Effect of presence of benzene ring in surfactant hydrophobic chain on the transformation towards one dimensional aggregate

Physicochemical Properties and Release Study of Antimetabolite-Incorporated Stearoyl Chitosan

Stearoyl chitosan (SC), derived from the acylation of chitosan, contributes to the efficiency of drug delivery systems because of its structure, which accommodates the drug in a particle. Nonetheless, its role in chemotherapy has been largely unexplored. The present study involves the synthesis of stearoyl chitosan through the reaction of depolymerized chitosan with stearoyl chloride under mild reaction conditions. The resulting compound was subjected to structural analysis utilizing Fourier-transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy, 1H NMR, and X-ray diffraction (XRD) spectroscopy. The dispersion of SC molecules in phosphate-buffered saline (PBS) forms SC nanoparticles. The best dispersion of SC in the solution was achieved at a 1:60 chitosan-to-stearoyl chloride weight ratio. Three antimetabolite drugs, methotrexate, pemetrexed, and raltitrexed, were selected to examine the loading efficacy of SC. Pemetrexed had the highest drug-loading value of 36.8% among the three antimetabolites incorporated into SC, along with an encapsulation efficiency of 85.1%. The size of SC loaded with antimetabolites ranged from 225 to 369 nm, and their spherical form was verified via a transmission electron microscope. The in vitro release study showed that SC demonstrated controlled drug release, suggesting that SC nanoparticles have significant promise as a delivery strategy for chemotherapy.

Synthesis, surface activities, and aggregation behavior of phenyl-containing carboxybetaine surfactants

A novel series of carboxybetaine surfactants were synthesized for the first time and their physicochemical properties were systematically investigated.

Synergistic effect of pH-responsive wormlike micelles based on a simple amphiphile

Imagine a novel solution that can be switched reversibly from low viscosity to high viscosity with only one additive, upon different commands. To this end, we have developed a simple and effective route to form smart, multi-response wormlike micelles based on a synthesized surfactant, N-cetyl-N,N-diisopropanolammonium bromide (CDIAB). Moreover, we provide new insight into the effects of synergy on this smart wormlike micelle. Rheological measurements were used to study the morphology of the wormlike micelles; (1)H NMR spectroscopy and density functional theory (DFT) calculations were employed to investigate the molecular arrangements and mechanism of the synergy involved in the reversible reactions of pH-response and CO2-response of the micelles in solution. Based on the abovementioned results, it is encouraging to discover that binding energy and electrostatic interaction are the basic driving forces in the formation of wormlike micelles. Moreover, stable viscoelastic behavior was observed in the CDIAB system, with strong binding energy and electrostatic interactions. It is highly anticipated that the synergy observed in this surfactant will be of particular interest due to its novel mechanism and unique properties.