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De Colibus L, Roine E, Walter TS, Ilca SL, Wang X, Wang N, Roseman AM, Bamford D, Huiskonen JT, Stuart DI. Assembly of complex viruses exemplified by a halophilic euryarchaeal virus. Nat Commun 2019; 10:1456. [PMID: 30926810 PMCID: PMC6441041 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-019-09451-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/18/2018] [Accepted: 03/07/2019] [Indexed: 01/27/2023] Open
Abstract
Many of the largest known viruses belong to the PRD1-adeno structural lineage characterised by conserved pseudo-hexameric capsomers composed of three copies of a single major capsid protein (MCP). Here, by high-resolution cryo-EM analysis, we show that a class of archaeal viruses possess hetero-hexameric MCPs which mimic the PRD1-adeno lineage trimer. These hetero-hexamers are built from heterodimers and utilise a jigsaw-puzzle system of pegs and holes, and underlying minor capsid proteins, to assemble the capsid laterally from the 5-fold vertices. At these vertices proteins engage inwards with the internal membrane vesicle whilst 2-fold symmetric horn-like structures protrude outwards. The horns are assembled from repeated globular domains attached to a central spine, presumably facilitating multimeric attachment to the cell receptor. Such viruses may represent precursors of the main PRD1-adeno lineage, similarly engaging cell-receptors via 5-fold spikes and using minor proteins to define particle size. Here, the authors present the cryo-EM structure of the archaeal virus SH1 at 3.8 Å resolution and show how the major capsid proteins assemble into hetero-hexamers, providing insights into the assembly process of this and related PRD1-adeno lineage viruses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Luigi De Colibus
- Division of Structural Biology, University of Oxford, Wellcome Centre for Human Genetics, Oxford, OX3 7BN, UK
| | - Elina Roine
- Research Program in Molecular and Integrative Biosciences, Faculty of Environmental and Biological Sciences, University of Helsinki, 00014, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Thomas S Walter
- Division of Structural Biology, University of Oxford, Wellcome Centre for Human Genetics, Oxford, OX3 7BN, UK
| | - Serban L Ilca
- Division of Structural Biology, University of Oxford, Wellcome Centre for Human Genetics, Oxford, OX3 7BN, UK
| | - Xiangxi Wang
- National Laboratory of Biomacromolecules, CAS Center for Excellence in Biomacromolecules, Institute of Biophysics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 100101, Beijing, China
| | - Nan Wang
- National Laboratory of Biomacromolecules, CAS Center for Excellence in Biomacromolecules, Institute of Biophysics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 100101, Beijing, China
| | - Alan M Roseman
- Division of Molecular & Cellular Function, School of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Biology, Medicine and Health, Manchester Academic Health Science Centre, University of Manchester, The Michael Smith Building, Oxford Road, Manchester, M13 9PL, UK
| | - Dennis Bamford
- Research Program in Molecular and Integrative Biosciences, Faculty of Environmental and Biological Sciences, University of Helsinki, 00014, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Juha T Huiskonen
- Division of Structural Biology, University of Oxford, Wellcome Centre for Human Genetics, Oxford, OX3 7BN, UK. .,Research Program in Molecular and Integrative Biosciences, Faculty of Environmental and Biological Sciences, University of Helsinki, 00014, Helsinki, Finland. .,Helsinki Institute of Life Science HiLIFE, University of Helsinki, 00014, Helsinki, Finland.
| | - David I Stuart
- Division of Structural Biology, University of Oxford, Wellcome Centre for Human Genetics, Oxford, OX3 7BN, UK. .,Diamond Light Source Ltd, Harwell Science & Innovation Campus, Didcot, OX11 0DE, UK.
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