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Lei S, Cao W, Zeng Z, Wang L, Lan J, Chen T. Cynaroside Induces G1 Cell Cycle Arrest by Downregulating Cell Division Cycle 25A in Colorectal Cancer. Molecules 2024; 29:1508. [PMID: 38611789 PMCID: PMC11013184 DOI: 10.3390/molecules29071508] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/28/2023] [Revised: 03/09/2024] [Accepted: 03/22/2024] [Indexed: 04/14/2024] Open
Abstract
Natural chemicals derived from herbal plants have recently been recognized as potentially useful treatment alternatives owing to their ability to target a wide range of important biological molecules. Cynaroside is one of these natural compounds with promising anticancer activity for numerous tumor types. Nevertheless, the anticancer effects and molecular mechanisms of action of cynaroside on colorectal cancer (CRC) remain unclear. In this study, cynaroside was found to markedly inhibit CRC cell proliferation and colony formation in vitro. Cynaroside also inhibited cell proliferation in vivo and decreased the expression of KI67, a cell nuclear antigen. RNA sequencing revealed 144 differentially expressed genes (DEGs) in HCT116 cells and 493 DEGs in RKO cells that were enriched in the cell cycle signaling pathway. Cell division cycle 25A (CDC25A), a DEG widely enriched in the cell cycle signaling pathway, is considered a key target of cynaroside in CRC cells. Cynaroside also inhibited DNA replication and arrested cells in the G1/S phase in vitro. The expression levels of CDC25A and related G1-phase proteins were significantly elevated after CDC25A overexpression in CRC cells, which partially reversed the inhibitory effect of cynaroside on CRC cell proliferation and G1/S-phase arrest. In summary, cynaroside may be used to treat CRC as it inhibits CDC25A expression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shan Lei
- Department of Physiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang 550009, China; (S.L.); (Z.Z.); (L.W.); (J.L.)
- Transformation Engineering Research Center of Chronic Disease Diagnosis and Treatment, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang 550009, China
| | - Wenpeng Cao
- Department of Anatomy, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang 550009, China;
| | - Zhirui Zeng
- Department of Physiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang 550009, China; (S.L.); (Z.Z.); (L.W.); (J.L.)
- Transformation Engineering Research Center of Chronic Disease Diagnosis and Treatment, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang 550009, China
| | - Lu Wang
- Department of Physiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang 550009, China; (S.L.); (Z.Z.); (L.W.); (J.L.)
- Transformation Engineering Research Center of Chronic Disease Diagnosis and Treatment, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang 550009, China
| | - Jinzhi Lan
- Department of Physiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang 550009, China; (S.L.); (Z.Z.); (L.W.); (J.L.)
| | - Tengxiang Chen
- Department of Physiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang 550009, China; (S.L.); (Z.Z.); (L.W.); (J.L.)
- Transformation Engineering Research Center of Chronic Disease Diagnosis and Treatment, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang 550009, China
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Nguyen C, Saint-Pol J, Dib S, Pot C, Gosselet F. 25-Hydroxycholesterol in health and diseases. J Lipid Res 2024; 65:100486. [PMID: 38104944 PMCID: PMC10823077 DOI: 10.1016/j.jlr.2023.100486] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/11/2023] [Revised: 12/02/2023] [Accepted: 12/11/2023] [Indexed: 12/19/2023] Open
Abstract
Cholesterol is an essential structural component of all membranes of mammalian cells where it plays a fundamental role not only in cellular architecture, but also, for example, in signaling pathway transduction, endocytosis process, receptor functioning and recycling, or cytoskeleton remodeling. Consequently, intracellular cholesterol concentrations are tightly regulated by complex processes, including cholesterol synthesis, uptake from circulating lipoproteins, lipid transfer to these lipoproteins, esterification, and metabolization into oxysterols that are intermediates for bile acids. Oxysterols have been considered for long time as sterol waste products, but a large body of evidence has clearly demonstrated that they play key roles in central nervous system functioning, immune cell response, cell death, or migration and are involved in age-related diseases, cancers, autoimmunity, or neurological disorders. Among all the existing oxysterols, this review summarizes basic as well as recent knowledge on 25-hydroxycholesterol which is mainly produced during inflammatory or infectious situations and that in turn contributes to immune response, central nervous system disorders, atherosclerosis, macular degeneration, or cancer development. Effects of its metabolite 7α,25-dihydroxycholesterol are also presented and discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cindy Nguyen
- UR 2465, Laboratoire de la Barrière Hémato-Encéphalique (LBHE), Univ. Artois, Lens, France
| | - Julien Saint-Pol
- UR 2465, Laboratoire de la Barrière Hémato-Encéphalique (LBHE), Univ. Artois, Lens, France
| | - Shiraz Dib
- UR 2465, Laboratoire de la Barrière Hémato-Encéphalique (LBHE), Univ. Artois, Lens, France
| | - Caroline Pot
- Department of Clinical Neurosciences, Laboratories of Neuroimmunology, Service of Neurology and Neuroscience Research Center, Lausanne University Hospital and University of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Fabien Gosselet
- UR 2465, Laboratoire de la Barrière Hémato-Encéphalique (LBHE), Univ. Artois, Lens, France.
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Noh JM, Choi SC, Song MH, Kim KS, Jun S, Park JH, Kim JH, Kim K, Ko TH, Choi JI, Gim JA, Kim JH, Jang Y, Park Y, Na JE, Rhyu IJ, Lim DS. The Activation of the LIMK/Cofilin Signaling Pathway via Extracellular Matrix-Integrin Interactions Is Critical for the Generation of Mature and Vascularized Cardiac Organoids. Cells 2023; 12:2029. [PMID: 37626839 PMCID: PMC10453200 DOI: 10.3390/cells12162029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/05/2023] [Revised: 08/02/2023] [Accepted: 08/08/2023] [Indexed: 08/27/2023] Open
Abstract
The generation of mature and vascularized human pluripotent stem cell-derived cardiac organoids (hPSC-COs) is necessary to ensure the validity of drug screening and disease modeling. This study investigates the effects of cellular aggregate (CA) stemness and self-organization on the generation of mature and vascularized hPSC-COs and elucidates the mechanisms underlying cardiac organoid (CO) maturation and vascularization. COs derived from 2-day-old CAs with high stemness (H-COs) and COs derived from 5-day-old CAs with low stemness (L-COs) were generated in a self-organized microenvironment via Wnt signaling induction. This study finds that H-COs exhibit ventricular, structural, metabolic, and functional cardiomyocyte maturation and vessel networks consisting of endothelial cells, smooth muscle cells, pericytes, and basement membranes compared to L-COs. Transcriptional profiling shows the upregulation of genes associated with cardiac maturation and vessel formation in H-COs compared with the genes in L-COs. Through experiments with LIMK inhibitors, the activation of ROCK-LIMK-pCofilin via ECM-integrin interactions leads to cardiomyocyte maturation and vessel formation in H-COs. Furthermore, the LIMK/Cofilin signaling pathway induces TGFβ/NODAL and PDGF pathway activation for the maturation and vascularization of H-COs. The study demonstrates for the first time that LIMK/Cofilin axis activation plays an important role in the generation of mature and vascularized COs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ji-Min Noh
- Department of Cardiology, Cardiovascular Center, College of Medicine, Korea University, 73, Goryeodae-ro, Seongbuk-gu, Seoul 02841, Republic of Korea; (J.-M.N.); (S.-C.C.); (M.-H.S.); (K.S.K.); (S.J.); (J.H.P.); (J.H.K.)
| | - Seung-Cheol Choi
- Department of Cardiology, Cardiovascular Center, College of Medicine, Korea University, 73, Goryeodae-ro, Seongbuk-gu, Seoul 02841, Republic of Korea; (J.-M.N.); (S.-C.C.); (M.-H.S.); (K.S.K.); (S.J.); (J.H.P.); (J.H.K.)
- R&D Center for Companion Diagnostic, SOL Bio Corporation, Suite 510, 27, Seongsui-ro7-gil, Seongdong-gu, Seoul 04780, Republic of Korea
| | - Myeong-Hwa Song
- Department of Cardiology, Cardiovascular Center, College of Medicine, Korea University, 73, Goryeodae-ro, Seongbuk-gu, Seoul 02841, Republic of Korea; (J.-M.N.); (S.-C.C.); (M.-H.S.); (K.S.K.); (S.J.); (J.H.P.); (J.H.K.)
| | - Kyung Seob Kim
- Department of Cardiology, Cardiovascular Center, College of Medicine, Korea University, 73, Goryeodae-ro, Seongbuk-gu, Seoul 02841, Republic of Korea; (J.-M.N.); (S.-C.C.); (M.-H.S.); (K.S.K.); (S.J.); (J.H.P.); (J.H.K.)
| | - Seongmin Jun
- Department of Cardiology, Cardiovascular Center, College of Medicine, Korea University, 73, Goryeodae-ro, Seongbuk-gu, Seoul 02841, Republic of Korea; (J.-M.N.); (S.-C.C.); (M.-H.S.); (K.S.K.); (S.J.); (J.H.P.); (J.H.K.)
| | - Jae Hyoung Park
- Department of Cardiology, Cardiovascular Center, College of Medicine, Korea University, 73, Goryeodae-ro, Seongbuk-gu, Seoul 02841, Republic of Korea; (J.-M.N.); (S.-C.C.); (M.-H.S.); (K.S.K.); (S.J.); (J.H.P.); (J.H.K.)
| | - Ju Hyeon Kim
- Department of Cardiology, Cardiovascular Center, College of Medicine, Korea University, 73, Goryeodae-ro, Seongbuk-gu, Seoul 02841, Republic of Korea; (J.-M.N.); (S.-C.C.); (M.-H.S.); (K.S.K.); (S.J.); (J.H.P.); (J.H.K.)
| | - Kyoungmi Kim
- Department of Physiology, College of Medicine, Korea University, 73, Goryeodae-ro, Seongbuk-gu, Seoul 02841, Republic of Korea;
| | - Tae Hee Ko
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Internal Medicine, Anam Hospital, College of Medicine, Korea University, 73, Goryeodae-ro, Seongbuk-gu, Seoul 02841, Republic of Korea; (T.H.K.); (J.-I.C.)
| | - Jong-Il Choi
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Internal Medicine, Anam Hospital, College of Medicine, Korea University, 73, Goryeodae-ro, Seongbuk-gu, Seoul 02841, Republic of Korea; (T.H.K.); (J.-I.C.)
| | - Jeong-An Gim
- Medical Science Research Center, Korea University Guro Hospital, 148, Gurodong-ro, Guro-gu, Seoul 08308, Republic of Korea;
| | - Jong-Hoon Kim
- Laboratory of Stem Cells and Tissue Regeneration, Department of Biotechnology, College of Life Sciences and Biotechnology, Korea University, Seoul 02841, Republic of Korea;
| | - Yongjun Jang
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, College of Medicine, Korea University, 145 Anam-ro, Seongbuk-gu, Seoul 02841, Republic of Korea; (Y.J.); (Y.P.)
| | - Yongdoo Park
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, College of Medicine, Korea University, 145 Anam-ro, Seongbuk-gu, Seoul 02841, Republic of Korea; (Y.J.); (Y.P.)
| | - Ji Eun Na
- Department of Anatomy College of Medicine, Korea University, 73, Goryeodae-ro, Seongbuk-gu, Seoul 02841, Republic of Korea; (J.E.N.); (I.J.R.)
| | - Im Joo Rhyu
- Department of Anatomy College of Medicine, Korea University, 73, Goryeodae-ro, Seongbuk-gu, Seoul 02841, Republic of Korea; (J.E.N.); (I.J.R.)
| | - Do-Sun Lim
- Department of Cardiology, Cardiovascular Center, College of Medicine, Korea University, 73, Goryeodae-ro, Seongbuk-gu, Seoul 02841, Republic of Korea; (J.-M.N.); (S.-C.C.); (M.-H.S.); (K.S.K.); (S.J.); (J.H.P.); (J.H.K.)
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Ejam SS, Saleh RO, Catalan Opulencia MJ, Najm MA, Makhmudova A, Jalil AT, Abdelbasset WK, Al-Gazally ME, Hammid AT, Mustafa YF, Sergeevna SE, Karampoor S, Mirzaei R. Pathogenic role of 25-hydroxycholesterol in cancer development and progression. Future Oncol 2022; 18:4415-4442. [PMID: 36651359 DOI: 10.2217/fon-2022-0819] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/19/2023] Open
Abstract
Cholesterol is an essential lipid that serves several important functions, including maintaining the homeostasis of cells, acting as a precursor to bile acid and steroid hormones and preserving the stability of membrane lipid rafts. 25-hydroxycholesterol (25-HC) is a cholesterol derivative that may be formed from cholesterol. 25-HC is a crucial component in various biological activities, including cholesterol metabolism. In recent years, growing evidence has shown that 25-HC performs a critical function in the etiology of cancer, infectious diseases and autoimmune disorders. This review will summarize the latest findings regarding 25-HC, including its biogenesis, immunomodulatory properties and role in innate/adaptive immunity, inflammation and the development of various types of cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Raed Obaid Saleh
- Department of Pharmacy, Al-Maarif University College, Al-Anbar, Iraq
| | | | - Mazin Aa Najm
- Pharmaceutical Chemistry Department, College of Pharmacy, Al-Ayen University, Thi-Qar, Iraq
| | - Aziza Makhmudova
- Department of Social Sciences & Humanities, Samarkand State Medical Institute, Samarkand, Uzbekistan
- Department of Scientific Affairs, Tashkent State Dental Institute, Makhtumkuli Street 103, Tashkent, 100047, Uzbekistan
| | - Abduladheem Turki Jalil
- Medical Laboratories Techniques Department, Al-Mustaqbal University College, Babylon, Hilla, 51001, Iraq
| | - Walid Kamal Abdelbasset
- Department of Health & Rehabilitation Sciences, College of Applied Medical Sciences, Prince Sattam bin Abdulaziz University, Al Kharj, Saudi Arabia
- Department of Physical Therapy, Kasr Al-Aini Hospital, Cairo University, Giza, Egypt
| | | | - Ali Thaeer Hammid
- Computer Engineering Techniques Department, Faculty of Information Technology, Imam Ja'afar Al-Sadiq University, Baghdad, Iraq
| | - Yasser Fakri Mustafa
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, College of Pharmacy, University of Mosul, Mosul, 41001, Iraq
| | - Sergushina Elena Sergeevna
- National Research Ogarev Mordovia State University, 68 Bolshevitskaya Street, Republic of Mordovia, Saransk, 430005, Russia
| | - Sajad Karampoor
- Gastrointestinal & Liver Diseases Research Center, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Rasoul Mirzaei
- Venom & Biotherapeutics Molecules Lab, Medical Biotechnology Department, Biotechnology Research Center, Pasteur Institute of Iran, Tehran, Iran
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