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Tharun IM, Nieto L, Haase C, Scheepstra M, Balk M, Möcklinghoff S, Adriaens W, Dames SA, Brunsveld L. Subtype-specific modulation of estrogen receptor-coactivator interaction by phosphorylation. ACS Chem Biol 2015; 10:475-84. [PMID: 25386784 DOI: 10.1021/cb5007097] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
The estrogen receptor (ER) is the number one target for the treatment of endocrine responsive breast cancer and remains a highly attractive target for new drug development. Despite considerable efforts to understand the role of ER post-translational modifications (PTMs), the complexity of these modifications and their impact, at the molecular level, are poorly understood. Using a chemical biology approach, fundamentally rooted in an efficient protein semisynthesis of tyrosine phosphorylated ER constructs, the complex role of the ER tyrosine phosphorylation is addressed here for the first time on a molecular level. The semisynthetic approach allows for the site-specific introduction of PTMs as well as biophysical probes. A combination of biophysical techniques, including NMR, with molecular dynamics studies reveals the role of the phosphorylation of the clinically relevant tyrosine 537 (Y537) in ERα and the analogous tyrosine (Y488) in ERβ. Phosphorylation has important effects on the dynamics of the ER Helix 12, which is centrally involved in receptor activity regulation, and on its interplay with ligand and cofactor binding, but with differential regulatory effects of the analogous PTMs on the two ER subtypes. Combined, the results bring forward a novel molecular model of a phosphorylation-induced subtype specific ER modulatory mechanism, alternative to the widely accepted ligand-induced activation mechanism.
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Affiliation(s)
- Inga M. Tharun
- Laboratory
of Chemical Biology and Institute of Complex Molecular Systems, Department
of Biomedical Engineering, Eindhoven University of Technology, Den Dolech
2, 5612AZ Eindhoven, The Netherlands
| | - Lidia Nieto
- Laboratory
of Chemical Biology and Institute of Complex Molecular Systems, Department
of Biomedical Engineering, Eindhoven University of Technology, Den Dolech
2, 5612AZ Eindhoven, The Netherlands
| | - Christian Haase
- Laboratory
of Chemical Biology and Institute of Complex Molecular Systems, Department
of Biomedical Engineering, Eindhoven University of Technology, Den Dolech
2, 5612AZ Eindhoven, The Netherlands
| | - Marcel Scheepstra
- Laboratory
of Chemical Biology and Institute of Complex Molecular Systems, Department
of Biomedical Engineering, Eindhoven University of Technology, Den Dolech
2, 5612AZ Eindhoven, The Netherlands
| | - Mark Balk
- Laboratory
of Chemical Biology and Institute of Complex Molecular Systems, Department
of Biomedical Engineering, Eindhoven University of Technology, Den Dolech
2, 5612AZ Eindhoven, The Netherlands
| | - Sabine Möcklinghoff
- Laboratory
of Chemical Biology and Institute of Complex Molecular Systems, Department
of Biomedical Engineering, Eindhoven University of Technology, Den Dolech
2, 5612AZ Eindhoven, The Netherlands
| | - Wencke Adriaens
- Laboratory
of Chemical Biology and Institute of Complex Molecular Systems, Department
of Biomedical Engineering, Eindhoven University of Technology, Den Dolech
2, 5612AZ Eindhoven, The Netherlands
| | - Sonja A. Dames
- Chair
of Biomolecular NMR Spectroscopy, Department of Chemistry, Technische Universität München, Lichtenbergstr. 4, 85747 Garching, Germany
- Institute
of Structural Biology, Helmholtz Zentrum München, Ingolstädter
Landstr. 1, 85764 Neuherberg, Germany
| | - Luc Brunsveld
- Laboratory
of Chemical Biology and Institute of Complex Molecular Systems, Department
of Biomedical Engineering, Eindhoven University of Technology, Den Dolech
2, 5612AZ Eindhoven, The Netherlands
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Salum LDB, Polikarpov I, Andricopulo AD. Structural and chemical basis for enhanced affinity and potency for a large series of estrogen receptor ligands: 2D and 3D QSAR studies. J Mol Graph Model 2007; 26:434-42. [PMID: 17349808 DOI: 10.1016/j.jmgm.2007.02.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/15/2006] [Revised: 01/31/2007] [Accepted: 02/02/2007] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
Abstract
The estrogen receptor (ER) is an important drug target for the development of novel therapeutic agents for the treatment of breast cancer. Progress towards the design of more potent and selective ER modulators requires the optimization of multiple ligand-receptor interactions. Comparative molecular field analyses (CoMFA) and hologram quantitative structure-activity relationships (HQSAR) were conducted on a large set of ERalpha modulators. Two training sets containing either 127 or 69 compounds were used to generate QSAR models for in vitro binding affinity and potency, respectively. Significant correlation coefficients (affinity models, CoMFA, r(2)=0.93 and q(2)=0.79; HQSAR, r(2)=0.92 and q(2)=0.71; potency models, CoMFA, r(2)=0.94 and q(2)=0.72; HQSAR, r(2)=0.92 and q(2)=0.74) were obtained, indicating the potential of the models for untested compounds. The generated models were validated using external test sets, and the predicted values were in good agreement with the experimental results. The final QSAR models as well as the information gathered from 3D contour maps should be useful for the design of novel ERalpha modulators having improved affinity and potency.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lívia de B Salum
- Laboratório de Química Medicinal e Computacional, Centro de Biotecnologia Molecular Estrutural, Instituto de Física de São Carlos, Universidade de São Paulo, Av. Trabalhador São-Carlense 400, 13560-970 São Carlos, SP, Brazil
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