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Stárka L, Hill M, Kolatorova L, Dušková M. Androst-5-ene-3β,7α/β,17β-triols, their plasma levels and dependence on the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis. Steroids 2018; 134:88-95. [PMID: 29477344 DOI: 10.1016/j.steroids.2018.02.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/23/2017] [Revised: 02/13/2018] [Accepted: 02/15/2018] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
Androst-5-ene-triols are metabolites of dehydroepiandrosterone, the most abundant steroid hormone in human circulation. Many observations in rodents have demonstrated the anti-inflammatory and immune modulating activity of 7β-hydroxy-androst-5-enes, and on the basis of these experiments androst-5-ene-3β,7β,17β-triol is considered as a potential agent in the treatment of autoimmune diseases. In contrast to the fairly abundant information on the levels and effects of androst-5-ene-triols in experimental animals and of their the pharmacological perspective, little is known about androst-5-ene-3β,7α/β,17β-triols circulating in human blood, their regulation by the hypothalamo-pituitary-adrenal axis, or their daily concentration variability. Here we provide some data on androst-5-ene-3β,7α/β,17β-triol concentrations under various conditions in men and women.
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Affiliation(s)
- Luboslav Stárka
- Institute of Endocrinology, Národní 8, 11694 Prague 1, Czech Republic.
| | - Martin Hill
- Institute of Endocrinology, Národní 8, 11694 Prague 1, Czech Republic.
| | - Lucie Kolatorova
- Institute of Endocrinology, Národní 8, 11694 Prague 1, Czech Republic.
| | - Michaela Dušková
- Institute of Endocrinology, Národní 8, 11694 Prague 1, Czech Republic.
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Acuña UM, Curley RW, Fatima N, Ahmed S, Chang LC, DE Blanco EJC. Differential Effect of Wortmannolone Derivatives on MDA-MB-231 Breast Cancer Cells. Anticancer Res 2017; 37:1617-1623. [PMID: 28373422 DOI: 10.21873/anticanres.11492] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/24/2017] [Revised: 03/13/2017] [Accepted: 03/14/2017] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND/AIM The survival rate of women diagnosed with triple-negative breast-cancer (TNBC) remains low. Hence, this study aimed at the chemical and biological optimization of furanosteroid derivatives for the treatment of this type of malignancy using TNBC cells. MATERIALS AND METHODS Semi-synthetic analogs of wortmannolone (1-6) that negatively affected the aberrant pathways in tumor cells were evaluated in hormone-independent breast cancer cells using western blot and cell-cycle analysis. RESULTS Wortmannolone derivatization generated NF-ĸB inhibitors as new lead structures for further development. Compound (3) was found to be the most significantly active lead. CONCLUSION Structure-activity analysis in the present study showed that acetylation of the hydroxyl groups and substitution on C3 and C17 of wortmannolone enhanced biological activity. Alpha-substitution of the acetyl group in C3 on ring A (compound 3) resulted in ROS inducing effect; however, presence of an acetyl group in β-position of C3 displayed the highest NF-ĸB p65 inhibitory activity (0.60 μM).
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Affiliation(s)
- Ulyana Munoz Acuña
- Division of Pharmacy Practice and Science, College of Pharmacy, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, U.S.A.,Division of Medicinal Chemistry and Pharmacognosy, College of Pharmacy, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, U.S.A
| | - Robert W Curley
- Division of Medicinal Chemistry and Pharmacognosy, College of Pharmacy, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, U.S.A
| | - Nighat Fatima
- Department of Biotechnology, Quaid-i-Azam University, Islamabad, Pakistan.,Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Daniel K. Inouye College of Pharmacy, University of Hawaii at Hilo, Hilo, HI, U.S.A
| | - Safia Ahmed
- Department of Microbiology, Quaid-i-Azam University, Islamabad, Pakistan
| | - Leng Chee Chang
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Daniel K. Inouye College of Pharmacy, University of Hawaii at Hilo, Hilo, HI, U.S.A
| | - Esperanza J Carcache DE Blanco
- Division of Pharmacy Practice and Science, College of Pharmacy, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, U.S.A. .,Division of Medicinal Chemistry and Pharmacognosy, College of Pharmacy, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, U.S.A
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Huang Y, Liu X, Zhao L, Li F, Xiong Z. Kidney tissue targeted metabolic profiling of glucocorticoid-induced osteoporosis and the proposed therapeutic effects of Rhizoma Drynariae studied using UHPLC/MS/MS. Biomed Chromatogr 2015; 28:878-84. [PMID: 24861758 DOI: 10.1002/bmc.3194] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/21/2023]
Abstract
Traditional Chinese medicine and modern science have indicated that there is a close relationship between bone and kidney. In light of this, this project was designed to study the metabolic profiling by UHPLC/MS/MS of glucocorticoid-induced osteoporosis in kidney tissue and the possible therapeutic effects of Rhizoma Drynariae (RD), a classic traditional Chinese medicine, in improving the kidney function and strengthening bone. Twenty-one Wistar rats were divided into three groups: control group (rats before prednisolone inducing), a model group (prednisolone-induced group) and a treatment group (prednisolone-induced rats that were then administered RD ethanol extracts). By using pattern recognition analysis, a significant change in the metabolic profile of kidney tissue samples was observed in the model group and restoration of the profile was observed after the administration of RD ethanol extracts. Some significantly changed biomarkers related to osteoporosis such as sphingolipids (C16 dihydrosphingosine, C18 dihydrosphingosine, C18 phytosphingosine, C20 phytosphingosine), lysophosphatidycholines (C16:0 LPC, C18:0 LPC) and phenylalanine were identified. As a complement to the metabolic profiling of RD in plasma, these biomarkers suggest that kidney damage, cell cytotoxicity and apoptosis exist in osteoporosis rats, which is helpful in further understanding the underlying process of glucocorticoid-induced osetoporosis and the suggested therapeutic effects of RD. The method shows that tissue target metabonomics might provide a powerful tool to further understand the process of disease and the mechanism of therapeutic effect of Chinese medicines.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yue Huang
- School of Pharmacy, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang, 110016, China
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Midzak A, Rammouz G, Papadopoulos V. Structure-activity relationship (SAR) analysis of a family of steroids acutely controlling steroidogenesis. Steroids 2012; 77:1327-34. [PMID: 22986075 DOI: 10.1016/j.steroids.2012.08.019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/28/2012] [Revised: 08/25/2012] [Accepted: 08/28/2012] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
Steroids metabolically derive from lipid cholesterol, and vertebrate steroids additionally derive from the steroid pregnenolone. Pregnenolone is derived from cholesterol by hydrolytic cleavage of the aliphatic tail by mitochondrial cytochrome P450 enzyme CYP11A1, located in the inner mitochondrial membrane. Delivery of cholesterol to CYP11A1 comprises the principal control step of steroidogenesis, and requires a series of proteins spanning the mitochondrial double membranes. A critical member of this cholesterol translocation machinery is the integral outer mitochondrial membrane translocator protein (18kDa, TSPO), a high-affinity drug- and cholesterol-binding protein. The cholesterol-binding site of TSPO consists of a phylogenetically conserved cholesterol recognition/interaction amino acid consensus (CRAC). Previous studies from our group identified 5-androsten-3β,17,19-triol (19-Atriol) as drug ligand for the TSPO CRAC motif inhibiting cholesterol binding to CRAC domain and steroidogenesis. To further understand 19-Atriol's mechanism of action as well as the molecular recognition by the TSPO CRAC motif, we undertook structure-activity relationship (SAR) analysis of the 19-Atriol molecule with a variety of substituted steroids oxygenated at positions around the steroid backbone. We found that in addition to steroids hydroxylated at carbon C19, hydroxylations at C4, C7, and C11 contributed to inhibition of cAMP-mediated steroidogenesis in a minimal steroidogenic cell model. However, only substituted steroids with C19 hydroxylations exhibited specificity to TSPO, its CRAC motif, and mitochondrial cholesterol transport, as the C4, C7, and C11 hydroxylated steroids inhibited the metabolic transformation of cholesterol by CYP11A1. We thus provide new insights into structure-activity relationships of steroids inhibiting mitochondrial cholesterol transport and steroidogenic cholesterol metabolic enzymes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrew Midzak
- The Research Institute of McGill University Health Centre, Department of Medicine, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
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El Kihel L. Oxidative metabolism of dehydroepiandrosterone (DHEA) and biologically active oxygenated metabolites of DHEA and epiandrosterone (EpiA)--recent reports. Steroids 2012; 77:10-26. [PMID: 22037250 DOI: 10.1016/j.steroids.2011.09.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/21/2011] [Revised: 09/14/2011] [Accepted: 09/18/2011] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
Dehydroepiandrosterone (DHEA) is a multifunctional steroid with a broad range of biological effects in humans and animals. DHEA can be converted to multiple oxygenated metabolites in the brain and peripheral tissues. The mechanisms by which DHEA exerts its effects are not well understood. However, evidence that the effects of DHEA are mediated by its oxygenated metabolites has accumulated. This paper will review the panel of oxygenated DHEA metabolites (7, 16 and 17-hydroxylated derivatives) including a number of 5α-androstane derivatives, such as epiandrosterone (EpiA) metabolites. The most important aspects of the oxidative metabolism of DHEA in the liver, intestine and brain are described. Then, this article reviews the reported biological effects of oxygenated DHEA metabolites from recent findings with a specific focus on cancer, inflammatory and immune processes, osteoporosis, thermogenesis, adipogenesis, the cardiovascular system, the brain and the estrogen and androgen receptors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Laïla El Kihel
- Université de Caen Basse-Normandie, UFR des Sciences Pharmaceutiques, Centre d'Etudes et de Recherche sur le Médicament de Normandie, UPRES EA-4258, FR CNRS INC3M, Caen, France.
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Loria R, Beckman M, Contaifer D, Tamariz F, Gibb D, Thompson L, Guida P. Beta androstenediol mitigates the damage of 1 GeV/n Fe ion particle radiation to the hematopoietic system. Cancer Biother Radiopharm 2011; 26:453-9. [PMID: 21790310 DOI: 10.1089/cbr.2010.0907] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Space exploration is associated with exposure to 1-3 Gy solar particle radiation and galactic cosmic radiation that could increase cancer rates. Effective nontoxic countermeasures to high linear energy transfer (LET) radiation exposure are highly desirable but currently not available. The aim was to determine whether a single subcutaneous injection of androstenediol (Δ(5) androsten-3β, 17β-diol [AED]) could mitigate and restore the mouse hematopoetic system from the radiation-mediated injury of 3 Gy whole-body high LET (56)Fe(26+) exposure. The findings show that postradiation AED treatment has an overall positive and significant beneficial effect to restore the levels of hematopoeitic elements (p<0.001). Androstenediol treatment significantly increased monocyte levels at days 4, 7, and 14 and, similarly, increased red blood cell, hemoglobin, and platelet counts. Flow cytometry analysis 14 days after radiation and AED treatment demonstrated an increase (p<0.05) in bone marrow cells counts. Ex vivo osteoclastogenesis studies show that AED treatment is necessary and advantageous for the development and restoration of osteoclastogenesis after radiation exposure. These findings clearly show that androstenediol functions as a countermeasure to remedy hematopoeitic injury mediated by high LET iron ion radiation. Presently, no other agent has been shown to have such properties.
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Affiliation(s)
- Roger Loria
- Department of Microbiology, Immunology, Virginia Commonwealth University, 1101 E. Marshal Street, Richmond, VA 23298-0678, USA.
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Malik AK, Khaldoyanidi S, Auci DL, Miller SC, Ahlem CN, Reading CL, Page T, Frincke JM. 5-Androstene-3β,7β,17β-triol (β-AET) slows thermal injury induced osteopenia in mice: relation to aging and osteoporosis. PLoS One 2010; 5:e13566. [PMID: 21042414 PMCID: PMC2958849 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0013566] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/15/2010] [Accepted: 09/24/2010] [Indexed: 01/06/2023] Open
Abstract
5-androstene-3β,7β,17β-triol (β-AET), an active metabolite of dehydroepiandrosterone (DHEA), reversed glucocorticoid (GC)-induced suppression of IL-6, IL-8 and osteoprotegerin production by human osteoblast-like MG-63 cells and promoted osteoblast differentiation of human mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs). In a murine thermal injury model that includes glucocorticoid-induced osteopenia, β-AET significantly (p<0.05) preserved bone mineral content, restored whole body bone mineral content and endochondral growth, suggesting reversal of GC-mediated decreases in chondrocyte proliferation, maturation and osteogenesis in the growth plate. In men and women, levels of β-AET decline with age, consistent with a role for β-AET relevant to diseases associated with aging. β-AET, related compounds or synthetic derivatives may be part of effective therapeutic strategies to accelerate tissue regeneration and prevent or treat diseases associated with aging such as osteoporosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ajay K. Malik
- Harbor Biosciences, Inc., San Diego, California, United States of America
| | - Sophia Khaldoyanidi
- Torrey Pines Institute for Molecular Studies, San Diego, California, United States of America
| | - Dominick L. Auci
- Harbor Biosciences, Inc., San Diego, California, United States of America
- * E-mail:
| | - Scott C. Miller
- Radiobiology Division, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, Utah, United States of America
| | - Clarence N. Ahlem
- Harbor Biosciences, Inc., San Diego, California, United States of America
| | | | - Theodore Page
- Harbor Biosciences, Inc., San Diego, California, United States of America
| | - James M. Frincke
- Harbor Biosciences, Inc., San Diego, California, United States of America
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