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Fraga R, Len K, Lutzing R, Laverny G, Loureiro J, Maestro MA, Rochel N, Rodriguez‐Borges E, Mouriño A. Design, Synthesis, Evaluation and Structure of Allenic 1α,25-Dihydroxyvitamin D 3 Analogs with Locked Mobility at C-17. Chemistry 2021; 27:13384-13389. [PMID: 34224173 PMCID: PMC8519077 DOI: 10.1002/chem.202101578] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/04/2021] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Abstract
Vitamin D receptor ligands have potential for the treatment of hyperproliferative diseases and disorders related to the immune system. However, hypercalcemic effects limit their therapeutical uses and call for the development of tissue-selective new analogs. We have designed and synthesized the first examples of 1α,25-dihydroxyvitamin D3 analogs bearing an allenic unit attached to the D ring to restrict the side-chain conformational mobility. The triene system was constructed by a Pd0 -mediated cyclization/Suzuki-Miyaura cross-coupling process in the presence of an allenic side chain. The allenic moiety was built through an orthoester-Claisen rearrangement of a propargylic alcohol. The biological activity and structure of (22S)-1α,25-dihydroxy-17,20-dien-24-homo-21-nor-vitamin D3 bound to binding domain of the vitamin D receptor, provide information concerning side-chain conformational requirements for biological activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ramón Fraga
- Departamento de Química OrgánicaLaboratorio de Investigación Ignacio RibasUniversidad de SantiagoAvda Ciencias s/n15782Santiago de CompostelaSpain
| | - Kateryna Len
- Institut de Génétique et de BiologieMoléculaire et Cellulaire (IGBMC)67400IllkirchFrance
- Institut National de La Santé et de La Recherche Médicale (INSERM), U125867400IllkirchFrance
- Centre National de Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), UMR710467400IllkirchFrance
- Université de Strasbourg67400IllkirchFrance
| | - Regis Lutzing
- Institut de Génétique et de BiologieMoléculaire et Cellulaire (IGBMC)67400IllkirchFrance
- Institut National de La Santé et de La Recherche Médicale (INSERM), U125867400IllkirchFrance
- Centre National de Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), UMR710467400IllkirchFrance
- Université de Strasbourg67400IllkirchFrance
| | - Gilles Laverny
- Institut de Génétique et de BiologieMoléculaire et Cellulaire (IGBMC)67400IllkirchFrance
- Institut National de La Santé et de La Recherche Médicale (INSERM), U125867400IllkirchFrance
- Centre National de Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), UMR710467400IllkirchFrance
- Université de Strasbourg67400IllkirchFrance
| | - Julian Loureiro
- LAQV/REQUIMTEDepartamento de Química e BioquímicaFaculdade de Ciências da Universidade do PortoPortugal
| | - Miguel A. Maestro
- Departamento de Química OrgánicaLaboratorio de Investigación Ignacio RibasUniversidad de SantiagoAvda Ciencias s/n15782Santiago de CompostelaSpain
- Departamento de Química-CICAFacultad de CienciasUniversidad de A CoruñaCampus da Zapateira s/n15071A CoruñaSpain
| | - Natacha Rochel
- Institut de Génétique et de BiologieMoléculaire et Cellulaire (IGBMC)67400IllkirchFrance
- Institut National de La Santé et de La Recherche Médicale (INSERM), U125867400IllkirchFrance
- Centre National de Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), UMR710467400IllkirchFrance
- Université de Strasbourg67400IllkirchFrance
| | - Enrique Rodriguez‐Borges
- LAQV/REQUIMTEDepartamento de Química e BioquímicaFaculdade de Ciências da Universidade do PortoPortugal
| | - Antonio Mouriño
- Departamento de Química OrgánicaLaboratorio de Investigación Ignacio RibasUniversidad de SantiagoAvda Ciencias s/n15782Santiago de CompostelaSpain
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Wang P, Qin X, Liu M, Wang X. The burgeoning role of cytochrome P450-mediated vitamin D metabolites against colorectal cancer. Pharmacol Res 2018; 133:9-20. [PMID: 29719203 DOI: 10.1016/j.phrs.2018.04.022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2018] [Revised: 03/28/2018] [Accepted: 04/27/2018] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
The metabolites of vitamin D3 (VD3) mediated by different cytochrome P450 (CYP) enzymes, play fundamental roles in many physiological processes in relation to human health. These metabolites regulate a variety of cellular signal pathways through the direct binding of activated vitamin D receptor/retinoic X receptor (VDR/RXR) heterodimeric complex to specific DNA sequences. Thus, the polymorphisms of VDR and VD3 metabolizing enzymes lead to differentiated efficiency of VD3 and further affect serum VD3 levels. Moreover, VDR activation is demonstrated to inhibit the growth of various cancers, including colorectal cancer. However, excessive intake of vitamin D may lead to hypercalcemia, which limits the application of vitamin D tremendously. In this review, we have summarized the advances in VD3 research, especially the metabolism map of VD3 and the molecular mechanisms of inhibiting growth and inducing differentiation in colorectal cancer mediated by VDR-associated cellular signal pathways. The relationship between VDR polymorphism and the risk of colorectal cancer is also illustrated. In particular, novel pathways of the activation of VD3 started by CYP11A1 and CYP3A4 are highlighted, which produce several noncalcemic and antiproliferative metabolites. At last, the hypothesis is put forward that further research of CYP-mediated VD3 metabolites may develop therapeutic agents for colorectal cancer without resulting in hypercalcemia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peili Wang
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Regulatory Biology, Institute of Biomedical Sciences and School of Life Sciences, East China Normal University, Shanghai, China
| | - Xuan Qin
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Regulatory Biology, Institute of Biomedical Sciences and School of Life Sciences, East China Normal University, Shanghai, China
| | - Mingyao Liu
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Regulatory Biology, Institute of Biomedical Sciences and School of Life Sciences, East China Normal University, Shanghai, China; Center for Cancer and Stem Cell Biology, Institute of Biosciences and Technology, Department of Molecular and Cellular Medicine, Texas A&M University Health Sciences Center, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Xin Wang
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Regulatory Biology, Institute of Biomedical Sciences and School of Life Sciences, East China Normal University, Shanghai, China.
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Tieu EW, Li W, Chen J, Baldisseri DM, Slominski AT, Tuckey RC. Metabolism of cholesterol, vitamin D3 and 20-hydroxyvitamin D3 incorporated into phospholipid vesicles by human CYP27A1. J Steroid Biochem Mol Biol 2012; 129:163-71. [PMID: 22210453 PMCID: PMC3303980 DOI: 10.1016/j.jsbmb.2011.11.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/14/2011] [Revised: 11/28/2011] [Accepted: 11/30/2011] [Indexed: 10/14/2022]
Abstract
CYP27A1 is a mitochondrial cytochrome P450 which can hydroxylate vitamin D3 and cholesterol at carbons 25 and 26, respectively. The product of vitamin D3 metabolism, 25-hydroxyvitamin D3, is the precursor to the biologically active hormone, 1α,25-dihydroxyvitamin D3. CYP27A1 is attached to the inner mitochondrial membrane and substrates appear to reach the active site through the membrane phase. We have therefore examined the ability of bacterially expressed and purified CYP27A1 to metabolize substrates incorporated into phospholipid vesicles which resemble the inner mitochondrial membrane. We also examined the ability of CYP27A1 to metabolize 20-hydroxyvitamin D3 (20(OH)D3), a novel non-calcemic form of vitamin D derived from CYP11A1 action on vitamin D3 which has anti-proliferative activity on keratinocytes, leukemic and myeloid cells. CYP27A1 displayed high catalytic activity towards cholesterol with a turnover number (k(cat)) of 9.8 min(-1) and K(m) of 0.49 mol/mol phospholipid (510 μM phospholipid). The K(m) value of vitamin D3 was similar for that of cholesterol, but the k(cat) was 4.5-fold lower. 20(OH)D3 was metabolized by CYP27A1 to two major products with a k(cat)/K(m) that was 2.5-fold higher than that for vitamin D3, suggesting that 20(OH)D3 could effectively compete with vitamin D3 for catalysis. NMR and mass spectrometric analyses revealed that the two major products were 20,25-dihydroxyvitamin D3 and 20,26-dihydroxyvitamin D3, in almost equal proportions. Thus, the presence of the 20-hydroxyl group on the vitamin D3 side chain enables it to be metabolized more efficiently than vitamin D3, with carbon 26 in addition to carbon 25 becoming a major site of hydroxylation. Our study reports the highest k(cat) for the 25-hydroxylation of vitamin D3 by any human cytochrome P450 suggesting that CYP27A1 might be an important contributor to the synthesis of 25-hydroxyvitamin D3, particularly in tissues where it is highly expressed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elaine W. Tieu
- School of Biomedical, Biomolecular and Chemical Sciences, The University of Western Australia, Crawley, WA 6009, Australia
| | - Wei Li
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, University of Tennessee Health Science Center, Memphis, TN 38163, USA
| | - Jianjun Chen
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, University of Tennessee Health Science Center, Memphis, TN 38163, USA
| | | | - Andrzej T. Slominski
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine and the Center for Cancer Research, University of Tennessee Health Science Center, Memphis, TN 38163, USA
| | - Robert C. Tuckey
- School of Biomedical, Biomolecular and Chemical Sciences, The University of Western Australia, Crawley, WA 6009, Australia
- Corresponding author. Tel.: +61 864883040; fax.: +61 864881148., Postal address: 35 Stirling Highway, Crawley, WA 6009, Australia., address:
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Abstract
This paper reviews the current understanding of the vitamin D-induced differentiation of neoplastic cells, which results in the generation of cells that acquire near-normal, mature phenotype. Examples of the criteria by which differentiation is recognized in each cell type are provided, and only those effects of 1alpha,25-dihydroxyvitamin D(3) (1,25D) on cell proliferation and survival that are associated with the differentiation process are emphasized. The existing knowledge, often fragmentary, of the signaling pathways that lead to vitamin D-induced differentiation of colon, breast, prostate, squamous cell carcinoma, osteosarcoma, and myeloid leukemia cancer cells is outlined. The important distinctions between the different mechanisms of 1,25D-induced differentiation that are cell-type and cell-context specific are pointed out where known. There is a considerable body of evidence that the principal human cancer cells can be suitable candidates for chemoprevention or differentiation therapy with vitamin D. However, further studies are needed to fully understand the underlying mechanisms in order to improve the therapeutic approaches.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elzbieta Gocek
- Faculty of Biotechnology, University of Wroclaw, Wroclaw, Poland
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Dembitsky VM, Maoka T. Allenic and cumulenic lipids. Prog Lipid Res 2007; 46:328-75. [PMID: 17765976 DOI: 10.1016/j.plipres.2007.07.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 113] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/14/2007] [Revised: 06/13/2007] [Accepted: 07/02/2007] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
Abstract
Nowadays, about 200 natural allenic metabolites, more than 2700 synthetic allenic compounds, and about 1300 cumulenic structures are known. The present review describes research on natural as well as some biological active allenic and cumulenic lipids and related compounds isolated from different sources. Intensive searches for new classes of pharmacologically potent agents produced by living organisms have resulted in the discovery of dozens of such compounds possessing high anticancer, cytotoxic, antibacterial, antiviral, and other activities. Known allenic and cumulenic compounds can be subdivided on several structural classes: fatty acids, hydrocarbons, terpenes, steroids, carotenoids, marine bromoallenes, peptides, aromatic, cumulenic, and miscellaneous compounds. This review emphasizes the role of natural and synthetic allenic and cumulenic lipids and other related compounds as an important source of leads for drug discovery.
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Affiliation(s)
- Valery M Dembitsky
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry and Natural Products, School of Pharmacy, P.O. Box 12065, Hebrew University, Jerusalem 91120, Israel.
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Abstract
This article reviews the progress in the chemistry of the steroids that was published between January and December 2005. The reactions and partial synthesis of estrogens, androgens, pregnanes, bile acid derivatives, cholestanes and vitamin D analogues are covered. There are 139 references.
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Affiliation(s)
- James R Hanson
- Department of Chemistry, University of Sussex, Brighton, Sussex BN1 9QJ, UK
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