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Ujcikova H, Lee YS, Roubalova L, Svoboda P. The impact of multifunctional enkephalin analogs and morphine on the protein changes in crude membrane fractions isolated from the rat brain cortex and hippocampus. Peptides 2024; 174:171165. [PMID: 38307418 DOI: 10.1016/j.peptides.2024.171165] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/11/2023] [Revised: 01/12/2024] [Accepted: 01/29/2024] [Indexed: 02/04/2024]
Abstract
Endogenous opioid peptides serve as potent analgesics through the opioid receptor (OR) activation. However, they often suffer from poor metabolic stability, low lipophilicity, and low blood-brain barrier permeability. Researchers have developed many strategies to overcome the drawbacks of current pain medications and unwanted biological effects produced by the interaction with opioid receptors. Here, we tested multifunctional enkephalin analogs LYS739 (MOR/DOR agonist and KOR partial antagonist) and LYS744 (MOR/DOR agonist and KOR full antagonist) under in vivo conditions in comparison with MOR agonist, morphine. We applied 2D electrophoretic resolution to investigate differences in proteome profiles of crude membrane (CM) fractions isolated from the rat brain cortex and hippocampus exposed to the drugs (10 mg/kg, seven days). Our results have shown that treatment with analog LYS739 induced the most protein changes in cortical and hippocampal samples. The identified proteins were mainly associated with energy metabolism, cell shape and movement, apoptosis, protein folding, regulation of redox homeostasis, and signal transduction. Among these, the isoform of mitochondrial ATP synthase subunit beta (ATP5F1B) was the only protein upregulation in the hippocampus but not in the brain cortex. Contrarily, the administration of analog LYS744 caused a small number of protein alterations in both brain parts. Our results indicate that the KOR full antagonism, together with MOR/DOR agonism of multifunctional opioid ligands, can be beneficial in treating chronic pain states by reducing changes in protein expression levels but retaining analgesic efficacy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hana Ujcikova
- Laboratory of Neurochemistry, Institute of Physiology of the Czech Academy of Sciences, Videnska 1083, Prague 4 14200, Czech Republic.
| | - Yeon Sun Lee
- Department of Pharmacology, University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ 85724, USA
| | - Lenka Roubalova
- Laboratory of Neurochemistry, Institute of Physiology of the Czech Academy of Sciences, Videnska 1083, Prague 4 14200, Czech Republic
| | - Petr Svoboda
- Laboratory of Neurochemistry, Institute of Physiology of the Czech Academy of Sciences, Videnska 1083, Prague 4 14200, Czech Republic
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2
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Tarazi D, Maynes JT. Impact of Opioids on Cellular Metabolism: Implications for Metabolic Pathways Involved in Cancer. Pharmaceutics 2023; 15:2225. [PMID: 37765194 PMCID: PMC10534826 DOI: 10.3390/pharmaceutics15092225] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/01/2023] [Revised: 08/23/2023] [Accepted: 08/24/2023] [Indexed: 09/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Opioid utilization for pain management is prevalent among cancer patients. There is significant evidence describing the many effects of opioids on cancer development. Despite the pivotal role of metabolic reprogramming in facilitating cancer growth and metastasis, the specific impact of opioids on crucial oncogenic metabolic pathways remains inadequately investigated. This review provides an understanding of the current research on opioid-mediated changes to cellular metabolic pathways crucial for oncogenesis, including glycolysis, the tricarboxylic acid cycle, glutaminolysis, and oxidative phosphorylation (OXPHOS). The existing literature suggests that opioids affect energy production pathways via increasing intracellular glucose levels, increasing the production of lactic acid, and reducing ATP levels through impediment of OXPHOS. Opioids modulate pathways involved in redox balance which may allow cancer cells to overcome ROS-mediated apoptotic signaling. The majority of studies have been conducted in healthy tissue with a predominant focus on neuronal cells. To comprehensively understand the impact of opioids on metabolic pathways critical to cancer progression, research must extend beyond healthy tissue and encompass patient-derived cancer tissue, allowing for a better understanding in the context of the metabolic reprogramming already undergone by cancer cells. The current literature is limited by a lack of direct experimentation exploring opioid-induced changes to cancer metabolism as they relate to tumor growth and patient outcome.
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Affiliation(s)
- Doorsa Tarazi
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON M5G 1A8, Canada;
- Program in Molecular Medicine, The Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, ON M5G 1X8, Canada
| | - Jason T. Maynes
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON M5G 1A8, Canada;
- Program in Molecular Medicine, The Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, ON M5G 1X8, Canada
- Department of Anesthesia and Pain Medicine, The Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, ON M5G 1X8, Canada
- Department of Anesthesiology and Pain Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON M5G 1E2, Canada
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3
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Sechovcová H, Rudl Kulhavá L, Fliegerová K, Killer J, Kopečný J. Advantages of label free method in comparison with 2DE proteomic analysis of Butyrivibrio fibrisolvens 3071 grown on different carbon sources. ITALIAN JOURNAL OF ANIMAL SCIENCE 2022. [DOI: 10.1080/1828051x.2022.2129477] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Hana Sechovcová
- Institute of Animal Physiology and Genetics, CAS, Laboratory of Anaerobic Microbiology, Prague, Czech Republic
- Czech University of Life Sciences, Faculty of Agrobiology, Food and Natural Resources, Department of Microbiology, Nutrition and Dietetics, Prague, Czech Republic
| | | | - Kateřina Fliegerová
- Institute of Animal Physiology and Genetics, CAS, Laboratory of Anaerobic Microbiology, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Jiří Killer
- Institute of Animal Physiology and Genetics, CAS, Laboratory of Anaerobic Microbiology, Prague, Czech Republic
- Czech University of Life Sciences, Faculty of Agrobiology, Food and Natural Resources, Department of Microbiology, Nutrition and Dietetics, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Jan Kopečný
- Institute of Animal Physiology and Genetics, CAS, Laboratory of Anaerobic Microbiology, Prague, Czech Republic
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4
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Ujcikova H, Roubalova L, Lee YS, Slaninova J, Brejchova J, Svoboda P. The Dose-Dependent Effects of Multifunctional Enkephalin Analogs on the Protein Composition of Rat Spleen Lymphocytes, Cortex, and Hippocampus; Comparison with Changes Induced by Morphine. Biomedicines 2022; 10:biomedicines10081969. [PMID: 36009516 PMCID: PMC9406115 DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines10081969] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/27/2022] [Revised: 07/28/2022] [Accepted: 08/12/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
This work aimed to test the effect of 7-day exposure of rats to multifunctional enkephalin analogs LYS739 and LYS744 at doses of 3 mg/kg and 10 mg/kg on the protein composition of rat spleen lymphocytes, brain cortex, and hippocampus. Alterations of proteome induced by LYS739 and LYS744 were compared with those elicited by morphine. The changes in rat proteome profiles were analyzed by label-free quantification (MaxLFQ). Proteomic analysis indicated that the treatment with 3 mg/kg of LYS744 caused significant alterations in protein expression levels in spleen lymphocytes (45), rat brain cortex (31), and hippocampus (42). The identified proteins were primarily involved in RNA processing and the regulation of cytoskeletal dynamics. In spleen lymphocytes, the administration of the higher 10 mg/kg dose of both enkephalin analogs caused major, extensive modifications in protein expression levels: LYS739 (119) and LYS744 (182). Among these changes, the number of proteins associated with immune responses and apoptotic processes was increased. LYS739 treatment resulted in the highest number of alterations in the rat brain cortex (152) and hippocampus (45). The altered proteins were functionally related to the regulation of transcription and cytoskeletal reorganization, which plays an essential role in neuronal plasticity. Administration with LYS744 did not increase the number of altered proteins in the brain cortex (26) and hippocampus (26). Our findings demonstrate that the effect of κ-OR full antagonism of LYS744 is opposite in the central nervous system and the peripheral region (spleen lymphocytes).
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Affiliation(s)
- Hana Ujcikova
- Laboratory of Neurochemistry, Institute of Physiology of the Czech Academy of Sciences, Videnska 1083, 14220 Prague, Czech Republic
- Correspondence:
| | - Lenka Roubalova
- Laboratory of Neurochemistry, Institute of Physiology of the Czech Academy of Sciences, Videnska 1083, 14220 Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Yeon Sun Lee
- Department of Pharmacology, University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ 85724, USA
| | - Jirina Slaninova
- Laboratory of Neurochemistry, Institute of Physiology of the Czech Academy of Sciences, Videnska 1083, 14220 Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Jana Brejchova
- Laboratory of Neurochemistry, Institute of Physiology of the Czech Academy of Sciences, Videnska 1083, 14220 Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Petr Svoboda
- Laboratory of Neurochemistry, Institute of Physiology of the Czech Academy of Sciences, Videnska 1083, 14220 Prague, Czech Republic
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Time-Dependent Changes in Protein Composition of Medial Prefrontal Cortex in Rats with Neuropathic Pain. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms23020955. [PMID: 35055141 PMCID: PMC8781622 DOI: 10.3390/ijms23020955] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2021] [Revised: 01/10/2022] [Accepted: 01/14/2022] [Indexed: 01/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Chronic pain is associated with time-dependent structural and functional reorganization of the prefrontal cortex that may reflect adaptive pain compensatory and/or maladaptive pain-promoting mechanisms. However, the molecular underpinnings of these changes and whether there are time-dependent relationships to pain progression are not well characterized. In this study, we analyzed protein composition in the medial prefrontal cortex (mPFC) of rats at two timepoints after spinal nerve ligation (SNL) using two-dimensional gel electrophoresis (2D-ELFO) and liquid chromatography with tandem mass spectrometry (LC–MS/MS). SNL, but not sham-operated, rats developed persistent tactile allodynia and thermal hyperalgesia, confirming the presence of experimental neuropathic pain. Two weeks after SNL (early timepoint), we identified 11 proteins involved in signal transduction, protein transport, cell homeostasis, metabolism, and apoptosis, as well as heat-shock proteins and chaperones that were upregulated by more than 1.5-fold compared to the sham-operated rats. Interestingly, there were only four significantly altered proteins identified at 8 weeks after SNL (late timepoint). These findings demonstrate extensive time-dependent modifications of protein expression in the rat mPFC under a chronic neuropathic pain state that might underlie the evolution of chronic pain characterized by early pain-compensatory and later aberrant mechanisms.
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Alterations in the Proteome and Phosphoproteome Profiles of Rat Hippocampus after Six Months of Morphine Withdrawal: Comparison with the Forebrain Cortex. Biomedicines 2021; 10:biomedicines10010080. [PMID: 35052759 PMCID: PMC8772819 DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines10010080] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/25/2021] [Revised: 12/21/2021] [Accepted: 12/28/2021] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
The knowledge about proteome changes proceeding during protracted opioid withdrawal is lacking. Therefore, the aim of this work was to analyze the spectrum of altered proteins in the rat hippocampus in comparison with the forebrain cortex after 6-month morphine withdrawal. We utilized 2D electrophoretic workflow (Pro-Q® Diamond staining and Colloidal Coomassie Blue staining) which was preceded by label-free quantification (MaxLFQ). The phosphoproteomic analysis revealed six significantly altered hippocampal (Calm1, Ywhaz, Tuba1b, Stip1, Pgk1, and Aldoa) and three cortical proteins (Tubb2a, Tuba1a, and Actb). The impact of 6-month morphine withdrawal on the changes in the proteomic profiles was higher in the hippocampus—14 proteins, only three proteins were detected in the forebrain cortex. Gene Ontology (GO) enrichment analysis of differentially expressed hippocampal proteins revealed the most enriched terms related to metabolic changes, cytoskeleton organization and response to oxidative stress. There is increasing evidence that energy metabolism plays an important role in opioid addiction. However, the way how morphine treatment and withdrawal alter energy metabolism is not fully understood. Our results indicate that the rat hippocampus is more susceptible to changes in proteome and phosphoproteome profiles induced by 6-month morphine withdrawal than is the forebrain cortex.
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Proteomic analysis reveals brain Rab35 as a potential biomarker of mitragynine withdrawal in rats. Brain Res Bull 2021; 172:139-150. [PMID: 33901587 DOI: 10.1016/j.brainresbull.2021.04.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/14/2021] [Revised: 04/16/2021] [Accepted: 04/20/2021] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Mitragyna speciosa, also known as kratom, has been used for mitigating the severity of opioid withdrawal in humans. Its main indole alkaloid, mitragynine, has been considered as a pharmacotherapy for pain conditions and opioid replacement therapy. However, at high doses, chronic mitragynine may also have an addiction potential. The effects of chronic action of mitragynine in the brain are still unknown. The present study developed a mitragynine withdrawal model in rats and used it for a proteomic analysis of mitragynine withdrawal effects. Mitragynine (30 mg/kg, i.p.) was administered daily over a period of 14 days and then withdrawn. A proteomic analysis revealed that from a total of 1524 proteins identified, 31 proteins were upregulated, and 3 proteins were downregulated in the mitragynine withdrawal model. The Rab35 protein expression increased most profoundly in the mitragynine withdrawal group as compared to vehicle group. Therefore, it is proposed that Rab35 in the brain might be considered as a potential biomarker during mitragynine withdrawal and might be valuable target protein in developing new pharmacotherapies in the future.
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Ujcikova H, Hejnova L, Eckhardt A, Roubalova L, Novotny J, Svoboda P. Impact of three-month morphine withdrawal on rat brain cortex, hippocampus, striatum and cerebellum: proteomic and phosphoproteomic studies. Neurochem Int 2021; 144:104975. [PMID: 33508371 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuint.2021.104975] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/02/2020] [Revised: 11/25/2020] [Accepted: 01/21/2021] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Opioid addiction is characterized by compulsive drug seeking and taking behavior, which is thought to result from persistent neuroadaptations. However, there is a lack of information about the changes at both the cellular and molecular levels occurring after cessation of drug administration. The aim of our study was to determine alterations of both phosphoproteome and proteome in selected brain regions of the rats (brain cortex, hippocampus, striatum, and cerebellum) 3 months after cessation of 10-day morphine treatment. Phosphoproteome profiling was performed by Pro-Q® Diamond staining. The gel-based proteomic approach accompanied by label-free quantification (MaxLFQ) was used for characterization of proteome changes. The phosphoproteomic analysis revealed the largest change in the hippocampus (14); only few altered proteins were detected in the forebrain cortex (5), striatum (4), and cerebellum (3). The change of total protein composition, determined by 2D electrophoresis followed by LFQ analysis, identified 22 proteins with significantly altered expression levels in the forebrain cortex, 19 proteins in the hippocampus, 12 in the striatum and 10 in the cerebellum. The majority of altered proteins were functionally related to energy metabolism and cytoskeleton reorganization. As the most important change we regard down-regulation of 14-3-3 proteins in rat cortex and hippocampus. Our findings indicate that i) different parts of the brain respond in a distinct manner to the protracted morphine withdrawal, ii) characterize changes of protein composition in these brain parts, and iii) enlarge the scope of evidence for adaptability and distinct neuroplasticity proceeding in the brain of drug-addicted organism.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hana Ujcikova
- Laboratory of Membrane Receptors, Department of Biomathematics, Institute of Physiology of the Czech Academy of Sciences, Videnska 1083, 142 20, Prague 4, Czech Republic.
| | - Lucie Hejnova
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Science, Charles University, Vinicna 7, 128 43, Prague 2, Czech Republic
| | - Adam Eckhardt
- Laboratory of Translational Metabolism, Institute of Physiology of the Czech Academy of Sciences, Videnska 1083, 142 20, Prague 4, Czech Republic
| | - Lenka Roubalova
- Laboratory of Membrane Receptors, Department of Biomathematics, Institute of Physiology of the Czech Academy of Sciences, Videnska 1083, 142 20, Prague 4, Czech Republic
| | - Jiri Novotny
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Science, Charles University, Vinicna 7, 128 43, Prague 2, Czech Republic
| | - Petr Svoboda
- Laboratory of Membrane Receptors, Department of Biomathematics, Institute of Physiology of the Czech Academy of Sciences, Videnska 1083, 142 20, Prague 4, Czech Republic
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9
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Barbosa J, Faria J, Garcez F, Leal S, Afonso LP, Nascimento AV, Moreira R, Pereira FC, Queirós O, Carvalho F, Dinis-Oliveira RJ. Repeated Administration of Clinically Relevant Doses of the Prescription Opioids Tramadol and Tapentadol Causes Lung, Cardiac, and Brain Toxicity in Wistar Rats. Pharmaceuticals (Basel) 2021; 14:ph14020097. [PMID: 33513867 PMCID: PMC7912343 DOI: 10.3390/ph14020097] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/02/2021] [Revised: 01/19/2021] [Accepted: 01/23/2021] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Tramadol and tapentadol, two structurally related synthetic opioid analgesics, are widely prescribed due to the enhanced therapeutic profiles resulting from the synergistic combination between μ-opioid receptor (MOR) activation and monoamine reuptake inhibition. However, the number of adverse reactions has been growing along with their increasing use and misuse. The potential toxicological mechanisms for these drugs are not completely understood, especially for tapentadol, owing to its shorter market history. Therefore, in the present study, we aimed to comparatively assess the putative lung, cardiac, and brain cortex toxicological damage elicited by the repeated exposure to therapeutic doses of both prescription opioids. To this purpose, male Wistar rats were intraperitoneally injected with single daily doses of 10, 25, and 50 mg/kg tramadol or tapentadol, corresponding to a standard analgesic dose, an intermediate dose, and the maximum recommended daily dose, respectively, for 14 consecutive days. Such treatment was found to lead mainly to lipid peroxidation and inflammation in lung and brain cortex tissues, as shown through augmented thiobarbituric acid reactive substances (TBARS), as well as to increased serum inflammation biomarkers, such as C reactive protein (CRP) and tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α). Cardiomyocyte integrity was also shown to be affected, since both opioids incremented serum lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) and α-hydroxybutyrate dehydrogenase (α-HBDH) activities, while tapentadol was associated with increased serum creatine kinase muscle brain (CK-MB) isoform activity. In turn, the analysis of metabolic parameters in brain cortex tissue revealed increased lactate concentration upon exposure to both drugs, as well as augmented LDH and creatine kinase (CK) activities following tapentadol treatment. In addition, pneumo- and cardiotoxicity biomarkers were quantified at the gene level, while neurotoxicity biomarkers were quantified both at the gene and protein levels; changes in their expression correlate with the oxidative stress, inflammatory, metabolic, and histopathological changes that were detected. Hematoxylin and eosin (H & E) staining revealed several histopathological alterations, including alveolar collapse and destruction in lung sections, inflammatory infiltrates, altered cardiomyocytes and loss of striation in heart sections, degenerated neurons, and accumulation of glial and microglial cells in brain cortex sections. In turn, Masson's trichrome staining confirmed fibrous tissue deposition in cardiac tissue. Taken as a whole, these results show that the repeated administration of both prescription opioids extends the dose range for which toxicological injury is observed to lower therapeutic doses. They also reinforce previous assumptions that tramadol and tapentadol are not devoid of toxicological risk even at clinical doses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joana Barbosa
- IINFACTS—Institute of Research and Advanced Training in Health Sciences and Technologies, Department of Sciences, University Institute of Health Sciences (IUCS), CESPU, CRL, 4585-116 Gandra, Portugal; (J.F.); (F.G.); (S.L.); (A.V.N.); (R.M.); (O.Q.)
- UCIBIO, REQUIMTE—Laboratory of Toxicology, Department of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Porto, 4050-313 Porto, Portugal;
- Department of Public Health and Forensic Sciences, and Medical Education, Faculty of Medicine, University of Porto, 4200-319 Porto, Portugal
- Correspondence: (J.B.); (R.J.D.-O.); Tel.: +351-224-157-216 (J.B.); +351-224-157-216 (R.J.D.-O.)
| | - Juliana Faria
- IINFACTS—Institute of Research and Advanced Training in Health Sciences and Technologies, Department of Sciences, University Institute of Health Sciences (IUCS), CESPU, CRL, 4585-116 Gandra, Portugal; (J.F.); (F.G.); (S.L.); (A.V.N.); (R.M.); (O.Q.)
- UCIBIO, REQUIMTE—Laboratory of Toxicology, Department of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Porto, 4050-313 Porto, Portugal;
| | - Fernanda Garcez
- IINFACTS—Institute of Research and Advanced Training in Health Sciences and Technologies, Department of Sciences, University Institute of Health Sciences (IUCS), CESPU, CRL, 4585-116 Gandra, Portugal; (J.F.); (F.G.); (S.L.); (A.V.N.); (R.M.); (O.Q.)
| | - Sandra Leal
- IINFACTS—Institute of Research and Advanced Training in Health Sciences and Technologies, Department of Sciences, University Institute of Health Sciences (IUCS), CESPU, CRL, 4585-116 Gandra, Portugal; (J.F.); (F.G.); (S.L.); (A.V.N.); (R.M.); (O.Q.)
- Department of Biomedicine, Unit of Anatomy, Faculty of Medicine, University of Porto, 4200-319 Porto, Portugal
- CINTESIS—Center for Health Technology and Services Research, Faculty of Medicine, University of Porto, 4200-450 Porto, Portugal
| | - Luís Pedro Afonso
- Department of Pathology, Portuguese Institute of Oncology of Porto, 4200-072 Porto, Portugal;
| | - Ana Vanessa Nascimento
- IINFACTS—Institute of Research and Advanced Training in Health Sciences and Technologies, Department of Sciences, University Institute of Health Sciences (IUCS), CESPU, CRL, 4585-116 Gandra, Portugal; (J.F.); (F.G.); (S.L.); (A.V.N.); (R.M.); (O.Q.)
| | - Roxana Moreira
- IINFACTS—Institute of Research and Advanced Training in Health Sciences and Technologies, Department of Sciences, University Institute of Health Sciences (IUCS), CESPU, CRL, 4585-116 Gandra, Portugal; (J.F.); (F.G.); (S.L.); (A.V.N.); (R.M.); (O.Q.)
| | - Frederico C. Pereira
- Institute of Pharmacology and Experimental Therapeutics/iCBR, Faculty of Medicine, University of Coimbra, 3000-354 Coimbra, Portugal;
| | - Odília Queirós
- IINFACTS—Institute of Research and Advanced Training in Health Sciences and Technologies, Department of Sciences, University Institute of Health Sciences (IUCS), CESPU, CRL, 4585-116 Gandra, Portugal; (J.F.); (F.G.); (S.L.); (A.V.N.); (R.M.); (O.Q.)
| | - Félix Carvalho
- UCIBIO, REQUIMTE—Laboratory of Toxicology, Department of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Porto, 4050-313 Porto, Portugal;
| | - Ricardo Jorge Dinis-Oliveira
- IINFACTS—Institute of Research and Advanced Training in Health Sciences and Technologies, Department of Sciences, University Institute of Health Sciences (IUCS), CESPU, CRL, 4585-116 Gandra, Portugal; (J.F.); (F.G.); (S.L.); (A.V.N.); (R.M.); (O.Q.)
- UCIBIO, REQUIMTE—Laboratory of Toxicology, Department of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Porto, 4050-313 Porto, Portugal;
- Department of Public Health and Forensic Sciences, and Medical Education, Faculty of Medicine, University of Porto, 4200-319 Porto, Portugal
- Correspondence: (J.B.); (R.J.D.-O.); Tel.: +351-224-157-216 (J.B.); +351-224-157-216 (R.J.D.-O.)
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Brejchova J, Holan V, Svoboda P. Expression of Opioid Receptors in Cells of the Immune System. Int J Mol Sci 2020; 22:E315. [PMID: 33396783 PMCID: PMC7795304 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22010315] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2020] [Revised: 12/19/2020] [Accepted: 12/22/2020] [Indexed: 01/04/2023] Open
Abstract
The observation of the immunomodulatory effects of opioid drugs opened the discussion about possible mechanisms of action and led researchers to consider the presence of opioid receptors (OR) in cells of the immune system. To date, numerous studies analyzing the expression of OR subtypes in animal and human immune cells have been performed. Some of them confirmed the expression of OR at both the mRNA and protein level, while others did not detect the receptor mRNA either. Although this topic remains controversial, further studies are constantly being published. The most recent articles suggested that the expression level of OR in human peripheral blood lymphocytes could help to evaluate the success of methadone maintenance therapy in former opioid addicts, or could serve as a biomarker for chronic pain diagnosis. However, the applicability of these findings to clinical practice needs to be verified by further investigations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jana Brejchova
- Laboratory of Biomathematics, Institute of Physiology of the Czech Academy of Sciences, 14220 Prague, Czech Republic;
| | - Vladimir Holan
- Department of Nanotoxicology and Molecular Epidemiology, Institute of Experimental Medicine of the Czech Academy of Sciences, 14220 Prague, Czech Republic;
- Department of Cell Biology, Faculty of Science, Charles University, 12843 Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Petr Svoboda
- Laboratory of Biomathematics, Institute of Physiology of the Czech Academy of Sciences, 14220 Prague, Czech Republic;
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Dozio V, Daali Y, Desmeules J, Sanchez JC. Deep proteomics and phosphoproteomics reveal novel biological pathways perturbed by morphine, morphine-3-glucuronide and morphine-6-glucuronide in human astrocytes. J Neurosci Res 2020; 100:220-236. [PMID: 32954564 DOI: 10.1002/jnr.24731] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/18/2020] [Revised: 08/06/2020] [Accepted: 08/31/2020] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
Tolerance and hyperalgesia associated with chronic exposure to morphine are major limitations in the clinical management of chronic pain. At a cellular level, neuronal signaling can in part account for these undesired side effects, but unknown mechanisms mediated by central nervous system glial cells are likely also involved. Here we applied data-independent acquisition mass spectrometry to perform a deep proteome and phosphoproteome analysis of how human astrocytes responds to opioid stimulation. We unveil time- and dose-dependent effects induced by morphine and its major active metabolites morphine-3-glucuronide (M3G) and morphine-6-glucuronide that converging on activation of mitogen-activated protein kinase and mammalian target of rapamycin signaling pathways. We also find that especially longer exposure to M3G leads to significant dysregulation of biological pathways linked to extracellular matrix organization, antigen presentation, cell adhesion, and glutamate homeostasis, which are crucial for neuron- and leukocyte-astrocyte interactions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vito Dozio
- Department of Medicine, University of Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland.,Swiss Centre for Applied Human Toxicology, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Youssef Daali
- Swiss Centre for Applied Human Toxicology, Basel, Switzerland.,Division of Clinical Pharmacology and Toxicology, Department of Anesthesiology, Pharmacology, Emergency Medicine and Intensive Cares, Geneva University Hospitals, Geneva, Switzerland
| | - Jules Desmeules
- Swiss Centre for Applied Human Toxicology, Basel, Switzerland.,Division of Clinical Pharmacology and Toxicology, Department of Anesthesiology, Pharmacology, Emergency Medicine and Intensive Cares, Geneva University Hospitals, Geneva, Switzerland
| | - Jean-Charles Sanchez
- Department of Medicine, University of Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland.,Swiss Centre for Applied Human Toxicology, Basel, Switzerland
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12
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Ujcikova H, Cechova K, Jagr M, Roubalova L, Vosahlikova M, Svoboda P. Proteomic analysis of protein composition of rat hippocampus exposed to morphine for 10 days; comparison with animals after 20 days of morphine withdrawal. PLoS One 2020; 15:e0231721. [PMID: 32294144 PMCID: PMC7159219 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0231721] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/28/2019] [Accepted: 03/30/2020] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Opioid addiction is recognized as a chronic relapsing brain disease resulting from repeated exposure to opioid drugs. Cellular and molecular mechanisms underlying the ability of organism to return back to the physiological norm after cessation of drug supply are not fully understood. The aim of this work was to extend our previous studies of morphine-induced alteration of rat forebrain cortex protein composition to the hippocampus. Rats were exposed to morphine for 10 days and sacrificed 24 h (groups +M10 and −M10) or 20 days after the last dose of morphine (groups +M10/−M20 and −M10/−M20). The six altered proteins (≥2-fold) were identified in group (+M10) when compared with group (−M10) by two-dimensional fluorescence difference gel electrophoresis (2D-DIGE). The number of differentially expressed proteins was increased to thirteen after 20 days of the drug withdrawal. Noticeably, the altered level of α-synuclein, β-synuclein, α-enolase and glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate dehydrogenase (GAPDH) was also determined in both (±M10) and (±M10/−M20) samples of hippocampus. Immunoblot analysis of 2D gels by specific antibodies oriented against α/β-synucleins and GAPDH confirmed the data obtained by 2D-DIGE analysis. Label-free quantification identified nineteen differentially expressed proteins in group (+M10) when compared with group (−M10). After 20 days of morphine withdrawal (±M10/−M20), the number of altered proteins was increased to twenty. We conclude that the morphine-induced alteration of protein composition in rat hippocampus after cessation of drug supply proceeds in a different manner when compared with the forebrain cortex. In forebrain cortex, the total number of altered proteins was decreased after 20 days without morphine, whilst in hippocampus, it was increased.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hana Ujcikova
- Laboratory of Membrane Receptors, Department of Biomathematics, Institute of Physiology of the Czech Academy of Sciences, Prague 4, Czech Republic
- * E-mail:
| | - Kristina Cechova
- Laboratory of Membrane Receptors, Department of Biomathematics, Institute of Physiology of the Czech Academy of Sciences, Prague 4, Czech Republic
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Science, Charles University in Prague, Prague 2, Czech Republic
| | - Michal Jagr
- Laboratory of Analysis of Biologically Important Compounds, Institute of Physiology of the Czech Academy of Sciences, Prague 4, Czech Republic
| | - Lenka Roubalova
- Laboratory of Membrane Receptors, Department of Biomathematics, Institute of Physiology of the Czech Academy of Sciences, Prague 4, Czech Republic
| | - Miroslava Vosahlikova
- Laboratory of Membrane Receptors, Department of Biomathematics, Institute of Physiology of the Czech Academy of Sciences, Prague 4, Czech Republic
| | - Petr Svoboda
- Laboratory of Membrane Receptors, Department of Biomathematics, Institute of Physiology of the Czech Academy of Sciences, Prague 4, Czech Republic
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The high-resolution proteomic analysis of protein composition of rat spleen lymphocytes stimulated by Concanavalin A; a comparison with morphine-treated cells. J Neuroimmunol 2020; 341:577191. [PMID: 32113006 DOI: 10.1016/j.jneuroim.2020.577191] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/13/2019] [Revised: 02/12/2020] [Accepted: 02/12/2020] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
Morphine- and Concanavalin A-induced changes of protein composition of rat spleen lymphocytes were determined by high-resolution proteomic analysis, gel-free, label-free quantification, MaxLFQ. Stimulation by Con A resulted in a major reorganization of spleen cell protein composition evidenced by increased expression level of 94 proteins; 101 proteins were down-regulated (>2-fold). Interestingly, among proteins that were up-regulated to the largest extent were the prototypical brain proteins as a neuron specific enolase, synapsin-1, brain acid-soluble protein-1 and myelin basic protein. Morphine-induced change was limited to no more than 5 up-regulated and 18 down-regulated proteins (>2-fold).
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Cockova Z, Ujcikova H, Telensky P, Novotny J. Protein profiling of SH-SY5Y neuroblastoma cells: The effect of rhein. J Biosci 2019. [DOI: 10.1007/s12038-019-9908-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
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15
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Ujcikova H, Hlouskova M, Cechova K, Stolarova K, Roubalova L, Svoboda P. Determination of μ-, δ- and κ-opioid receptors in forebrain cortex of rats exposed to morphine for 10 days: Comparison with animals after 20 days of morphine withdrawal. PLoS One 2017; 12:e0186797. [PMID: 29053731 PMCID: PMC5650167 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0186797] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/09/2017] [Accepted: 10/06/2017] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Chronic exposure of mammalian organism to morphine results in adaption to persistent high opioid tone through homeostatic adjustments. Our previous results indicated that in the frontal brain cortex (FBC) of rats exposed to morphine for 10 days, such a compensatory adjustment was detected as large up-regulation of adenylylcyclases I (8-fold) and II (2.5-fold). The other isoforms of AC (III-IX) were unchanged. Importantly, the increase of ACI and ACII was reversible as it disappeared after 20 days of morphine withdrawal. Changes of down-stream signaling molecules such as G proteins and adenylylcyclases should respond to and be preceded by primary changes proceeding at receptor level. Therefore in our present work, we addressed the problem of reversibility of the long-term morphine effects on μ-, δ- and κ-OR protein levels in FBC. METHODS Rats were exposed to increasing doses of morphine (10-40 mg/kg) for 10 days and sacrificed either 24 h (group +M10) or 20 days (group +M10/-M20) after the last dose of morphine in parallel with control animals (groups -M10 and -M10/-M20). Post-nuclear supernatant (PNS) fraction was prepared from forebrain cortex, resolved by 1D-SDS-PAGE under non-dissociated (-DTT) and dissociated (+DTT) conditions, and analyzed for the content of μ-, δ- and κ-OR by immunoblotting with C- and N-terminus oriented antibodies. RESULTS Significant down-regulation of δ-OR form exhibiting Mw ≈ 60 kDa was detected in PNS prepared from both (+M10) and (+M10/-M20) rats. However, the total immunoblot signals of μ-, δ- and κ-OR, respectively, were unchanged. Plasma membrane marker Na, K-ATPase, actin and GAPDH were unaffected by morphine in both types of PNS. Membrane-domain marker caveolin-1 and cholesterol level increased in (+M10) rats and this increase was reversed back to control level in (+M10/-M20) rats. CONCLUSIONS In FBC, prolonged exposure of rats to morphine results in minor (δ-OR) or no change (μ- and κ-OR) of opioid receptor content. The reversible increases of caveolin-1 and cholesterol levels suggest participation of membrane domains in compensatory responses during opioid withdrawal. GENERAL SIGNIFICANCE Analysis of reversibility of morphine effect on mammalian brain.
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MESH Headings
- Animals
- Blotting, Western
- Electrophoresis, Gel, Two-Dimensional
- Electrophoresis, Polyacrylamide Gel
- Male
- Morphine/administration & dosage
- Morphine/adverse effects
- Prosencephalon/metabolism
- Rats
- Rats, Wistar
- Receptors, Opioid, delta/metabolism
- Receptors, Opioid, kappa/metabolism
- Receptors, Opioid, mu/metabolism
- Substance Withdrawal Syndrome
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Affiliation(s)
- Hana Ujcikova
- Department of Biomathematics, Institute of Physiology of the Czech Academy of Sciences, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Martina Hlouskova
- Department of Biomathematics, Institute of Physiology of the Czech Academy of Sciences, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Kristina Cechova
- Department of Biomathematics, Institute of Physiology of the Czech Academy of Sciences, Prague, Czech Republic
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Science, Charles University in Prague, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Katerina Stolarova
- Department of Biomathematics, Institute of Physiology of the Czech Academy of Sciences, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Lenka Roubalova
- Department of Biomathematics, Institute of Physiology of the Czech Academy of Sciences, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Petr Svoboda
- Department of Biomathematics, Institute of Physiology of the Czech Academy of Sciences, Prague, Czech Republic
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Antolak A, Bodzoń-Kułakowska A, Cetnarska E, Pietruszka M, Marszałek-Grabska M, Kotlińska J, Suder P. Proteomic Data in Morphine Addiction Versus Real Protein Activity: Metabolic Enzymes. J Cell Biochem 2017; 118:4323-4330. [PMID: 28430368 DOI: 10.1002/jcb.26085] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/10/2017] [Accepted: 04/20/2017] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
Drug dependence is an escalating problem worldwide and many efforts are being made to understand the molecular basis of addiction. The morphine model is widely used in these investigations. To date, at least 29 studies exploring the influence of morphine on mammals' proteomes have been published. Among various proteins indicated as up- or down-regulated, the expression changes of enzymes engaged in energy metabolism pathways have often been confirmed. To verify whether proteomics-indicated alterations in enzyme levels reflect changes in their activity, four enzymes: PK, MDH, Complex I, and Complex V were investigated in morphine addiction and abstinence models. After analyses of the rat brain mitochondria fraction in the model of morphine dependence, we found that one of the investigated enzymes (pyruvate kinase) showed statistically significant differences observed between morphine, control, and abstinence groups. J. Cell. Biochem. 118: 4323-4330, 2017. © 2017 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anna Antolak
- Faculty of Materials Science and Technology, Department of Biochemistry and Neurobiology, AGH University of Science and Technology, Cracow, Poland
| | - Anna Bodzoń-Kułakowska
- Faculty of Materials Science and Technology, Department of Biochemistry and Neurobiology, AGH University of Science and Technology, Cracow, Poland
| | - Ewa Cetnarska
- Faculty of Materials Science and Technology, Department of Biochemistry and Neurobiology, AGH University of Science and Technology, Cracow, Poland
| | - Monika Pietruszka
- Faculty of Materials Science and Technology, Department of Biochemistry and Neurobiology, AGH University of Science and Technology, Cracow, Poland
| | - Marta Marszałek-Grabska
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Departament of Pharmacology and Pharmacodynamics, Medical University of Lublin, Lublin, Poland
| | - Jolanta Kotlińska
- Faculty of Materials Science and Technology, Department of Biochemistry and Neurobiology, AGH University of Science and Technology, Cracow, Poland
| | - Piotr Suder
- Faculty of Materials Science and Technology, Department of Biochemistry and Neurobiology, AGH University of Science and Technology, Cracow, Poland
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Vosahlikova M, Ujcikova H, Chernyavskiy O, Brejchova J, Roubalova L, Alda M, Svoboda P. Effect of therapeutic concentration of lithium on live HEK293 cells; increase of Na + /K + -ATPase, change of overall protein composition and alteration of surface layer of plasma membrane. Biochim Biophys Acta Gen Subj 2017; 1861:1099-1112. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bbagen.2017.02.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/27/2016] [Revised: 01/20/2017] [Accepted: 02/10/2017] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
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Abstract
Bioinformatic analysis can not only accelerate drug target identification and drug candidate screening and refinement, but also facilitate characterization of side effects and predict drug resistance. High-throughput data such as genomic, epigenetic, genome architecture, cistromic, transcriptomic, proteomic, and ribosome profiling data have all made significant contribution to mechanismbased drug discovery and drug repurposing. Accumulation of protein and RNA structures, as well as development of homology modeling and protein structure simulation, coupled with large structure databases of small molecules and metabolites, paved the way for more realistic protein-ligand docking experiments and more informative virtual screening. I present the conceptual framework that drives the collection of these high-throughput data, summarize the utility and potential of mining these data in drug discovery, outline a few inherent limitations in data and software mining these data, point out news ways to refine analysis of these diverse types of data, and highlight commonly used software and databases relevant to drug discovery.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xuhua Xia
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Ontario K1N 6N5, Canada
- Ottawa Institute of Systems Biology, Ottawa K1H 8M5, Canada
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