytochemicals. J Biomol Struct Dyn 2014; 33:2003-22. [PMID: 25386994 DOI: 10.1080/07391102.2014.986197] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
Abstract
The use of phytochemicals either singly or in combination with other anticancer drugs comes with an advantage of less toxicity and minimal side effects. Signaling pathways play central role in cell cycle, cell growth, metabolism, etc. Thus, the identification of phytochemicals with promising antagonistic effect on the receptor/s playing key role in single transduction may have better therapeutic application. With this background, phytochemicals were screened against protease-activated receptor 2 (PAR2). PAR2 belongs to the superfamily of GPCRs and is an important target for breast cancer. Using in silico methods, this study was able to identify the phytochemicals with promising binding affinity suggesting their therapeutic potential in the treatment of breast cancer. The findings from this study acquires importance as the information on the possible agonists and antagonists of PAR2 is limited due its unique mechanism of activation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kavita Kumari Kakarala
- a Centre for Biotechnology and Bioinformatics (CBB), School of Life Sciences , Jawaharlal Nehru Institute of Advanced Studies (JNIAS) , 6th Floor, Buddha Bhawan, M.G. Road, Secunderabad 500003 , Andhra Pradesh , India
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17
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Mimae T, Ito A. New challenges in pseudopodial proteomics by a laser-assisted cell etching technique. BIOCHIMICA ET BIOPHYSICA ACTA-PROTEINS AND PROTEOMICS 2014; 1854:538-46. [PMID: 25461796 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbapap.2014.10.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/30/2014] [Revised: 09/10/2014] [Accepted: 10/10/2014] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
Pseudopodia are ventral membrane protrusions that extend toward higher concentrations of chemoattractants and play key roles in cell migration and cancer cell invasion. Cancers, including carcinoma and sarcoma, become life threatening when they invade surrounding structures and other organs. Understanding the molecular basis of invasiveness is important for the elimination of cancers. Thus, determining the pseudopodial composition will offer insights into the mechanisms underlying tumor cell invasiveness and provide potential biomarkers and therapeutic targets. Pseudopodial composition has been extensively investigated by using proteomic approaches. A variety of modalities, including gel-based and mass spectrometry-based methods, have been employed for pseudopodial proteomics. Our research group recently established a novel method using excimer laser pulses to selectively harvest pseudopodia, and we successfully identified a number of new pseudopodial constituents. Here, we summarized the conventional proteomic procedures and describe our new excimer laser-assisted method, with a special emphasis on the differences in the methods used to isolate pseudopodia. In addition, we discussed the theoretical background for the use of excimer laser-mediated cell ablation in proteomic applications. Using the excimer laser-assisted method, we showed that alpha-parvin, an actin-binding adaptor protein, is localized to pseudopodia, and is involved in breast cancer invasiveness. Our results clearly indicate that excimer laser-assisted cell etching is a useful technique for pseudopodial proteomics. This article is part of a Special Issue entitled: Medical Proteomics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Takahiro Mimae
- Department of Surgical Oncology, Research Institute for Radiation Biology and Medicine, Hiroshima University, Hiroshima 734-8551, Japan.
| | - Akihiko Ito
- Department of Pathology, Faculty of Medicine, Kinki University, Osaka 589-8511, Japan
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18
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Davis TA, Loos B, Engelbrecht AM. AHNAK: the giant jack of all trades. Cell Signal 2014; 26:2683-93. [PMID: 25172424 DOI: 10.1016/j.cellsig.2014.08.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 70] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/29/2014] [Revised: 08/08/2014] [Accepted: 08/18/2014] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
The nucleoprotein AHNAK is an unusual and somewhat mysterious scaffolding protein characterised by its large size of approximately 700 kDa. Several aspects of this protein remain uncertain, including its exact molecular function and regulation on both the gene and protein levels. Various studies have attempted to annotate AHNAK and, notably, protein interaction and expression analyses have contributed greatly to our current understanding of the protein. The implicated biological processes are, however, very diverse, ranging from a role in the formation of the blood-brain barrier, cell architecture and migration, to the regulation of cardiac calcium channels and muscle membrane repair. In addition, recent evidence suggests that AHNAK might be yet another accomplice in the development of tumour metastasis. This review will discuss the different functional roles of AHNAK, highlighting recent advancements that have added foundation to the proposed roles while identifying ties between them. Implications for related fields of research are noted and suggestions for future research that will assist in unravelling the function of AHNAK are offered.
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Affiliation(s)
- T A Davis
- Department of Physiological Sciences, University of Stellenbosch, Mike de Vries Building, c/o Merriman Avenue and Bosman Street, Stellenbosch 7600, South Africa.
| | - B Loos
- Department of Physiological Sciences, University of Stellenbosch, Mike de Vries Building, c/o Merriman Avenue and Bosman Street, Stellenbosch 7600, South Africa
| | - A-M Engelbrecht
- Department of Physiological Sciences, University of Stellenbosch, Mike de Vries Building, c/o Merriman Avenue and Bosman Street, Stellenbosch 7600, South Africa
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19
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Kakarala KK, Jamil K, Devaraji V. Structure and putative signaling mechanism of Protease activated receptor 2 (PAR2) - a promising target for breast cancer. J Mol Graph Model 2014; 53:179-199. [PMID: 25173751 DOI: 10.1016/j.jmgm.2014.07.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/16/2014] [Revised: 07/16/2014] [Accepted: 07/21/2014] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Experimental evidences have observed enhanced expression of protease activated receptor 2 (PAR2) in breast cancer consistently. However, it is not yet recognized as an important therapeutic target for breast cancer as the primary molecular mechanisms of its activation are not yet well-defined. Nevertheless, recent reports on the mechanism of GPCR activation and signaling have given new insights to GPCR functioning. In the light of these details, we attempted to understand PAR2 structure & function using molecular modeling techniques. In this work, we generated averaged representative stable models of PAR2, using protease activated receptor 1 (PAR1) as a template and selected conformation based on their binding affinity with PAR2 specific agonist, GB110. Further, the selected model was used for studying the binding affinity of putative ligands. The selected ligands were based on a recent publication on phylogenetic analysis of Class A rhodopsin family of GPCRs. This study reports putative ligands, their interacting residues, binding affinity and molecular dynamics simulation studies on PAR2-ligand complexes. The results reported from this study would be useful for researchers and academicians to investigate PAR2 function as its physiological role is still hypothetical. Further, this information may provide a novel therapeutic scheme to manage breast cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kavita Kumari Kakarala
- Centre for Biotechnology and Bioinformatics (CBB), School of Life Sciences, Jawaharlal Nehru Institute of Advanced Studies (JNIAS), 6th Floor, Buddha Bhawan, M.G. Road, Secunderabad 500003, Andhra Pradesh, India.
| | - Kaiser Jamil
- Centre for Biotechnology and Bioinformatics (CBB), School of Life Sciences, Jawaharlal Nehru Institute of Advanced Studies (JNIAS), 6th Floor, Buddha Bhawan, M.G. Road, Secunderabad 500003, Andhra Pradesh, India
| | - Vinod Devaraji
- College of Pharmacy, Madras Medical College, E.V.R. Periyar Salai, Chennai 600003, India
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20
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McGovern KW, DeFea KA. Molecular mechanisms underlying beta-arrestin-dependent chemotaxis and actin-cytoskeletal reorganization. Handb Exp Pharmacol 2014; 219:341-359. [PMID: 24292838 DOI: 10.1007/978-3-642-41199-1_17] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/02/2023]
Abstract
β-Arrestins play a crucial role in cell migration downstream of multiple G-protein-coupled receptors (GPCRs) through multiple mechanisms. There is considerable evidence that β-arrestin-dependent scaffolding of actin assembly proteins facilitates the formation of a leading edge in response to a chemotactic signal. Conversely, there is substantial support for the hypothesis that β-arrestins facilitate receptor turnover through their ability to desensitize and internalize GPCRs. This chapter discusses both theories for β-arrestin-dependent chemotaxis in the context of recent studies, specifically addressing known actin assembly proteins regulated by β-arrestins, chemokine receptors, and signaling by chemotactic receptors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kathryn W McGovern
- Biochemistry and Molecular Biology Graduate Program, University of California, Riverside, CA, USA
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21
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Yau MK, Liu L, Fairlie DP. Toward drugs for protease-activated receptor 2 (PAR2). J Med Chem 2013; 56:7477-97. [PMID: 23895492 DOI: 10.1021/jm400638v] [Citation(s) in RCA: 63] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
Abstract
PAR2 has a distinctive functional phenotype among an unusual group of GPCRs called protease activated receptors, which self-activate after cleavage of their N-termini by mainly serine proteases. PAR2 is the most highly expressed PAR on certain immune cells, and it is activated by multiple proteases (but not thrombin) in inflammation. PAR2 is expressed on many types of primary human cells and cancer cells. PAR2 knockout mice and PAR2 agonists and antagonists have implicated PAR2 as a promising target in inflammatory conditions; respiratory, gastrointestinal, metabolic, cardiovascular, and neurological dysfunction; and cancers. This article summarizes salient features of PAR2 structure, activation, and function; opportunities for disease intervention via PAR2; pharmacological properties of published or patented PAR2 modulators (small molecule agonists and antagonists, pepducins, antibodies); and some personal perspectives on limitations of assessing their properties and on promising new directions for PAR2 modulation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mei-Kwan Yau
- Division of Chemistry and Structural Biology, Institute for Molecular Bioscience, The University of Queensland , Brisbane, Queensland 4072, Australia
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