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Wang Q, Gao H, Fu Y, Chen Y, Song G, Jin Z, Zhang Y, Yin J, Yin Y, Xu K. Comprehensive characterization of the differences in metabolites, lipids, and volatile flavor compounds between Ningxiang and Berkshire pigs using multi-omics techniques. Food Chem 2024; 457:139807. [PMID: 38964207 DOI: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2024.139807] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/22/2023] [Revised: 03/25/2024] [Accepted: 05/21/2024] [Indexed: 07/06/2024]
Abstract
This study was conducted to comprehensively characterize, metabolites, lipids, and volatile flavor compounds of NingXiang (NX) pigs, Berkshire (BKS) pigs, and their crossbred (Berkshire × Ningxiang, BN) pigs using multi-omics technique. The results showed that NX had high intramuscular fat (IMF) content and meat redness. The metabolite and lipid compositions were varied greatly among three pig breeds. The NX pigs exhibited distinctive sweet, fruity, and floral aroma while BN pigs have inherited this flavor profile. 2-pentylfuran, pentanal, 2-(E)-octenal, and acetic acid were the key volatile flavor compounds (VOC) of NX and BKS pork. The VOCs were influenced by the composition and content of metabolites and lipids. The NX pigs have excellent meat quality traits, unique flavor profiles, and high degree of genetic stability regarding flavor. The study deepens our understanding of the flavor of Chinese indigenous pigs, providing theoretical basis to understand the meat flavor regulation under different feeding conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qian Wang
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha 410128, PR China; Key Laboratory of Agroecological Processes in Subtropical Region, Institute of Subtropical Agriculture, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changsha 410125, China
| | - Hu Gao
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha 410128, PR China; Key Laboratory of Agroecological Processes in Subtropical Region, Institute of Subtropical Agriculture, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changsha 410125, China; Guangdong Laboratory for Lingnan Modern Agriculture, Guangzhou 510642, China
| | - Yawei Fu
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha 410128, PR China; Key Laboratory of Agroecological Processes in Subtropical Region, Institute of Subtropical Agriculture, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changsha 410125, China; Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory of the Traditional Chinese Medicine Agricultural Biogenomics, Changsha Medical University, Hunan, Changsha 410219, China
| | - Yue Chen
- Key Laboratory of Agroecological Processes in Subtropical Region, Institute of Subtropical Agriculture, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changsha 410125, China; Guangdong Laboratory for Lingnan Modern Agriculture, Guangzhou 510642, China; Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory of the Traditional Chinese Medicine Agricultural Biogenomics, Changsha Medical University, Hunan, Changsha 410219, China
| | - Gang Song
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha 410128, PR China; Guangdong Laboratory for Lingnan Modern Agriculture, Guangzhou 510642, China
| | - Zhao Jin
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha 410128, PR China; Guangdong Laboratory for Lingnan Modern Agriculture, Guangzhou 510642, China
| | - Yuebo Zhang
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha 410128, PR China
| | - Jie Yin
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha 410128, PR China
| | - Yulong Yin
- Key Laboratory of Agroecological Processes in Subtropical Region, Institute of Subtropical Agriculture, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changsha 410125, China; Guangdong Laboratory for Lingnan Modern Agriculture, Guangzhou 510642, China.
| | - Kang Xu
- Key Laboratory of Agroecological Processes in Subtropical Region, Institute of Subtropical Agriculture, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changsha 410125, China; Guangdong Laboratory for Lingnan Modern Agriculture, Guangzhou 510642, China; Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory of the Traditional Chinese Medicine Agricultural Biogenomics, Changsha Medical University, Hunan, Changsha 410219, China.
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Yi L, Li Q, Zhu J, Cheng W, Xie Y, Huang Y, Zhao H, Hao M, Wei H, Zhao S. Single-nucleus RNA sequencing and lipidomics reveal characteristics of transcriptional and lipid composition in porcine longissimus dorsi muscle. BMC Genomics 2024; 25:622. [PMID: 38902599 PMCID: PMC11188186 DOI: 10.1186/s12864-024-10488-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/27/2024] [Accepted: 06/03/2024] [Indexed: 06/22/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Global per capita meat consumption continues to rise, especially pork. Meat quality is influenced by the content of intramuscular fat (IMF) as a key factor. The longissimus dorsi muscle of Dahe pigs (DHM, IMF: 7.98% ± 1.96%) and Dahe black pigs (DHBM, IMF: 3.30% ± 0.64%) was studied to explore cellular heterogeneity and differentially expressed genes (DEGs) associated with IMF deposition using single-nucleus RNA sequencing (snRNA-seq). The lipid composition was then analyzed using non-targeted lipidomics. RESULTS A total of seven cell subpopulations were identified, including myocytes, fibroblast/fibro/adipogenic progenitors (FAPs), satellite cells, endothelial cells, macrophages, pericytes, and adipocytes. Among them, FAPs and adipocytes were more focused because they could be associated with lipid deposition. 1623 DEGs in the FAPs subpopulation of DHBM were up-regulated compared with DHM, while 1535 were down-regulated. These DEGs enriched in the glycolysis/gluconeogenesis pathway. 109 DEGs were up-regulated and 806 were down-regulated in the adipocyte subpopulation of DHBM compared with DHM, which were mainly enriched in the PPAR signaling pathway and fatty acid (FA) biosynthesis. The expression level of PPARG, ABP4, LEP, and ACSL1 genes in DHM was higher than that in DHBM. Lipidomics reveals porcine lipid composition characteristics of muscle tissue. A total of 41 lipid classes and 2699 lipid species were identified in DHM and DHBM groups. The top ten relative peak areas of lipid classes in DHM and DHBM were triglyceride (TG), phosphatidylcholine (PC), phosphatidylethanolamine (PE), phosphatidylserine (PS), diglyceride (DG), cardiolipin (CL), ceramides (Cer), Simple Glc series (Hex1Cer), sphingomyelin (phSM), and phosphatidylinositol (PI). The relative peak areas of 35 lipid species in DHM were lower than DHBM, and 28 lipid species that were higher. There was a significant increase in the TG fatty acyl chains C6:0, C17:0, and C11:4, and a significant decrease in C16:0, C18:1, C18:2, and C22:4 in DHBM (p < 0.05). CONCLUSIONS C16:0 FA may downregulate the expression level of PPARG gene, which leads to the downregulation of fat metabolism-related genes such as ACSL, PLIN2, and FABP4 in DHBM compared with DHM. This may be the reason that the lipid deposition ability of Dahe pigs is stronger than that of Dahe black pigs, which need further investigation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lanlan Yi
- Yunnan Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition and Feed Science, Yunnan Agricultural University, Kunming, 650201, Yunnan, China
| | - Qiuyan Li
- Yunnan Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition and Feed Science, Yunnan Agricultural University, Kunming, 650201, Yunnan, China
| | - Junhong Zhu
- Yunnan Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition and Feed Science, Yunnan Agricultural University, Kunming, 650201, Yunnan, China
| | - Wenjie Cheng
- Yunnan Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition and Feed Science, Yunnan Agricultural University, Kunming, 650201, Yunnan, China
| | - Yuxiao Xie
- College of Biology and Agriculture (College of Food Science and Technology), Zunyi Normal College, Zunyi, 563006, China
| | - Ying Huang
- Yunnan Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition and Feed Science, Yunnan Agricultural University, Kunming, 650201, Yunnan, China
| | - Hongye Zhao
- Yunnan Province Key Laboratory for Porcine Gene Editing and Xenotransplantation, Yunnan Agricultural University, Kunming, 650201, China
| | - Meilin Hao
- College of Biology and Agriculture (College of Food Science and Technology), Zunyi Normal College, Zunyi, 563006, China
| | - Hongjiang Wei
- Yunnan Province Key Laboratory for Porcine Gene Editing and Xenotransplantation, Yunnan Agricultural University, Kunming, 650201, China.
| | - Sumei Zhao
- Yunnan Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition and Feed Science, Yunnan Agricultural University, Kunming, 650201, Yunnan, China.
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3
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Liu S, Du M, Sun J, Tu Y, Gu X, Cai P, Lu Z, Wang Y, Shan T. Bacillus subtilis and Enterococcus faecium co-fermented feed alters antioxidant capacity, muscle fibre characteristics and lipid profiles of finishing pigs. Br J Nutr 2024; 131:1298-1307. [PMID: 38098370 DOI: 10.1017/s000711452300291x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/09/2024]
Abstract
This study aimed to assess how Bacillus subtilis and Enterococcus faecium co-fermented feed (FF) affects the antioxidant capacity, muscle fibre types and muscle lipid profiles of finishing pigs. In this study, a total of 144 Duroc × Berkshire × Jiaxing Black finishing pigs were randomly assigned into three groups with four replicates (twelve pigs per replication). The three treatments were a basal diet (0 % FF), basal diet + 5 % FF and basal diet + 10 % FF, respectively. The experiment lasted 38 d after 4 d of acclimation. The study revealed that 10 % FF significantly increased the activity of superoxide dismutase (SOD) and catalase (CAT) compared with 0 % FF group, with mRNA levels of up-regulated antioxidant-related genes (GPX1, SOD1, SOD2 and CAT) in 10 % FF group. 10 % FF also significantly up-regulated the percentage of slow-twitch fibre and the mRNA expression of MyHC I, MyHC IIa and MyHC IIx, and slow MyHC protein expression while reducing MyHC IIb mRNA expression. Lipidomics analysis showed that 5 % FF and 10 % FF altered lipid profiles in longissimus thoracis. 10 % FF particularly led to an increase in the percentage of TAG. The Pearson correlation analysis indicated that certain molecular markers such as phosphatidic acid (PA) (49:4), Hex2Cer (d50:6), cardiolipin (CL) (72:8) and phosphatidylcholine (PC) (33:0e) could be used to indicate the characteristics of muscle fibres and were closely related to meat quality. Together, our findings suggest that 10 % FF improved antioxidant capacity, enhanced slow-twitch fibre percentage and altered muscle lipid profiles in finishing pigs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shiqi Liu
- College of Animal Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, People's Republic of China
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Animal Nutrition (Zhejiang University), Ministry of Education, Hangzhou, People's Republic of China
- Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition and Feed Science (Eastern of China), Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Hangzhou, People's Republic of China
- Key Laboratory of Animal Feed and Nutrition of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Man Du
- College of Animal Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, People's Republic of China
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Animal Nutrition (Zhejiang University), Ministry of Education, Hangzhou, People's Republic of China
- Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition and Feed Science (Eastern of China), Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Hangzhou, People's Republic of China
- Key Laboratory of Animal Feed and Nutrition of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Jiabao Sun
- College of Animal Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Yuang Tu
- College of Animal Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, People's Republic of China
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Animal Nutrition (Zhejiang University), Ministry of Education, Hangzhou, People's Republic of China
- Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition and Feed Science (Eastern of China), Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Hangzhou, People's Republic of China
- Key Laboratory of Animal Feed and Nutrition of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Xin Gu
- College of Animal Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, People's Republic of China
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Animal Nutrition (Zhejiang University), Ministry of Education, Hangzhou, People's Republic of China
- Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition and Feed Science (Eastern of China), Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Hangzhou, People's Republic of China
- Key Laboratory of Animal Feed and Nutrition of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Peiran Cai
- College of Animal Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, People's Republic of China
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Animal Nutrition (Zhejiang University), Ministry of Education, Hangzhou, People's Republic of China
- Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition and Feed Science (Eastern of China), Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Hangzhou, People's Republic of China
- Key Laboratory of Animal Feed and Nutrition of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Zeqing Lu
- College of Animal Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, People's Republic of China
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Animal Nutrition (Zhejiang University), Ministry of Education, Hangzhou, People's Republic of China
- Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition and Feed Science (Eastern of China), Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Hangzhou, People's Republic of China
- Key Laboratory of Animal Feed and Nutrition of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Yizhen Wang
- College of Animal Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, People's Republic of China
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Animal Nutrition (Zhejiang University), Ministry of Education, Hangzhou, People's Republic of China
- Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition and Feed Science (Eastern of China), Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Hangzhou, People's Republic of China
- Key Laboratory of Animal Feed and Nutrition of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Tizhong Shan
- College of Animal Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, People's Republic of China
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Animal Nutrition (Zhejiang University), Ministry of Education, Hangzhou, People's Republic of China
- Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition and Feed Science (Eastern of China), Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Hangzhou, People's Republic of China
- Key Laboratory of Animal Feed and Nutrition of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou, People's Republic of China
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Zhai X, Dang L, Wang S, Li W, Sun C. Effects of Succinate on Growth Performance, Meat Quality and Lipid Synthesis in Bama Miniature Pigs. Animals (Basel) 2024; 14:999. [PMID: 38612238 PMCID: PMC11011074 DOI: 10.3390/ani14070999] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/08/2024] [Revised: 03/15/2024] [Accepted: 03/22/2024] [Indexed: 04/14/2024] Open
Abstract
Succinate, one of the intermediates of the tricarboxylic acid cycle, is now recognized to play a role in a broad range of physiological and pathophysiological settings, but its role in adipogenesis is unclear. Our study used Bama miniature pigs as a model to explore the effects of succinate on performance, meat quality, and fat formation. The results showed that adding 1% succinate significantly increased the average daily gain, feed/gain ratio, eye muscle area, and body fat content (p < 0.05), but had no effect on feed intake. Further meat quality analysis showed that succinate increased the marbling score and intramuscular fat content of longissimus dorsi muscle (LM), while decreasing the shear force and the cross-sectional area of LM (p < 0.05). Metabolomics analysis of LM revealed that succinate reshaped levels of fatty acids, triglycerides, glycerophospholipids, and sphingolipids in LM. Succinate promotes adipogenic differentiation in porcine primary preadipocytes. Finally, dietary succinate supplementation increased succinylation modification rather than acetylation modification in the adipose tissue pool. This study elucidated the effects of succinate on the growth and meat quality of pigs and its mechanism of action and provided a reference for the role of succinate in the nutrition and metabolism of pigs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiangyun Zhai
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Northwest A&F University, Yangling 712100, China; (X.Z.); (L.D.); (S.W.)
| | - Liping Dang
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Northwest A&F University, Yangling 712100, China; (X.Z.); (L.D.); (S.W.)
| | - Shiyu Wang
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Northwest A&F University, Yangling 712100, China; (X.Z.); (L.D.); (S.W.)
| | - Wenyuan Li
- Agriculture and Rural Bureau of Yuanyang County, Xinxiang 453000, China;
| | - Chao Sun
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Northwest A&F University, Yangling 712100, China; (X.Z.); (L.D.); (S.W.)
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Fu L, Shi J, Meng Q, Tang Z, Liu T, Zhang Q, Cheng S. Verification of Key Target Molecules for Intramuscular Fat Deposition and Screening of SNP Sites in Sheep from Small-Tail Han Sheep Breed and Its Cross with Suffolk. Int J Mol Sci 2024; 25:2951. [PMID: 38474200 DOI: 10.3390/ijms25052951] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/11/2023] [Revised: 02/15/2024] [Accepted: 02/21/2024] [Indexed: 03/14/2024] Open
Abstract
Intramuscular fat (IMF) is vital for meat tenderness and juiciness. This study aims to explore the IMF deposition mechanism and the related molecular markers in sheep. Two populations, Small-tail Han Sheep (STH) and STH × Suffolk (SFK) F1 (SFK × STH), were used as the research object. Histological staining techniques compared the differences in the longissimus dorsi muscle among populations. A combination of transcriptome sequencing and biological information analysis screened and identified IMF-related target genes. Further, sequencing technology was employed to detect SNP loci of target genes to evaluate their potential as genetic markers. Histological staining revealed that the muscle fiber gap in the SFK × STH F1 was larger and the IMF content was higher. Transcriptome analysis revealed that PIK3R1 and PPARA were candidate genes. Histological experiments revealed that the expressions of PIK3R1 mRNA and PPARA mRNA were lower in SFK × STH F1 compared with the STH. Meanwhile, PIK3R1 and PPARA proteins were located in intramuscular adipocytes and co-located with the lipid metabolism marker molecule (FASN). SNP locus analysis revealed a mutation site in exon 7 of the PIK3R1 gene, which served as a potential genetic marker for IMF deposition. This study's findings will provide a new direction for meat quality breeding in sheep.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lingjuan Fu
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Gansu Agricultural University, Lanzhou 730070, China
| | - Jinping Shi
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Gansu Agricultural University, Lanzhou 730070, China
| | - Quanlu Meng
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Gansu Agricultural University, Lanzhou 730070, China
| | - Zhixiong Tang
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Gansu Agricultural University, Lanzhou 730070, China
| | - Ting Liu
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Gansu Agricultural University, Lanzhou 730070, China
| | - Quanwei Zhang
- College of Life Science and Technology, Gansu Agricultural University, Lanzhou 730070, China
| | - Shuru Cheng
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Gansu Agricultural University, Lanzhou 730070, China
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Li Q, Hao M, Zhu J, Yi L, Cheng W, Xie Y, Zhao S. Comparison of differentially expressed genes in longissimus dorsi muscle of Diannan small ears, Wujin and landrace pigs using RNA-seq. Front Vet Sci 2024; 10:1296208. [PMID: 38249550 PMCID: PMC10796741 DOI: 10.3389/fvets.2023.1296208] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/18/2023] [Accepted: 12/05/2023] [Indexed: 01/23/2024] Open
Abstract
Introduction Pig growth is an important economic trait that involves the co-regulation of multiple genes and related signaling pathways. High-throughput sequencing has become a powerful technology for establishing the transcriptome profiles and can be used to screen genome-wide differentially expressed genes (DEGs). In order to elucidate the molecular mechanism underlying muscle growth, this study adopted RNA sequencing (RNA-seq) to identify and compare DEGs at the genetic level in the longissimus dorsi muscle (LDM) between two indigenous Chinese pig breeds (Diannan small ears [DSE] pig and Wujin pig [WJ]) and one introduced pig breed (Landrace pig [LP]). Methods Animals under study were from two Chinese indigenous pig breeds (DSE pig, n = 3; WJ pig, n = 3) and one introduced pig breed (LP, n = 3) were used for RNA sequencing (RNA-seq) to identify and compare the expression levels of DEGs in the LDM. Then, functional annotation, Gene Ontology (GO) enrichment analysis, Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) pathway enrichment analysis, and Protein-Protein Interaction (PPI) network analysis were performed on these DEGs. Then, functional annotation, Gene Ontology (GO) enrichment analysis, Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) pathway enrichment analysis, and Protein-Protein Interaction (PPI) network analysis were performed on these DEGs. Results The results revealed that for the DSE, WJ, and LP libraries, more than 66, 65, and 71 million clean reads were generated by transcriptome sequencing, respectively. A total of 11,213 genes were identified in the LDM tissue of these pig breeds, of which 7,127 were co-expressed in the muscle tissue of the three samples. In total, 441 and 339 DEGs were identified between DSE vs. WJ and LP vs. DSE in the study, with 254, 193 up-regulated genes and 187, 193 down-regulated genes in DSE compared to WJ and LP. GO analysis and KEGG signaling pathway analysis showed that DEGs are significantly related to contractile fiber, sarcolemma, and dystrophin-associated glycoprotein complex, myofibril, sarcolemma, and myosin II complex, Glycolysis/Gluconeogenesis, Propanoate metabolism, and Pyruvate metabolism, etc. In combination with functional annotation of DEGs, key genes such as ENO3 and JUN were identified by PPI network analysis. Discussion In conclusion, the present study revealed key genes including DES, FLNC, PSMD1, PSMD6, PSME4, PSMB4, RPL11, RPL13A, ROS23, RPS29, MYH1, MYL9, MYL12B, TPM1, TPM4, ENO3, PGK1, PKM2, GPI, and the unannotated new gene ENSSSCG00000020769 and related signaling pathways that influence the difference in muscle growth and could provide a theoretical basis for improving pig muscle growth traits in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qiuyan Li
- Faculty of Animal Science and Technology, Yunnan Agricultural University, Kunming, China
| | - Meilin Hao
- College of Biology and Agriculture, Zunyi Normal University, Zunyi, China
| | - Junhong Zhu
- Faculty of Animal Science and Technology, Yunnan Agricultural University, Kunming, China
| | - Lanlan Yi
- Faculty of Animal Science and Technology, Yunnan Agricultural University, Kunming, China
| | - Wenjie Cheng
- Faculty of Animal Science and Technology, Yunnan Agricultural University, Kunming, China
| | - Yuxiao Xie
- Faculty of Animal Science and Technology, Yunnan Agricultural University, Kunming, China
- College of Biology and Agriculture, Zunyi Normal University, Zunyi, China
| | - Sumei Zhao
- Faculty of Animal Science and Technology, Yunnan Agricultural University, Kunming, China
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Qubi W, Zheng J, Wang Y, Xu G, Li Y, Xiong Y, Wang Y, Liu W, Lin Y. Goat miR-92a-3p Targets APOL6 Gene to Regulate the Differentiation of Intramuscular Precursor Adipocytes. Genes (Basel) 2023; 15:57. [PMID: 38254947 PMCID: PMC10815674 DOI: 10.3390/genes15010057] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/09/2023] [Revised: 12/23/2023] [Accepted: 12/26/2023] [Indexed: 01/24/2024] Open
Abstract
The quality of lamb meat is positively correlated with intramuscular fat content. In recent years, a large number of studies have shown that miRNAs play an important role in the proliferation and differentiation of adipocytes. In this study, we aimed to explore the effect of miR-92a-3p on the differentiation of goat intramuscular preadipocytes. The results showed that the expression level of miR-92a-3p was low in the early stage of differentiation, reached the highest level on the third day of differentiation, and then decreased. And miR-92a-3p can inhibit the accumulation of lipid droplets and down-regulate the determinants of adipogenic differentiation. Mechanistically, by predicting target genes, we found that miR-92a-3p affects the differentiation of goat intramuscular preadipocytes and the accumulation of lipid droplets by regulating the expression of goat gene APOL6. This study provides important new information to better understand the relationship between miRNAs and the differentiation of goat intramuscular preadipocytes, thus providing a new reference for goat intramuscular adipogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wuqie Qubi
- Key Laboratory of Qinghai-Tibetan Plateau Animal Genetic Resource Reservation and Utilization of Education Ministry, Southwest Minzu University, Chengdu 610041, China; (W.Q.); (J.Z.); (Y.W.); (Y.L.); (Y.X.); (Y.W.); (W.L.)
- Key Laboratory of Qinghai-Tibetan Plateau Animal Genetic Resource Reservation and Exploitation of Sichuan Province, Southwest Minzu University, Chengdu 610041, China
- College of Animal & Veterinary Science, Southwest Minzu University, Chengdu 610041, China
| | - Jianying Zheng
- Key Laboratory of Qinghai-Tibetan Plateau Animal Genetic Resource Reservation and Utilization of Education Ministry, Southwest Minzu University, Chengdu 610041, China; (W.Q.); (J.Z.); (Y.W.); (Y.L.); (Y.X.); (Y.W.); (W.L.)
- Key Laboratory of Qinghai-Tibetan Plateau Animal Genetic Resource Reservation and Exploitation of Sichuan Province, Southwest Minzu University, Chengdu 610041, China
- College of Animal & Veterinary Science, Southwest Minzu University, Chengdu 610041, China
| | - Youli Wang
- Key Laboratory of Qinghai-Tibetan Plateau Animal Genetic Resource Reservation and Utilization of Education Ministry, Southwest Minzu University, Chengdu 610041, China; (W.Q.); (J.Z.); (Y.W.); (Y.L.); (Y.X.); (Y.W.); (W.L.)
- Key Laboratory of Qinghai-Tibetan Plateau Animal Genetic Resource Reservation and Exploitation of Sichuan Province, Southwest Minzu University, Chengdu 610041, China
- College of Animal & Veterinary Science, Southwest Minzu University, Chengdu 610041, China
| | - Guishan Xu
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Tarim University, Alar 843301, China;
| | - Yanyan Li
- Key Laboratory of Qinghai-Tibetan Plateau Animal Genetic Resource Reservation and Utilization of Education Ministry, Southwest Minzu University, Chengdu 610041, China; (W.Q.); (J.Z.); (Y.W.); (Y.L.); (Y.X.); (Y.W.); (W.L.)
- Key Laboratory of Qinghai-Tibetan Plateau Animal Genetic Resource Reservation and Exploitation of Sichuan Province, Southwest Minzu University, Chengdu 610041, China
- College of Animal & Veterinary Science, Southwest Minzu University, Chengdu 610041, China
| | - Yan Xiong
- Key Laboratory of Qinghai-Tibetan Plateau Animal Genetic Resource Reservation and Utilization of Education Ministry, Southwest Minzu University, Chengdu 610041, China; (W.Q.); (J.Z.); (Y.W.); (Y.L.); (Y.X.); (Y.W.); (W.L.)
- Key Laboratory of Qinghai-Tibetan Plateau Animal Genetic Resource Reservation and Exploitation of Sichuan Province, Southwest Minzu University, Chengdu 610041, China
- College of Animal & Veterinary Science, Southwest Minzu University, Chengdu 610041, China
| | - Yong Wang
- Key Laboratory of Qinghai-Tibetan Plateau Animal Genetic Resource Reservation and Utilization of Education Ministry, Southwest Minzu University, Chengdu 610041, China; (W.Q.); (J.Z.); (Y.W.); (Y.L.); (Y.X.); (Y.W.); (W.L.)
- Key Laboratory of Qinghai-Tibetan Plateau Animal Genetic Resource Reservation and Exploitation of Sichuan Province, Southwest Minzu University, Chengdu 610041, China
- College of Animal & Veterinary Science, Southwest Minzu University, Chengdu 610041, China
| | - Wei Liu
- Key Laboratory of Qinghai-Tibetan Plateau Animal Genetic Resource Reservation and Utilization of Education Ministry, Southwest Minzu University, Chengdu 610041, China; (W.Q.); (J.Z.); (Y.W.); (Y.L.); (Y.X.); (Y.W.); (W.L.)
- College of Animal & Veterinary Science, Southwest Minzu University, Chengdu 610041, China
| | - Yaqiu Lin
- Key Laboratory of Qinghai-Tibetan Plateau Animal Genetic Resource Reservation and Utilization of Education Ministry, Southwest Minzu University, Chengdu 610041, China; (W.Q.); (J.Z.); (Y.W.); (Y.L.); (Y.X.); (Y.W.); (W.L.)
- Key Laboratory of Qinghai-Tibetan Plateau Animal Genetic Resource Reservation and Exploitation of Sichuan Province, Southwest Minzu University, Chengdu 610041, China
- College of Animal & Veterinary Science, Southwest Minzu University, Chengdu 610041, China
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Yang S, Zhang X, Li X, Zheng J, Zhao L, Fan C, Zhao Y. Integrated Metabolomics and Transcriptomics Analyses Reveal the Candidate Genes Regulating the Meat Quality Change by Castration in Yudong Black Goats ( Capra hircus). Genes (Basel) 2023; 15:43. [PMID: 38254933 PMCID: PMC10815812 DOI: 10.3390/genes15010043] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/29/2023] [Revised: 12/21/2023] [Accepted: 12/25/2023] [Indexed: 01/24/2024] Open
Abstract
Yudong black goats (YDGs) are a local breed in southwest China that possess unique meat qualities and produce a high meat yield, making them ideal models for studying goat meat quality. Castration may decrease off-odors, significantly change metabolites and improve meat quality. Using multi-omics techniques, this study focused on Yudong black goat wethers (YDW, n = 4) and Yudong black bucks (YDB, n = 4). The findings revealed that 33 differentially expressed genes (DEGs) and 279 significantly changed metabolites (SCMs) influenced goat meat quality by affecting fat accumulation and lipolysis regulatory processes. Herein, several candidate genes (IGF1, TNNT2, PPP2R2C, MAPK10 and VNN1, etc.) were identified that play a role in regulating meat quality, non-castrated and castrated, alongside a series of metabolites that may serve as potential meat quality biomarkers. Lipids (triglycerides, oxidized lipids_5-iso PGF2VI, ceramide (t18:1/36:2(2OH)) and Carnitine C20:5, etc.) were significantly higher in the castrated goats. These results revealed that lipids and hydrophilic metabolites were affected by castration, which might be beneficial in terms of goat meat quality. This study aimed to investigate the differences in meat quality between uncastrated and castrated male goats and the possible molecular regulatory mechanisms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Songjian Yang
- Chongqing Key Laboratory of Forage & Herbivore, Chongqing 400715, China; (S.Y.); (X.Z.); (X.L.); (J.Z.); (L.Z.); (C.F.)
- Chongqing Key Laboratory of Herbivore Science, Chongqing 400715, China
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, China
| | - Xinyue Zhang
- Chongqing Key Laboratory of Forage & Herbivore, Chongqing 400715, China; (S.Y.); (X.Z.); (X.L.); (J.Z.); (L.Z.); (C.F.)
- Chongqing Key Laboratory of Herbivore Science, Chongqing 400715, China
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, China
| | - Xingchun Li
- Chongqing Key Laboratory of Forage & Herbivore, Chongqing 400715, China; (S.Y.); (X.Z.); (X.L.); (J.Z.); (L.Z.); (C.F.)
- Chongqing Key Laboratory of Herbivore Science, Chongqing 400715, China
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, China
| | - Jikang Zheng
- Chongqing Key Laboratory of Forage & Herbivore, Chongqing 400715, China; (S.Y.); (X.Z.); (X.L.); (J.Z.); (L.Z.); (C.F.)
- Chongqing Key Laboratory of Herbivore Science, Chongqing 400715, China
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, China
| | - Le Zhao
- Chongqing Key Laboratory of Forage & Herbivore, Chongqing 400715, China; (S.Y.); (X.Z.); (X.L.); (J.Z.); (L.Z.); (C.F.)
- Chongqing Key Laboratory of Herbivore Science, Chongqing 400715, China
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, China
| | - Chengli Fan
- Chongqing Key Laboratory of Forage & Herbivore, Chongqing 400715, China; (S.Y.); (X.Z.); (X.L.); (J.Z.); (L.Z.); (C.F.)
- Chongqing Key Laboratory of Herbivore Science, Chongqing 400715, China
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, China
| | - Yongju Zhao
- Chongqing Key Laboratory of Forage & Herbivore, Chongqing 400715, China; (S.Y.); (X.Z.); (X.L.); (J.Z.); (L.Z.); (C.F.)
- Chongqing Key Laboratory of Herbivore Science, Chongqing 400715, China
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, China
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9
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Cai Y, Zhang S, Chen L, Fu Y. Integrated multi-omics and machine learning approach reveals lipid metabolic biomarkers and signaling in age-related meibomian gland dysfunction. Comput Struct Biotechnol J 2023; 21:4215-4227. [PMID: 37675286 PMCID: PMC10480060 DOI: 10.1016/j.csbj.2023.08.026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/11/2023] [Revised: 08/26/2023] [Accepted: 08/26/2023] [Indexed: 09/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Meibomian gland dysfunction (MGD) is a prevalent inflammatory disorder of the ocular surface that significantly impacts patients' vision and quality of life. The underlying mechanism of aging and MGD remains largely uncharacterized. The aim of this work is to investigate lipid metabolic alterations in age-related MGD (ARMGD) through integrated proteomics, lipidomics and machine learning (ML) approach. For this purpose, we collected samples of female mouse meibomian glands (MGs) dissected from eyelids at age two months (n = 9) and two years (n = 9) for proteomic and lipidomic profilings using the liquid chromatography with tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS) method. To further identify ARMGD-related lipid biomarkers, ML model was established using the least absolute shrinkage and selection operator (LASSO) algorithm. For proteomic profiling, 375 differentially expressed proteins were detected. Functional analyses indicated the leading role of cholesterol biosynthesis in the aging process of MGs. Several proteins were proposed as potential biomarkers, including lanosterol synthase (Lss), 24-dehydrocholesterol reductase (Dhcr24), and farnesyl diphosphate farnesyl transferase 1 (Fdft1). Concomitantly, lipidomic analysis unveiled 47 lipid species that were differentially expressed and clustered into four classes. The most notable age-related alterations involved a decline in cholesteryl esters (ChE) levels and an increase in triradylglycerols (TG) levels, accompanied by significant differences in their lipid unsaturation patterns. Through ML construction, it was confirmed that ChE(26:0), ChE(26:1), and ChE(30:1) represent the most promising diagnostic molecules. The present study identified essential proteins, lipids, and signaling pathways in age-related MGD (ARMGD), providing a reference landscape to facilitate novel strategies for the disease transformation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuchen Cai
- Department of Ophthalmology, Shanghai Ninth People’s Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Orbital Diseases and Ocular Oncology, Shanghai, China
| | - Siyi Zhang
- Department of Ophthalmology, Shanghai Ninth People’s Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Orbital Diseases and Ocular Oncology, Shanghai, China
| | - Liangbo Chen
- Department of Ophthalmology, Shanghai Ninth People’s Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Orbital Diseases and Ocular Oncology, Shanghai, China
| | - Yao Fu
- Department of Ophthalmology, Shanghai Ninth People’s Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Orbital Diseases and Ocular Oncology, Shanghai, China
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10
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Wang L, Zhao X, Liu S, You W, Huang Y, Zhou Y, Chen W, Zhang S, Wang J, Zheng Q, Wang Y, Shan T. Single-nucleus and bulk RNA sequencing reveal cellular and transcriptional mechanisms underlying lipid dynamics in high marbled pork. NPJ Sci Food 2023; 7:23. [PMID: 37268610 DOI: 10.1038/s41538-023-00203-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/05/2023] [Accepted: 05/24/2023] [Indexed: 06/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Pork is the most consumed meat in the world, and its quality is associated with human health. Intramuscular fat (IMF) deposition (also called marbling) is a key factor positively correlated with various quality traits and lipo-nutritional values of meat. However, the cell dynamics and transcriptional programs underlying lipid deposition in highly marbled meat are still unclear. Here, we used Laiwu pigs with high (HLW) or low (LLW) IMF contents to explore the cellular and transcriptional mechanisms underlying lipid deposition in highly-marbled pork by single-nucleus RNA sequencing (snRNA-seq) and bulk RNA sequencing. The HLW group had higher IMF contents but less drip loss than the LLW group. Lipidomics results revelled the changes of overall lipid classes composition (e.g., glycerolipids including triglycerides, diglycerides, and monoglycerides; sphingolipids including ceramides and monohexose ceramide significantly increased) between HLW and LLW groups. SnRNA-seq revealed nine distinct cell clusters, and the HLW group had a higher percentage of adipocytes (1.40% vs. 0.17%) than the LLW group. We identified 3 subpopulations of adipocytes, including PDE4D+/PDE7B+ (in HLW and LLW), DGAT2+/SCD+ (mostly in HLW) and FABP5+/SIAH1+ cells (mostly in HLW). Moreover, we showed that fibro/adipogenic progenitors could differentiate into IMF cells and contribute to 43.35% of adipocytes in mice. In addition, RNA-seq revealed different genes involved in lipid metabolism and fatty acid elongation. Our study provides new insights into the cellular and molecular signatures of marbling formation; such knowledge may facilitate the development of new strategies to increase IMF deposition and the lipo-nutritional quality of high marbled pork.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liyi Wang
- College of Animal Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Animal Nutrition (Zhejiang University), Ministry of Education, Hangzhou, China
- Key Laboratory of Animal Feed and Nutrition of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou, China
| | - Xueyan Zhao
- Institute of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Shandong Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Jinan, 250100, China
| | - Shiqi Liu
- College of Animal Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Animal Nutrition (Zhejiang University), Ministry of Education, Hangzhou, China
- Key Laboratory of Animal Feed and Nutrition of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou, China
| | - Wenjing You
- College of Animal Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Animal Nutrition (Zhejiang University), Ministry of Education, Hangzhou, China
- Key Laboratory of Animal Feed and Nutrition of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou, China
| | - Yuqin Huang
- College of Animal Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Animal Nutrition (Zhejiang University), Ministry of Education, Hangzhou, China
- Key Laboratory of Animal Feed and Nutrition of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou, China
| | - Yanbing Zhou
- College of Animal Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Animal Nutrition (Zhejiang University), Ministry of Education, Hangzhou, China
- Key Laboratory of Animal Feed and Nutrition of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou, China
| | - Wentao Chen
- College of Animal Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Animal Nutrition (Zhejiang University), Ministry of Education, Hangzhou, China
- Key Laboratory of Animal Feed and Nutrition of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou, China
| | - Shu Zhang
- College of Animal Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Animal Nutrition (Zhejiang University), Ministry of Education, Hangzhou, China
- Key Laboratory of Animal Feed and Nutrition of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou, China
| | - Jiying Wang
- Institute of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Shandong Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Jinan, 250100, China
| | | | - Yizhen Wang
- College of Animal Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Animal Nutrition (Zhejiang University), Ministry of Education, Hangzhou, China
- Key Laboratory of Animal Feed and Nutrition of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou, China
| | - Tizhong Shan
- College of Animal Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China.
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Animal Nutrition (Zhejiang University), Ministry of Education, Hangzhou, China.
- Key Laboratory of Animal Feed and Nutrition of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou, China.
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11
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Xiong L, Pei J, Bao P, Wang X, Guo S, Cao M, Kang Y, Yan P, Guo X. The Effect of the Feeding System on Fat Deposition in Yak Subcutaneous Fat. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:ijms24087381. [PMID: 37108542 PMCID: PMC10138426 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24087381] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/23/2023] [Revised: 04/06/2023] [Accepted: 04/11/2023] [Indexed: 04/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Fat deposition is very important to the growth and reproduction of yaks. In this study, the effect of the feeding system on fat deposition in yaks was explored by transcriptomics and lipidomics. The thickness of the subcutaneous fat in yaks under stall (SF) and graze feeding (GF) was evaluated. The transcriptomes and lipidomes of the subcutaneous fat in yaks under different feeding systems were detected by RNA-sequencing (RNA-Seq) and non-targeted lipidomics based on ultrahigh-phase liquid chromatography tandem mass spectrometry (UHPLC-MS), respectively. The differences in lipid metabolism were explored, and the function of differentially expressed genes (DEGs) was evaluated by gene ontology (GO) and Kyoto encyclopedia of genes and genome (KEGG) analysis. Compared with GF yaks, SF yaks possessed stronger fat deposition capacity. The abundance of 12 triglycerides (TGs), 3 phosphatidylethanolamines (PEs), 3 diglycerides (DGs), 2 sphingomyelins (SMs) and 1 phosphatidylcholine (PC) in the subcutaneous fat of SF and GF yaks was significantly different. Under the mediation of the cGMP-PKG signaling pathway, the blood volume of SF and GF yaks may be different, which resulted in the different concentrations of precursors for fat deposition, including non-esterified fatty acid (NEFA), glucose (GLU), TG and cholesterol (CH). The metabolism of C16:0, C16:1, C17:0, C18:0, C18:1, C18:2 and C18:3 in yak subcutaneous fat was mainly realized under the regulation of the INSIG1, ACACA, FASN, ELOVL6 and SCD genes, and TG synthesis was regulated by the AGPAT2 and DGAT2 genes. This study will provide a theoretical basis for yak genetic breeding and healthy feeding.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lin Xiong
- Animal Science Department, Lanzhou Institute of Husbandry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Lanzhou 730050, China
- Key Laboratory of Animal Genetics and Breeding on Tibetan Plateau, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Lanzhou 730050, China
- Key Laboratory for Yak Genetics, Breeding, and Reproduction Engineering of Gansu Province, Lanzhou 730050, China
| | - Jie Pei
- Animal Science Department, Lanzhou Institute of Husbandry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Lanzhou 730050, China
- Key Laboratory of Animal Genetics and Breeding on Tibetan Plateau, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Lanzhou 730050, China
- Key Laboratory for Yak Genetics, Breeding, and Reproduction Engineering of Gansu Province, Lanzhou 730050, China
| | - Pengjia Bao
- Animal Science Department, Lanzhou Institute of Husbandry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Lanzhou 730050, China
- Key Laboratory of Animal Genetics and Breeding on Tibetan Plateau, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Lanzhou 730050, China
- Key Laboratory for Yak Genetics, Breeding, and Reproduction Engineering of Gansu Province, Lanzhou 730050, China
| | - Xingdong Wang
- Animal Science Department, Lanzhou Institute of Husbandry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Lanzhou 730050, China
- Key Laboratory of Animal Genetics and Breeding on Tibetan Plateau, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Lanzhou 730050, China
- Key Laboratory for Yak Genetics, Breeding, and Reproduction Engineering of Gansu Province, Lanzhou 730050, China
| | - Shaoke Guo
- Animal Science Department, Lanzhou Institute of Husbandry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Lanzhou 730050, China
- Key Laboratory of Animal Genetics and Breeding on Tibetan Plateau, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Lanzhou 730050, China
- Key Laboratory for Yak Genetics, Breeding, and Reproduction Engineering of Gansu Province, Lanzhou 730050, China
| | - Mengli Cao
- Animal Science Department, Lanzhou Institute of Husbandry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Lanzhou 730050, China
- Key Laboratory of Animal Genetics and Breeding on Tibetan Plateau, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Lanzhou 730050, China
- Key Laboratory for Yak Genetics, Breeding, and Reproduction Engineering of Gansu Province, Lanzhou 730050, China
| | - Yandong Kang
- Animal Science Department, Lanzhou Institute of Husbandry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Lanzhou 730050, China
- Key Laboratory of Animal Genetics and Breeding on Tibetan Plateau, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Lanzhou 730050, China
- Key Laboratory for Yak Genetics, Breeding, and Reproduction Engineering of Gansu Province, Lanzhou 730050, China
| | - Ping Yan
- Animal Science Department, Lanzhou Institute of Husbandry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Lanzhou 730050, China
- Key Laboratory of Animal Genetics and Breeding on Tibetan Plateau, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Lanzhou 730050, China
- Key Laboratory for Yak Genetics, Breeding, and Reproduction Engineering of Gansu Province, Lanzhou 730050, China
| | - Xian Guo
- Animal Science Department, Lanzhou Institute of Husbandry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Lanzhou 730050, China
- Key Laboratory of Animal Genetics and Breeding on Tibetan Plateau, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Lanzhou 730050, China
- Key Laboratory for Yak Genetics, Breeding, and Reproduction Engineering of Gansu Province, Lanzhou 730050, China
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12
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Li J, Tang C, Yang Y, Hu Y, Zhao Q, Ma Q, Yue X, Li F, Zhang J. Characterization of meat quality traits, fatty acids and volatile compounds in Hu and Tan sheep. Front Nutr 2023; 10:1072159. [PMID: 36866058 PMCID: PMC9971989 DOI: 10.3389/fnut.2023.1072159] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/17/2022] [Accepted: 01/20/2023] [Indexed: 02/19/2023] Open
Abstract
Sheep breed has a major influence on characteristics of meat quality and intramuscular fat (IMF), however, studies into the relationship between sheep breed and meat quality traits rarely consider the large variation in IMF within breed. In this study, groups of 176 Hu and 76 Tan male sheep were established, weaned at 56 days old, with similar weights, and representative samples were selected based on the distribution of IMF in each population, to investigate variations in meat quality, IMF and volatile compound profiles between breeds. Significant differences were observed in drip loss, shear force, cooking loss, and color coordinates between Hu and Tan sheep (p < 0.01). The IMF content and the predominate unsaturated fatty acids, oleic and cis, cis-linoleic acids, were similar. Eighteen out of 53 volatile compounds were identified as important odor contributors. Of these 18 odor-active volatile compounds, no significant concentration differences were detected between breeds. In another 35 volatile compounds, γ-nonalactone was lower in Tan sheep relative to Hu sheep (p < 0.05). In summary, Tan sheep exhibited lower drip loss, higher shear force values, and redder color, had less saturated fatty acids, and contained less γ-nonalactone against Hu sheep. These findings improve understanding of aroma differences between Hu and Tan sheep meat. Graphical Abstract.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jing Li
- State Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition, Institute of Animal Sciences of Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, China,Scientific Observing and Experiment Station of Animal Genetic Resources and Nutrition in North China of Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Institute of Animal Sciences of Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Chaohua Tang
- State Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition, Institute of Animal Sciences of Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, China,Scientific Observing and Experiment Station of Animal Genetic Resources and Nutrition in North China of Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Institute of Animal Sciences of Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Youyou Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition, Institute of Animal Sciences of Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, China,Scientific Observing and Experiment Station of Animal Genetic Resources and Nutrition in North China of Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Institute of Animal Sciences of Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Ying Hu
- State Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition, Institute of Animal Sciences of Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, China,Scientific Observing and Experiment Station of Animal Genetic Resources and Nutrition in North China of Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Institute of Animal Sciences of Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Qingyu Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition, Institute of Animal Sciences of Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, China,Scientific Observing and Experiment Station of Animal Genetic Resources and Nutrition in North China of Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Institute of Animal Sciences of Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Qing Ma
- Institute of Animal Science, Ningxia Academy of Agricultural and Forestry Sciences, Yinchuan, China
| | - Xiangpeng Yue
- State Key Laboratory of Grassland Agro-ecosystems; Key Laboratory of Grassland Livestock Industry Innovation, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs; Engineering Research Center of Grassland Industry, Ministry of Education; College of Pastoral Agriculture Science and Technology, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, China
| | - Fadi Li
- State Key Laboratory of Grassland Agro-ecosystems; Key Laboratory of Grassland Livestock Industry Innovation, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs; Engineering Research Center of Grassland Industry, Ministry of Education; College of Pastoral Agriculture Science and Technology, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, China,Fadi Li, ✉
| | - Junmin Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition, Institute of Animal Sciences of Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, China,Scientific Observing and Experiment Station of Animal Genetic Resources and Nutrition in North China of Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Institute of Animal Sciences of Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, China,*Correspondence: Junmin Zhang, ✉
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13
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Tan X, He Y, He Y, Yan Z, Chen J, Zhao R, Sui X, Zhang L, Du X, Irwin DM, Zhang S, Li B. Comparative Proteomic Analysis of Glycolytic and Oxidative Muscle in Pigs. Genes (Basel) 2023; 14:genes14020361. [PMID: 36833290 PMCID: PMC9957308 DOI: 10.3390/genes14020361] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/18/2022] [Revised: 01/26/2023] [Accepted: 01/28/2023] [Indexed: 01/31/2023] Open
Abstract
The quality of meat is highly correlated with muscle fiber type. However, the mechanisms via which proteins regulate muscle fiber types in pigs are not entirely understood. In the current study, we have performed proteomic profiling of fast/glycolytic biceps femoris (BF) and slow/oxidative soleus (SOL) muscles and identified several candidate differential proteins among these. We performed proteomic analyses based on tandem mass tags (TMTs) and identified a total of 26,228 peptides corresponding to 2667 proteins among the BF and SOL muscle samples. Among these, we found 204 differentially expressed proteins (DEPs) between BF and SOL muscle, with 56 up-regulated and 148 down-regulated DEPs in SOL muscle samples. KEGG and GO enrichment analyses of the DEPs revealed that the DEPs are involved in some GO terms (e.g., actin cytoskeleton, myosin complex, and cytoskeletal parts) and signaling pathways (PI3K-Akt and NF-kappa B signaling pathways) that influence muscle fiber type. A regulatory network of protein-protein interaction (PPI) between these DEPs that regulates muscle fiber types was constructed, which demonstrates how three down-regulated DEPs, including PFKM, GAPDH, and PKM, interact with other proteins to potentially control the glycolytic process. This study offers a new understanding of the molecular mechanisms in glycolytic and oxidative muscles as well as a novel approach for enhancing meat quality by transforming the type of muscle fibers in pigs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaofan Tan
- College of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Shenyang Agricultural University, Shenyang 110866, China
| | - Yu He
- College of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Shenyang Agricultural University, Shenyang 110866, China
| | - Yuqiao He
- College of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Shenyang Agricultural University, Shenyang 110866, China
| | - Zhiwei Yan
- College of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Shenyang Agricultural University, Shenyang 110866, China
| | - Jing Chen
- College of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Shenyang Agricultural University, Shenyang 110866, China
| | - Ruixue Zhao
- College of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Shenyang Agricultural University, Shenyang 110866, China
| | - Xin Sui
- College of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Shenyang Agricultural University, Shenyang 110866, China
| | - Lei Zhang
- College of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Shenyang Agricultural University, Shenyang 110866, China
| | - Xuehai Du
- Liaoning Provincial Animal Husbandry Development Center, Liaoning Province Agricultural Development Service Center, Shenyang 110032, China
| | - David M. Irwin
- Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathobiology, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON M5S 1A8, Canada
| | - Shuyi Zhang
- College of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Shenyang Agricultural University, Shenyang 110866, China
| | - Bojiang Li
- College of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Shenyang Agricultural University, Shenyang 110866, China
- Correspondence:
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14
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Jia W, Di C, Shi L. Applications of lipidomics in goat meat products: Biomarkers, structure, nutrition interface and future perspectives. J Proteomics 2023; 270:104753. [PMID: 36241023 DOI: 10.1016/j.jprot.2022.104753] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 25.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/27/2022] [Revised: 10/05/2022] [Accepted: 10/05/2022] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
Goat meat, as a superior product including low lipids, low cholesterol contents and high-quality proteins, becomes the superior food for the national market. With the increasing demand for goat meat, the production, sensory quality and physicochemical properties of goat meat are also widely observed. Following significant discoveries on the mechanism determining goat meat quality, further research on complex and interactive factors leading to changes of goat meat quality is increasingly based on data-driven "omics" methods, such as lipidomics, which can rapidly identify and quantify >1000 lipid species at same time facilitating comprehensive analyses of lipids in tissues. Molecular mechanism and biomarkers indicating the changes of goat meat quality, authentication, meat analogue, nutrition and health by lipidomics are feasible. According to the analysis results of the classes and of different biomarkers lipids of goat meat quality, the main processes involved the biosynthesis of unsaturated fatty acids, associations with lipids and proteins, lipid oxidation, lipid hydrolysis, lipid degradation, lipid deposition and lipid denaturation, which have been translated into advanced technologies for identifying the goat meat adulteration and faux meat rapidly and accurately. SIGNIFICANCE: In this review, the research of lipidomics technology, past applications, recent findings and common on the recent advances of lipidomics in the quality assessment of mutton products by lipidomics with MS approaches have been summarized. The information reported in review can serve as a reference to characterize the lipids found in mutton, clarify the application of lipidomics to the field of mutton products and provide new perspectives in producing superior quality mutton products.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei Jia
- School of Food and Biological Engineering, Shaanxi University of Science & Technology, Xi'an 710021, China; Shaanxi Research Institute of Agricultural Products Processing Technology, Xi'an 710021, China.
| | - Chenna Di
- School of Food and Biological Engineering, Shaanxi University of Science & Technology, Xi'an 710021, China
| | - Lin Shi
- School of Food and Biological Engineering, Shaanxi University of Science & Technology, Xi'an 710021, China
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15
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Zhang W, Liu L, Zhou M, Su S, Dong L, Meng X, Li X, Wang C. Assessing Population Structure and Signatures of Selection in Wanbei Pigs Using Whole Genome Resequencing Data. Animals (Basel) 2022; 13:ani13010013. [PMID: 36611624 PMCID: PMC9817800 DOI: 10.3390/ani13010013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/14/2022] [Revised: 12/10/2022] [Accepted: 12/18/2022] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Wanbei pig (WBP) is one of the indigenous pig resources in China and has many germplasm characteristics. However, research on its genome is lacking. To assess the genomic variation, population structure, and selection signatures, we resequenced 18 WBP for the first time and performed a comprehensive analysis with resequenced data of 10 Asian wild boars. In total, 590.03 Gb of data and approximately 41 million variants were obtained. Polymorphism level (θπ) ratio and genetic differentiation (fixation index)-based cross approaches were applied, and 539 regions, which harbored 176 genes, were selected. Functional analysis of the selected genes revealed that they were associated with lipid metabolism (SCP2, APOA1, APOA4, APOC3, CD36, BCL6, ADCY8), backfat thickness (PLAG1, CACNA2D1), muscle (MYOG), and reproduction (CABS1). Overall, our results provide a valuable resource for characterizing the uniqueness of WBP and a basis for future breeding.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Pig Molecular Quantitative Genetics, Anhui Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Hefei 230031, China
- Anhui Provincial Key Laboratory of Livestock and Poultry Product Safety Engineering, Hefei 230031, China
- Institute of Animal Husbandry and Veterinary Medicine, Anhui Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Hefei 230031, China
| | - Linqing Liu
- Key Laboratory of Pig Molecular Quantitative Genetics, Anhui Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Hefei 230031, China
- Anhui Provincial Key Laboratory of Livestock and Poultry Product Safety Engineering, Hefei 230031, China
- Institute of Animal Husbandry and Veterinary Medicine, Anhui Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Hefei 230031, China
| | - Mei Zhou
- Key Laboratory of Pig Molecular Quantitative Genetics, Anhui Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Hefei 230031, China
- Anhui Provincial Key Laboratory of Livestock and Poultry Product Safety Engineering, Hefei 230031, China
- Institute of Animal Husbandry and Veterinary Medicine, Anhui Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Hefei 230031, China
| | - Shiguang Su
- Key Laboratory of Pig Molecular Quantitative Genetics, Anhui Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Hefei 230031, China
- Anhui Provincial Key Laboratory of Livestock and Poultry Product Safety Engineering, Hefei 230031, China
- Institute of Animal Husbandry and Veterinary Medicine, Anhui Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Hefei 230031, China
| | - Lin Dong
- Key Laboratory of Pig Molecular Quantitative Genetics, Anhui Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Hefei 230031, China
- Institute of Animal Husbandry and Veterinary Medicine, Anhui Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Hefei 230031, China
| | - Xinxin Meng
- Key Laboratory of Pig Molecular Quantitative Genetics, Anhui Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Hefei 230031, China
- Institute of Animal Husbandry and Veterinary Medicine, Anhui Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Hefei 230031, China
| | - Xueting Li
- Key Laboratory of Pig Molecular Quantitative Genetics, Anhui Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Hefei 230031, China
- Institute of Animal Husbandry and Veterinary Medicine, Anhui Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Hefei 230031, China
| | - Chonglong Wang
- Key Laboratory of Pig Molecular Quantitative Genetics, Anhui Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Hefei 230031, China
- Anhui Provincial Key Laboratory of Livestock and Poultry Product Safety Engineering, Hefei 230031, China
- Institute of Animal Husbandry and Veterinary Medicine, Anhui Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Hefei 230031, China
- Correspondence:
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16
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Ding Y, Hou Y, Ling Z, Chen Q, Xu T, Liu L, Yu N, Ni W, Ding X, Zhang X, Zheng X, Bao W, Yin Z. Identification of Candidate Genes and Regulatory Competitive Endogenous RNA (ceRNA) Networks Underlying Intramuscular Fat Content in Yorkshire Pigs with Extreme Fat Deposition Phenotypes. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms232012596. [PMID: 36293455 PMCID: PMC9603960 DOI: 10.3390/ijms232012596] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/15/2022] [Revised: 10/13/2022] [Accepted: 10/15/2022] [Indexed: 11/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Intramuscular fat (IMF) content is vital for pork quality, serving an important role in economic performance in pig industry. Non-coding RNAs, with mRNAs, are involved in IMF deposition; however, their functions and regulatory mechanisms in porcine IMF remain elusive. This study assessed the whole transcriptome expression profiles of the Longissimus dorsi muscle of pigs with high (H) and low (L) IMF content to identify genes implicated in porcine IMF adipogenesis and their regulatory functions. Hundreds of differentially expressed RNAs were found to be involved in fatty acid metabolic processes, lipid metabolism, and fat cell differentiation. Furthermore, combing co-differential expression analyses, we constructed competing endogenous RNAs (ceRNA) regulatory networks, showing crosstalk among 30 lncRNAs and 61 mRNAs through 20 miRNAs, five circRNAs and 11 mRNAs through four miRNAs, and potential IMF deposition-related ceRNA subnetworks. Functional lncRNAs and circRNAs (such as MSTRG.12440.1, ENSSSCT00000066779, novel_circ_011355, novel_circ_011355) were found to act as ceRNAs of important lipid metabolism-related mRNAs (LEP, IP6K1, FFAR4, CEBPA, etc.) by sponging functional miRNAs (such as ssc-miR-196a, ssc-miR-200b, ssc-miR10391, miR486-y). These findings provide potential regulators and molecular regulatory networks that can be utilized for research on IMF traits in pigs, which would aid in marker-assisted selection to improve pork quality.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yueyun Ding
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei 230036, China
- Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Local Livestock and Poultry Genetic Resource Conservation and Bio-Breeding, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei 230036, China
| | - Yinhui Hou
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei 230036, China
- Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Local Livestock and Poultry Genetic Resource Conservation and Bio-Breeding, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei 230036, China
| | - Zijing Ling
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei 230036, China
- Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Local Livestock and Poultry Genetic Resource Conservation and Bio-Breeding, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei 230036, China
| | - Qiong Chen
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei 230036, China
- Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Local Livestock and Poultry Genetic Resource Conservation and Bio-Breeding, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei 230036, China
| | - Tao Xu
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei 230036, China
- Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Local Livestock and Poultry Genetic Resource Conservation and Bio-Breeding, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei 230036, China
| | - Lifei Liu
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei 230036, China
- Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Local Livestock and Poultry Genetic Resource Conservation and Bio-Breeding, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei 230036, China
| | - Na Yu
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei 230036, China
- Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Local Livestock and Poultry Genetic Resource Conservation and Bio-Breeding, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei 230036, China
| | - Wenliang Ni
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei 230036, China
- Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Local Livestock and Poultry Genetic Resource Conservation and Bio-Breeding, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei 230036, China
| | - Xiaoling Ding
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei 230036, China
- Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Local Livestock and Poultry Genetic Resource Conservation and Bio-Breeding, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei 230036, China
| | - Xiaodong Zhang
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei 230036, China
- Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Local Livestock and Poultry Genetic Resource Conservation and Bio-Breeding, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei 230036, China
| | - Xianrui Zheng
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei 230036, China
- Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Local Livestock and Poultry Genetic Resource Conservation and Bio-Breeding, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei 230036, China
| | - Wenbin Bao
- Key Laboratory for Animal Genetics, Breeding, Reproduction and Molecular Design of Jiangsu Province, College of Animal Science and Technology, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225009, China
- Correspondence: (W.B.); (Z.Y.)
| | - Zongjun Yin
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei 230036, China
- Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Local Livestock and Poultry Genetic Resource Conservation and Bio-Breeding, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei 230036, China
- Correspondence: (W.B.); (Z.Y.)
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17
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Xu Z, Wu J, Zhou J, Zhang Y, Qiao M, Sun H, Li Z, Li L, Chen N, Oyelami FO, Peng X, Mei S. Integration of ATAC-seq and RNA-seq analysis identifies key genes affecting intramuscular fat content in pigs. Front Nutr 2022; 9:1016956. [PMID: 36276837 PMCID: PMC9581296 DOI: 10.3389/fnut.2022.1016956] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/11/2022] [Accepted: 09/14/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Meat quality is one of the most important economic traits in pig breeding and production, and intramuscular fat (IMF) content is the major factor in improving meat quality. The IMF deposition in pigs is influenced by transcriptional regulation, which is dependent on chromatin accessibility. However, how chromatin accessibility plays a regulatory role in IMF deposition in pigs has not been reported. Xidu black is a composite pig breed with excellent meat quality, which is an ideal research object of this study. In this study, we used the assay for transposase-accessible chromatin using sequencing (ATAC-seq) and RNA sequencing (RNA-seq) analysis to identify the accessible chromatin regions and key genes affecting IMF content in Xidu black pig breed with extremely high and low IMF content. First, we identified 21,960 differential accessible chromatin peaks and 297 differentially expressed genes. The motif analysis of differential peaks revealed several potential cis-regulatory elements containing binding sites for transcription factors with potential roles in fat deposition, including Mef2c, CEBP, Fra1, and AP-1. Then, by integrating the ATAC-seq and RNA-seq analysis results, we found 47 genes in the extremely high IMF (IMF_H) group compared with the extremely low IMF (IMF_L) group. For these genes, we observed a significant positive correlation between the differential gene expression and differential ATAC-seq signal (r2 = 0.42). This suggests a causative relationship between chromatin remodeling and the resulting gene expression. We identified several candidate genes (PVALB, THRSP, HOXA9, EEPD1, HOXA10, and PDE4B) that might be associated with fat deposition. Through the PPI analysis, we found that PVALB gene was the top hub gene. In addition, some pathways that might regulate fat cell differentiation and lipid metabolism, such as the PI3K-Akt signaling pathway, MAPK signaling pathway, and calcium signaling pathway, were significantly enriched in the ATAC-seq and RNA-seq analysis. To the best of our knowledge, our study is the first to use ATAC-seq and RNA-seq to examine the mechanism of IMF deposition from a new perspective. Our results provide valuable information for understanding the regulation mechanism of IMF deposition and an important foundation for improving the quality of pork.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhong Xu
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Animal Embryo and Molecular Breeding, Institute of Animal Husbandry and Veterinary, Hubei Provincial Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Wuhan, China
| | - Junjing Wu
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Animal Embryo and Molecular Breeding, Institute of Animal Husbandry and Veterinary, Hubei Provincial Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Wuhan, China
| | - Jiawei Zhou
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Animal Embryo and Molecular Breeding, Institute of Animal Husbandry and Veterinary, Hubei Provincial Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Wuhan, China
| | - Yu Zhang
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Animal Embryo and Molecular Breeding, Institute of Animal Husbandry and Veterinary, Hubei Provincial Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Wuhan, China
| | - Mu Qiao
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Animal Embryo and Molecular Breeding, Institute of Animal Husbandry and Veterinary, Hubei Provincial Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Wuhan, China
| | - Hua Sun
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Animal Embryo and Molecular Breeding, Institute of Animal Husbandry and Veterinary, Hubei Provincial Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Wuhan, China
| | - Zipeng Li
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Animal Embryo and Molecular Breeding, Institute of Animal Husbandry and Veterinary, Hubei Provincial Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Wuhan, China
| | - Lianghua Li
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Animal Embryo and Molecular Breeding, Institute of Animal Husbandry and Veterinary, Hubei Provincial Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Wuhan, China
| | - Nanqi Chen
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Animal Embryo and Molecular Breeding, Institute of Animal Husbandry and Veterinary, Hubei Provincial Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Wuhan, China
| | | | - Xianwen Peng
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Animal Embryo and Molecular Breeding, Institute of Animal Husbandry and Veterinary, Hubei Provincial Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Wuhan, China,*Correspondence: Xianwen Peng,
| | - Shuqi Mei
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Animal Embryo and Molecular Breeding, Institute of Animal Husbandry and Veterinary, Hubei Provincial Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Wuhan, China,Shuqi Mei,
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18
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Xiong L, Pei J, Wang X, Guo S, Guo X, Yan P. Lipidomics and Transcriptome Reveal the Effects of Feeding Systems on Fatty Acids in Yak’s Meat. Foods 2022; 11:foods11172582. [PMID: 36076769 PMCID: PMC9455248 DOI: 10.3390/foods11172582] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/21/2022] [Revised: 08/19/2022] [Accepted: 08/19/2022] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
The differences of fatty acids in yak’s meat under graze feeding (GF) and stall feeding (SF) regimes and the regulation mechanism of the feeding system on the fatty acids content in yak ’s meat was explored in this study. First, the fatty acids in yak’s longissimus dorsi (LD) muscle were detected by gas liquid chromatography (GLC). Compared with GF yaks, the absolute content of ΣSFAs, ΣMUFAs, ΣUFAs, ΣPUFAs and Σn-6PUFAs in SF yak’s LD were higher, whereas Σn-3PUFAs was lower; the relative content of ΣMUFAs, ΣPUFAs, Σn-3PUFAs and ΣUFAs in SF yak’s LD were lower, whereas ΣSFAs was higher. The GF yak’s meat is healthier for consumers. Further, the transcriptomic and lipidomics profiles in yak’s LD were detected by mRNA-Sequencing (mRNA-Seq) and ultra-high performance liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry (UHPLC-MS), respectively. The integrated transcriptomic and lipidomics analysis showed the differences in fatty acids were caused by the metabolism of fatty acids, amino acids, carbohydrates and phospholipids, and were mainly regulated by the FASN, FABP3, PLIN1, SLC16A13, FASD6 and SCD genes in the PPAR signaling pathway. Moreover, the SCD gene was the candidate gene for the high content of ΣMUFA, and FADS6 was the candidate gene for the high content of Σn-3PUFAs and the healthier ratio of Σn-6/Σn-3PUFAs in yak meat. This study provides a guidance to consumers in the choice of yak’s meat, and also established a theoretical basis for improving yak’s meat quality.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lin Xiong
- Animal Science Department, Lanzhou Institute of Husbandry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Lanzhou 730050, China
- Key Laboratory of Animal Genetics and Breeding on Tibetan Plateau, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Lanzhou 730050, China
- Key Laboratory for Yak Genetics, Breeding, and Reproduction Engineering of Gansu Province, Lanzhou 730050, China
| | - Jie Pei
- Animal Science Department, Lanzhou Institute of Husbandry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Lanzhou 730050, China
- Key Laboratory of Animal Genetics and Breeding on Tibetan Plateau, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Lanzhou 730050, China
- Key Laboratory for Yak Genetics, Breeding, and Reproduction Engineering of Gansu Province, Lanzhou 730050, China
| | - Xingdong Wang
- Animal Science Department, Lanzhou Institute of Husbandry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Lanzhou 730050, China
- Key Laboratory of Animal Genetics and Breeding on Tibetan Plateau, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Lanzhou 730050, China
- Key Laboratory for Yak Genetics, Breeding, and Reproduction Engineering of Gansu Province, Lanzhou 730050, China
| | - Shaoke Guo
- Animal Science Department, Lanzhou Institute of Husbandry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Lanzhou 730050, China
- Key Laboratory of Animal Genetics and Breeding on Tibetan Plateau, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Lanzhou 730050, China
- Key Laboratory for Yak Genetics, Breeding, and Reproduction Engineering of Gansu Province, Lanzhou 730050, China
| | - Xian Guo
- Animal Science Department, Lanzhou Institute of Husbandry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Lanzhou 730050, China
- Key Laboratory of Animal Genetics and Breeding on Tibetan Plateau, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Lanzhou 730050, China
- Key Laboratory for Yak Genetics, Breeding, and Reproduction Engineering of Gansu Province, Lanzhou 730050, China
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +86-0931-2115271
| | - Ping Yan
- Animal Science Department, Lanzhou Institute of Husbandry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Lanzhou 730050, China
- Key Laboratory of Animal Genetics and Breeding on Tibetan Plateau, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Lanzhou 730050, China
- Key Laboratory for Yak Genetics, Breeding, and Reproduction Engineering of Gansu Province, Lanzhou 730050, China
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19
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Zhang X, Liu C, Kong Y, Li F, Yue X. Effects of intramuscular fat on meat quality and its regulation mechanism in Tan sheep. Front Nutr 2022; 9:908355. [PMID: 35967801 PMCID: PMC9366309 DOI: 10.3389/fnut.2022.908355] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/30/2022] [Accepted: 07/08/2022] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Intramuscular fat (IMF) contributes importantly to various aspects of meat quality, and genetic regulation is an effective pathway to improve IMF deposition in sheep. In this study, we systematically explored the effect of IMF content on meat quality in Tan sheep and investigated the regulatory mechanism of flavor precursors metabolism and IMF deposition. The results revealed that IMF significantly affected meat color, total muscle fiber numbers, and muscle fiber types in Tan sheep. Widely-targeted metabolomic analysis showed that amino acids were the main differential flavor precursors between lambs with different IMF content. Importantly, the comparison of fatty acid profiles revealed that saturated fatty acids and monounsaturated fatty acids are beneficial for IMF deposition. Furthermore, integrated analysis between metabolome and transcriptome indicated that MME is a key gene resulting in the reduction of amino acids in lambs with high IMF content; and the joint analysis between fatty acid profiles and transcript profiles showed that ADIPOQ, FABP4, PLIN1, PPARGC1A, SLC2A1 accelerated IMF deposition through positive regulation of saturated fatty acids and monounsaturated fatty acids metabolism. These results revealed key changes in meat quality affected by IMF content and the corresponding genetic mechanism, which may provide a new insight for understanding the IMF differential deposition and for improving meat quality in Tan sheep.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xueying Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Grassland Agro-Ecosystems, Key Laboratory of Grassland Livestock Industry Innovation, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Engineering Research Center of Grassland Industry, Ministry of Education, College of Pastoral Agriculture Science and Technology, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, China
| | - Chongyang Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Grassland Agro-Ecosystems, Key Laboratory of Grassland Livestock Industry Innovation, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Engineering Research Center of Grassland Industry, Ministry of Education, College of Pastoral Agriculture Science and Technology, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, China
| | - Yuanyuan Kong
- State Key Laboratory of Grassland Agro-Ecosystems, Key Laboratory of Grassland Livestock Industry Innovation, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Engineering Research Center of Grassland Industry, Ministry of Education, College of Pastoral Agriculture Science and Technology, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, China
| | - Fadi Li
- State Key Laboratory of Grassland Agro-Ecosystems, Key Laboratory of Grassland Livestock Industry Innovation, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Engineering Research Center of Grassland Industry, Ministry of Education, College of Pastoral Agriculture Science and Technology, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, China
| | - Xiangpeng Yue
- State Key Laboratory of Grassland Agro-Ecosystems, Key Laboratory of Grassland Livestock Industry Innovation, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Engineering Research Center of Grassland Industry, Ministry of Education, College of Pastoral Agriculture Science and Technology, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, China
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20
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Li J, Yang Y, Tang C, Yue S, Zhao Q, Li F, Zhang J. Changes in lipids and aroma compounds in intramuscular fat from Hu sheep. Food Chem 2022; 383:132611. [PMID: 35413762 DOI: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2022.132611] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/13/2021] [Revised: 02/25/2022] [Accepted: 02/28/2022] [Indexed: 11/04/2022]
Abstract
Intramuscular fat (IMF) content is associated with lamb flavor and largely varies between individuals of the same breed. However, studies investigating the effects of IMF variations on lipid profiles and aroma compounds are limited. Here, we performed lipidomic and volatilomic profiling of high-IMF and low-IMF Hu lambs. Triglycerides and diglycerides in the high-IMF group were significantly higher than those in the low-IMF group (p < 0.05). Seventy-nine of 842 lipids identified were significantly different between the groups under positive and negative ion modes (variable importance in projection > 1, p < 0.05). Volatilomic analyses revealed that the aroma profiles also differed between the groups. Fifteen aroma compounds, mainly originating from lipid oxidation, could be responsible for this difference. Thus, our findings provide a comprehensive understanding of the increases in IMF content that drive consumers' satisfaction and also provide a basis for underpinning breeding value for IMF.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jing Li
- State Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition, Institute of Animal Sciences of Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100193, China
| | - Youyou Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition, Institute of Animal Sciences of Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100193, China
| | - Chaohua Tang
- State Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition, Institute of Animal Sciences of Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100193, China
| | - Shengnan Yue
- State Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition, Institute of Animal Sciences of Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100193, China
| | - Qingyu Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition, Institute of Animal Sciences of Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100193, China
| | - Fadi Li
- State Key Laboratory of Grassland Agro-ecosystems, Key Laboratory of Grassland Livestock Industry Innovation, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Engineering Research Center of Grassland Industry, Ministry of Education, College of Pastoral Agriculture Science and Technology, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730020, China.
| | - Junmin Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition, Institute of Animal Sciences of Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100193, China.
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21
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Manaig YJY, Sandrini S, Panseri S, Tedeschi G, Folch JM, Sánchez A, Savoini G, Agazzi A. Low n-6/n-3 Gestation and Lactation Diets Influence Early Performance, Muscle and Adipose Polyunsaturated Fatty Acid Content and Deposition, and Relative Abundance of Proteins in Suckling Piglets. Molecules 2022; 27:2925. [PMID: 35566276 PMCID: PMC9103047 DOI: 10.3390/molecules27092925] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/21/2022] [Revised: 04/27/2022] [Accepted: 04/28/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Elevated omega-6 (n-6) and omega-3 (n-3) polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs) ratios in swine diets can potentially impose a higher risk of inflammatory and metabolic diseases in swine. A low ratio between the two omega PUFAs has beneficial effects on sows' and piglets' production performance and immunity status. At present, there are few studies on how sow nutrition directly affects the protein and fat deposition in suckling piglets. Two groups of sows were fed diets with high or low n-6/n-3 polyunsaturated ratios of 13:1 (SOY) and 4:1 (LIN), respectively, during gestation and lactation. Longissimus dorsi muscle and adipose tissue from newborn piglets, nourished only with sow's milk, were subjected to fatty acid profiling by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS) and to proteomics assays based on nano-liquid chromatography coupled to high-resolution tandem mass spectrometry (nLC-HRMS). Fatty acid profiles on both muscle and adipose tissues resembled the magnitude of the differences between fatty acid across diets. Proteomic analysis revealed overabundance of 4 muscle and 11 adipose tissue proteins in SOY compared to LIN in both piglet tissues. The detected overabundance of haptoglobin, an acute-phase protein, and the stimulation of protein-coding genes and proteins related to the innate immune response and acute inflammatory response could be associated with the pro-inflammatory role of n-6 PUFAs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yron Joseph Yabut Manaig
- Departament de Ciència Animal i dels Aliments, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, 08193 Bellaterra, Barcelona, Spain; (J.M.F.); (A.S.)
- Plant and Animal Genomics, Centre for Research in Agricultural Genomics (CRAG), CSIC-IRTA-UAB-UB Consortium, 08193 Bellaterra, Barcelona, Spain
- Department of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Sciences, Università degli Studi di Milano, 26900 Lodi, Italy; (S.S.); (S.P.); (G.S.); (A.A.)
| | - Silvia Sandrini
- Department of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Sciences, Università degli Studi di Milano, 26900 Lodi, Italy; (S.S.); (S.P.); (G.S.); (A.A.)
| | - Sara Panseri
- Department of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Sciences, Università degli Studi di Milano, 26900 Lodi, Italy; (S.S.); (S.P.); (G.S.); (A.A.)
| | - Gabriella Tedeschi
- CRC “Innovation for Well-Being and Environment” (I-WE), Università degli Studi di Milano, 20122 Milano, Italy;
| | - Josep M. Folch
- Departament de Ciència Animal i dels Aliments, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, 08193 Bellaterra, Barcelona, Spain; (J.M.F.); (A.S.)
- Plant and Animal Genomics, Centre for Research in Agricultural Genomics (CRAG), CSIC-IRTA-UAB-UB Consortium, 08193 Bellaterra, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Armand Sánchez
- Departament de Ciència Animal i dels Aliments, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, 08193 Bellaterra, Barcelona, Spain; (J.M.F.); (A.S.)
- Plant and Animal Genomics, Centre for Research in Agricultural Genomics (CRAG), CSIC-IRTA-UAB-UB Consortium, 08193 Bellaterra, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Giovanni Savoini
- Department of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Sciences, Università degli Studi di Milano, 26900 Lodi, Italy; (S.S.); (S.P.); (G.S.); (A.A.)
| | - Alessandro Agazzi
- Department of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Sciences, Università degli Studi di Milano, 26900 Lodi, Italy; (S.S.); (S.P.); (G.S.); (A.A.)
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22
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The Quality Changes and Proteomic Analysis of Cattle Muscle Postmortem during Rigor Mortis. Foods 2022; 11:foods11020217. [PMID: 35053949 PMCID: PMC8775072 DOI: 10.3390/foods11020217] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/25/2021] [Revised: 12/26/2021] [Accepted: 01/08/2022] [Indexed: 01/19/2023] Open
Abstract
Rigor mortis occurs in a relatively early postmortem period and is a complex biochemical process in the conversion of muscle to meat. Understanding the quality changes and biomarkers during rigor mortis can provide a theoretical basis for maintaining and improving meat quality. Herein, a tandem mass tag proteomic method is used to investigate the effects of differentially expressed proteins on the meat quality of cattle Longissimus lumborum muscle postmortem (0, 6, and 24 h). The pH, total sulfhydryl content and sarcomere length decrease significantly during storage. In contrast, meat color values (L*, a*, and b*) and the myofibril fragmentation index increase significantly. Altogether, 147 differentially expressed proteins are identified, most being categorized as metabolic enzymes, mitochondrial proteins, necroptosis and ferroptosis proteins and structural proteins. The results also reveal additional proteins that are potentially involved in rigor mortis, such as cardiac phospholamban, acetyl-coenzyme A acyltransferase, and ankyrin repeat domain 2. The current results provide proteomic insights into the changes in meat quality during rigor mortis.
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Wang L, Zhang S, Huang Y, You W, Zhou Y, Chen W, Sun Y, Yi W, Sun H, Xie J, Zhu X, Zheng Q, Shan T. CLA improves the lipo-nutritional quality of pork and regulates the gut microbiota in Heigai pigs. Food Funct 2022; 13:12093-12104. [DOI: 10.1039/d2fo02549c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
CLA improves the lipo-nutritional quality in muscle and these changes are associated with the production and functions of differential bacteria and SCFAs in the gut of Heigai pigs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liyi Wang
- College of Animal Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Animal Nutrition (Zhejiang University), Ministry of Education, China
- Key Laboratory of Animal Feed and Nutrition of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou, China
| | - Shu Zhang
- College of Animal Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Animal Nutrition (Zhejiang University), Ministry of Education, China
- Key Laboratory of Animal Feed and Nutrition of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou, China
| | - Yuqin Huang
- College of Animal Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Animal Nutrition (Zhejiang University), Ministry of Education, China
- Key Laboratory of Animal Feed and Nutrition of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou, China
| | - Wenjing You
- College of Animal Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Animal Nutrition (Zhejiang University), Ministry of Education, China
- Key Laboratory of Animal Feed and Nutrition of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou, China
| | - Yanbing Zhou
- College of Animal Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Animal Nutrition (Zhejiang University), Ministry of Education, China
- Key Laboratory of Animal Feed and Nutrition of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou, China
| | - Wentao Chen
- College of Animal Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Animal Nutrition (Zhejiang University), Ministry of Education, China
- Key Laboratory of Animal Feed and Nutrition of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou, China
| | - Ye Sun
- College of Animal Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Animal Nutrition (Zhejiang University), Ministry of Education, China
- Key Laboratory of Animal Feed and Nutrition of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou, China
| | - Wuzhou Yi
- College of Animal Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Animal Nutrition (Zhejiang University), Ministry of Education, China
- Key Laboratory of Animal Feed and Nutrition of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou, China
| | - Houwei Sun
- Shandong Chunteng Food Co. Ltd., Zaozhuang 277500, China
| | - Jintang Xie
- Shandong Chunteng Food Co. Ltd., Zaozhuang 277500, China
| | - Xiaodong Zhu
- Shandong Chunteng Food Co. Ltd., Zaozhuang 277500, China
| | | | - Tizhong Shan
- College of Animal Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Animal Nutrition (Zhejiang University), Ministry of Education, China
- Key Laboratory of Animal Feed and Nutrition of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou, China
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