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Ruggiero R, Motta G, Massaro G, Rafaniello C, Della Corte A, De Angelis A, Capuano A, Motta G, Rossi F. Pharmacological, Technological, and Digital Innovative Aspects in Rhinology. FRONTIERS IN ALLERGY 2021; 2:732909. [PMID: 35387050 PMCID: PMC8974665 DOI: 10.3389/falgy.2021.732909] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/03/2021] [Accepted: 11/04/2021] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Innovation refers to the introduction of a product, a process, a service or a solution resulting in something new or significantly improved compared to the already available alternatives. In the clinical context, it is strictly related to the identification of a new added value in terms of quality, therapeutic efficacy and safety. Over the years several innovative approaches have been introduced in the clinical practice, revolutionizing the treatment and the management of important rhinologic conditions. Innovative tools, including new drugs, biomaterials, and mobile applications seem to be able to improve the clinical outcomes and the quality of life of many patients affected by (often relapsing) rhinologic diseases. Among the main modern pharmacological innovations, mention must be made of the biological drugs like monoclonal antibodies (mAbs). Recently, new mAbs have been introduced and investigated as useful arms in the treatment of some inflammatory/infectious or oncological diseases affecting the nasal cavities and paranasal sinuses. The already approved or still investigated mAbs work inhibiting different type 2 inflammation pathways, including those mediated by IgE (omalizumab), IL-4/IL-13 (dupilumab), and IL-5 (mepolizumab). Moreover, considering the higher expression of PD-L1 in nasopharyngeal carcinoma, the use of PD-1 inhibitors, such as nivolumab, or a dual CTLA-4/PD-1 blockade (ipilimumab plus nivolumab) appear to be an effective strategy for the treatment of this cancer form. The implants with bio-absorbable biomaterials represent new interesting available technological innovations. Moreover, advanced technologies such as the artificial intelligence, the machine learning as well as the augmented or virtual reality have also proved useful in rhinologic field with main impacts on precision medicine and surgery. Finally, the development and use of mobile-Health tools represent a winning strategy in monitoring of the therapy success, safety and tolerability as well as the progress of chronic disease including chronic rhinosinusitis with nasal polyps. Supporting the research of innovative tools and strategies (including pharmacological, technologic, or digital ones) is essential to improve the management of chronic diseases that significantly affect the patients' quality of life.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rosanna Ruggiero
- Campania Regional Centre for Pharmacovigilance and Pharmacoepidemiology, Naples, Italy
- Department of Experimental Medicine, Section of Pharmacology “L. Donatelli”, University of Campania “Luigi Vanvitelli”, Naples, Italy
- *Correspondence: Rosanna Ruggiero
| | - Giovanni Motta
- Department of Mental Health and Public Medicine, Section of Otorhinolaryngology—Head and Neck Surgery, University of Campania “Luigi Vanvitelli”, Naples, Italy
| | - Giuseppe Massaro
- Department of Mental Health and Public Medicine, Section of Otorhinolaryngology—Head and Neck Surgery, University of Campania “Luigi Vanvitelli”, Naples, Italy
| | - Concetta Rafaniello
- Campania Regional Centre for Pharmacovigilance and Pharmacoepidemiology, Naples, Italy
- Department of Experimental Medicine, Section of Pharmacology “L. Donatelli”, University of Campania “Luigi Vanvitelli”, Naples, Italy
| | - Alberto Della Corte
- Department of Experimental Medicine, Section of Pharmacology “L. Donatelli”, University of Campania “Luigi Vanvitelli”, Naples, Italy
| | - Antonella De Angelis
- Department of Experimental Medicine, Section of Pharmacology “L. Donatelli”, University of Campania “Luigi Vanvitelli”, Naples, Italy
| | - Annalisa Capuano
- Campania Regional Centre for Pharmacovigilance and Pharmacoepidemiology, Naples, Italy
- Department of Experimental Medicine, Section of Pharmacology “L. Donatelli”, University of Campania “Luigi Vanvitelli”, Naples, Italy
| | - Gaetano Motta
- Department of Mental Health and Public Medicine, Section of Otorhinolaryngology—Head and Neck Surgery, University of Campania “Luigi Vanvitelli”, Naples, Italy
| | - Francesco Rossi
- Campania Regional Centre for Pharmacovigilance and Pharmacoepidemiology, Naples, Italy
- Department of Experimental Medicine, Section of Pharmacology “L. Donatelli”, University of Campania “Luigi Vanvitelli”, Naples, Italy
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