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Kim MH, Kim S, Kim S, Park W, Han J. Gryllus bimaculatus-containing diets protect against dexamethasone-induced muscle atrophy, but not high-fat diet-induced obesity. Food Sci Nutr 2023; 11:2787-2797. [PMID: 37324877 PMCID: PMC10261823 DOI: 10.1002/fsn3.3257] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/05/2022] [Revised: 01/20/2023] [Accepted: 01/23/2023] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Sarcopenia and obesity are emerging as major social problems. In this study, we examined whether Gryllus bimaculatus (GB), an edible insect, prevents dexamethasone-induced muscle atrophy (sarcopenia) or high-fat diet (HFD)-induced obesity in mice. We generated a standard chow diet (SCD) + GB (85% SCD and 15% GB powder) and HFD + GB (85% HFD and 15% GB powder). SCD + GB feeding increased gains in body weight and white adipose tissue (WAT). Despite no difference in weight change between HFD + GB- and HFD-fed mice, HFD + GB feeding aggravated insulin resistance compared with HFD feeding. SCD + GB or HFD + GB feeding did not change most gene expressions in the liver and WAT but did increase MyHC1 expression in the muscle, meaning that GB increased muscle generation. Therefore, we fed SCD + GB with dexamethasone, which induces muscle degeneration. As a result, muscle fiber size increased, as did grip strength compared with dexamethasone-injected mice. In addition, SCD + GB reduced the expression of muscle degradation factors, such as atrogin1 and muscle RING-finger protein 1 (MuRF1). Furthermore, SCD + GB feeding increased Akt, mTOR, and p70S6K phosphorylation and MyHC1 expression, meaning that it may have increased protein synthesis. In conclusion, GB has great potential for inhibiting dexamethasone-induced muscle mass loss by increasing muscle protein synthesis and inhibiting muscle protein degradation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Min Hee Kim
- Department of BiochemistryCollege of Medicine, Ewha Womans UniversitySeoulSouth Korea
| | - Su‐Jeong Kim
- Department of BiochemistryChung‐Ang University College of MedicineSeoulSouth Korea
| | - Si‐Hyun Kim
- Department of Human Ecology (Food Science and Nutrition)Korea UniversitySeoulSouth Korea
| | - Woo‐Jae Park
- Department of BiochemistryChung‐Ang University College of MedicineSeoulSouth Korea
| | - Jung‐Soon Han
- Department of Human Ecology (Food Science and Nutrition)Korea UniversitySeoulSouth Korea
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Caccese M, Desideri I, Padovan M, Bruno F, Cerretti G, Fiorentino A, Denaro L, Chioffi F, Della Puppa A, Maccari M, Cavallin F, Coppola M, Pittaro A, Rudà R, Livi L, Lombardi G. Association between thyroid function and regorafenib efficacy in patients with relapsed wild-type IDH glioblastoma: a large multicenter study. J Neurooncol 2023; 163:377-383. [PMID: 37264256 PMCID: PMC10322943 DOI: 10.1007/s11060-023-04356-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/19/2023] [Accepted: 05/25/2023] [Indexed: 06/03/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE Regorafenib demonstrated encouraging results in recurrent glioblastoma patients. Some studies showed that changes in circulating thyroid hormones (fT3, fT4, fT3/fT4 ratio) can be considered as prognostic factors in patients with various types of tumors. We designed this study to investigate the relationship between baseline thyroid variables and outcome in IDH-wild type GBM patients who were treated with regorafenib. METHODS This multicenter retrospective study included recurrent IDH-wild-type glioblastoma patients treated with regorafenib. Only patients with baseline thyroid function values (TSH, fT3, fT4, fT3/fT4 ratio) available were evaluated. RANO criteria were used to analyze neuroradiological response. Survival curves were estimated using the Kaplan-Meier method. The relationships between baseline thyroid variables (TSH, fT3, fT4, fT3/fT4) and survival (PFS, OS) were investigated with Cox regression models. RESULTS From November 2015 to April 2022, 134 recurrent IDH-wildtype GBM patients were treated with regorafenib and 128 of these had information on baseline thyroid function value. Median follow-up was 8 months (IQR 4.7-14.0). Objective Response Rate was 9% and Disease Control Rate was 40.9%. Median PFS was 2.7 months (95%CI 2.2-3.6) and median OS was 10.0 months (95%CI 7.0-13.0). Lower baseline TSH value in the blood was correlated with a higher rate of disease progression to regorafenib (p = 0.04). Multivariable analyses suggested a non-linear relationship between PFS (p = 0.01) and OS (p = 0.03) with baseline fT3/fT4 ratio. CONCLUSION In recurrent wild-type IDH glioblastoma patients, baseline fT3/fT4 ratio showed a non-linear relationship with survival, with different impacts across the spectrum of fT3/fT4 ratio. Moreover, baseline TSH may be a predictor of regorafenib activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mario Caccese
- Department of Oncology, Oncology 1, Veneto Institute of Oncology, IOV-IRCCS, Padua, Italy.
| | - Isacco Desideri
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Biomedical Sciences, Radiation Oncology, Careggi Hospital, University of Florence, Florence, Italy
| | - Marta Padovan
- Department of Oncology, Oncology 1, Veneto Institute of Oncology, IOV-IRCCS, Padua, Italy
| | - Francesco Bruno
- Division of Neuro-Oncology, Department Neuroscience, University and City of Health and Science Hospital, Turin, Italy
| | - Giulia Cerretti
- Department of Oncology, Oncology 1, Veneto Institute of Oncology, IOV-IRCCS, Padua, Italy
| | - Alba Fiorentino
- Department of Medicine, LUM Giuseppe Degennaro University, Casamassima, Bari, Italy
| | - Luca Denaro
- Academic Neurosurgery, Department of Neurosciences DNS, University of Padua, Padua, Italy
| | - Franco Chioffi
- Department of Neurosurgery, Padua University Hospital, Padua, Italy
| | - Alessandro Della Puppa
- Neurosurgical Clinical Department of Neuroscience, Psychology, Pharmacology and Child Health, Careggi Hospital, University of Florence, Florence, Italy
| | - Marta Maccari
- Department of Oncology, Oncology 1, Veneto Institute of Oncology, IOV-IRCCS, Padua, Italy
| | | | - Marina Coppola
- Pharmacy, Veneto Institute of Oncology, IOV-IRCCS, Padua, Italy
| | - Alice Pittaro
- Radiology Unit, Department of Imaging and Medical Physics, Veneto Institute of Oncology, IOV-IRCCS, Padua, Italy
| | - Roberta Rudà
- Division of Neuro-Oncology, Department Neuroscience, University and City of Health and Science Hospital, Turin, Italy
| | - Lorenzo Livi
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Biomedical Sciences, Radiation Oncology, Careggi Hospital, University of Florence, Florence, Italy
| | - Giuseppe Lombardi
- Department of Oncology, Oncology 1, Veneto Institute of Oncology, IOV-IRCCS, Padua, Italy
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Beneficial Effect of H 2S-Releasing Molecules in an In Vitro Model of Sarcopenia: Relevance of Glucoraphanin. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms23115955. [PMID: 35682634 PMCID: PMC9180606 DOI: 10.3390/ijms23115955] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/21/2022] [Revised: 05/19/2022] [Accepted: 05/20/2022] [Indexed: 02/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Sarcopenia is a gradual and generalized skeletal muscle (SKM) syndrome, characterized by the impairment of muscle components and functionality. Hydrogen sulfide (H2S), endogenously formed within the body from the activity of cystathionine-γ-lyase (CSE), cystathionine- β-synthase (CBS), and mercaptopyruvate sulfurtransferase, is involved in SKM function. Here, in an in vitro model of sarcopenia based on damage induced by dexamethasone (DEX, 1 μM, 48 h treatment) in C2C12-derived myotubes, we investigated the protective potential of exogenous and endogenous sources of H2S, i.e., glucoraphanin (30 μM), L-cysteine (150 μM), and 3-mercaptopyruvate (150 μM). DEX impaired the H2S signalling in terms of a reduction in CBS and CSE expression and H2S biosynthesis. Glucoraphanin and 3-mercaptopyruvate but not L-cysteine prevented the apoptotic process induced by DEX. In parallel, the H2S-releasing molecules reduced the oxidative unbalance evoked by DEX, reducing catalase activity, O2− levels, and protein carbonylation. Glucoraphanin, 3-mercaptopyruvate, and L-cysteine avoided the changes in myotubes morphology and morphometrics after DEX treatment. In conclusion, in an in vitro model of sarcopenia, an impairment in CBS/CSE/H2S signalling occurs, whereas glucoraphanin, a natural H2S-releasing molecule, appears more effective for preventing the SKM damage. Therefore, glucoraphanin supplementation could be an innovative therapeutic approach in the management of sarcopenia.
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Shang Y, Kuang M, Wang Z, Huang Y, Liu L, Zhao X, Zhang R, Zhao Y, Peng R, Sun S, Yang Q, Yang Z. An Ultrashort Peptide-Based Supramolecular Hydrogel Mimicking IGF-1 to Alleviate Glucocorticoid-Induced Sarcopenia. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2020; 12:34678-34688. [PMID: 32668906 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.0c09973] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Sarcopenia is a common disease in older people due to aging, and it can also occur in midlife because of diseases including cancer. Sarcopenia, characterized by rapid loss of muscle mass and accelerated loss of function, can lead to adverse outcomes such as frailty, falls, and even mortality. The development of pharmacological and therapeutic approaches to treat sarcopenia remains challenging. The growth status and quantity of myoblasts are the key factors directly affecting muscle formation. Therefore, enhancing the function of myoblasts is crucial for the treatment of sarcopenia. In our study, we introduced an insulin-like growth factor-I (IGF-1) mimicking supramolecular nanofibers/hydrogel formed by Nap-FFGSSSR that effectively promoted proliferation and significantly reduced dexamethasone-induced apoptosis of myoblasts, assisted myoblasts to differentiate into myotubes, and prevented the fibrosis of muscle tissue and the deposition of collagen, ultimately achieving outstanding effects in the treatment of sarcopenia. The RNA-sequencing results revealed that our nanofibers possessed similar bioactivity to the growth factor IGF-1, which increased the phosphorylation of Akt by activating the insulin signaling pathway. We prepared novel supramolecular nanomaterials to reverse glucocorticoid-induced myoblast dysfunction, which was promising for the treatment of muscular atrophy. In addition, we envisioned the generation of biofunctional nanomaterials by molecular self-assembly for the treatment of chronic diseases in middle-aged and older people.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuna Shang
- Key Laboratory of Bioactive Materials, Ministry of Education, State Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemical Biology, College of Life Sciences, Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemical Science and Engineering, and National Institute of Functional Materials, Nankai University, Tianjin 300071, P. R. China
| | - Mingjie Kuang
- Department of Orthopedics, Shandong Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Shandong University, Shandong 250014, P. R. China
| | - Zhongyan Wang
- Key Laboratory of Bioactive Materials, Ministry of Education, State Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemical Biology, College of Life Sciences, Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemical Science and Engineering, and National Institute of Functional Materials, Nankai University, Tianjin 300071, P. R. China
| | - Ying Huang
- Department of Orthopedics, Tianjin Hospital, Tianjin 300211, P. R. China
| | - Lulu Liu
- Key Laboratory of Bioactive Materials, Ministry of Education, State Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemical Biology, College of Life Sciences, Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemical Science and Engineering, and National Institute of Functional Materials, Nankai University, Tianjin 300071, P. R. China
| | - Xige Zhao
- Department of Orthopedics, Tianjin Hospital, Tianjin 300211, P. R. China
| | - Rui Zhang
- Department of Orthopedics, Tianjin Hospital, Tianjin 300211, P. R. China
| | - Yanhong Zhao
- Department of Orthopedics, Tianjin Hospital, Tianjin 300211, P. R. China
| | - Rong Peng
- Key Laboratory of Bioactive Materials, Ministry of Education, State Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemical Biology, College of Life Sciences, Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemical Science and Engineering, and National Institute of Functional Materials, Nankai University, Tianjin 300071, P. R. China
| | - Shenghuan Sun
- Key Laboratory of Bioactive Materials, Ministry of Education, State Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemical Biology, College of Life Sciences, Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemical Science and Engineering, and National Institute of Functional Materials, Nankai University, Tianjin 300071, P. R. China
| | - Qiang Yang
- Department of Orthopedics, Tianjin Hospital, Tianjin 300211, P. R. China
| | - Zhimou Yang
- Key Laboratory of Bioactive Materials, Ministry of Education, State Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemical Biology, College of Life Sciences, Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemical Science and Engineering, and National Institute of Functional Materials, Nankai University, Tianjin 300071, P. R. China
- Jiangsu Center for the Collaboration and Innovation of Cancer Biotherapy, Cancer Institute, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, Jiangsu 221004, P. R. China
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Mankhong S, Kim S, Moon S, Kwak HB, Park DH, Kang JH. Experimental Models of Sarcopenia: Bridging Molecular Mechanism and Therapeutic Strategy. Cells 2020; 9:E1385. [PMID: 32498474 PMCID: PMC7348939 DOI: 10.3390/cells9061385] [Citation(s) in RCA: 70] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/30/2020] [Revised: 05/27/2020] [Accepted: 05/27/2020] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Sarcopenia has been defined as a progressive decline of skeletal muscle mass, strength, and functions in elderly people. It is accompanied by physical frailty, functional disability, falls, hospitalization, and mortality, and is becoming a major geriatric disorder owing to the increasing life expectancy and growing older population worldwide. Experimental models are critical to understand the pathophysiology of sarcopenia and develop therapeutic strategies. Although its etiologies remain to be further elucidated, several mechanisms of sarcopenia have been identified, including cellular senescence, proteostasis imbalance, oxidative stress, and "inflammaging." In this article, we address three main aspects. First, we describe the fundamental aging mechanisms. Next, we discuss both in vitro and in vivo experimental models based on molecular mechanisms that have the potential to elucidate the biochemical processes integral to sarcopenia. The use of appropriate models to reflect sarcopenia and/or its underlying pathways will enable researchers to understand sarcopenia and develop novel therapeutic strategies for sarcopenia. Lastly, we discuss the possible molecular targets and the current status of drug candidates for sarcopenia treatment. In conclusion, the development of experimental models for sarcopenia is essential to discover molecular targets that are valuable as biochemical biomarkers and/or therapeutic targets for sarcopenia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sakulrat Mankhong
- Department of Pharmacology, Hypoxia-related Disease Research Center, College of Medicine, Inha University, Incheon 22212, Korea; (S.M.); (S.K.); (S.M.)
| | - Sujin Kim
- Department of Pharmacology, Hypoxia-related Disease Research Center, College of Medicine, Inha University, Incheon 22212, Korea; (S.M.); (S.K.); (S.M.)
- Department of Kinesiology, Inha University, Incheon 22212, Korea; (H.-B.K.); (D.-H.P.)
- Institute of Sports & Arts Convergence (ISAC), Inha University, Incheon 22212, Korea
| | - Sohee Moon
- Department of Pharmacology, Hypoxia-related Disease Research Center, College of Medicine, Inha University, Incheon 22212, Korea; (S.M.); (S.K.); (S.M.)
| | - Hyo-Bum Kwak
- Department of Kinesiology, Inha University, Incheon 22212, Korea; (H.-B.K.); (D.-H.P.)
- Institute of Sports & Arts Convergence (ISAC), Inha University, Incheon 22212, Korea
| | - Dong-Ho Park
- Department of Kinesiology, Inha University, Incheon 22212, Korea; (H.-B.K.); (D.-H.P.)
- Institute of Sports & Arts Convergence (ISAC), Inha University, Incheon 22212, Korea
| | - Ju-Hee Kang
- Department of Pharmacology, Hypoxia-related Disease Research Center, College of Medicine, Inha University, Incheon 22212, Korea; (S.M.); (S.K.); (S.M.)
- Institute of Sports & Arts Convergence (ISAC), Inha University, Incheon 22212, Korea
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Mannelli LDC, Micheli L, Lucarini E, Parisio C, Toti A, Tenci B, Zanardelli M, Branca JJV, Pacini A, Ghelardini C. Effects of the Combination of β-Hydroxy-β-Methyl Butyrate and R(+) Lipoic Acid in a Cellular Model of Sarcopenia. Molecules 2020; 25:E2117. [PMID: 32366049 PMCID: PMC7249096 DOI: 10.3390/molecules25092117] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/05/2020] [Revised: 04/01/2020] [Accepted: 04/27/2020] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
: Sarcopenia is a clinical problem associated with several pathological and non-pathological conditions. The aim of the present research is the evaluation of the pharmacological profile of the leucine metabolite β-hydroxy-β-methyl butyrate (HMB) associated with the natural R(+) stereoisomer of lipoic acid (R(+)LA) in a cellular model of muscle wasting. The C2C12 cell line is used as myoblasts or is differentiated in myotubes, sarcopenia is induced by dexamethasone (DEX). A Bonferroni significant difference procedure is used for a post hoc comparison. DEX toxicity (0.01-300 µM concentration range) is evaluated in myoblasts to measure cell viability and caspase 3 activation after 24 h and 48 h; cell incubation with 1 µM DEX for 48 h is chosen as optimal treatment for decreasing cell viability and increasing caspase 3 activity. R(+)LA or HMB significantly prevents DEX-induced cell mortality; the efficacy is improved when 100 µM R(+)LA is combined with 1 mM HMB. Regarding myoblasts, this combination significantly reduces DEX-evoked O2- production and protein oxidative damage. During the early phase of myotube formation, the mixture preserves the number of myogenin-positive cells, whereas it completely prevents the DEX-dependent damage in a later phase of myotube differentiation (7 days), as evaluated by cell diameter and percentage of multinucleated cells. R(+)LA in association with HMB is suggested for sarcopenia therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lorenzo Di Cesare Mannelli
- Department of Neurosciences, Psychology, Drug Research and Child Health-Neurofarba-Pharmacology and Toxicology Section, University of Florence. Viale Pieraccini 6, 50139 Florence, Italy; (L.M.); (E.L.); (C.P.); (A.T.); (B.T.); (M.Z.); (C.G.)
| | - Laura Micheli
- Department of Neurosciences, Psychology, Drug Research and Child Health-Neurofarba-Pharmacology and Toxicology Section, University of Florence. Viale Pieraccini 6, 50139 Florence, Italy; (L.M.); (E.L.); (C.P.); (A.T.); (B.T.); (M.Z.); (C.G.)
| | - Elena Lucarini
- Department of Neurosciences, Psychology, Drug Research and Child Health-Neurofarba-Pharmacology and Toxicology Section, University of Florence. Viale Pieraccini 6, 50139 Florence, Italy; (L.M.); (E.L.); (C.P.); (A.T.); (B.T.); (M.Z.); (C.G.)
| | - Carmen Parisio
- Department of Neurosciences, Psychology, Drug Research and Child Health-Neurofarba-Pharmacology and Toxicology Section, University of Florence. Viale Pieraccini 6, 50139 Florence, Italy; (L.M.); (E.L.); (C.P.); (A.T.); (B.T.); (M.Z.); (C.G.)
| | - Alessandra Toti
- Department of Neurosciences, Psychology, Drug Research and Child Health-Neurofarba-Pharmacology and Toxicology Section, University of Florence. Viale Pieraccini 6, 50139 Florence, Italy; (L.M.); (E.L.); (C.P.); (A.T.); (B.T.); (M.Z.); (C.G.)
| | - Barbara Tenci
- Department of Neurosciences, Psychology, Drug Research and Child Health-Neurofarba-Pharmacology and Toxicology Section, University of Florence. Viale Pieraccini 6, 50139 Florence, Italy; (L.M.); (E.L.); (C.P.); (A.T.); (B.T.); (M.Z.); (C.G.)
| | - Matteo Zanardelli
- Department of Neurosciences, Psychology, Drug Research and Child Health-Neurofarba-Pharmacology and Toxicology Section, University of Florence. Viale Pieraccini 6, 50139 Florence, Italy; (L.M.); (E.L.); (C.P.); (A.T.); (B.T.); (M.Z.); (C.G.)
| | - Jacopo Junio Valerio Branca
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, Anatomy Section, University of Florence, Largo Brambilla 3, 50134 Florence, Italy; (J.J.V.B.); (A.P.)
| | - Alessandra Pacini
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, Anatomy Section, University of Florence, Largo Brambilla 3, 50134 Florence, Italy; (J.J.V.B.); (A.P.)
| | - Carla Ghelardini
- Department of Neurosciences, Psychology, Drug Research and Child Health-Neurofarba-Pharmacology and Toxicology Section, University of Florence. Viale Pieraccini 6, 50139 Florence, Italy; (L.M.); (E.L.); (C.P.); (A.T.); (B.T.); (M.Z.); (C.G.)
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Aru M, Alev K, Pehme A, Purge P, Õnnik L, Ellam A, Kaasik P, Seene T. Changes in Body Composition of Old Rats at Different Time Points After Dexamethasone Administration. Curr Aging Sci 2020; 11:255-260. [PMID: 30648531 PMCID: PMC6635420 DOI: 10.2174/1874609812666190114144238] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/20/2018] [Revised: 10/15/2018] [Accepted: 01/03/2019] [Indexed: 01/29/2023]
Abstract
Background: Aging leads to changes in skeletal muscle quantity and quality and is accompanied with increase in body mass and fat mass, whereas fat-free mass either decreases or remains unchanged. The body composition of rodents has been an important factor for clinical trials in the laboratory. Glucocorticoids such as dexamethasone are widely used in clinical medicine, but may induce myopathy, characterized by muscle weakness, atrophy, and fatigue. In animals treated with glucocorticoids, a dose-dependent reduction of body weight has been observed. This weight loss is usually followed by muscle atrophy and a reduction of several muscle proteins, contributing to impaired muscle function. This study was designed to describe changes in body composition and BMC of 22-month-old rats during 10- and 20-day recovery period after 10-day dexamethasone administration. Method: Data on body mass, lean body mass, fat mass and bone mineral content of the rats were obtained with dual energy X-ray absorptiometry scan. Result: Significant reduction in body mass, lean body mass, fat mass and fast-twitch muscle mass was observed after dexamethasone treatment. Body mass, fat mass and fast-twitch muscle mass stayed decreased during 20 days after terminating the hormone administration; lean body mass reached the preadministration level after 20-day recovery period. There were no significant changes in bone mineral density during the recovery period. Dexamethasone treatment gradually reduced hindlimb grip strength that also stayed decreased during the 20-day recovery period. Conclusion: This study demonstrated that a 10-day period of overexprosure to glycocorticoids induced longlasting changes in old rats’ body composition and these values did not attain the baseline level even after 20-day recovery period.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maire Aru
- Institute of Sport Sciences and Physiotherapy, University of Tartu, Ravila 14a, 50411 Tartu, Tartu, Estonia
| | - Karin Alev
- Institute of Sport Sciences and Physiotherapy, University of Tartu, Ravila 14a, 50411 Tartu, Tartu, Estonia
| | - Ando Pehme
- Institute of Sport Sciences and Physiotherapy, University of Tartu, Ravila 14a, 50411 Tartu, Tartu, Estonia
| | - Priit Purge
- Institute of Sport Sciences and Physiotherapy, University of Tartu, Ravila 14a, 50411 Tartu, Tartu, Estonia
| | - Lauri Õnnik
- Institute of Sport Sciences and Physiotherapy, University of Tartu, Ravila 14a, 50411 Tartu, Tartu, Estonia
| | - Anu Ellam
- Institute of Sport Sciences and Physiotherapy, University of Tartu, Ravila 14a, 50411 Tartu, Tartu, Estonia
| | - Priit Kaasik
- Institute of Sport Sciences and Physiotherapy, University of Tartu, Ravila 14a, 50411 Tartu, Tartu, Estonia
| | - Teet Seene
- Institute of Sport Sciences and Physiotherapy, University of Tartu, Ravila 14a, 50411 Tartu, Tartu, Estonia
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Kang W, Tong T, Park T. Corticotropin releasing factor-overexpressing mouse is a model of chronic stress-induced muscle atrophy. PLoS One 2020; 15:e0229048. [PMID: 32049987 PMCID: PMC7015416 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0229048] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/24/2019] [Accepted: 01/28/2020] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Chronic stress and continually high glucocorticoid levels can induce muscle atrophy. Unfortunately, there is a lack of appropriate animal models for stress-induced muscle atrophy research. Corticotropin releasing factor-overexpressing (CRF-OE) mice are a transgenic model of chronic stress that exhibit increased plasma corticosterone levels and Cushing’s syndrome; however, the skeletal muscle pathology of the CRF-OE mouse has not been well studied. We observed that male, 19-week-old CRF-OE mice had significantly lower skeletal muscle mass, average cross-sectional myofiber area, and total muscle protein content than their wild type (WT) littermates. Muscle function determined by grip strength, wire-hang, and open field tests showed that 19-week-old male CRF-OE mice had impaired physical ability. Additionally, the skeletal muscles of CRF-mice exhibited decreased expression of factors involved in the IGF-1/AKT/mTOR protein synthesis pathway and increased ubiquitin proteasome pathway activity compared to the WT control mice. In conclusion, 19-week-old CRF-OE mice display numerous features of muscle atrophy and thus serve as a model for investigating stress-induced muscle atrophy and interventions to target the deleterious effects of stress on skeletal muscle.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wesuk Kang
- Department of Food and Nutrition, Brain Korea 21 PLUS Project, Yonsei University, Seodaemun-gu, Seoul, Korea
| | - Tao Tong
- Department of Food and Nutrition, Brain Korea 21 PLUS Project, Yonsei University, Seodaemun-gu, Seoul, Korea
| | - Taesun Park
- Department of Food and Nutrition, Brain Korea 21 PLUS Project, Yonsei University, Seodaemun-gu, Seoul, Korea
- * E-mail:
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Alev K, Vain A, Aru M, Pehme A, Purge P, Kaasik P, Seene T. Glucocorticoid-Induced Changes in Rat Skeletal Muscle Biomechanical and Viscoelastic Properties: Aspects of Aging. J Manipulative Physiol Ther 2019; 41:19-24. [PMID: 29366489 DOI: 10.1016/j.jmpt.2017.06.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/11/2016] [Revised: 05/30/2017] [Accepted: 06/08/2017] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES The purpose of this study was to estimate the state of tension (tone) and the biomechanical and viscoelastic properties of skeletal muscle in aging rats during the administration of different doses of dexamethasone and to find the relationships among the state of muscle atrophy, muscle strength, and the abovementioned muscle properties. METHODS Muscle state of tension, biomechanical (elasticity, dynamic stiffness) and viscoelastic (mechanical stress relaxation time, Deborah number) properties (using MyotonPRO, Myoton Ltd, Tallinn, Estonia), lean body mass (BM), and hind limb grip strength were measured before and after the administration of a 10-day treatment with dexamethasone 100 μg/100 g BM (young and old group) and 50 μg/100 g BM (old group). RESULTS Muscle elasticity (logarithmic decrement) was lower in old animals (1.86 ± 0.03) in comparison with young adult rats (1.38 ± 0.04) (P < .01). After the 10-day treatment with dexamethasone 100 μg/100 g BM, young adult rats had 10% lower muscle elasticity (P < .01). The same dose of dexamethasone in old rats increased tone (frequency of natural oscillation) from 29.13 ± 0.51 Hz to 38.50 ± 0.95 Hz (P < .001). There were dose-dependent differences in dynamic stiffness and tone of muscle; changes in elasticity were independent of the dose in old animals. In old rats, the muscle's viscoelastic properties decreased after dexamethasone administration. Significant correlation was found between changes in muscle logarithmic decrement and stiffness (rs = 0.90; P < .05) in old animals. CONCLUSIONS Biomechanical and viscoelastic properties of skeletal muscle indicate changes in the main function of muscle during glucocorticoid-induced muscle atrophy and are in agreement with changes in hind limb strength. The myometric measurements indicate the direction and magnitude of change in muscle tissue after different doses of dexamethasone administration easily and quickly.
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Affiliation(s)
- Karin Alev
- Institute of Sport Sciences and Physiotherapy, University of Tartu, Tartu, Estonia.
| | - Arved Vain
- Institute of Physics, Univeristy of Tartu, Tartu, Estonia
| | - Maire Aru
- Institute of Sport Sciences and Physiotherapy, University of Tartu, Tartu, Estonia
| | - Ando Pehme
- Institute of Sport Sciences and Physiotherapy, University of Tartu, Tartu, Estonia
| | - Priit Purge
- Institute of Sport Sciences and Physiotherapy, University of Tartu, Tartu, Estonia
| | - Priit Kaasik
- Institute of Sport Sciences and Physiotherapy, University of Tartu, Tartu, Estonia
| | - Teet Seene
- Institute of Sport Sciences and Physiotherapy, University of Tartu, Tartu, Estonia
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10
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Yoshioka Y, Kubota Y, Samukawa Y, Yamashita Y, Ashida H. Glabridin inhibits dexamethasone-induced muscle atrophy. Arch Biochem Biophys 2019; 664:157-166. [DOI: 10.1016/j.abb.2019.02.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/23/2018] [Revised: 02/07/2019] [Accepted: 02/12/2019] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
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Otrocka-Domagała I, Paździor-Czapula K, Gesek M. Dexamethasone-induced impairment of post-injury skeletal muscle regeneration. BMC Vet Res 2019; 15:56. [PMID: 30744624 PMCID: PMC6371463 DOI: 10.1186/s12917-019-1804-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/18/2018] [Accepted: 01/30/2019] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Due to the routine use of dexamethasone (DEX) in veterinary and human medicine and its negative impact on the rate of wound healing and skeletal muscle condition, we decided to investigate the effect of DEX on the inflammatory and repair phases of skeletal muscle regeneration. In this study, a porcine skeletal muscle injury model was used. The animals were divided into non-treated and DEX-treated (0.2 mg/kg/day) groups. On the 15th day of DEX administration, bupivacaine hydrochloride-induced muscle injury was performed, and the animals were sacrificed in subsequent days. Regeneration was assessed by histopathology and immunohistochemistry. In the inflammatory phase, the presence and degree of extravasation, necrosis and inflammation were evaluated, while in the repair phase, the numbers of muscle precursor cells (MPCs), myotubes and young myofibres were estimated. Results In the inflammatory phase, DEX increased the severity and prolonged extravasation, prolonged necrosis and inflammation at the site of the muscle injury. In the repair phase, DEX delayed and prolonged MPC presence, impaired and prolonged myotube formation, and delayed young myofibre formation. Furthermore, DEX markedly affected the kinetics of the parameters of the inflammatory phase of the skeletal muscle regeneration more than that of the repair phase. Conclusions DEX impairment of the inflammatory and repair phases of the skeletal muscle regeneration was proven for the first time. The drug appears to affect the inflammatory phase more than the repair phase of regeneration. In light of our results, the possibility of reduction of the regenerative capacity of skeletal muscles should be considered during DEX therapy, and its use should be based on risk–benefit assessment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Iwona Otrocka-Domagała
- Department of Pathological Anatomy, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Warmia and Mazury, Oczapowskiego Street 13, 10-719, Olsztyn, Poland.
| | - Katarzyna Paździor-Czapula
- Department of Pathological Anatomy, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Warmia and Mazury, Oczapowskiego Street 13, 10-719, Olsztyn, Poland
| | - Michał Gesek
- Department of Pathological Anatomy, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Warmia and Mazury, Oczapowskiego Street 13, 10-719, Olsztyn, Poland
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12
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Hydrogen Sulfide Donor NaHS Improves Metabolism and Reduces Muscle Atrophy in Type 2 Diabetes: Implication for Understanding Sarcopenic Pathophysiology. OXIDATIVE MEDICINE AND CELLULAR LONGEVITY 2018; 2018:6825452. [PMID: 30510624 PMCID: PMC6232794 DOI: 10.1155/2018/6825452] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/14/2018] [Revised: 08/09/2018] [Accepted: 08/15/2018] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Sarcopenia, a loss of muscle mass and functionality, constitutes a major contributor to disability in diabetes. Hydrogen sulfide (H2S) dynamics and muscle mass regulatory signaling were studied in GK rats, a model for type 2 diabetes (T2D). GK rats exhibited a number of features that are consistent with sarcopenia and T2D including loss of muscle mass and strength, in addition to glucose intolerance, insulin resistance, and impaired β-cell responsiveness to glucose. Mechanistically, activation levels of Akt, a key modulator of protein balance, were decreased in T2D. Consequently, we confirmed reduced activity of mTOR signaling components and higher expression of atrophy-related markers typified by FoxO1/atrogin-1/MuRF1 and myostatin-Smad2/3 signaling during the course of diabetes. We observed in GK rat reduced antioxidant capacity (↓GSH/GSSG) and increased expression and activity of NADPH oxidase in connection with augmented rate of oxidation of lipids, proteins, and DNA. H2S bioavailability and the expression of key enzymes involved in its synthesis were suppressed as a function of diabetes. Interestingly, GK rats receiving NaHS displayed increased muscle Akt/mTOR signaling and decreased expression of myostatin and the FoxO1/MuRF1/atrogin-dependent pathway. Moreover, diabetes-induced heightened state of oxidative stress was also ameliorated in response to NaHS therapy. Overall, the current data support the notion that a relationship exists between sarcopenia, heightened state of oxidative stress, and H2S deficiency at least in the context of diabetes. Moreover, treatment with a potent H2S donor at an early stage of diabetes is likely to mitigate the development of sarcopenia/frailty and predictably reduces its devastating sequelae of amputation.
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13
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MicroRNA-Regulated Proinflammatory Cytokines in Sarcopenia. Mediators Inflamm 2016; 2016:1438686. [PMID: 27382188 PMCID: PMC4921629 DOI: 10.1155/2016/1438686] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/16/2016] [Accepted: 05/18/2016] [Indexed: 01/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Sarcopenia has been defined as the aging-related disease with the declined mass, strength, and function of skeletal muscle, which is the major cause of frailty and falls in elders. The activation of inflammatory signal pathways due to diseases and aging is suggested to reveal the critical impact on sarcopenia. Several proinflammatory cytokines, especially interleukin-6 (IL-6) and tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α), play crucial roles in modulation of inflammatory signaling pathway during the aging-related loss of skeletal muscle. MicroRNAs (miRNAs) have emerged as the important regulators for the mass and functional maintenance of skeletal muscle through regulating gene expression of proinflammatory cytokines. In this paper, we have systematically discussed regulatory mechanisms of miRNAs for the expression and secretion of inflammatory cytokines during sarcopenia, which will provide some novel targets and therapeutic strategies for controlling aging-related atrophy of skeletal muscle and corresponding chronic inflammatory diseases.
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14
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Role of Myofibrillar Protein Catabolism in Development of Glucocorticoid Myopathy: Aging and Functional Activity Aspects. Metabolites 2016; 6:metabo6020015. [PMID: 27187487 PMCID: PMC4931546 DOI: 10.3390/metabo6020015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/01/2016] [Revised: 05/03/2016] [Accepted: 05/10/2016] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Muscle weakness in corticosteroid myopathy is mainly the result of the destruction and atrophy of the myofibrillar compartment of fast-twitch muscle fibers. Decrease of titin and myosin, and the ratio of nebulin and MyHC in myopathic muscle, shows that these changes of contractile and elastic proteins are the result of increased catabolism of the abovementioned proteins in skeletal muscle. Slow regeneration of skeletal muscle is in good correlation with a decreased number of satellite cells under the basal lamina of muscle fibers. Aging causes a reduction of AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK) activity as the result of the reduced function of the mitochondrial compartment. AMPK activity increases as a result of increased functional activity. Resistance exercise causes anabolic and anticatabolic effects in skeletal muscle: muscle fibers experience hypertrophy while higher myofibrillar proteins turn over. These changes are leading to the qualitative remodeling of muscle fibers. As a result of these changes, possible maximal muscle strength is increasing. Endurance exercise improves capillary blood supply, increases mitochondrial biogenesis and muscle oxidative capacity, and causes a faster turnover rate of sarcoplasmic proteins as well as qualitative remodeling of type I and IIA muscle fibers. The combination of resistance and endurance exercise may be the fastest way to prevent or decelerate muscle atrophy due to the anabolic and anticatabolic effects of exercise combined with an increase in oxidative capacity. The aim of the present short review is to assess the role of myofibrillar protein catabolism in the development of glucocorticoid-caused myopathy from aging and physical activity aspects.
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15
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Krug ALO, Macedo AG, Zago AS, Rush JWE, Santos CF, Amaral SL. High-intensity resistance training attenuates dexamethasone-induced muscle atrophy. Muscle Nerve 2016; 53:779-88. [PMID: 26355638 DOI: 10.1002/mus.24906] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/27/2015] [Revised: 09/02/2015] [Accepted: 09/09/2015] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION In this study we investigated the effects of high-intensity resistance training (RT) on dexamethasone (DEX)-induced muscle atrophy in flexor hallucis longus (FHL), tibialis anterior (TA), and soleus (SOL) muscles. METHODS Rats underwent either high-intensity RT or were kept sedentary. In the last 10 days they received either DEX (0.5 mg/kg/day, intraperitoneally) or saline. RESULTS DEX reduced body weight (-21%), food intake (-28%), FHL and TA muscle mass (-20% and -18%, respectively), and increased muscle-specific ring finger 1 (MuRF-1) protein level (+37% and +45.5%). RT attenuated FHL muscle atrophy through a combination of low increase in MuRF-1 protein level (-3.5%) and significant increases in mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR) (+63%) and p70S6K (+46% and +49% for control and DEX, respectively) protein levels. CONCLUSION RT attenuated DEX-induced muscle atrophy through a combination of increases in mTOR and p70S6K protein levels and a low increase in MuRF-1 protein level.
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Affiliation(s)
- André L O Krug
- Joint Graduate Program in Physiological Sciences, PIPGCF UFscar/UNESP, Federal University of Sao Carlos/Sao Paulo State University, Sao Carlos, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Anderson G Macedo
- Joint Graduate Program in Physiological Sciences, PIPGCF UFscar/UNESP, Federal University of Sao Carlos/Sao Paulo State University, Sao Carlos, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Anderson S Zago
- Department of Physical Education, Science Faculty, São Paulo State University, Avenida Eng. Luiz Edmundo Carrijo Coube, 14-01, Vargem Limpa, Bauru, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - James W E Rush
- Department of Kinesiology, Faculty of Applied Health Sciences, University of Waterloo, Waterloo, Ontario, Canada
| | - Carlos F Santos
- Department of Biological Sciences, Bauru School of Dentistry, University of São Paulo, Bauru, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Sandra L Amaral
- Joint Graduate Program in Physiological Sciences, PIPGCF UFscar/UNESP, Federal University of Sao Carlos/Sao Paulo State University, Sao Carlos, São Paulo, Brazil.,Department of Physical Education, Science Faculty, São Paulo State University, Avenida Eng. Luiz Edmundo Carrijo Coube, 14-01, Vargem Limpa, Bauru, São Paulo, Brazil
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Achiou Z, Toumi H, Touvier J, Boudenot A, Uzbekov R, Ominsky MS, Pallu S, Lespessailles E. Sclerostin antibody and interval treadmill training effects in a rodent model of glucocorticoid-induced osteopenia. Bone 2015; 81:691-701. [PMID: 26409255 DOI: 10.1016/j.bone.2015.09.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/05/2015] [Revised: 09/05/2015] [Accepted: 09/17/2015] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
Glucocorticoids have a beneficial anti-inflammatory and immunosuppressive effect, but their use is associated with decreased bone formation, bone mass and bone quality, resulting in an elevated fracture risk. Exercise and sclerostin antibody (Scl-Ab) administration have both been shown to increase bone formation and bone mass, therefore the ability of these treatments to inhibit glucocorticoid-induced osteopenia alone or in combination were assessed in a rodent model. Adult (4 months-old) male Wistar rats were allocated to a control group (C) or one of 4 groups injected subcutaneously with methylprednisolone (5mg/kg/day, 5 days/week). Methylprednisolone treated rats were injected subcutaneously 2 days/week with vehicle (M) or Scl-Ab-VI (M+S: 25mg/kg/day) and were submitted or not to treadmill interval training exercise (1h/day, 5 days/week) for 9 weeks (M+E, M+E+S). Methylprednisolone treatment increased % fat mass and % apoptotic osteocytes, reduced whole body and femoral bone mineral content (BMC), reduced femoral bone mineral density (BMD) and osteocyte lacunae occupancy. This effect was associated with lower trabecular bone volume (BV/TV) at the distal femur. Exercise increased BV/TV, osteocyte lacunae occupancy, while reducing fat mass, the bone resorption marker NTx, and osteocyte apoptosis. Exercise did not affect BMC or cortical microarchitectural parameters. Scl-Ab increased the bone formation marker osteocalcin and prevented the deleterious effects of M on bone mass, further increasing BMC, BMD and BV/TV to levels above the C group. Scl-Ab increased femoral cortical bone parameters at distal part and midshaft. Scl-Ab prevented the decrease in osteocyte lacunae occupancy and the increase in osteocyte apoptosis induced by M. The addition of exercise to Scl-Ab treatment did not result in additional improvements in bone mass or bone strength parameters. These data suggest that although our exercise regimen did prevent some of the bone deleterious effects of glucocorticoid treatment, particularly in trabecular bone volume and osteocyte apoptosis, Scl-Ab treatment resulted in marked improvements in bone mass across the skeleton and in osteocyte viability, resulting in decreased bone fragility.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zahra Achiou
- EA4708 I3MTO, Orleans Regional Hospital, University of Orleans, Orleans, France.
| | - Hechmi Toumi
- EA4708 I3MTO, Orleans Regional Hospital, University of Orleans, Orleans, France.
| | - Jérome Touvier
- EA4708 I3MTO, Orleans Regional Hospital, University of Orleans, Orleans, France.
| | - Arnaud Boudenot
- EA4708 I3MTO, Orleans Regional Hospital, University of Orleans, Orleans, France.
| | - Rustem Uzbekov
- Department of Microscopy, University of François Rabelais, Tours, France.
| | - Michael S Ominsky
- Metabolic Disorders, Amgen Inc., One Amgen Center Dr., Thousand Oaks 91320, CA, USA.
| | - Stéphane Pallu
- EA4708 I3MTO, Orleans Regional Hospital, University of Orleans, Orleans, France.
| | - Eric Lespessailles
- EA4708 I3MTO, Orleans Regional Hospital, University of Orleans, Orleans, France.
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17
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Beaudry JL, Dunford EC, Leclair E, Mandel ER, Peckett AJ, Haas TL, Riddell MC. Voluntary exercise improves metabolic profile in high-fat fed glucocorticoid-treated rats. J Appl Physiol (1985) 2015; 118:1331-43. [PMID: 25792713 DOI: 10.1152/japplphysiol.00467.2014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/02/2014] [Accepted: 03/15/2015] [Indexed: 01/12/2023] Open
Abstract
Diabetes is rapidly induced in young male Sprague-Dawley rats following treatment with exogenous corticosterone (CORT) and a high-fat diet (HFD). Regular exercise alleviates insulin insensitivity and improves pancreatic β-cell function in insulin-resistant/diabetic rodents, but its effect in an animal model of elevated glucocorticoids is unknown. We examined the effect of voluntary exercise (EX) on diabetes development in CORT-HFD-treated male Sprague-Dawley rats (∼6 wk old). Animals were acclimatized to running wheels for 2 wk, then given a HFD, either wax (placebo) or CORT pellets, and split into 4 groups: placebo-sedentary (SED) or -EX and CORT-SED or -EX. After 2 wk of running combined with treatment, CORT-EX animals had reduced visceral adiposity, and increased skeletal muscle type IIb/x fiber area, oxidative capacity, capillary-to-fiber ratio and insulin sensitivity compared with CORT-SED animals (all P < 0.05). Although CORT-EX animals still had fasting hyperglycemia, these values were significantly improved compared with CORT-SED animals (14.3 ± 1.6 vs. 18.8 ± 0.9 mM). In addition, acute in vivo insulin response to an oral glucose challenge was enhanced ∼2-fold in CORT-EX vs. CORT-SED (P < 0.05) which was further demonstrated ex vivo in isolated islets. We conclude that voluntary wheel running in rats improves, but does not fully normalize, the metabolic profile and skeletal muscle composition of animals administered CORT and HFD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jacqueline L Beaudry
- School of Kinesiology and Health Science, Faculty of Health, Muscle Health Research Center and Physical Activity and Chronic Disease Unit, York University, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Emily C Dunford
- School of Kinesiology and Health Science, Faculty of Health, Muscle Health Research Center and Physical Activity and Chronic Disease Unit, York University, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Erwan Leclair
- School of Kinesiology and Health Science, Faculty of Health, Muscle Health Research Center and Physical Activity and Chronic Disease Unit, York University, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Erin R Mandel
- School of Kinesiology and Health Science, Faculty of Health, Muscle Health Research Center and Physical Activity and Chronic Disease Unit, York University, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Ashley J Peckett
- School of Kinesiology and Health Science, Faculty of Health, Muscle Health Research Center and Physical Activity and Chronic Disease Unit, York University, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Tara L Haas
- School of Kinesiology and Health Science, Faculty of Health, Muscle Health Research Center and Physical Activity and Chronic Disease Unit, York University, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Michael C Riddell
- School of Kinesiology and Health Science, Faculty of Health, Muscle Health Research Center and Physical Activity and Chronic Disease Unit, York University, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
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18
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Girón MD, Vílchez JD, Shreeram S, Salto R, Manzano M, Cabrera E, Campos N, Edens NK, Rueda R, López-Pedrosa JM. β-Hydroxy-β-methylbutyrate (HMB) normalizes dexamethasone-induced autophagy-lysosomal pathway in skeletal muscle. PLoS One 2015; 10:e0117520. [PMID: 25658432 PMCID: PMC4319954 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0117520] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/22/2014] [Accepted: 12/27/2014] [Indexed: 01/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Dexamethasone-induced muscle atrophy is due to an increase in protein breakdown and a decrease in protein synthesis, associated with an over-stimulation of the autophagy-lysosomal pathway. These effects are mediated by alterations in IGF-1 and PI3K/Akt signaling. In this study, we have investigated the effects of β-Hydroxy-β-methylbutyrate (HMB) on the regulation of autophagy and proteosomal systems. Rats were treated during 21 days with dexamethasone as a model of muscle atrophy. Co-administration of HMB attenuated the effects promoted by dexamethasone. HMB ameliorated the loss in body weight, lean mass and the reduction of the muscle fiber cross-sectional area (shrinkage) in gastrocnemius muscle. Consequently, HMB produced an improvement in muscle strength in the dexamethasone-treated rats. To elucidate the molecular mechanisms responsible for these effects, rat L6 myotubes were used. In these cells, HMB significantly attenuated lysosomal proteolysis induced by dexamethasone by normalizing the changes observed in autophagosome formation, LC3 II, p62 and Bnip3 expression after dexamethasone treatment. HMB effects were mediated by an increase in FoxO3a phosphorylation and concomitant decrease in FoxO transcriptional activity. The HMB effect was due to the restoration of Akt signaling diminished by dexamethasone treatment. Moreover, HMB was also involved in the regulation of the activity of ubiquitin and expression of MurF1 and Atrogin-1, components of the proteasome system that are activated or up-regulated by dexamethasone. In conclusion, in vivo and in vitro studies suggest that HMB exerts protective effects against dexamethasone-induced muscle atrophy by normalizing the Akt/FoxO axis that controls autophagy and ubiquitin proteolysis.
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Affiliation(s)
- María D. Girón
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology II, University of Granada, Granada, Spain
- * E-mail:
| | - Jose D. Vílchez
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology II, University of Granada, Granada, Spain
| | | | - Rafael Salto
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology II, University of Granada, Granada, Spain
| | | | - Elena Cabrera
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology II, University of Granada, Granada, Spain
| | | | - Neile K. Edens
- Abbott Nutrition R&D, Columbus, Ohio, United States of America
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Role of exercise therapy in prevention of decline in aging muscle function: glucocorticoid myopathy and unloading. J Aging Res 2012; 2012:172492. [PMID: 22778959 PMCID: PMC3385633 DOI: 10.1155/2012/172492] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/01/2011] [Accepted: 05/14/2012] [Indexed: 01/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Changes in skeletal muscle quantity and quality lead to disability in the aging population. Physiological changes in aging skeletal muscle are associated with a decline in mass, strength, and inability to maintain balance. Glucocorticoids, which are in wide exploitation in various clinical scenarios, lead to the loss of the myofibrillar apparatus, changes in the extracellular matrix, and a decrease in muscle strength and motor activity, particularly in the elderly. Exercise therapy has shown to be a useful tool for the prevention of different diseases, including glucocorticoid myopathy and muscle unloading in the elderly. The purpose of the paper is to discuss the possibilities of using exercise therapy in the prevention of glucocorticoid caused myopathy and unloading in the elderly and to describe relationships between the muscle contractile apparatus and the extracellular matrix in different types of aging muscles.
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20
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Muscle weakness in the elderly: role of sarcopenia, dynapenia, and possibilities for rehabilitation. Eur Rev Aging Phys Act 2012. [DOI: 10.1007/s11556-012-0102-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Abstract
Aging is a multifactorial process leading to changes in skeletal muscle quantity and quality, which cause muscle weakness and disability in the aging population. This paper discusses the reasons for muscle weakness—and its biological and physiological mechanisms—in the elderly and describes the role of sarcopenia and dynapenia, and the possibilities to modify the age-associated decline in muscle function and decelerate the development of muscle weakness and disability. Resistance and endurance training are effective measures of exercise therapy in the elderly, which improve muscle metabolism and thereby muscle function and life quality.
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Seene T, Kaasik P, Riso EM. Review on aging, unloading and reloading: Changes in skeletal muscle quantity and quality. Arch Gerontol Geriatr 2012; 54:374-80. [DOI: 10.1016/j.archger.2011.05.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/06/2010] [Revised: 05/04/2011] [Accepted: 05/05/2011] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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Duddy WJ, Cohen T, Duguez S, Partridge TA. The isolated muscle fibre as a model of disuse atrophy: characterization using PhAct, a method to quantify f-actin. Exp Cell Res 2011; 317:1979-93. [PMID: 21635888 DOI: 10.1016/j.yexcr.2011.05.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/18/2010] [Revised: 04/08/2011] [Accepted: 05/13/2011] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
Abstract
Research into muscle atrophy and hypertrophy is hampered by limitations of the available experimental models. Interpretation of in vivo experiments is confounded by the complexity of the environment while in vitro models are subject to the marked disparities between cultured myotubes and the mature myofibres of living tissues. Here we develop a method (PhAct) based on ex vivo maintenance of the isolated myofibre as a model of disuse atrophy, using standard microscopy equipment and widely available analysis software, to measure f-actin content per myofibre and per nucleus over two weeks of ex vivo maintenance. We characterize the 35% per week atrophy of the isolated myofibre in terms of early changes in gene expression and investigate the effects on loss of muscle mass of modulatory agents, including Myostatin and Follistatin. By tracing the incorporation of a nucleotide analogue we show that the observed atrophy is not associated with loss or replacement of myonuclei. Such a completely controlled investigation can be conducted with the myofibres of a single muscle. With this novel method we can distinguish those features and mechanisms of atrophy and hypertrophy that are intrinsic to the muscle fibre from those that include activities of other tissues and systemic agents.
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Affiliation(s)
- William J Duddy
- Center for Genetic Medicine, Children's Research Institute, Children's National Medical Center, Washington, DC, USA.
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23
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Barel M, Perez OAB, Giozzet VA, Rafacho A, Bosqueiro JR, do Amaral SL. Exercise training prevents hyperinsulinemia, muscular glycogen loss and muscle atrophy induced by dexamethasone treatment. Eur J Appl Physiol 2009; 108:999-1007. [DOI: 10.1007/s00421-009-1272-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 10/22/2009] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
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