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Biernat K, Kuciel N, Mazurek J, Hap K. Is It Possible to Train the Endothelium?-A Narrative Literature Review. Life (Basel) 2024; 14:616. [PMID: 38792637 PMCID: PMC11121998 DOI: 10.3390/life14050616] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/22/2024] [Revised: 05/03/2024] [Accepted: 05/04/2024] [Indexed: 05/26/2024] Open
Abstract
This review provides an overview of current knowledge regarding the adaptive effects of physical training on the endothelium. The endothelium plays a crucial role in maintaining the health of vessel walls and regulating vascular tone, structure, and homeostasis. Regular exercise, known for its promotion of cardiovascular health, can enhance endothelial function through various mechanisms. The specific health benefits derived from exercise are contingent upon the type and intensity of physical training. The review examines current clinical evidence supporting exercise's protective effects on the vascular endothelium and identifies potential therapeutic targets for endothelial dysfunction. There is an urgent need to develop preventive strategies and gain a deeper understanding of the distinct impacts of exercise on the endothelium.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Natalia Kuciel
- University Rehabilitation Centre, Wroclaw Medical University, 50-367 Wroclaw, Poland; (K.B.); (J.M.); (K.H.)
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2
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Besqueut‐Rougerie C, Chavanelle V, Michaux A, Otero YF, Sirvent P, King JA, Ennequin G. Voluntary exercise fails to prevent metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease progression in male rats fed a high-fat high-cholesterol diet. Physiol Rep 2024; 12:e15993. [PMID: 38627215 PMCID: PMC11021195 DOI: 10.14814/phy2.15993] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2023] [Revised: 03/20/2024] [Accepted: 03/20/2024] [Indexed: 04/19/2024] Open
Abstract
Metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease (MASLD) is a major public health issue with a worldwide prevalence of 30%-32%. In animal models, voluntary exercise may be an alternative to forced physical activity, avoiding stress, potential injuries, and being logistically simpler. Here, we assessed voluntary exercise (Vex) in Sprague-Dawley rats fed a high-fat, high-cholesterol diet for 18 weeks to induce MASLD. We quantified workload (speed and distance) using exercise wheels and evaluated energy expenditure using calorimetric cages. MASLD progression was assessed using circulating and hepatic biochemical and gene markers of steatosis, inflammation, and fibrosis. The animals ran an average of 301 km during the study period, with the average daily distance peaking at 4937 m/day during Weeks 3-4 before decreasing to 757 m/day by the end of the study. Rats exposed to Vex showed no improvement in any of the MASLD-associated features, such as steatosis, inflammation, or fibrosis. Rats exposed to Vex exhibited a higher total energy expenditure during the night phase (+0.35 kcal/h; p = 0.003) without resulting in any effect on body composition. We conclude that, in our experimental conditions, Vex failed to prevent MASLD progression in male Sprague-Dawley rats exposed to a high-fat high-cholesterol diet for 18 weeks.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | - James A. King
- School of Sport, Exercise and Health SciencesLoughborough UniversityLeicestershireUK
| | - Gaël Ennequin
- Laboratory of the Metabolic Adaptations to Exercise Under Physiological and Pathological Conditions (AME2P), CRNH Auvergne, Chaire Santé en MouvementClermont Auvergne UniversityClermont‐FerrandFrance
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3
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Zhang L, Chen Y, Fan Y, Shi L. Treadmill exercise pretreatment ameliorated structural synaptic plasticity impairments of medial prefrontal cortex in vascular dementia rat and improved recognition memory. Sci Rep 2024; 14:7116. [PMID: 38531892 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-024-57080-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/03/2023] [Accepted: 03/14/2024] [Indexed: 03/28/2024] Open
Abstract
This study aimed to investigate structural synaptic plasticity in the medial prefrontal cortex of rats under treadmill exercise pretreatment or naive conditions in a vascular dementia model, followed by recognition memory performance in a novel object recognition task. In this study, 24 Sprague-Dawley rats were obtained and randomly assigned into 4 groups as follows: control group (Con group, n = 6), vascular dementia (VD group, n = 6), exercise and vascular dementia group (Exe + VD group, n = 6), and exercise group (Exe group, n = 6). Initially, 4 weeks of treadmill exercise intervention was administered to the rats in the Exe + VD and Exe groups. Then, to establish the vascular dementia model, the rats both in the VD and Exe + VD groups were subjected to bilateral common carotids arteries surgery. One week later, open-field task and novel recognition memory task were adopted to evaluate anxiety-like behavior and recognition memory in each group. Then, immunofluorescence and Golgi staining were used to evaluate neuronal number and spine density in the rat medial prefrontal cortex. Transmission electron microscopy was used to observe the synaptic ultrastructure. Finally, microdialysis coupled with high-performance liquid chromatography was used to assess the levels of 5-HT and dopamine in the medial prefrontal cortex. The behavior results showed that 4 weeks of treadmill exercise pretreatment significantly alleviated recognition memory impairment and anxiety-like behavior in VD rats (P < 0.01), while the rats in VD group exhibited impaired recognition memory and anxiety-like behavior when compared with the Con group (P < 0.001). Additionally, NeuN immunostaining results revealed a significant decrease of NeuN-marked neuron in the VD group compared to Con group (P < 0.01), but a significantly increase in this molecular marker was found in the Exe + VD group compared to the Con group (P < 0.01). Golgi staining results showed that the medial prefrontal cortex neurons in the VD group displayed fewer dendritic spines than those in the Con group (P < 0.01), and there were more spines on the dendrites of medial prefrontal cortex cells in Exe + VD rats than in VD rats (P < 0.01). Transmission electron microscopy further revealed that there was a significant reduction of synapses intensity in the medial prefrontal cortex of rats in the VD group when compared with the Con group(P < 0.01), but physical exercise was found to significantly increased synapses intensity in the VD model (P < 0.01). Lastly, the levels of dopamine and 5-HT in the medial prefrontal cortex of rats in the VD group was significantly lower compared to the Con group (P < 0.01), and treadmill exercise was shown to significantly increased the levels of dopamine and 5-HT in the VD rats (P < 0.05). Treadmill exercise pretreatment ameliorated structural synaptic plasticity impairments of medial prefrontal cortex in VD rat and improved recognition memory.
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Affiliation(s)
- Linlin Zhang
- Department of Physical Education, Henan Normal University, Xinxiang, 453007, China
| | - Yuanyuan Chen
- Department of Psychology and Education, Shantou Polytechnic, Shantou, 515071, China
| | - Yongzhao Fan
- Department of Physical Education, Henan Normal University, Xinxiang, 453007, China
| | - Lin Shi
- Department of Physical Education and Sport, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai, 201306, China.
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Sahin K, Orhan C, Ozdemir O, Tuzcu M, Sahin N, Ojalvo SP, Komorowski JR. Effects of Whey Protein Combined with Amylopectin/Chromium on the Muscle Protein Synthesis and mTOR Phosphorylation in Exercised Rats. Biol Trace Elem Res 2024; 202:1031-1040. [PMID: 37341874 DOI: 10.1007/s12011-023-03732-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/04/2023] [Accepted: 06/13/2023] [Indexed: 06/22/2023]
Abstract
This study aimed to examine the impact of varying doses of whey protein (WP) and amylopectin/chromium complex (ACr) supplementation on muscle protein synthesis (MPS), amino acid and insulin levels, and the rapamycin (mTOR) signaling pathways in exercised rats. A total of 72 rats were randomly divided into nine groups: (1) Exercise (Ex), (2) Ex + WPI to (5) Ex + WPIV with various oral doses of whey protein (0.465, 1.55, 2.33, and 3.1 g/kg) and (6) Ex + WPI + ACr to (9) Ex + WPIV + ACr with various doses of whey protein combined with 0.155 g/kg ACr. On the day of single-dose administration, the products were given by oral gavage after exercise. To measure the protein fractional synthesis rate (FSR), a bolus dose of deuterium-labeled phenylalanine was given, and its effects were evaluated 1 h after supplementation. Rats that received 3.1 g/kg of whey protein (WP) combined with ACr exhibited the most significant increase in muscle protein synthesis (MPS) compared to the Ex group (115.7%, p < 0.0001). In comparison to rats that received the same dose of WP alone, those given the combination of WP and ACr at the same dosage showed a 14.3% increase in MPS (p < 0.0001). Furthermore, the WP (3.1 g/kg) + ACr group exhibited the highest elevation in serum insulin levels when compared to the Ex group (111.9%, p < 0.0001). Among the different groups, the WP (2.33 g/kg) + ACr group demonstrated the greatest increase in mTOR levels (224.2%, p < 0.0001). Additionally, the combination of WP (2.33 g/kg) and ACr resulted in a 169.8% increase in 4E-BP1 levels (p < 0.0001), while S6K1 levels rose by 141.2% in the WP (2.33 g/kg) + ACr group (p < 0.0001). Overall, supplementation with various doses of WP combined with ACr increased MPS and enhanced the mTOR signaling pathway compared to WP alone and the Ex group.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kazim Sahin
- Department of Animal Nutrition, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Firat University, Elazig, 23119, Turkey.
| | - Cemal Orhan
- Department of Animal Nutrition, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Firat University, Elazig, 23119, Turkey
| | - Oguzhan Ozdemir
- Technical Sciences, Vocational School, Department of Veterinary Science, Batman University, Batman, 72000, Turkey
| | - Mehmet Tuzcu
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, Firat University, Elazig, 23119, Turkey
| | - Nurhan Sahin
- Department of Animal Nutrition, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Firat University, Elazig, 23119, Turkey
| | - Sara Perez Ojalvo
- Research and Development Department, Nutrition 21 LLC, Purchase, NY, 10577, USA
| | - James R Komorowski
- Research and Development Department, Nutrition 21 LLC, Purchase, NY, 10577, USA
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Hao F, Tian M, Wang H, Li S, Wang X, Jin X, Wang Y, Jiao Y, Tian M. Exercise-induced β-hydroxybutyrate promotes Treg cell differentiation to ameliorate colitis in mice. FASEB J 2024; 38:e23487. [PMID: 38345808 DOI: 10.1096/fj.202301686rr] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/21/2023] [Revised: 01/21/2024] [Accepted: 01/30/2024] [Indexed: 02/15/2024]
Abstract
Increasing attention is being paid to the mechanistic investigation of exercise-associated chronic inflammatory disease improvement. Ulcerative colitis (UC) is one type of chronic inflammatory bowel disease with increasing incidence and prevalence worldwide. It is known that regular moderate aerobic exercise (RMAE) reduces the incidence or risk of UC, and attenuates disease progression in UC patients. However, the mechanisms of this RMAE's benefit are still under investigation. Here, we revealed that β-hydroxybutyrate (β-HB), a metabolite upon prolonged aerobic exercise, could contribute to RMAE preconditioning in retarding dextran sulfate sodium (DSS)-induced mouse colitis. When blocking β-HB production, RMAE preconditioning-induced colitis amelioration was compromised, whereas supplementation of β-HB significantly rescued impaired β-HB production-associated defects. Meanwhile, we found that RMAE preconditioning significantly caused decreased colonic Th17/Treg ratio, which is considered to be important for colitis mitigation; and the downregulated Th17/Treg ratio was associated with β-HB. We further demonstrated that β-HB can directly promote the differentiation of Treg cell rather than inhibit Th17 cell generation. Furthermore, β-HB increased forkhead box protein P3 (Foxp3) expression, the core transcriptional factor for Treg cell, by enhancing histone H3 acetylation in the promoter and conserved noncoding sequences of the Foxp3 locus. In addition, fatty acid oxidation, the key metabolic pathway required for Treg cell differentiation, was enhanced by β-HB treatment. Lastly, administration of β-HB without exercise significantly boosted colonic Treg cell and alleviated colitis in mice. Together, we unveiled a previously unappreciated role for exercise metabolite β-HB in the promotion of Treg cell generation and RMAE preconditioning-associated colitis attenuation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fengqi Hao
- School of Physical Education, Northeast Normal University, Changchun, Jilin, China
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Epigenetics of the Ministry of Education (MOE), Northeast Normal University, Changchun, Jilin, China
| | - Miaomiao Tian
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Epigenetics of the Ministry of Education (MOE), Northeast Normal University, Changchun, Jilin, China
| | - Huiyue Wang
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Epigenetics of the Ministry of Education (MOE), Northeast Normal University, Changchun, Jilin, China
| | - Shuo Li
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Epigenetics of the Ministry of Education (MOE), Northeast Normal University, Changchun, Jilin, China
| | - Xinyu Wang
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Epigenetics of the Ministry of Education (MOE), Northeast Normal University, Changchun, Jilin, China
| | - Xin Jin
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Epigenetics of the Ministry of Education (MOE), Northeast Normal University, Changchun, Jilin, China
| | - Yang Wang
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Epigenetics of the Ministry of Education (MOE), Northeast Normal University, Changchun, Jilin, China
| | - Yang Jiao
- School of Physical Education, Northeast Normal University, Changchun, Jilin, China
| | - Meihong Tian
- School of Physical Education, Northeast Normal University, Changchun, Jilin, China
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Yu S, Liu L, Li M, He S, Hu Y, Sun S, Yan Y, Zhao F, Cheng X, Li J, Gao F, Liu Y, Zhang X. Swimming behavior indicates stress and adaptations to exercise. Front Physiol 2024; 15:1357120. [PMID: 38468702 PMCID: PMC10925659 DOI: 10.3389/fphys.2024.1357120] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/17/2023] [Accepted: 02/02/2024] [Indexed: 03/13/2024] Open
Abstract
Introduction: Behaviors of swimming rodents are not uniform, exhibiting large variations, which may underlie the individual differences in swimming exercise-induced benefits. The study aimed to monitor individualized swimming behavior and evaluate its biological significance. Methods: A swimming tank which can monitor individualized rodent swimming behavior during exercise was established. A total of 45 mice were subjected to swimming training for 1 month (1 h per day) and the swimming behaviors of each mouse were recorded. Results: The swimming behaviors of mice displayed considerable variations in aspects of distance, velocity, and area preference. For example, nearly one-third of mice preferred to swim in central area and most of the mice exhibited an even area distribution. Long-term exercise training improved cardiac systolic function and decreased blood pressure in mice, but hardly changed swimming behaviors. Analyses of the relationship between swimming behavior and cardiovascular adaptations to exercise training revealed that swimming behavior indicated the biological effects of swimming training. Specifically, mice which preferred swimming at the central zone or were trainable in behavior during 1-month training exhibited better outcomes in cardiac function and blood pressure post long-term exercise. Mechanistically, a centralized swimming behavior indicated a smaller stress during exercise, as evidenced by a milder activation of hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis. Discussion: These results suggest that swimming behavior during training indicates individualized adaptations to long-term exercise, and highlight a biological significance of swimming behavior monitoring in animal studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sen Yu
- Key Laboratory of Ministry of Education, School of Aerospace Medicine, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi’an, China
| | - Lantao Liu
- Department of Medical Electronics, School of Biomedical Engineering, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi’an, China
| | - Min Li
- Key Laboratory of Ministry of Education, School of Aerospace Medicine, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi’an, China
| | - Siyan He
- Chengdu Techman Software Co., Ltd., Chengdu, China
| | - Yang Hu
- Key Laboratory of Ministry of Education, School of Aerospace Medicine, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi’an, China
| | - Shichao Sun
- Key Laboratory of Ministry of Education, School of Aerospace Medicine, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi’an, China
| | - Yizhen Yan
- Key Laboratory of Ministry of Education, School of Aerospace Medicine, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi’an, China
| | - Fangfang Zhao
- Key Laboratory of Ministry of Education, School of Aerospace Medicine, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi’an, China
| | | | - Jia Li
- Key Laboratory of Ministry of Education, School of Aerospace Medicine, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi’an, China
| | - Feng Gao
- Key Laboratory of Ministry of Education, School of Aerospace Medicine, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi’an, China
| | - Yong Liu
- Key Laboratory of Ministry of Education, School of Aerospace Medicine, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi’an, China
| | - Xing Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Ministry of Education, School of Aerospace Medicine, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi’an, China
- Department of Rehabilitation, Air Force Medical Center, Beijing, China
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7
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Sun H, Zhang Y, Shi L. Advances in exercise-induced vascular adaptation: mechanisms, models, and methods. Front Bioeng Biotechnol 2024; 12:1370234. [PMID: 38456010 PMCID: PMC10917942 DOI: 10.3389/fbioe.2024.1370234] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/14/2024] [Accepted: 02/12/2024] [Indexed: 03/09/2024] Open
Abstract
Insufficient physical activity poses a significant risk factor for cardiovascular diseases. Exercise plays a crucial role in influencing the vascular system and is essential for maintaining vascular health. Hemodynamic stimuli generated by exercise, such as shear stress and circumferential stress, directly impact vascular structure and function, resulting in adaptive changes. In clinical settings, incorporating appropriate exercise interventions has become a powerful supplementary approach for treating and rehabilitating various cardiovascular conditions. However, existing models for studying exercise-induced vascular adaptation primarily rely on in vivo animal and in vitro cellular models, each with its inherent limitations. In contrast, human research faces challenges in conducting mechanistic analyses due to ethics issues. Therefore, it is imperative to develop highly biomimetic in vitro/ex vivo vascular models that can replicate exercise stimuli in human systems. Utilizing various vascular assessment techniques is also crucial to comprehensively evaluate the effects of exercise on the vasculature and uncover the molecular mechanisms that promote vascular health. This article reviews the hemodynamic mechanisms that underlie exercise-induced vascular adaptation. It explores the advancements in current vascular models and measurement techniques, while addressing their future development and challenges. The overarching goal is to unravel the molecular mechanisms that drive the positive effects of exercise on the cardiovascular system. By providing a scientific rationale and offering novel perspectives, the aim is to contribute to the formulation of precise cardiovascular rehabilitation exercise prescriptions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hualing Sun
- Department of Exercise Physiology, Beijing Sport University, Beijing, China
| | - Yanyan Zhang
- Department of Exercise Physiology, Beijing Sport University, Beijing, China
- Laboratory of Sports Stress and Adaptation of General Administration of Sport, Beijing Sport University, Beijing, China
- Key Laboratory of Physical Fitness and Exercise, Ministry of Education, Beijing Sport University, Beijing, China
| | - Lijun Shi
- Department of Exercise Physiology, Beijing Sport University, Beijing, China
- Laboratory of Sports Stress and Adaptation of General Administration of Sport, Beijing Sport University, Beijing, China
- Key Laboratory of Physical Fitness and Exercise, Ministry of Education, Beijing Sport University, Beijing, China
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Lotfi A, Abbasi M, Karami N, Arghavanfar H, Kazeminasab F, Rosenkranz SK. Effects of treadmill training on myelin proteomic markers and cerebellum morphology in a rat model of cuprizone-induced toxic demyelination. J Neuroimmunol 2024; 387:578286. [PMID: 38215583 DOI: 10.1016/j.jneuroim.2024.578286] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/24/2023] [Revised: 01/05/2024] [Accepted: 01/06/2024] [Indexed: 01/14/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Multiple sclerosis (MS) is the most common demyelinating disease of the central nervous system (CNS). If demyelination is persistent, it will result in irreversible axonal injury and loss. The purpose of the current study was to investigate the effects of treadmill training on myelin proteomic markers and cerebellum morphology in a rat model of cuprizone-induced toxic demyelination. METHODS Thirty male rats were randomly assigned to five groups (n = 6 per group), consisting of a healthy control group (Control), a cuprizone (CPZ) group, and three exercise training groups: exercise training before and during the CPZ administration (EX-CPZ-EX), exercise training before the CPZ administration (EX-CPZ), and exercise training during the CPZ administration (CPZ-EX). A rat model of CPZ-induced toxic demyelination consisted of feeding the rats cuprizone pellets (0.2%) for 6 weeks. All exercise groups performed a treadmill training protocol 5 days/week for 6 weeks. Levels of Myelin proteolipid protein (PLP), Myelin oligodendrocyte glycoprotein (MOG), axonal injury in the cerebellar tissue, and volume, weight, and length of the cerebellum were determined. RESULTS Results indicated a significant decrease in PLP and MOG in the CPZ groups compared to the Control group (****p < 0.0001). There was a significant increase in PLP and MOG and a significant decrease in axonal injury in the EX-CPZ-EX group as compared to other CPZ groups (****p < 0.0001), and CPZ-MS and CPZ-EX were not significantly different from one another. However, there were no significant differences between the groups for the volume, weight, or length of the cerebellum. CONCLUSION Treadmill training improved myelin sheath structural proteins and axonal injury in cerebellar tissue in a rat model of CPZ-induced toxic demyelination.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alireza Lotfi
- Department of Exercise Physiology, Ilam Branch, Islamic Azad University, Ilam, Iran
| | - Maryam Abbasi
- Department of Exercise Physiology, Ilam Branch, Islamic Azad University, Ilam, Iran.
| | - Nasrin Karami
- Department of Exercise Physiology, Ilam Branch, Islamic Azad University, Ilam, Iran
| | - Hadis Arghavanfar
- Department of Exercise Physiology, Ilam Branch, Islamic Azad University, Ilam, Iran
| | - Fatemeh Kazeminasab
- Department of Physical Education and Sport Sciences, Faculty of Humanities, University of Kashan, Kashan, Iran
| | - Sara K Rosenkranz
- Department of Kinesiology and Nutrition Sciences, School of Integrated Health Sciences, University of Nevada Las Vegas, Las Vegas, NV, USA
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Mityukova TA, Basalai AA, Poluliakh OE, Darenskaya MA, Rychkova LV, Kolesnikov SI, Semenova NV, Kolesnikova LI. The Level of Sex Hormones and Corticosterone in Female Rats during Modeling of Visceral Obesity, Subsequent Physical Activity, and Normalization of the Diet. Bull Exp Biol Med 2024; 176:509-514. [PMID: 38492108 DOI: 10.1007/s10517-024-06057-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/13/2023] [Indexed: 03/18/2024]
Abstract
The effects of diet-induced visceral obesity and non-drug options of its correction on the level of sex hormones and corticosterone were evaluated in 84 female Wistar rats. During stage I, the rats received either a standard diet (STD) or a high-calorie diet (HCD) for 8 weeks. During stage II, the animals were divided into subgroups depending on obesity correction: without correction (STD control and HCD), transition from HCD to STD (HCD/STD) and/or physical activity (treadmill exercise) for the next 8 weeks (HCD/STD+exercise, STD+exercise, and HCD+exercise). Diet-induced visceral obesity resulted in hyperandrogenization and increased blood corticosterone levels in females. Transition from HCD to STD regardless of physical activity led to normalization of testosterone level and, accordingly, to return to the functional norm of estrogen-androgen balance. The positive effect of moderate physical activity on hormonal status is realized only against the background of a balanced diet or during the transition from HCD to STD.
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Affiliation(s)
- T A Mityukova
- Institute of Physiology, National Academy of Sciences of Belarus, Minsk, Republic of Belarus
| | - A A Basalai
- Institute of Physiology, National Academy of Sciences of Belarus, Minsk, Republic of Belarus
| | - O E Poluliakh
- Institute of Physiology, National Academy of Sciences of Belarus, Minsk, Republic of Belarus
| | - M A Darenskaya
- Scientific Center for Family Health and Human Reproduction Problems, Irkutsk, Russia.
| | - L V Rychkova
- Scientific Center for Family Health and Human Reproduction Problems, Irkutsk, Russia
| | - S I Kolesnikov
- Scientific Center for Family Health and Human Reproduction Problems, Irkutsk, Russia
| | - N V Semenova
- Scientific Center for Family Health and Human Reproduction Problems, Irkutsk, Russia
| | - L I Kolesnikova
- Scientific Center for Family Health and Human Reproduction Problems, Irkutsk, Russia
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da Silva E Santos MR, Paes MH, Bento RCQS, Cardoso LM, de Oliveira LB. Reducing sugar intake through chronic swimming training: Exploring palatability changes and central vasopressin mechanisms. Pharmacol Biochem Behav 2024; 234:173691. [PMID: 38081330 DOI: 10.1016/j.pbb.2023.173691] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/18/2023] [Revised: 12/05/2023] [Accepted: 12/05/2023] [Indexed: 01/01/2024]
Abstract
Excessive sugar intake has been associated with the onset of several non-communicable chronic diseases seen in humans. Physical activity could affect sweet taste perception which may affect sugar intake. Therefore, it was investigated the chronic effects of swimming training on sucrose intake/preference, reactivity to sucrose taste, self-care in neurobehavioral stress, and the possible involvement of the vasopressin type V1 receptor in sucrose solution intake. Male Wistar rats, of from different cohorts were used, subjected to a sedentary lifestyle (SED) or swimming training (TR - 1 h/day, 5×/week, for 8 weeks, with no added load). Weekly intake was verified in SED and TR rats after access to a sucrose solution 1×/week, 2 h/day, for eight weeks. Chronic effects of swimming and/or a sedentary lifestyle were carried out three days after the end of the physical exercise protocol. Swimming training reduced the intake of sucrose solution from the third week onwards in the two-bottle test measured once a week for 8 weeks. After the ending of the swimming protocol, sucrose intake was also reduced as per its preference. This reduced intake is probably correlated with the carbohydrate aspect of sucrose since saccharin intake was not affected. In addition, chronic swimming training was shown to reduce ingestive responses, increase neutral responses, without interfering with aversive, in the sucrose solution taste reactivity test. In addition, these results are not related to a depressive-like behavior, nor to neurobehavioral stress. Furthermore, treatment with vasopressin V1 receptor antagonist abolished the reduced sucrose intake in trained rats. The results suggest that swimming performed chronically is capable of reducing intake and preference for sucrose by decreasing the palatability of sucrose without causing depressive-type behavior or stress. In addition, the results also suggest that central V1 vasopressin receptors are part of the mechanisms activated to reduce sucrose intake in trained rats.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Milede Hanner Paes
- Research Center in Biological Sciences - NUPEB, Federal University of Ouro Preto, Ouro Preto, MG, Brazil
| | | | - Leonardo Máximo Cardoso
- Research Center in Biological Sciences - NUPEB, Federal University of Ouro Preto, Ouro Preto, MG, Brazil
| | - Lisandra Brandino de Oliveira
- Department of Food and Medicine, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Federal University of Alfenas, Alfenas, MG, Brazil.
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Thonusin C, Pantiya P, Kongkaew A, Nawara W, Arunsak B, Sriwichaiin S, Chattipakorn N, Chattipakorn SC. Exercise and Caloric Restriction Exert Different Benefits on Skeletal Muscle Metabolism in Aging Condition. Nutrients 2023; 15:5004. [PMID: 38068862 PMCID: PMC10708263 DOI: 10.3390/nu15235004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/07/2023] [Revised: 11/28/2023] [Accepted: 11/30/2023] [Indexed: 12/18/2023] Open
Abstract
Exercise and caloric restriction improve skeletal muscle metabolism. However, the benefits of exercise and caloric restriction on skeletal muscle metabolism in aging have never been compared. Seven-week-old male Wistar rats (n = 24) were divided into 4 groups (n = 6 per group) to receive either normal saline solution for 28 weeks, 150 mg/kg/day of D-galactose for 28 weeks to induce premature aging, 150 mg/kg/day of D-galactose for 28 weeks plus exercise for 16 weeks (week 13-28), or 150 mg/kg/day of D-galactose for 28 weeks plus 30% caloric restriction for 16 weeks (week 13-28). The 17-month-old rats (n = 6) were also injected with normal saline solution for 28 weeks as the naturally aged controls. At the end of week 28, total walking distance and fatty acid and carbohydrate oxidation during physical activity were determined. Then, all rats were euthanized for the collection of blood and tibialis anterior muscle. The results showed that D-galactose successfully mimicked the natural aging of skeletal muscle. Exercise and caloric restriction equally improved carbohydrate oxidation during physical activity and myogenesis. However, exercise was superior to caloric restriction in terms of improving fatty acid oxidation and oxidative phosphorylation. Interestingly, caloric restriction decreased oxidative stress, whereas exercise increased oxidative stress of skeletal muscle. All of these findings indicated that the benefits of exercise and caloric restriction on skeletal muscle metabolism during aging were different, and therefore the combination of exercise and caloric restriction might provide greater efficacy in ameliorating skeletal muscle aging.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chanisa Thonusin
- Cardiac Electrophysiology Unit, Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai 50200, Thailand; (C.T.); (P.P.); (S.S.); (N.C.)
- Cardiac Electrophysiology Research and Training Center, Faculty of Medicine, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai 50200, Thailand; (W.N.); (B.A.)
- Center of Excellence in Cardiac Electrophysiology Research, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai 50200, Thailand
| | - Patcharapong Pantiya
- Cardiac Electrophysiology Unit, Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai 50200, Thailand; (C.T.); (P.P.); (S.S.); (N.C.)
- Cardiac Electrophysiology Research and Training Center, Faculty of Medicine, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai 50200, Thailand; (W.N.); (B.A.)
- Center of Excellence in Cardiac Electrophysiology Research, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai 50200, Thailand
| | - Aphisek Kongkaew
- Research Administration Section, Faculty of Medicine, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai 50200, Thailand;
| | - Wichwara Nawara
- Cardiac Electrophysiology Research and Training Center, Faculty of Medicine, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai 50200, Thailand; (W.N.); (B.A.)
- Center of Excellence in Cardiac Electrophysiology Research, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai 50200, Thailand
| | - Busarin Arunsak
- Cardiac Electrophysiology Research and Training Center, Faculty of Medicine, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai 50200, Thailand; (W.N.); (B.A.)
- Center of Excellence in Cardiac Electrophysiology Research, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai 50200, Thailand
| | - Sirawit Sriwichaiin
- Cardiac Electrophysiology Unit, Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai 50200, Thailand; (C.T.); (P.P.); (S.S.); (N.C.)
- Cardiac Electrophysiology Research and Training Center, Faculty of Medicine, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai 50200, Thailand; (W.N.); (B.A.)
- Center of Excellence in Cardiac Electrophysiology Research, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai 50200, Thailand
| | - Nipon Chattipakorn
- Cardiac Electrophysiology Unit, Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai 50200, Thailand; (C.T.); (P.P.); (S.S.); (N.C.)
- Cardiac Electrophysiology Research and Training Center, Faculty of Medicine, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai 50200, Thailand; (W.N.); (B.A.)
- Center of Excellence in Cardiac Electrophysiology Research, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai 50200, Thailand
| | - Siriporn C. Chattipakorn
- Cardiac Electrophysiology Unit, Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai 50200, Thailand; (C.T.); (P.P.); (S.S.); (N.C.)
- Cardiac Electrophysiology Research and Training Center, Faculty of Medicine, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai 50200, Thailand; (W.N.); (B.A.)
- Department of Oral Biology and Diagnostic Sciences, Faculty of Dentistry, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai 50200, Thailand
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Pantiya P, Thonusin C, Chunchai T, Pintana H, Ongnok B, Nawara W, Arunsak B, Kongkaew A, Chattipakorn N, Chattipakorn SC. Long-term lifestyle intervention is superior to transient modification for neuroprotection in D-galactose-induced aging rats. Life Sci 2023; 334:122248. [PMID: 37940069 DOI: 10.1016/j.lfs.2023.122248] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/13/2023] [Revised: 10/25/2023] [Accepted: 11/03/2023] [Indexed: 11/10/2023]
Abstract
AIMS To investigate whether transient dietary restriction or aerobic exercise in young adulthood exert long-lasting protection against brain aging later in life. MAIN METHODS Seven-week-old male Wistar rats were divided into 2 groups and given either normal saline as a vehicle (n = 8) or 150 mg/kg/day of D-galactose (n = 40) for 28 weeks, the D-galactose being used to induce aging. At week 13 of the experiment, D-galactose-treated rats were further divided into 5 groups, 1) no intervention, 2) transient dietary restriction for 6 weeks (week 13-18), 3) transient exercise for 6 weeks (week 13-18), 4) long-term dietary restriction for 16 weeks (week 13-28), and 5) long-term exercise for 16 weeks (week 13-28). At the end of week 28, cognitive function was examined, followed by molecular studies in the hippocampus. KEY FINDINGS Our results showed that either long-term dietary restriction or aerobic exercise effectively attenuated cognitive function in D-galactose-treated rats via the attenuation of oxidative stress, cellular senescence, Alzheimer's-like pathology, neuroinflammation, and improvements in mitochondria, brain metabolism, adult neurogenesis, and synaptic integrity. Although transient interventions provided benefits in some brain parameters in D-galactose-treated rats, an improvement in cognitive function was not observed. SIGNIFICANCE Our findings suggested that transient lifestyle interventions failed to exert a long-lasting protective effect against brain aging. Hence, novel drugs mimicking the neuroprotective effect of long-term dietary restriction or exercise and the combination of the two since young age appear to be more appropriate treatments for the elderly who are unable to engage in long-term dietary restriction or exercise.
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Affiliation(s)
- Patcharapong Pantiya
- Neurophysiology Unit, Cardiac Electrophysiology Research and Training Center, Faculty of Medicine, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai, Thailand; Cardiac Electrophysiology Unit, Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai, Thailand; Center of Excellence in Cardiac Electrophysiology Research, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai, Thailand
| | - Chanisa Thonusin
- Neurophysiology Unit, Cardiac Electrophysiology Research and Training Center, Faculty of Medicine, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai, Thailand; Cardiac Electrophysiology Unit, Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai, Thailand; Center of Excellence in Cardiac Electrophysiology Research, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai, Thailand
| | - Titikorn Chunchai
- Neurophysiology Unit, Cardiac Electrophysiology Research and Training Center, Faculty of Medicine, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai, Thailand; Center of Excellence in Cardiac Electrophysiology Research, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai, Thailand
| | - Hiranya Pintana
- Neurophysiology Unit, Cardiac Electrophysiology Research and Training Center, Faculty of Medicine, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai, Thailand; Center of Excellence in Cardiac Electrophysiology Research, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai, Thailand
| | - Benjamin Ongnok
- Neurophysiology Unit, Cardiac Electrophysiology Research and Training Center, Faculty of Medicine, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai, Thailand; Cardiac Electrophysiology Unit, Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai, Thailand; Center of Excellence in Cardiac Electrophysiology Research, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai, Thailand
| | - Wichwara Nawara
- Neurophysiology Unit, Cardiac Electrophysiology Research and Training Center, Faculty of Medicine, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai, Thailand; Center of Excellence in Cardiac Electrophysiology Research, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai, Thailand
| | - Busarin Arunsak
- Neurophysiology Unit, Cardiac Electrophysiology Research and Training Center, Faculty of Medicine, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai, Thailand; Center of Excellence in Cardiac Electrophysiology Research, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai, Thailand
| | - Aphisek Kongkaew
- Research Administration Section, Faculty of Medicine, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai, Thailand
| | - Nipon Chattipakorn
- Neurophysiology Unit, Cardiac Electrophysiology Research and Training Center, Faculty of Medicine, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai, Thailand; Cardiac Electrophysiology Unit, Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai, Thailand; Center of Excellence in Cardiac Electrophysiology Research, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai, Thailand
| | - Siriporn C Chattipakorn
- Neurophysiology Unit, Cardiac Electrophysiology Research and Training Center, Faculty of Medicine, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai, Thailand; Center of Excellence in Cardiac Electrophysiology Research, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai, Thailand; Department of Oral Biology and Diagnostic Sciences, Faculty of Dentistry, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai, Thailand.
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13
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Wen W, Guo C, Chen Z, Yang D, Zhu D, Jing Q, Zheng L, Sun C, Tang C. Regular exercise attenuates alcoholic myopathy in zebrafish by modulating mitochondrial homeostasis. PLoS One 2023; 18:e0294700. [PMID: 38032938 PMCID: PMC10688687 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0294700] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/10/2023] [Accepted: 11/06/2023] [Indexed: 12/02/2023] Open
Abstract
Alcoholic myopathy is caused by chronic consumption of alcohol (ethanol) and is characterized by weakness and atrophy of skeletal muscle. Regular exercise is one of the important ways to prevent or alleviate skeletal muscle myopathy. However, the beneficial effects and the exact mechanisms underlying regular exercise on alcohol myopathy remain unclear. In this study, a model of alcoholic myopathy was established using zebrafish soaked in 0.5% ethanol. Additionally, these zebrafish were intervened to swim for 8 weeks at an exercise intensity of 30% of the absolute critical swimming speed (Ucrit), aiming to explore the beneficial effects and underlying mechanisms of regular exercise on alcoholic myopathy. This study found that regular exercise inhibited protein degradation, improved locomotion ability, and increased muscle fiber cross-sectional area (CSA) in ethanol-treated zebrafish. In addition, regular exercise increases the functional activity of mitochondrial respiratory chain (MRC) complexes and upregulates the expression levels of MRC complexes. Regular exercise can also improve oxidative stress and mitochondrial dynamics in zebrafish skeletal muscle induced by ethanol. Additionally, regular exercise can activate mitochondrial biogenesis and inhibit mitochondrial unfolded protein response (UPRmt). Together, our results suggest regular exercise is an effective intervention strategy to improve mitochondrial homeostasis to attenuate alcoholic myopathy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei Wen
- Key Laboratory of Physical Fitness and Exercise Rehabilitation of Hunan Province, College of Physical Education, Hunan Normal University, Changsha, China
| | - Cheng Guo
- Key Laboratory of Physical Fitness and Exercise Rehabilitation of Hunan Province, College of Physical Education, Hunan Normal University, Changsha, China
| | - Zhanglin Chen
- Key Laboratory of Physical Fitness and Exercise Rehabilitation of Hunan Province, College of Physical Education, Hunan Normal University, Changsha, China
| | - Dong Yang
- Key Laboratory of Physical Fitness and Exercise Rehabilitation of Hunan Province, College of Physical Education, Hunan Normal University, Changsha, China
| | - Danting Zhu
- Key Laboratory of Physical Fitness and Exercise Rehabilitation of Hunan Province, College of Physical Education, Hunan Normal University, Changsha, China
| | - Quwen Jing
- Key Laboratory of Physical Fitness and Exercise Rehabilitation of Hunan Province, College of Physical Education, Hunan Normal University, Changsha, China
| | - Lan Zheng
- Key Laboratory of Physical Fitness and Exercise Rehabilitation of Hunan Province, College of Physical Education, Hunan Normal University, Changsha, China
| | - Chenchen Sun
- Key Laboratory of Physical Fitness and Exercise Rehabilitation of Hunan Province, College of Physical Education, Hunan Normal University, Changsha, China
- School of Physical Education, Hunan First Normal University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Changfa Tang
- Key Laboratory of Physical Fitness and Exercise Rehabilitation of Hunan Province, College of Physical Education, Hunan Normal University, Changsha, China
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14
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Deng X, Xu H, Pan C, Hao X, Liu J, Shang X, Chi R, Hou W, Xu T. Moderate mechanical strain and exercise reduce inflammation and excessive autophagy in osteoarthritis by downregulating mitofusin 2. Life Sci 2023; 332:122020. [PMID: 37579836 DOI: 10.1016/j.lfs.2023.122020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/02/2023] [Revised: 07/11/2023] [Accepted: 08/10/2023] [Indexed: 08/16/2023]
Abstract
AIMS The major pathological mechanisms of osteoarthritis (OA) progression include inflammation, autophagy, and apoptosis, etc. Moderate mechanical strain and exercise effectively improve chondrocyte degeneration by reducing these adverse factors. Mitofusin 2 (MFN2) is a crucial regulatory factor associated with inflammation, autophagy and apoptosis, and its expression is regulated by exercise. This study aims to elucidate the effects of moderate mechanical strain and exercise on MFN2 expression and its influence on OA progression. MAIN METHODS Destabilization of the medial meniscus (DMM) surgery was performed on rats to induce an OA rat model. Subsequently, adeno-associated virus (overexpression/knockdown) intra-articular injection or moderate treadmill exercise was administered to evaluate the effects of these treatments on MFN2 expression and OA progression. Overexpressed plasmids and siRNA vectors were used to regulate MFN2 expression in chondrocytes. An inflammatory degeneration cell model was generated by IL-1β stimulation. Moderate mechanical strain was applied to MFN2-overexpressing cells to explore their interactions. KEY FINDINGS MFN2 overexpression aggravated inflammation by activating the NF-κB and P38 pathways and induced excessive autophagy by inhibiting the PI3K/AKT/mTOR pathway, thereby causing chondrocyte apoptosis and metabolic disorder. Moderate mechanical strain partially reversed these adverse effects. In the DMM rat model, MFN2 overexpression in articular cartilage exacerbated OA progression, whereas MFN2 knockdown and treadmill exercise alleviated cartilage degeneration, inflammation, and mechanical pain. SIGNIFICANCE MFN2 is a critical factor mediating the association between inflammation and excessive autophagy in OA progression. Moderate mechanical strain and treadmill exercise may improve OA through downregulating MFN2 expression. This study may provide a theoretical basis for exercise therapy in OA treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaofeng Deng
- Department of Rehabilitation, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China.
| | - Haoran Xu
- Department of Orthopedics, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China.
| | - Chunran Pan
- Department of Rehabilitation, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China.
| | - Xiaoxia Hao
- Department of Rehabilitation, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China.
| | - Jiawei Liu
- Department of Rehabilitation, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China.
| | - Xingru Shang
- Department of Rehabilitation, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China.
| | - Ruimin Chi
- Department of Rehabilitation, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China.
| | - Wenjie Hou
- Department of Rehabilitation, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China.
| | - Tao Xu
- Department of Rehabilitation, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China.
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15
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Andrade-Guerrero J, Rodríguez-Arellano P, Barron-Leon N, Orta-Salazar E, Ledesma-Alonso C, Díaz-Cintra S, Soto-Rojas LO. Advancing Alzheimer's Therapeutics: Exploring the Impact of Physical Exercise in Animal Models and Patients. Cells 2023; 12:2531. [PMID: 37947609 PMCID: PMC10648553 DOI: 10.3390/cells12212531] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/26/2023] [Revised: 10/18/2023] [Accepted: 10/25/2023] [Indexed: 11/12/2023] Open
Abstract
Alzheimer's disease (AD) is the main neurodegenerative disorder characterized by several pathophysiological features, including the misfolding of the tau protein and the amyloid beta (Aβ) peptide, neuroinflammation, oxidative stress, synaptic dysfunction, metabolic alterations, and cognitive impairment. These mechanisms collectively contribute to neurodegeneration, necessitating the exploration of therapeutic approaches with multiple targets. Physical exercise has emerged as a promising non-pharmacological intervention for AD, with demonstrated effects on promoting neurogenesis, activating neurotrophic factors, reducing Aβ aggregates, minimizing the formation of neurofibrillary tangles (NFTs), dampening inflammatory processes, mitigating oxidative stress, and improving the functionality of the neurovascular unit (NVU). Overall, the neuroprotective effects of exercise are not singular, but are multi-targets. Numerous studies have investigated physical exercise's potential in both AD patients and animal models, employing various exercise protocols to elucidate the underlying neurobiological mechanisms and effects. The objective of this review is to analyze the neurological therapeutic effects of these exercise protocols in animal models and compare them with studies conducted in AD patients. By translating findings from different approaches, this review aims to identify opportune, specific, and personalized therapeutic windows, thus advancing research on the use of physical exercise with AD patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jesús Andrade-Guerrero
- Laboratorio de Patogénesis Molecular, Laboratorio 4, Edificio A4, Carrera Médico Cirujano, Facultad de Estudios Superiores Iztacala, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Tlalnepantla 54090, Mexico;
- Departamento de Neurobiología del Desarrollo y Neurofisiología, Instituto de Neurobiología, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Queretaro 76230, Mexico; (P.R.-A.); (N.B.-L.); (E.O.-S.); (C.L.-A.)
| | - Paola Rodríguez-Arellano
- Departamento de Neurobiología del Desarrollo y Neurofisiología, Instituto de Neurobiología, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Queretaro 76230, Mexico; (P.R.-A.); (N.B.-L.); (E.O.-S.); (C.L.-A.)
| | - Nayeli Barron-Leon
- Departamento de Neurobiología del Desarrollo y Neurofisiología, Instituto de Neurobiología, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Queretaro 76230, Mexico; (P.R.-A.); (N.B.-L.); (E.O.-S.); (C.L.-A.)
| | - Erika Orta-Salazar
- Departamento de Neurobiología del Desarrollo y Neurofisiología, Instituto de Neurobiología, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Queretaro 76230, Mexico; (P.R.-A.); (N.B.-L.); (E.O.-S.); (C.L.-A.)
| | - Carlos Ledesma-Alonso
- Departamento de Neurobiología del Desarrollo y Neurofisiología, Instituto de Neurobiología, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Queretaro 76230, Mexico; (P.R.-A.); (N.B.-L.); (E.O.-S.); (C.L.-A.)
| | - Sofía Díaz-Cintra
- Departamento de Neurobiología del Desarrollo y Neurofisiología, Instituto de Neurobiología, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Queretaro 76230, Mexico; (P.R.-A.); (N.B.-L.); (E.O.-S.); (C.L.-A.)
| | - Luis O. Soto-Rojas
- Laboratorio de Patogénesis Molecular, Laboratorio 4, Edificio A4, Carrera Médico Cirujano, Facultad de Estudios Superiores Iztacala, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Tlalnepantla 54090, Mexico;
- Red MEDICI, Carrera Médico Cirujano, Facultad de Estudios Superiores Iztacala, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Tlalnepantla 54090, Mexico
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Bashiri H, Rostamzadeh F, Sabet N, Moslemizadeh A, Rajizadeh MA, Jafari E. Sex-related beneficial effects of exercise on cardiac function and rhythm in autistic rats. Birth Defects Res 2023; 115:1486-1499. [PMID: 37522293 DOI: 10.1002/bdr2.2230] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/05/2023] [Revised: 07/19/2023] [Accepted: 07/19/2023] [Indexed: 08/01/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Cardiovascular diseases are prevalent in autistic patients. As exercise is useful in the treatment of medical conditions, this study aimed to identify the effect of low-intensity endurance exercise (LIEE) and moderate-intensity endurance exercise (MIEE) on cardiovascular events in autistic rats. METHODS Valproic acid (VPA) was administrated once on gestational day 12.5 to pregnant rats to produce autism-like symptoms in offspring. Thirty-day-old offspring were divided into 12 groups: Male-CTL, Male-VPA, Male-CTL + LIEE, Male-CTL + MIEE, Male-VPA + LIEE, Male-VPA + MIEE, Female-CTL, Female-VPA, Female-CTL + LIEE, Female-CTL + MIEE, Female-VPA + LIEE, and Female-VPA + MIEE. LIEE and MIEE were performed 5 days a week for 30 days. Twenty-four hours after the last exercise session, electrocardiogram and hemodynamic and cardiac function indices were recorded. RESULTS The results indicated that +dp/dt max and contractility index (CI) decreased in the Female-VPA group compared to the Female-CTL group. LIEE increased these parameters in the Female-VPA + LIEE group. However, MIEE normalized CI in the Male-VPA + MIEE compared to the Male-VPA group. Tau increased in the Female-VPA group compared to the Female-CTL group and it decreased in the Female-VPA + MIEE group compared to the Female-VPA group. LIEE and MIEE recovered the reduction of heart rate and the increase in P, R, and T amplitudes in Male-VPA group. LIEE and MIEE increased heart rate variability in the Male-VPA and Female-VPA groups. CONCLUSIONS The findings showed that LIEE and MIEE alleviated cardiac dysfunction and disturbances in heart rhythm in the autistic offspring. Exercise may be recommended as a routine program for autistic patients to prevent and treat the harmful cardiovascular consequences of autism.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hamideh Bashiri
- Neuroscience Research Center, Institute of Neuropharmacology, Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Afzalipour School of Medicine, Kerman University of Medical Sciences, Kerman, Iran
| | - Farzaneh Rostamzadeh
- Physiology Research Center, Institute of Neuropharmacology, Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Medical School, Kerman University of Medical Sciences, Kerman, Iran
| | - Nazanin Sabet
- Physiology Research Center, Institute of Neuropharmacology, Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Medical School, Kerman University of Medical Sciences, Kerman, Iran
| | | | - Mohammad Amin Rajizadeh
- Cardiovascular Research Center, Institute of Basic and Clinical Physiology Sciences, Kerman University of Medical Sciences, Kerman, Iran
| | - Elham Jafari
- Pathology and Stem Cells Research Center, Department of Pathology, Kerman University of Medical Science, Kerman, Iran
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Jin Y, Wei C, Huang X, Zhang D, Zhang L, Li X. Bioinformatics Analysis and Experimental Verification of Exercise for Aging Mice in Different Brain Regions Based on Transcriptome Sequencing. Life (Basel) 2023; 13:1988. [PMID: 37895370 PMCID: PMC10608440 DOI: 10.3390/life13101988] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/17/2023] [Revised: 09/20/2023] [Accepted: 09/27/2023] [Indexed: 10/29/2023] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE Physical exercise mitigates the effects of aging and cognitive decline. However, the precise neurobiological mechanisms underlying this phenomenon remain unclear. The primary aim of this study was to investigate the protective effect of exercise on age-related memory deficits in the prefrontal cortex (PFC) and hippocampus using bioinformatic analysis and biochemical verification. METHODS Young and aging mice were subjected to natural feeding or treadmill exercise (12 m/min, 8 weeks). Cognitive function was accessed using the Barnes maze and novel object recognition. Bioinformatic analysis was performed to identify co-expressed genes in different groups and brain regions. The selected genes and pathways were validated using RT-qPCR. RESULTS Regular exercise significantly ameliorated age-related cognitive deficits. Four up-regulated targets (Ifi27l2a, Irf7, Oas1b, Ifit1) and one down-regulation (Septin2) were reversed by exercise, demonstrating the underlying mechanisms of cognitive functions induced by aging with exercise in the hippocampus and PFC. The Gene Ontology terms and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes pathway enrichment analyses indicated that the NOD-like receptor signaling pathway was inhibited in the neuroinflammation effects of exercise in aging mice in both brain regions. CONCLUSION Exercise enhances age-related learning and memory deficits. This beneficial effect may be attributed to the changes in five up/down-regulated genes and the NOD-like receptor signaling pathway in both the hippocampus and PFC. These findings establish the modulation of neuroinflammation as a pivotal molecular mechanism supporting exercise intervention in the brain aging process.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu Jin
- School of Sport Medicine and Health, Chengdu Sport University, Chengdu 610041, China; (Y.J.); (C.W.); (X.H.); (D.Z.)
| | - Changling Wei
- School of Sport Medicine and Health, Chengdu Sport University, Chengdu 610041, China; (Y.J.); (C.W.); (X.H.); (D.Z.)
| | - Xiaohan Huang
- School of Sport Medicine and Health, Chengdu Sport University, Chengdu 610041, China; (Y.J.); (C.W.); (X.H.); (D.Z.)
| | - Deman Zhang
- School of Sport Medicine and Health, Chengdu Sport University, Chengdu 610041, China; (Y.J.); (C.W.); (X.H.); (D.Z.)
| | - Li Zhang
- Joint International Research Laboratory of CNS Regeneration, Guangdong-Hong Kong-Macau Institute of CNS Regeneration, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, China;
| | - Xue Li
- School of Sport Medicine and Health, Chengdu Sport University, Chengdu 610041, China; (Y.J.); (C.W.); (X.H.); (D.Z.)
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18
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Norimatsu K, Nakanishi K, Ijuin T, Otsuka S, Takada S, Tani A, Matsuzaki R, Matsuoka T, Sakakima H. Effects of low-intensity exercise on spontaneously developed knee osteoarthritis in male senescence-accelerated mouse prone 8. Arthritis Res Ther 2023; 25:168. [PMID: 37710278 PMCID: PMC10500802 DOI: 10.1186/s13075-023-03162-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2023] [Accepted: 09/06/2023] [Indexed: 09/16/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Osteoarthritis (OA) is a degenerative joint disease associated with aging, which often leads to joint stiffness and disability. Exercise is one of the most important non-pharmacological treatments and is prescribed as an indispensable treatment for OA. However, whether physical exercise is beneficial for preventing the progression of OA symptoms with age is poorly understood. We investigated the effects of exercise on spontaneously developed knee OA using male senescence-accelerated mouse prone 8 (SAMP8). METHODS To examine age-related changes in the knee joints of SAMP8, knee articular cartilage changes, synovitis, knee joint flexion and extension angles, swelling, walking ability, and quadriceps muscle atrophy were analyzed at 3, 5, 7, and 9 months. SAMP8 were required to run at a speed of 10 m/min for 15 min/day from 7 to 9 months of age. The knee joint pathologies and symptoms of exercising and non-exercising mice were compared by histological, immunohistochemical, and morphometrical analyses. RESULTS The mice presented with various histological changes, including cartilage destruction, osteocyte formation, synovitis, declined joint angles, and swelling. Notably, medial and posterior cartilage destruction was more severe than that of the lateral and anterior cartilage. Knee joint angles were significantly correlated with the histological scores (modified Mankin and OARSI, osteophyte formation and synovial lining cell layer). Exercise did not attenuate cartilage degeneration in the medial and posterior tibial plateau, although the articular cartilage of the anterior and lateral tibial plateau and its histological scores was remained and significantly improved, respectively, by exercise. Exercise suppressed the age-related decline of collagen type II-positive areas in the remaining articular cartilage and improved the OA symptoms. Exercise reduced the expression of monocyte chemoattractant protein (MCP)-1 and tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-α positive macrophages in the synovium. CONCLUSION This study revealed that SAMP8 developed spontaneous knee OA with age, which resembled the disease symptoms in humans. Low-intensity exercise temporarily alleviated degeneration of the remaining cartilage, synovitis, and age-related decreases in knee flexion angle, stride length, and muscle atrophy in SAMP8. However, exercise during OA progression with age may cause mechanical stress that could be both beneficial and detrimental to joint health.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kosuke Norimatsu
- Department of Physical Therapy, School of Health Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, Kagoshima University, 8-35-1, Sakuragaoka, Kagoshima, 890-8544, Japan
| | - Kazuki Nakanishi
- Department of Physical Therapy, School of Health Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, Kagoshima University, 8-35-1, Sakuragaoka, Kagoshima, 890-8544, Japan
| | - Toshiro Ijuin
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Kagoshima University, Kagoshima, Japan
| | - Shotaro Otsuka
- Department of Systems Biology in Thromboregulation, Kagoshima University Graduate School of Medical and Dental Science, Kagoshima, Japan
| | - Seiya Takada
- Department of Systems Biology in Thromboregulation, Kagoshima University Graduate School of Medical and Dental Science, Kagoshima, Japan
| | - Akira Tani
- Department of Physical Therapy, School of Health Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, Kagoshima University, 8-35-1, Sakuragaoka, Kagoshima, 890-8544, Japan
| | - Ryoma Matsuzaki
- Department of Physical Therapy, School of Health Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, Kagoshima University, 8-35-1, Sakuragaoka, Kagoshima, 890-8544, Japan
| | - Teruki Matsuoka
- Department of Physical Therapy, School of Health Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, Kagoshima University, 8-35-1, Sakuragaoka, Kagoshima, 890-8544, Japan
| | - Harutoshi Sakakima
- Department of Physical Therapy, School of Health Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, Kagoshima University, 8-35-1, Sakuragaoka, Kagoshima, 890-8544, Japan.
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Zhang H, Wang R, Guo S, Tian Q, Zhang S, Guo L, Liu T, Wang R. Lower serum magnesium concentration and higher 24-h urinary magnesium excretion despite higher dietary magnesium intake in athletes: a systematic review and meta-analysis. FOOD SCIENCE AND HUMAN WELLNESS 2023. [DOI: 10.1016/j.fshw.2023.02.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/29/2023]
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20
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Ahluwalia M, Gaur P, Vaibhav K. Brain Injury and Neurodegeneration: Molecular, Functional, and Translational Approach. Biomedicines 2023; 11:1947. [PMID: 37509586 PMCID: PMC10377691 DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines11071947] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/04/2023] [Accepted: 07/06/2023] [Indexed: 07/30/2023] Open
Abstract
Recently, we have achieved substantial progress in our understanding of brain injury and neurodegeneration [...].
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Affiliation(s)
- Meenakshi Ahluwalia
- Department of Pathology, Medical College of Georgia, Augusta University, Augusta, GA 30912, USA;
- Georgia Cancer Center, Medical College of Georgia, Augusta University, Augusta, GA 30912, USA
- Department of Neurosurgery, Medical College of Georgia, Augusta University, Augusta, GA 30912, USA
| | - Pankaj Gaur
- Lombardi Comprehensive Cancer Center, Georgetown University Medical Center, Washington, DC 20057, USA;
| | - Kumar Vaibhav
- Department of Neurosurgery, Medical College of Georgia, Augusta University, Augusta, GA 30912, USA
- Department of Oral Biology and Diagnostic Sciences, Center for Excellence in Research, Scholarship and Innovation, Dental College of Georgia, Augusta University, Augusta, GA 30912, USA
- Transdisciplinary Research Initiative in Inflammaging and Brain Aging (TRIBA), Augusta University, Augusta, GA 30912, USA
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Therapeutic or lifelong training effects on pancreatic morphological and functional parameters in an animal model of aging and obesity. Exp Gerontol 2023; 175:112144. [PMID: 36907475 DOI: 10.1016/j.exger.2023.112144] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/29/2022] [Revised: 03/02/2023] [Accepted: 03/09/2023] [Indexed: 03/14/2023]
Abstract
AIMS Obesity, aging, and physical training are factors influencing pancreatic functional and morphological parameters. Aiming to clarify the impact of the interaction of these factors, we analyzed the effect of therapeutic or lifelong physical training on body adiposity and pancreatic functional and morphological parameters of aged and obese rats. METHODS 24 male Wistar rats were (initial age = 4 months and final age = 14 months) randomly divided into three aged and obese experimental groups (n = 8/group): untrained, therapeutic trained, and lifelong trained. Body adiposity, plasmatic concentration and pancreatic immunostaining of insulin, markers of tissue inflammation, lipid peroxidation, activity and immunostaining of antioxidant enzymes, and parameters of pancreatic morphology were evaluated. RESULTS Lifelong physical training improved the body adiposity, plasmatic insulin concentration, and macrophage immunostaining in the pancreas. The animals submitted to therapeutic and lifelong training showed an increase in the density of the pancreatic islets; lower insulin, Nuclear Factor Kappa B (NF-κB), and Transforming Growth Factor beta (TGF-β) immunostaining in the pancreatic parenchyma, as well as lower pancreatic tissue lipid peroxidation, lower fibrosis area, increased catalase and glutathione peroxidase (GPx) activity and increased heme oxygenase-1 (HO-1) immunostaining, with the greatest effect in the lifelong training group. CONCLUSION Lifelong training promoted greater beneficial effects on the pancreatic functional and morphological parameters of aged and obese animals compared to therapeutic exercise.
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Genome Editing to Abrogate Muscle Atrophy. ADVANCES IN EXPERIMENTAL MEDICINE AND BIOLOGY 2023; 1396:157-176. [DOI: 10.1007/978-981-19-5642-3_11] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/04/2022]
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Al-thepyani M, Algarni S, Gashlan H, Elzubier M, Baz L. Evaluation of the Anti-Obesity Effect of Zeaxanthin and Exercise in HFD-Induced Obese Rats. Nutrients 2022; 14:nu14234944. [PMID: 36500974 PMCID: PMC9737220 DOI: 10.3390/nu14234944] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/21/2022] [Revised: 11/17/2022] [Accepted: 11/18/2022] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Obesity is a worldwide epidemic associated with many health problems. One of the new trends in health care is the emphasis on regular exercise and a healthy diet. Zeaxanthin (Zea) is a carotenoid with many beneficial effects on human health. The aim of this study was to investigate whether the combination of Zea and exercise had therapeutic effects on obesity induced by an HFD in rats. Sixty male Wistar rats were randomly divided into five groups of twelve: rats fed a standard diet; rats fed a high-fat diet (HFD); rats fed an HFD with Zea; rats fed an HFD with Exc; and rats fed an HFD with both Zea and Exc. To induce obesity, rats were fed an HFD for twelve weeks. Then, Zea and exercise were introduced with the HFD for five weeks. The results showed that the HFD significantly increased visceral adipose tissue, oxidative stress, and inflammation biomarkers and reduced insulin, high-density lipoprotein, and antioxidant parameters. Treatments with Zea, Exc, and Zea plus Exc reduced body weight gain, triacylglycerol, glucose, total cholesterol, and nitric oxide levels and significantly increased catalase and insulin compared with the HFD group. This study demonstrated that Zea administration and Exc performance appeared to effectively alleviate the metabolic alterations induced by an HFD. Furthermore, Zea and Exc together had a better effect than either intervention alone.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mona Al-thepyani
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Science, King AbdulAziz University, Jeddah 21589, Saudi Arabia
- Department of Chemistry, College of Sciences & Arts, King Abdulaziz University, Rabigh 21911, Saudi Arabia
| | - Salha Algarni
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Science, King AbdulAziz University, Jeddah 21589, Saudi Arabia
| | - Hana Gashlan
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Science, King AbdulAziz University, Jeddah 21589, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mohamed Elzubier
- Biochemistry Department, Faculty of Medicine, Umm Al-Qura University, Al Abdeyah, Makkah P.O. Box 7607, Saudi Arabia
| | - Lina Baz
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Science, King AbdulAziz University, Jeddah 21589, Saudi Arabia
- Correspondence:
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The Influence of Physical Training on the Immune System of Rats during N-methyl-N-nitrosourea-Induced Carcinogenesis. J Clin Med 2022; 11:jcm11216371. [PMID: 36362598 PMCID: PMC9653829 DOI: 10.3390/jcm11216371] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/16/2022] [Revised: 10/19/2022] [Accepted: 10/26/2022] [Indexed: 12/03/2022] Open
Abstract
Aim: To assess the effect of physical training on the selected parameters of the immune system regarding CD3, CD4, CD8, CD11, CD161, CD45A cell counts in rats treated with N-methyl-N-nitrosourea (MNU). Material and Methods: Thirty-eight female Sprague-Dawley rats were injected intraperitoneally with MNU and were divided into three groups, i.e., sedentary control (SC), the group of moderate-intensity training (MIT) and the group of high-intensity training (HIT). Physical training was supervised immediately after MNU administration and was conducted 5 days per week for 12 weeks on a three-position treadmill. Results: A significant difference was found between SC and training groups in terms of the number of induced tumors per rat (1.57 vs. 0.4, p = 0.05) and in the following lymphocyte subpopulations: CD4+/CD8+ (p = 0.01), CD3−/CD11b+ (p = 0.02), CD3−/CD161+ (p = 0.002), CD3−/CD161− (p = 0.002), CD3+/CD45RA+ (p = 0.003) and CD3−/CD45RA+ (p = 0.005). In terms of the intensity of physical training, the highest efficacy was found for MIT and the following lymphocyte subpopulations: CD3−/CD11b+ (SC vs. MIT, p < 0.001), CD3−/CD161+ (SC vs. MIT, p = 0.002), CD3−/CD161− (SC vs. MIT, p = 0.002), CD3+/CD45RA+ (SC vs. MIT, p = 0.02) and CD3−/CD45RA+ (SC vs. MIT, p < 0.001, MIT vs. HIT, p = 0.02). Furthermore, negative correlations were found between the number of apoptotic cells and CD3−/CD11b (r = −0.76, p = 0.01) in SC and between the number of induced tumors and CD3+/CD8+ (r = −0.61, p = 0.02) and between their volume and CD+/CD8+ (r = −0.56, p = 0.03) in the group of rats undergoing training. Conclusions: Physical training, particularly MIT, affected immune cell function and an altered immune response can be considered a mechanism underlying the effect of exercise on breast cancer development.
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Zhu JY, Chen M, Mu WJ, Luo HY, Guo L. Higd1a facilitates exercise-mediated alleviation of fatty liver in diet-induced obese mice. Metabolism 2022; 134:155241. [PMID: 35750235 DOI: 10.1016/j.metabol.2022.155241] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/20/2022] [Revised: 06/03/2022] [Accepted: 06/14/2022] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) has emerged as the most common liver disease. Exercise is an effective strategy against NAFLD, but its underlying molecular mechanism is not completely understood. METHODS Higd1a, a mitochondrial inner membrane protein, was knocked down or overexpressed in mice livers by tail vein injection of adeno-associated virus (AAV) vectors. High fat diet-induced obese mice were subjected to treadmill training. Alpha mouse liver 12 (AML12) cells were used for in vitro studies. RESULTS Higd1a was upregulated in mice livers after treadmill exercise training. Knockdown of Higd1a in diet-induced obese mice livers impaired exercise-mediated alleviation of hepatic steatosis, liver injury and inflammation. On the contrary, hepatic overexpression of Higd1a ameliorated fatty liver, liver injury and inflammation in synergy with exercise. Mechanistically, deficiency of Higd1a in hepatocytes promoted free fatty acids (FFAs)-induced apoptosis and oxidative stress, and elevated the cytosolic level of oxidized mitochondrial DNA (ox-mtDNA) to activate NLRP3 inflammasome and JNK signaling, leading to decreased expression of critical genes involved in fatty acid oxidation (FAO), such as Ppara, Cpt1a and Acadm. Overexpression of Higd1a in hepatocytes blunted the above effects, which ultimately increased FAO genes expression and alleviated fat accumulation in hepatocytes. CONCLUSION These results identify a Higd1a-mediated inhibition of cytosolic ox-mtDNA/NLRP3 inflammasomes/JNK pathway that facilitates exercise-mediated alleviation of hepatosteatosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jie-Ying Zhu
- School of Kinesiology, Shanghai University of Sport, Shanghai 200438, PR China; Shanghai Frontiers Science Research Base of Exercise and Metabolic Health, Shanghai University of Sport, Shanghai 200438, PR China
| | - Min Chen
- School of Kinesiology, Shanghai University of Sport, Shanghai 200438, PR China; Shanghai Frontiers Science Research Base of Exercise and Metabolic Health, Shanghai University of Sport, Shanghai 200438, PR China
| | - Wang-Jing Mu
- School of Kinesiology, Shanghai University of Sport, Shanghai 200438, PR China; Shanghai Frontiers Science Research Base of Exercise and Metabolic Health, Shanghai University of Sport, Shanghai 200438, PR China
| | - Hong-Yang Luo
- School of Kinesiology, Shanghai University of Sport, Shanghai 200438, PR China; Shanghai Frontiers Science Research Base of Exercise and Metabolic Health, Shanghai University of Sport, Shanghai 200438, PR China
| | - Liang Guo
- School of Kinesiology, Shanghai University of Sport, Shanghai 200438, PR China; Shanghai Frontiers Science Research Base of Exercise and Metabolic Health, Shanghai University of Sport, Shanghai 200438, PR China.
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Arabzadeh E, Reza Rahimi A, Zargani M, Feyz Simorghi Z, Emami S, Sheikhi S, Zaeri Amirani Z, Yousefi P, Sarshin A, Aghaei F, Feizollahi F. Resistance exercise promotes functional test via sciatic nerve regeneration, and muscle atrophy improvement through GAP-43 regulation in animal model of traumatic nerve injuries. Neurosci Lett 2022; 787:136812. [PMID: 35872241 DOI: 10.1016/j.neulet.2022.136812] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/14/2022] [Revised: 07/12/2022] [Accepted: 07/19/2022] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Resistance training improves muscle strength through a combination of neural plasticity and muscle hypertrophy. This study aimed to evaluate the effects of resistance exercise on sciatic nerve regeneration and histology, growth-associated protein 43 (GAP-43) expressions, and soleus muscle atrophy following traumatic nerve injuries in Wistar rats. In the present study, 40 male Wistar rats were randomly assigned into four groups: healthy control (HC) as a sham group was exposed to the surgical procedures without any sciatic nerve compression, lesioned control (LC), resistance training (RT,non-lesioned), and lesioned rats+RT (LRT) (n=10 in each). The RT group performed a resistance-training program 5 days/week for 4 weeks. Sciatic functional index (SFI) score, beam score and Basso, Beattie, and Bresnahan (BBB) score decreased and the hot plate time increased significantly in the LC group compared to the HC (p<0.05) group. However, the LRT group showed a significant increase in the SFI score (p=0.001) and a significant decrease in hot plate time (p=0.0232) compared to the LC group. The LC group also showed neurological morphological damage and muscle atrophy and a decrease in GAP-43 in nerve tissue. In comparison to the LC group, a significant increase in sciatic nerve caliber, diameter, number of muscle fibers, and the expression of GAP-43 (p<0.05) was observed in the LRT group. Doing resistance training even for four weeks seems to affect sciatic nerve lesions and injuries. It can also repair and regenerate nerve tissue by upregulating GAP-43 expression, improving motor behavioral tests, and controlling muscle atrophy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ehsan Arabzadeh
- Exercise Physiology Research Center, Life Style Institute, Baqiyatallah University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Ali Reza Rahimi
- Department of Exercise Physiology, Islamic Azad University, Karaj Branch, Karaj, Alborz, Iran
| | - Mehdi Zargani
- Department of Exercise Physiology, Islamic Azad University, Karaj Branch, Karaj, Alborz, Iran
| | - Zeinab Feyz Simorghi
- Department of Exercise Physiology, Islamic Azad University, Karaj Branch, Karaj, Alborz, Iran
| | - Shaghayegh Emami
- Department of Exercise Physiology, Islamic Azad University, Karaj Branch, Karaj, Alborz, Iran
| | - Sahar Sheikhi
- Department of Exercise Physiology, Islamic Azad University, Karaj Branch, Karaj, Alborz, Iran
| | - Zeinab Zaeri Amirani
- Department of Exercise Physiology, Islamic Azad University, Karaj Branch, Karaj, Alborz, Iran
| | - Parisa Yousefi
- Department of Exercise Physiology, Islamic Azad University, Karaj Branch, Karaj, Alborz, Iran
| | - Amir Sarshin
- Clinical Care and Health Promotion Research Center, Karaj branch, Islamic Azad University, Karaj, Iran
| | - Fariba Aghaei
- Clinical Care and Health Promotion Research Center, Karaj branch, Islamic Azad University, Karaj, Iran
| | - Foad Feizollahi
- Clinical Care and Health Promotion Research Center, Karaj branch, Islamic Azad University, Karaj, Iran.
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Kajikawa M, Higashi Y. Obesity and Endothelial Function. Biomedicines 2022; 10:biomedicines10071745. [PMID: 35885049 PMCID: PMC9313026 DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines10071745] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/25/2022] [Revised: 07/16/2022] [Accepted: 07/16/2022] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Obesity is a major public health problem and is related to increasing rates of cardiovascular morbidity and mortality. Over 1.9 billion adults are overweight or obese worldwide and the prevalence of obesity is increasing. Obesity influences endothelial function through obesity-related complications such as hypertension, dyslipidemia, diabetes, metabolic syndrome, and obstructive sleep apnea syndrome. The excess fat accumulation in obesity causes adipocyte dysfunction and induces oxidative stress, insulin resistance, and inflammation leading to endothelial dysfunction. Several anthropometric indices and imaging modalities that are used to evaluate obesity have demonstrated an association between obesity and endothelial function. In the past few decades, there has been great focus on the mechanisms underlying endothelial dysfunction caused by obesity for the prevention and treatment of cardiovascular events. This review focuses on pathophysiological mechanisms of obesity-induced endothelial dysfunction and therapeutic targets of obesity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Masato Kajikawa
- Division of Regeneration and Medicine, Medical Center for Translational and Clinical Research, Hiroshima University Hospital, 1-2-3 Kasumi, Minami-ku, Hiroshima 734-8551, Japan;
| | - Yukihito Higashi
- Division of Regeneration and Medicine, Medical Center for Translational and Clinical Research, Hiroshima University Hospital, 1-2-3 Kasumi, Minami-ku, Hiroshima 734-8551, Japan;
- Department of Regenerative Medicine, Division of Radiation Medical Science, Research Institute for Radiation Biology and Medicine, Hiroshima University, 1-2-3 Kasumi, Minami-ku, Hiroshima 734-8551, Japan
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +81-82-257-5831
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Hastings MH, Herrera JJ, Guseh JS, Atlason B, Houstis NE, Abdul Kadir A, Li H, Sheffield C, Singh AP, Roh JD, Day SM, Rosenzweig A. Animal Models of Exercise From Rodents to Pythons. Circ Res 2022; 130:1994-2014. [PMID: 35679366 PMCID: PMC9202075 DOI: 10.1161/circresaha.122.320247] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Acute and chronic animal models of exercise are commonly used in research. Acute exercise testing is used, often in combination with genetic, pharmacological, or other manipulations, to study the impact of these manipulations on the cardiovascular response to exercise and to detect impairments or improvements in cardiovascular function that may not be evident at rest. Chronic exercise conditioning models are used to study the cardiac phenotypic response to regular exercise training and as a platform for discovery of novel pathways mediating cardiovascular benefits conferred by exercise conditioning that could be exploited therapeutically. The cardiovascular benefits of exercise are well established, and, frequently, molecular manipulations that mimic the pathway changes induced by exercise recapitulate at least some of its benefits. This review discusses approaches for assessing cardiovascular function during an acute exercise challenge in rodents, as well as practical and conceptual considerations in the use of common rodent exercise conditioning models. The case for studying feeding in the Burmese python as a model for exercise-like physiological adaptation is also explored.
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Affiliation(s)
- Margaret H Hastings
- Department of Medicine, Division of Cardiology, Cardiovascular Research Center, Corrigan Minehan Heart Center, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston (M.H.H., J.S.G., B.A., N.E.H., A.A.K., H.L., C.S., A.P.S., J.D.R., A.R.)
| | - Jonathan J Herrera
- Department of Molecular and Integrative Physiology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor (J.J.H.)
| | - J Sawalla Guseh
- Department of Medicine, Division of Cardiology, Cardiovascular Research Center, Corrigan Minehan Heart Center, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston (M.H.H., J.S.G., B.A., N.E.H., A.A.K., H.L., C.S., A.P.S., J.D.R., A.R.)
| | - Bjarni Atlason
- Department of Medicine, Division of Cardiology, Cardiovascular Research Center, Corrigan Minehan Heart Center, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston (M.H.H., J.S.G., B.A., N.E.H., A.A.K., H.L., C.S., A.P.S., J.D.R., A.R.)
| | - Nicholas E Houstis
- Department of Medicine, Division of Cardiology, Cardiovascular Research Center, Corrigan Minehan Heart Center, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston (M.H.H., J.S.G., B.A., N.E.H., A.A.K., H.L., C.S., A.P.S., J.D.R., A.R.)
| | - Azrul Abdul Kadir
- Department of Medicine, Division of Cardiology, Cardiovascular Research Center, Corrigan Minehan Heart Center, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston (M.H.H., J.S.G., B.A., N.E.H., A.A.K., H.L., C.S., A.P.S., J.D.R., A.R.)
| | - Haobo Li
- Department of Medicine, Division of Cardiology, Cardiovascular Research Center, Corrigan Minehan Heart Center, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston (M.H.H., J.S.G., B.A., N.E.H., A.A.K., H.L., C.S., A.P.S., J.D.R., A.R.)
| | - Cedric Sheffield
- Department of Medicine, Division of Cardiology, Cardiovascular Research Center, Corrigan Minehan Heart Center, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston (M.H.H., J.S.G., B.A., N.E.H., A.A.K., H.L., C.S., A.P.S., J.D.R., A.R.)
| | - Anand P Singh
- Department of Medicine, Division of Cardiology, Cardiovascular Research Center, Corrigan Minehan Heart Center, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston (M.H.H., J.S.G., B.A., N.E.H., A.A.K., H.L., C.S., A.P.S., J.D.R., A.R.)
| | - Jason D Roh
- Department of Medicine, Division of Cardiology, Cardiovascular Research Center, Corrigan Minehan Heart Center, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston (M.H.H., J.S.G., B.A., N.E.H., A.A.K., H.L., C.S., A.P.S., J.D.R., A.R.)
| | - Sharlene M Day
- Cardiovascular Medicine, Perelman School of Medicine' University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia (S.M.D.)
| | - Anthony Rosenzweig
- Department of Medicine, Division of Cardiology, Cardiovascular Research Center, Corrigan Minehan Heart Center, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston (M.H.H., J.S.G., B.A., N.E.H., A.A.K., H.L., C.S., A.P.S., J.D.R., A.R.)
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Inoue K, Fujie S, Horii N, Yamazaki H, Uchida M, Iemitsu M. Aerobic exercise training-induced follistatin-like 1 secretion in the skeletal muscle is related to arterial stiffness via arterial NO production in obese rats. Physiol Rep 2022; 10:e15300. [PMID: 35585770 PMCID: PMC9117810 DOI: 10.14814/phy2.15300] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/18/2021] [Revised: 04/12/2022] [Accepted: 04/18/2022] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Follistatin‐like 1 (FSTL1), which is mainly secreted from skeletal muscle and myocardium, upregulates protein kinase B (Akt) and endothelial nitric oxide synthase (eNOS) phosphorylation in vascular endothelial cells. It is unclear whether skeletal muscle‐ and myocardium‐derived FSTL1 secretion induced by aerobic exercise training is involved in the reduction of arterial stiffness via arterial NO production in obese rats. This study aimed to clarify whether aerobic exercise training‐induced FSTL1 secretion in myocardium and skeletal muscle is associated with a reduction in arterial stiffness via arterial Akt‐eNOS signaling pathway in obese rats. Sixteen Otsuka Long‐Evans Tokushima Fatty (OLETF) obese rats were randomly divided into two groups: sedentary control (OLETF‐CON) and eight‐week aerobic exercise training (treadmill for 60min at 25m/min, 5days/week, OLETF‐AT). Eight Long‐Evans Tokushima Otsuka (LETO) rats were used as a healthy sedentary control group. In OLETF‐CON, serum FSTL1, arterial Akt and eNOS phosphorylation, and arterial nitrite/nitrate (NOx) levels were significantly lower, and carotid‐femoral pulse wave velocity (cfPWV) was significantly greater than those in LETO. These parameters were improved in the OLETF‐AT compared to the OLETF‐CON. In the OLETF‐AT, FSTL1 levels in slow‐twitch fiber‐rich soleus muscle were significantly greater than those in the OLETF‐CON, but not in myocardium, fast‐twitch fiber‐rich tibialis anterior muscle, and adipose tissue. Serum FSTL1 levels were positively correlated with soleus FSTL1, arterial eNOS phosphorylation, and NOx levels and negatively correlated with cfPWV. Thus, aerobic exercise training‐induced FSTL1 secretion in slow‐twitch fiber‐rich muscles may be associated with a reduction in arterial stiffness via arterial NO production in obese rats.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kenichiro Inoue
- Faculty of Sport and Health Science, Ritsumeikan University, Shiga, Japan.,Research Fellow of Japan Society for the Promotion of Science, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Shumpei Fujie
- Faculty of Sport and Health Science, Ritsumeikan University, Shiga, Japan
| | - Naoki Horii
- Research Fellow of Japan Society for the Promotion of Science, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Henry Yamazaki
- Faculty of Sport and Health Science, Ritsumeikan University, Shiga, Japan
| | - Masataka Uchida
- Global Innovation Research Organization, Ritsumeikan University, Shiga, Japan
| | - Motoyuki Iemitsu
- Faculty of Sport and Health Science, Ritsumeikan University, Shiga, Japan
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Effects of Treadmill Exercise on Mitochondrial DNA Damage and Cardiomyocyte Telomerase Activity in Aging Model Rats Based on Classical Apoptosis Signaling Pathway. BIOMED RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2022; 2022:3529499. [PMID: 35463973 PMCID: PMC9023140 DOI: 10.1155/2022/3529499] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/12/2022] [Revised: 03/07/2022] [Accepted: 03/14/2022] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
In order to explore the effect of treadmill exercise on mitochondrial DNA damage and myocardial telomerase activity in aging model rats based on the classical apoptosis signaling pathway, a total of 36 clean-grade male SD rats are selected. After modeling, the rats are randomly divided into groups, namely, control and 3 times/w and 6 times/w exercise rats, with 12 rats in each group. After the rats of each group are modeled, the myocardial tissue and cells are collected, the apoptosis of myocardial cells is detected by TUNEL method, and the protein expressions of Bax and Bcl-2 in myocardial tissue are detected by western blotting. The mtDNA content of the control rats is the highest, which is significantly higher than that of the exercise group (
); the expression of mtDNA content in the heart of the rats exercising 3 times/w is significantly higher than that of the rats exercising 6 times/w (
); cardiomyocyte apoptosis AI value, Bcl-2, and Bax expressions of the control rats is the highest and significantly higher than those in the exercise group (
); Bcl-2/Bax in the control rats is the lowest and is significantly lower than that in the exercise group (
). The AI value, Bcl-2, and Bax expression of myocardial cell apoptosis in 3 times/w exercise rats are significantly higher than those in 6 times/w exercise rats (
); Bcl-2/Bax of 3 times/w exercise rats is significantly lower than that in 6 times/w exercise rats (
); by observing the rats that completed treadmill exercise, Akt2 protein of 3 times/w exercise rats and 6 times/w exercise rats is observed and analyzed. Compared with the control rats, the expressions of the two proteins are increased in 3 times/w exercise rats and 6 times/w exercise rats, and the upregulation in 6 times/w exercise rats is significantly increased and higher than that in 3 times/w exercise rats (
). For aging rats, treadmill exercise can reduce the body Bcl-2 and Bax values, improve the mitochondrial DNA damage and myocardial cell telomerase activity in aging model rats, and slow down the aging process.
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Abstract
Higd1a is a conserved gene in evolution which is widely expressed in many tissues in mammals. Accumulating evidence has revealed multiple functions of Higd1a, as a mitochondrial inner membrane protein, in the regulation of metabolic homeostasis. It plays an important role in anti-apoptosis and promotes cellular survival in several cell types under hypoxic condition. And the survival of porcine Sertoli cells facilitated by Higd1a helps to support reproduction. In some cases, Higd1a can serve as a sign of metabolic stress. Over the past several years, a considerable amount of studies about how tumor fate is determined and how cancerous proliferation is regulated by Higd1a have been performed. In this review, we summarize the physiological functions of Higd1a in metabolic homeostasis and its pathophysiological roles in distinct diseases including cancer, nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD), type II diabetes and mitochondrial diseases. The prospect of Higd1a with potential to preserve mammal health is also discussed. This review might pave the way for Higd1a-based research and application in clinical practice.
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Li BY, Guo YY, Xiao G, Guo L, Tang QQ. SERPINA3C ameliorates adipose tissue inflammation through the Cathepsin G/Integrin/AKT pathway. Mol Metab 2022; 61:101500. [PMID: 35436587 PMCID: PMC9062745 DOI: 10.1016/j.molmet.2022.101500] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/11/2022] [Revised: 04/10/2022] [Accepted: 04/13/2022] [Indexed: 11/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Objective Due to the increasing prevalence of obesity and insulin resistance, there is an urgent need for better treatment of obesity and its related metabolic disorders. This study aimed to elucidate the role of SERPINA3C, an adipocyte secreted protein, in obesity and related metabolic disorders. Methods Male wild type (WT) and knockout (KO) mice were fed with high-fat diet (HFD) for 16 weeks, adiposity, insulin resistance, and inflammation were assessed. AAV-mediated overexpression of SERPINA3C was injected locally in inguinal white adipose tissue (iWAT) to examine the effect of SERPINA3C. In vitro analyses were conducted in 3T3-L1 adipocytes to explore the molecular pathways underlying the function of SERPINA3C. Results Functional exploration of the SERPINA3C knockout mice revealed that SERPINA3C deficiency led to an impaired metabolic phenotype (more severe obesity, lower metabolic rates, worse glucose intolerance and insulin insensitivity), which was associated with anabatic inflammation and apoptosis of white adipose tissues. Consistent with these results, overexpression of SERPINA3C in inguinal adipose tissue protected mice against diet-induced obesity and metabolic disorders with less inflammation and apoptosis in adipose tissue. Mechanistically, SERPINA3C inhibited Cathepsin G activity, acting as a serine protease inhibitor, which blocked Cathepsin G-mediated turnover of α5/β1 Integrin protein. Then, the preserved integrity (increase) of α5/β1 Integrin signaling activated AKT to decrease JNK phosphorylation, thereby inhibiting inflammation and promoting insulin sensitivity in adipocytes. Conclusions/interpretation These findings demonstrate a previously unknown SERPINA3C/Cathepsin G/Integrin/AKT pathway in regulating adipose tissue inflammation, and suggest the therapeutic potential of targeting SERPINA3C/Cathepsin G axis in adipose tissue for the treatment of obesity and metabolic diseases. SERPINA3C deletion aggravated HFD-induced obesity, insulin resistance and inflammation in mice. Overexpression of SERPINA3C in iWAT alleviated HFD-induced obesity, insulin resistance and inflammation. SERPINA3C relieved adipose inflammation by inhibiting Cathepsin G-mediated turnover of Integrin α5/β1 to activate AKT. The SERPINA3C/Cathepsin G axis in adipose might be a potential therapeutic target for type 2 diabetes and obesity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bai-Yu Li
- Key Laboratory of Metabolism and Molecular Medicine of the Ministry of Education, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology of School of Basic Medical Sciences and Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism of Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200032, China
| | - Ying-Ying Guo
- Key Laboratory of Metabolism and Molecular Medicine of the Ministry of Education, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology of School of Basic Medical Sciences and Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism of Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200032, China
| | - Gang Xiao
- Key Laboratory of Metabolism and Molecular Medicine of the Ministry of Education, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology of School of Basic Medical Sciences and Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism of Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200032, China
| | - Liang Guo
- School of Kinesiology, and Shanghai Frontiers Science Research Base of Exercise and Metabolic Health, Shanghai University of Sport, Shanghai, 200438, China.
| | - Qi-Qun Tang
- Key Laboratory of Metabolism and Molecular Medicine of the Ministry of Education, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology of School of Basic Medical Sciences and Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism of Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200032, China.
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Water Treadmill Training Ameliorates Neurite Outgrowth Inhibition Associated with NGR/RhoA/ROCK by Inhibiting Astrocyte Activation following Spinal Cord Injury. OXIDATIVE MEDICINE AND CELLULAR LONGEVITY 2022; 2022:1724362. [PMID: 35387259 PMCID: PMC8977293 DOI: 10.1155/2022/1724362] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/07/2021] [Revised: 11/19/2021] [Accepted: 03/13/2022] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
Spinal cord injury (SCI) often results in damage to or degeneration of axons. Crosstalk between astrocytes and neurons plays a pivotal role in neurite outgrowth following SCI. Rehabilitative training is a recognized method for the treatment of SCI, but the specific mechanism underlying its effect on axonal outgrowth in the central nervous system (CNS) has not yet been determined. A total of 190 adult male SD rats weighing 200–250 g were randomly divided into eight groups for use as animal models of SCI. Rats were subjected to water treadmill training (TT) for 7 or 14 d. The Basso-Beattie-Bresnahan (BBB) motor function scale, hematoxylin-eosin (HE) staining, Nissl staining, Western blotting, and immunofluorescence were used to measure tissue morphology and the degree of neurological deficit and to determine quantitative expression and accurate localization of the corresponding proteins. We found that TT decreased tissue structure damage and improved functional recovery. TT also promoted the regeneration of neurons and reduced SCI-induced apoptosis SCI around the lesion, as well as significantly increasing the expression of GAP43 and NF200 after SCI. In addition, TT significantly inhibited the injury-induced increase in the expression of proinflammatory factors. Moreover, TT reduced the activation of astrocytes and microglia, accompanied by the reduced expression of C3d and increased expression of S100A10. Finally, TT effectively reduced the level of chondroitin sulfate proteoglycan (CSPG) surrounding the lesion and inhibited the NGR/RhoA/ROCK signaling pathway in neurons after SCI. Overall, we found that TT played a novel role in recovery from SCI by promoting axonal outgrowth associated with NGR/RhoA/ROCK signaling by inhibiting astrocyte activation after SCI.
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Wei M, Guo M, Meng X, Li L, Wang H, Zhang M, Bei Y. PPARγ Mediates the Cardioprotective Roles of Danlou Tablet After Acute Myocardial Ischemia-Reperfusion Injury. Front Cardiovasc Med 2022; 9:858909. [PMID: 35402529 PMCID: PMC8990898 DOI: 10.3389/fcvm.2022.858909] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/20/2022] [Accepted: 02/28/2022] [Indexed: 02/02/2023] Open
Abstract
Ischemic heart disease is one of the biggest threats to human life in the world. Reperfusion therapy is an effective strategy to reduce infarct size and ischemic injury. However, reperfusion process may cause secondary myocardial injury which is defined as ischemia-reperfusion injury (IRI). Exploring potential therapeutic strategy to attenuate IRI is extremely important. Danlou tablet (Dan), a Chinese herbal compound consisting of ten herbs, has been identified to be protective for the heart. However, the mechanism of Dan-induced cardioprotection after acute reperfusion was unelucidated. In this study, to investigate the role and mechanism of Dan in myocardial IRI, we performed acute IRI modeling in mice and oxygen-glucose deprivation–reperfusion (OGD/R)-induced apoptosis in primary neonatal rat cardiomyocytes (NRCMs). We found that Dan had protective effect against acute IRI in mice, as evidenced by reduced infarct size, TUNEL-positive cardiomyocytes (CMs), and Bax/Bcl2 ratio and cleaved-caspase 3/caspase 3 ratio in vivo. Meanwhile, Dan inhibited OGD/R-induced apoptosis of NRCMs in vitro. Mechanistically, Dan could activate proliferator-activated receptor gamma (PPARγ) in both IRI hearts and OGD/R-stressed NRCMs, while inhibition of PPARγ attenuated the protective effect of Dan against IRI in vivo and OGD/R-induced CM apoptosis in vitro. These data reveal that Dan attenuates acute myocardial IRI and CM apoptosis through activating PPARγ. Our findings may extend the knowledge of Chinese medicine and provide potential strategy for the precise treatment of ischemic heart diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Meng Wei
- Cardiac Regeneration and Ageing Lab, Institute of Geriatrics (Shanghai University), Affiliated Nantong Hospital of Shanghai University (The Sixth People's Hospital of Nantong), School of Medicine, Shanghai University, Nantong, China
- Shanghai Engineering Research Center of Organ Repair, School of Life Science, Shanghai University, Shanghai, China
| | - Mengying Guo
- Cardiac Regeneration and Ageing Lab, Institute of Geriatrics (Shanghai University), Affiliated Nantong Hospital of Shanghai University (The Sixth People's Hospital of Nantong), School of Medicine, Shanghai University, Nantong, China
- Shanghai Engineering Research Center of Organ Repair, School of Life Science, Shanghai University, Shanghai, China
| | - Xinxiu Meng
- Cardiac Regeneration and Ageing Lab, Institute of Geriatrics (Shanghai University), Affiliated Nantong Hospital of Shanghai University (The Sixth People's Hospital of Nantong), School of Medicine, Shanghai University, Nantong, China
- Shanghai Engineering Research Center of Organ Repair, School of Life Science, Shanghai University, Shanghai, China
| | - Lin Li
- Cardiac Regeneration and Ageing Lab, Institute of Geriatrics (Shanghai University), Affiliated Nantong Hospital of Shanghai University (The Sixth People's Hospital of Nantong), School of Medicine, Shanghai University, Nantong, China
- Shanghai Engineering Research Center of Organ Repair, School of Life Science, Shanghai University, Shanghai, China
| | - Hongyun Wang
- Cardiac Regeneration and Ageing Lab, Institute of Geriatrics (Shanghai University), Affiliated Nantong Hospital of Shanghai University (The Sixth People's Hospital of Nantong), School of Medicine, Shanghai University, Nantong, China
- Shanghai Engineering Research Center of Organ Repair, School of Life Science, Shanghai University, Shanghai, China
- *Correspondence: Hongyun Wang
| | - Mingxue Zhang
- Affiliated Hospital of Liaoning University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shenyang, China
- Mingxue Zhang
| | - Yihua Bei
- Cardiac Regeneration and Ageing Lab, Institute of Geriatrics (Shanghai University), Affiliated Nantong Hospital of Shanghai University (The Sixth People's Hospital of Nantong), School of Medicine, Shanghai University, Nantong, China
- Shanghai Engineering Research Center of Organ Repair, School of Life Science, Shanghai University, Shanghai, China
- Yihua Bei
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Thonusin C, Pantiya P, Sumneang N, Chunchai T, Nawara W, Arunsak B, Siri-Angkul N, Sriwichaiin S, Chattipakorn SC, Chattipakorn N. Effectiveness of high cardiorespiratory fitness in cardiometabolic protection in prediabetic rats. Mol Med 2022; 28:31. [PMID: 35272616 PMCID: PMC8908596 DOI: 10.1186/s10020-022-00458-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/09/2021] [Accepted: 02/23/2022] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Caloric restriction and exercise are lifestyle interventions that effectively attenuate cardiometabolic impairment. However, cardioprotective effects of long-term lifestyle interventions and short-term lifestyle interventions followed by weight maintenance in prediabetes have never been compared. High cardiorespiratory fitness (CRF) has been shown to provide protection against prediabetes and cardiovascular diseases, however, the interactions between CRF, prediabetes, caloric restriction, and exercise on cardiometabolic health has never been investigated. Methods Seven-week-old male Wistar rats were fed with either a normal diet (ND; n = 6) or a high-fat diet (HFD; n = 30) to induce prediabetes for 12 weeks. Baseline CRF and cardiometabolic parameters were determined at this timepoint. The ND-fed rats were fed continuously with a ND for 16 more weeks. The HFD-fed rats were divided into 5 groups (n = 6/group) to receive one of the following: (1) a HFD without any intervention for 16 weeks, (2) 40% caloric restriction for 6 weeks followed by an ad libitum ND for 10 weeks, (3) 40% caloric restriction for 16 weeks, (4) a HFD plus an exercise training program for 6 weeks followed by a ND without exercise for 10 weeks, or (5) a HFD plus an exercise training program for 16 weeks. At the end of the interventions, CRF and cardiometabolic parameters were re-assessed. Then, all rats were euthanized and heart tissues were collected. Results Either short-term caloric restriction or exercise followed by weight maintenance ameliorated cardiometabolic impairment in prediabetes, as indicated by increased insulin sensitivity, improved blood lipid profile, improved mitochondrial function and oxidative phosphorylation, reduced oxidative stress and inflammation, and improved cardiac function. However, these benefits were not as effective as those of either long-term caloric restriction or exercise. Interestingly, high-level baseline CRF was correlated with favorable cardiac and metabolic profiles at follow-up in prediabetic rats, both with and without lifestyle interventions. Conclusions Short-term lifestyle modification followed by weight maintenance improves cardiometabolic health in prediabetes. High CRF exerted protection against cardiometabolic impairment in prediabetes, both with and without lifestyle modification. These findings suggest that targeting the enhancement of CRF may contribute to the more effective treatment of prediabetes-induced cardiometabolic impairment. Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1186/s10020-022-00458-9.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chanisa Thonusin
- Cardiac Electrophysiology Unit, Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai, Thailand.,Cardiac Electrophysiology Research and Training Center, Faculty of Medicine, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai, Thailand.,Center of Excellence in Cardiac Electrophysiology Research, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai, Thailand
| | - Patcharapong Pantiya
- Cardiac Electrophysiology Unit, Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai, Thailand.,Cardiac Electrophysiology Research and Training Center, Faculty of Medicine, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai, Thailand.,Center of Excellence in Cardiac Electrophysiology Research, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai, Thailand
| | - Natticha Sumneang
- Cardiac Electrophysiology Unit, Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai, Thailand.,Cardiac Electrophysiology Research and Training Center, Faculty of Medicine, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai, Thailand.,Center of Excellence in Cardiac Electrophysiology Research, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai, Thailand
| | - Titikorn Chunchai
- Cardiac Electrophysiology Research and Training Center, Faculty of Medicine, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai, Thailand.,Center of Excellence in Cardiac Electrophysiology Research, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai, Thailand
| | - Wichwara Nawara
- Cardiac Electrophysiology Research and Training Center, Faculty of Medicine, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai, Thailand.,Center of Excellence in Cardiac Electrophysiology Research, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai, Thailand
| | - Busarin Arunsak
- Cardiac Electrophysiology Research and Training Center, Faculty of Medicine, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai, Thailand.,Center of Excellence in Cardiac Electrophysiology Research, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai, Thailand
| | - Natthaphat Siri-Angkul
- Cardiac Electrophysiology Unit, Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai, Thailand.,Cardiac Electrophysiology Research and Training Center, Faculty of Medicine, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai, Thailand.,Center of Excellence in Cardiac Electrophysiology Research, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai, Thailand
| | - Sirawit Sriwichaiin
- Cardiac Electrophysiology Unit, Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai, Thailand.,Cardiac Electrophysiology Research and Training Center, Faculty of Medicine, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai, Thailand.,Center of Excellence in Cardiac Electrophysiology Research, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai, Thailand
| | - Siriporn C Chattipakorn
- Cardiac Electrophysiology Research and Training Center, Faculty of Medicine, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai, Thailand.,Center of Excellence in Cardiac Electrophysiology Research, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai, Thailand.,Department of Oral Biology and Diagnostic Sciences, Faculty of Dentistry, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai, Thailand
| | - Nipon Chattipakorn
- Cardiac Electrophysiology Unit, Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai, Thailand. .,Cardiac Electrophysiology Research and Training Center, Faculty of Medicine, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai, Thailand. .,Center of Excellence in Cardiac Electrophysiology Research, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai, Thailand.
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Chen M, Zhu JY, Mu WJ, Guo L. Cysteine dioxygenase type 1 (CDO1): its functional role in physiological and pathophysiological processes. Genes Dis 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.gendis.2021.12.023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
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Appleyard CB, Cruz ML, Velazquez-Cruz J, Rivera-Mendez RM, Jimenez-Garcia JG, Rivera LA, Mendez-Casillas MDM, Flores I, Al-Nakkash L, Chompre G. Voluntary Wheel Running Reduces Vesicle Development in an Endometriosis Animal Model Through Modulation of Immune Parameters. FRONTIERS IN REPRODUCTIVE HEALTH 2022; 3. [PMID: 36284640 PMCID: PMC9580825 DOI: 10.3389/frph.2021.826541] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Introduction Endometriosis is a chronic gynecological disorder characterized by the growth of endometrial glands and stroma outside the endometrial cavity producing inflammation and pain. Previously we demonstrated that modulation of the hypothalamic pituitary adrenal (HPA) axis exacerbates the development and severity of this condition. A physically active lifestyle has been shown to confer health benefits in many chronic conditions by potentially acting as a stress buffer, thus we hypothesized that voluntary physical exercise can “realign/reset” the HPA axis resulting in reduced endometriosis symptoms in an animal model. Methods Endometriosis was induced in female Sprague Dawley rats by implanting uterine tissue next to the intestinal mesentery on day 0. Sham controls received sutures only. One group of endometriosis animals had access to a running wheel for 2 weeks prior to endometriosis induction until time of sacrifice at day 60. Sham and endometriosis controls received no exercise. All animals were examined for developed vesicles which were collected and measured. Uterine tissue was analyzed for cellular infiltration. Brain, liver, spleen, adrenal glands, leg muscles, and fat were collected, along with peritoneal fluid and blood. Results Endometriosis animals developed vesicles in 86.96% of the implants with significantly increased mesenteric fat compared to sham (p < 0.05). Exposure to exercise significantly decreased the size (p < 0.01) and number (p < 0.05) of vesicles that developed, as well as the mesenteric fat (p < 0.01). Exercised animals had higher levels of lactoferrin in peritoneal fluid, and decreased serum fractalkine and leptin. Exercise significantly increased estrogen alpha receptor expression levels (p < 0.01), while significantly decreasing estrogen receptor beta expression (p < 0.01) and macrophage infiltration (p < 0.05) in vesicles compared to non- exercised animals. Conclusions Our results suggest that voluntary physical activity might protect against endometriosis and alleviate the associated inflammation via immune modulation of the HPA axis. This offers the potential for further exploration of exercise as a complementary therapy in endometriosis patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Caroline B. Appleyard
- Department of Basic Sciences, Ponce Research Institute, Ponce Health Sciences University-Medical School, Ponce, Puerto Rico
- *Correspondence: Caroline B. Appleyard
| | - Myrella L. Cruz
- Department of Basic Sciences, Ponce Research Institute, Ponce Health Sciences University-Medical School, Ponce, Puerto Rico
| | | | - Raquel M. Rivera-Mendez
- Department of Basic Sciences, Ponce Research Institute, Ponce Health Sciences University-Medical School, Ponce, Puerto Rico
| | - Juan G. Jimenez-Garcia
- Department of Basic Sciences, Ponce Research Institute, Ponce Health Sciences University-Medical School, Ponce, Puerto Rico
| | - Luis A. Rivera
- Department of Basic Sciences, Ponce Research Institute, Ponce Health Sciences University-Medical School, Ponce, Puerto Rico
| | | | - Idhaliz Flores
- Department of Basic Sciences, Ponce Research Institute, Ponce Health Sciences University-Medical School, Ponce, Puerto Rico
| | - Layla Al-Nakkash
- Department of Physiology, Midwestern University, Glendale, AZ, United States
| | - Gladys Chompre
- Department of Basic Sciences, Ponce Research Institute, Ponce Health Sciences University-Medical School, Ponce, Puerto Rico
- Biology Department, Pontifical Catholic University of Puerto Rico, Ponce, Puerto Rico
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Delphan M, Delfan N, West D, Delfan M. Exercise protocols: The gap between preclinical and clinical exercise oncology studies. Metabol Open 2022; 13:100165. [PMID: 35146403 PMCID: PMC8801378 DOI: 10.1016/j.metop.2022.100165] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/19/2021] [Revised: 01/18/2022] [Accepted: 01/19/2022] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Introduction Preclinical studies provide foundational knowledge to develop new effective treatments for use in clinical practice. Similar to clinical exercise oncology studies, it is also important to monitor, identify and/or avoid cancer-induced complications in preclinical (e.g., murine) exercise oncology studies. This may help close the gap between preclinical and clinical exercise oncology studies. The aim of the present mini review is to provide insight into exercise protocol design in preclinical exercise oncology studies in order to close the preclinical-clinical gap. A secondary aim was to examine exercise-responsive outcomes in the preclinical versus clinical setting. Method We reviewed animal studies in exercise oncology. A literature search was performed in PubMed/Medline and studies in English were screened. Results We found that the majority of preclinical exercise protocols have not been at least tested clinically. We found some evidence that certain outcomes of preclinical studies (e.g., markers of cellular and molecular adaptation) that translate to clinical studies. However, this translation was dependent on the use, by investigators in their study design, of suitable and applicable preclinical exercise protocols. Conclusions Cancer and its treatment-induced complications (e.g., fatigue, cardiac atrophy, cachexia, etc.) have largely been ignored in the exercise protocols of preclinical oncology studies. Preclinical exercise oncology studies should consider the limitations of human exercise oncology studies when conducting gap analysis for their study design to increase the probability that findings related to mechanistic adaptations in exercise oncology will be translatable to the clinical setting. By virtue of paying heed to patient compliance and adverse effects, clinical exercise oncology research teams must design relevant, feasible exercise protocols; researchers in preclinical exercise oncology should also take such factors into consideration in order to help bridge the gap between preclinical and clinical studies in exercise oncology. Preclinical research provides foundational knowledge for the development of human experimental and clinical studies; however, direct translation of preclinical findings has a low success rate. Exercise can provide potent wide-ranging beneficial effects for people with chronic diseases, including cancer. A minority of preclinical exercise oncology studies account for cancer-related factors in their experimental design. To lessen the preclinical–clinical gap in exercise oncology research, preclinical exercise oncology studies should consider using experimental designs that are based on locomotor activity and/or VO2peak in animals bearing cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mahmoud Delphan
- Department of Physical Education and Sport Sciences, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran
| | - Neda Delfan
- Department of Exercise Physiology, Faculty of Physical Education and Sport Sciences, University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran
| | - Daniel West
- KITE Research, Toronto Rehabilitation Institute, University Health Network, Toronto, Canada
- Faculty of Kinesiology and Physical Education, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Maryam Delfan
- Department of Exercise Physiology, Faculty of Physical Education and Sport Sciences, Alzahra University, Tehran, Iran
- Corresponding author. Department of Exercise Physiology, Faculty of Physical Education and Sport Sciences, Alzahra University, Vanak Village Street, Tehran, Iran.
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Zhang Y, Huang Z, Xia H, Xiong J, Ma X, Liu C. The benefits of exercise for outcome improvement following traumatic brain injury: Evidence, pitfalls and future perspectives. Exp Neurol 2021; 349:113958. [PMID: 34951984 DOI: 10.1016/j.expneurol.2021.113958] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/15/2021] [Revised: 12/04/2021] [Accepted: 12/15/2021] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Traumatic brain injury (TBI), also known as a silent epidemic, is currently a substantial public health problem worldwide. Given the increased energy demands following brain injury, relevant guidelines tend to recommend absolute physical and cognitive rest for patients post-TBI. Nevertheless, recent evidence suggests that strict rest does not provide additional benefits to patients' recovery. By contrast, as a cost-effective non-pharmacological therapy, exercise has shown promise for enhancing functional outcomes after injury. This article summarizes the most recent evidence supporting the beneficial effects of exercise on TBI outcomes, focusing on the efficacy of exercise for cognitive recovery after injury and its potential mechanisms. Available evidence demonstrates the potential of exercise in improving cognitive impairment, mood disorders, and post-concussion syndrome following TBI. However, the clinical application for exercise rehabilitation in TBI remains challenging, particularly due to the inadequacy of the existing clinical evaluation system. Also, a better understanding of the underlying mechanisms whereby exercise promotes its most beneficial effects post-TBI will aid in the development of new clinical strategies to best benefit of these patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yulan Zhang
- Cognitive & Sports Neuroscience Laboratory, National Demonstration Center for Experimental Sports Science Education, College of Physical Education and Sports Science, South China Normal University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510006, China; Laboratory of Laser Sports Medicine, College of Physical Education and Sports Science, South China Normal University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510006, China
| | - Zhihai Huang
- Cognitive & Sports Neuroscience Laboratory, National Demonstration Center for Experimental Sports Science Education, College of Physical Education and Sports Science, South China Normal University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510006, China
| | - Honglin Xia
- Laboratory of Regenerative Medicine in Sports Science, College of Physical Education and Sports Science, South China Normal University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510006, China
| | - Jing Xiong
- Cognitive & Sports Neuroscience Laboratory, National Demonstration Center for Experimental Sports Science Education, College of Physical Education and Sports Science, South China Normal University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510006, China; Laboratory of Laser Sports Medicine, College of Physical Education and Sports Science, South China Normal University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510006, China
| | - Xu Ma
- Cognitive & Sports Neuroscience Laboratory, National Demonstration Center for Experimental Sports Science Education, College of Physical Education and Sports Science, South China Normal University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510006, China; Laboratory of Laser Sports Medicine, College of Physical Education and Sports Science, South China Normal University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510006, China
| | - Chengyi Liu
- Laboratory of Laser Sports Medicine, College of Physical Education and Sports Science, South China Normal University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510006, China.
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Ma R, Hou Y, Zhang Y, He M, Gao S, Kaudimba KK, Lin K, Jin L, Liu T, Wang R. The Efficacy of Tai Chi and Stretching Exercises Based on a Smartphone Application for Patients With Parkinson's Disease: A Protocol for a Randomized Controlled Trial. Front Neurol 2021; 12:731606. [PMID: 34777200 PMCID: PMC8581180 DOI: 10.3389/fneur.2021.731606] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/27/2021] [Accepted: 09/24/2021] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Introduction: Parkinson's disease (PD) is a common neurodegenerative disease that seriously impairs patients' quality of life, and increases the burden of patients and caregivers. Both drugs and exercise can alleviate its motor and non-motor symptoms, improving the quality of life for PD patients. Telehealth, an increasingly popular tool, makes rehabilitation accessible at home, overcoming the inconvenience of traffic and scheduling. Care-PD is a phone application designed for rehabilitation training, which provides Tai Chi and stretching exercises through tutorial videos as well as an online evaluation system. In this protocol, we will explore the efficacy of Tai Chi and stretching exercises as a PD rehabilitation therapy based on the smartphone application Care-PD. Methods and Analysis: A double-blind, parallel randomized controlled trial will be conducted in this study. The recruitment, intervention, and evaluation processes will be implemented through the Care-PD application. Persons with PD will fill out questionnaires on Activities of Daily Living (ADL), upload the latest case report, and sign the informed consent form in the application. Afterward, doctors and researchers will screen and enroll 180 participants who will be randomly (1:1:1) assigned to Tai Chi group, stretching exercises group, or control group. The subjects will participate in a 1-h exercise session three times per week for 12 weeks, ending with another 4 weeks of follow-up study. Each exercise session includes 10 min of warm-up, 45 min of exercise, and 5 min of cool-down. The primary outcomes are Motor Aspects of Experiences of Daily Living and the 39-item Parkinson's disease Questionnaire. The secondary outcomes include the 9-item Wearing-Off Questionnaire, the Freezing of Gait Questionnaire, the Caregiver Strain Index, Non-motor Experiences of Daily Living, ADL, and Morse Fall Scale. All assessments will be performed at baseline, week 12 and 16. Discussion: Care-PD integrates subject recruitment, intervention, and evaluation, providing a new perspective on clinical rehabilitation for persons with PD. This study will evaluate the efficacy of Tai Chi and stretching exercises on patients' quality of life and disease progression based on a smartphone application. We aim to provide a new rehabilitation training platform for persons with PD. Ethics and Dissemination: This study was approved by the Scientific Research Ethics Committee (102772020RT132) of Shanghai University of Sport. Data collection begins after the approval of the ethics committee. The participants must sign an informed consent form before enrollment. The results will be published in relevant journals, seminars, and be disseminated among rehabilitation practitioners and patients with PD. Clinical Trial Registration: Chinese Clinical Trial Registry, identifier [ChiCTR2100042096]. Registered on January 13, 2021.
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Affiliation(s)
- Renyan Ma
- School of Kinesiology, Shanghai University of Sport, Shanghai, China
| | - Yuning Hou
- School of Kinesiology, Shanghai University of Sport, Shanghai, China
| | - Yiyin Zhang
- School of Kinesiology, Shanghai University of Sport, Shanghai, China
| | - Muyang He
- Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Song Gao
- School of Kinesiology, Shanghai University of Sport, Shanghai, China
| | | | - Kaiqing Lin
- School of Kinesiology, Shanghai University of Sport, Shanghai, China
| | - Lingjing Jin
- Department of Neurology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji University, Shanghai, China
| | - Tiemin Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Genetic Engineering, School of Life Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Ru Wang
- School of Kinesiology, Shanghai University of Sport, Shanghai, China
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Exercise-Mediated Browning of White Adipose Tissue: Its Significance, Mechanism and Effectiveness. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:ijms222111512. [PMID: 34768943 PMCID: PMC8583930 DOI: 10.3390/ijms222111512] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/26/2021] [Revised: 10/21/2021] [Accepted: 10/22/2021] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
As a metabolic organ, adipose tissue plays an important role in regulating metabolism. In adults, most adipose tissue is white adipose tissue (WAT), and excessive expansion of WAT will lead to obesity. It is worth noting that exercise can reduce the fat mass. There is also a lot of evidence that exercise can promote the browning of WAT, which is beneficial for metabolic homeostasis. Multiple factors, including reactive oxygen species (ROS), metabolites, nervous system, exerkines and lipolysis can facilitate exercise-mediated browning of WAT. In this review, the roles and the underlying mechanisms of exercise-mediated browning of WAT are summarized. The effects of different styles of exercise on the browning of WAT are also discussed, with the aim to propose better exercise strategies to enhance exercise-mediated browning of WAT, so as to promote metabolic health. Finally, the different reactivity of WAT at different anatomical sites to exercise-mediated browning is reviewed, which may provide potential suggestion for people with different fat loss needs.
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Crites S, Joumaa V, Rios JL, Sawatsky A, Hart DA, Reimer RA, Herzog W. Moderate aerobic exercise, but not dietary prebiotic fibre, attenuates losses to mechanical property integrity of tail tendons in a rat model of diet-induced obesity. J Biomech 2021; 129:110798. [PMID: 34700144 DOI: 10.1016/j.jbiomech.2021.110798] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/03/2021] [Revised: 08/26/2021] [Accepted: 10/03/2021] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Abstract
The purpose of this study was to investigate the alterations with obesity, and the effects of moderate aerobic exercise or prebiotic dietary-fibre supplementation on the mechanical and biochemical properties of the tail tendon in a rat model of high-fat/high-sucrose (HFS) diet-induced obesity. Thirty-two male Sprague-Dawley rats were randomized to chow (n = 8) or HFS (n = 24) diets. After 12-weeks, the HFS fed rats were further randomized into sedentary (HFS sedentary, n = 8), exercise (HFS + E, n = 8) or prebiotic fibre supplementation (HFS + F, n = 8) groups. After another 12-weeks, rats were sacrificed, and one tail tendon was isolated and tested. Stress-relaxation and stretch-to-failure tests were performed to determine mechanical properties (peak, steady-state, yield and failure stresses, Young's modulus, and yield and failure strains) of the tendons. The hydroxyproline content was also analyzed. The HFS sedentary and HFS + F groups had higher final body masses and fat percentages compared to the chow and HFS + E groups. Yield strain was reduced in the HFS sedentary rats compared to the chow rats. Peak and steady-state stresses, failure strain, Young's modulus, and hydroxyproline content were not different across groups. Although the HFS + E group showed higher failure stress, yield stress, and yield strain compared to the HFS sedentary group, HFS + F animals did not produce differences in the properties of the tail tendon compared to the HFS sedentary group. These results indicate that exposure to a HFS diet led to a reduction in the yield strain of the tail tendon and aerobic exercise, but not fibre supplementation, attenuated these diet-related alterations to tendon integrity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stephanie Crites
- Human Performance Laboratory, Faculty of Kinesiology, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada
| | - Venus Joumaa
- Human Performance Laboratory, Faculty of Kinesiology, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada; McCaig Institute for Bone and Joint Health, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada.
| | - Jaqueline L Rios
- Human Performance Laboratory, Faculty of Kinesiology, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada; McCaig Institute for Bone and Joint Health, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada; Regenerative Medicine Center Utrecht, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht, Netherland
| | - Andrew Sawatsky
- Human Performance Laboratory, Faculty of Kinesiology, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada; McCaig Institute for Bone and Joint Health, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada
| | - David A Hart
- Human Performance Laboratory, Faculty of Kinesiology, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada; McCaig Institute for Bone and Joint Health, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada
| | - Raylene A Reimer
- Human Performance Laboratory, Faculty of Kinesiology, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada; McCaig Institute for Bone and Joint Health, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada; Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada
| | - Walter Herzog
- Human Performance Laboratory, Faculty of Kinesiology, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada; McCaig Institute for Bone and Joint Health, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada
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Gao J, Pan X, Li G, Chatterjee E, Xiao J. Physical Exercise Protects Against Endothelial Dysfunction in Cardiovascular and Metabolic Diseases. J Cardiovasc Transl Res 2021; 15:604-620. [PMID: 34533746 PMCID: PMC8447895 DOI: 10.1007/s12265-021-10171-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/15/2021] [Accepted: 09/02/2021] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Increasing evidence shows that endothelial cells play critical roles in maintaining vascular homeostasis, regulating vascular tone, inhibiting inflammatory response, suppressing lipid leakage, and preventing thrombosis. The damage or injury of endothelial cells induced by physical, chemical, and biological risk factors is a leading contributor to the development of mortal cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases. However, the underlying mechanism of endothelial injury remains to be elucidated. Notably, no drugs effectively targeting and mending injured vascular endothelial cells have been approved for clinical practice. There is an urgent need to understand pathways important for repairing injured vasculature that can be targeted with novel therapies. Exercise training-induced protection to endothelial injury has been well documented in clinical trials, and the underlying mechanism has been explored in animal models. This review mainly summarizes the protective effects of exercise on vascular endothelium and the recently identified potential therapeutic targets for endothelial dysfunction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Juan Gao
- Institute of Geriatrics (Shanghai University), Affiliated Nantong Hospital of Shanghai University (The Sixth People's Hospital of Nantong), School of Medicine, Shanghai University, Nantong, 226011, China.,Cardiac Regeneration and Ageing Lab, Institute of Cardiovascular Sciences, Shanghai Engineering Research Center of Organ Repair, School of Life Science, Shanghai University, 333 Nan Chen Road, Shanghai, 200444, China
| | - Xue Pan
- Institute of Geriatrics (Shanghai University), Affiliated Nantong Hospital of Shanghai University (The Sixth People's Hospital of Nantong), School of Medicine, Shanghai University, Nantong, 226011, China.,Cardiac Regeneration and Ageing Lab, Institute of Cardiovascular Sciences, Shanghai Engineering Research Center of Organ Repair, School of Life Science, Shanghai University, 333 Nan Chen Road, Shanghai, 200444, China
| | - Guoping Li
- Cardiovascular Division of the Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, 02114, USA
| | - Emeli Chatterjee
- Cardiovascular Division of the Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, 02114, USA
| | - Junjie Xiao
- Institute of Geriatrics (Shanghai University), Affiliated Nantong Hospital of Shanghai University (The Sixth People's Hospital of Nantong), School of Medicine, Shanghai University, Nantong, 226011, China. .,Cardiac Regeneration and Ageing Lab, Institute of Cardiovascular Sciences, Shanghai Engineering Research Center of Organ Repair, School of Life Science, Shanghai University, 333 Nan Chen Road, Shanghai, 200444, China.
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Sex-Specific Impacts of Exercise on Cardiovascular Remodeling. J Clin Med 2021; 10:jcm10173833. [PMID: 34501285 PMCID: PMC8432130 DOI: 10.3390/jcm10173833] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/20/2021] [Revised: 08/21/2021] [Accepted: 08/21/2021] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Cardiovascular diseases (CVD) remain the leading cause of death in men and women. Biological sex plays a major role in cardiovascular physiology and pathological cardiovascular remodeling. Traditionally, pathological remodeling of cardiovascular system refers to the molecular, cellular, and morphological changes that result from insults, such as myocardial infarction or hypertension. Regular exercise training is known to induce physiological cardiovascular remodeling and beneficial functional adaptation of the cardiovascular apparatus. However, impact of exercise-induced cardiovascular remodeling and functional adaptation varies between males and females. This review aims to compare and contrast sex-specific manifestations of exercise-induced cardiovascular remodeling and functional adaptation. Specifically, we review (1) sex disparities in cardiovascular function, (2) influence of biological sex on exercise-induced cardiovascular remodeling and functional adaptation, and (3) sex-specific impacts of various types, intensities, and durations of exercise training on cardiovascular apparatus. The review highlights both animal and human studies in order to give an all-encompassing view of the exercise-induced sex differences in cardiovascular system and addresses the gaps in knowledge in the field.
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Nhu NT, Cheng YJ, Lee SD. Effects of Treadmill Exercise on Neural Mitochondrial Functions in Parkinson's Disease: A Systematic Review of Animal Studies. Biomedicines 2021; 9:1011. [PMID: 34440215 PMCID: PMC8394716 DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines9081011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/16/2021] [Revised: 08/10/2021] [Accepted: 08/12/2021] [Indexed: 01/09/2023] Open
Abstract
This systematic review sought to determine the effects of treadmill exercise on the neural mitochondrial respiratory deficiency and neural mitochondrial quality-control dysregulation in Parkinson's disease. PubMed, Web of Science, and EMBASE databases were searched through March 2020. The English-published animal studies that mentioned the effects of treadmill exercise on neural mitochondria in Parkinson's disease were included. The CAMARADES checklist was used to assess the methodological quality of the studies. Ten controlled trials were included (median CAMARADES score = 5.7/10) with various treadmill exercise durations (1-18 weeks). Seven studies analyzed the neural mitochondrial respiration, showing that treadmill training attenuated complex I deficits, cytochrome c release, ATP depletion, and complexes II-V abnormalities in Parkinson's disease. Nine studies analyzed the neural mitochondrial quality-control, reporting that treadmill exercise improved mitochondrial biogenesis, mitochondrial fusion, and mitophagy in Parkinson's disease. The review findings supported the hypothesis that treadmill training could attenuate both neural mitochondrial respiratory deficiency and neural mitochondrial quality-control dysregulation in Parkinson's disease, suggesting that treadmill training might slow down the progression of Parkinson's disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nguyen Thanh Nhu
- Faculty of Medicine, Can Tho University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Can Tho 94117, Vietnam;
- Department of Physical Therapy, Graduate Institute of Rehabilitation Science, China Medical University, Taichung 41354, Taiwan;
| | - Yu-Jung Cheng
- Department of Physical Therapy, Graduate Institute of Rehabilitation Science, China Medical University, Taichung 41354, Taiwan;
| | - Shin-Da Lee
- Department of Physical Therapy, Graduate Institute of Rehabilitation Science, China Medical University, Taichung 41354, Taiwan;
- School of Rehabilitation Medicine, Weifang Medical University, Weifang 261053, China
- Department of Physical Therapy, Asia University, Taichung 41354, Taiwan
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Luo M, Cao C, Niebauer J, Yan J, Ma X, Chang Q, Zhang T, Huang X, Liu G. Effects of different intensities of continuous training on vascular inflammation and oxidative stress in spontaneously hypertensive rats. J Cell Mol Med 2021; 25:8522-8536. [PMID: 34331512 PMCID: PMC8419160 DOI: 10.1111/jcmm.16813] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/29/2021] [Revised: 07/05/2021] [Accepted: 07/09/2021] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
We aimed to study the effects and underlying mechanism of different intensities of continuous training (CT) on vascular inflammation and oxidative stress in spontaneously hypertensive rats (SHR). Rats were divided into five groups (n = 12): Wistar‐Kyoto rats sedentary group (WKY‐S), sedentary group (SHR‐S), low‐intensity CT group (SHR‐L), medium‐intensity CT group (SHR‐M) and high‐intensity CT group (SHR‐H). Changes in body mass, heart rate and blood pressure were recorded. The rats were euthanized after 14 weeks, and blood and vascular tissue samples were collected. Haematoxylin and Eosin staining was used to observe the aortic morphology, and Western blot was used to detect the expression of mesenteric artery proteins. After CT, the mean arterial pressures improved in SHR‐L and SHR‐M and increased in SHR‐H compared with those in SHR‐S. Vascular inflammation and oxidative stress levels significantly subsided in SHR‐L and SHR‐M (p < 0.05), whereas in SHR‐H, only vascular inflammation significantly subsided (p < 0.05), and oxidative stress remained unchanged (p > 0.05). AMPK and SIRT1/3 expressions in SHR‐L and SHR‐M were significantly up‐regulated than those in SHR‐S (p < 0.05). These results indicated that low‐ and medium‐intensity CT can effectively reduce the inflammatory response and oxidative stress of SHR vascular tissue, and high‐intensity CT can improve vascular tissue inflammation but not oxidative stress.
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Affiliation(s)
- Minghao Luo
- Department of Cardiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Chunmei Cao
- Division of Sports Science and Physical Education, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China
| | - Josef Niebauer
- University Institute of Sports Medicine, Prevention and Rehabilitation, Paracelsus Medical University, Salzburg, Austria
| | - Jianghong Yan
- Institute of Life Sciences, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Xindong Ma
- Division of Sports Science and Physical Education, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China
| | - Qing Chang
- The College of Exercise Medicine, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Ting Zhang
- The Fifth Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangdong, China
| | - Xiaoxiao Huang
- The College of Exercise Medicine, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Guochun Liu
- The College of Exercise Medicine, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
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Zhang X, Zheng Y, Geng C, Guan J, Wang L, Zhang X, Cheng Y, Li J, Lu X. Isometric exercise promotes arteriogenesis in rats after myocardial infarction. J Biomed Res 2021; 35:436-447. [PMID: 34776455 PMCID: PMC8637657 DOI: 10.7555/jbr.35.20210062] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Isometric exercise (IE) is a promising intervention of noninvasive revascularization in patients with acute myocardial infarction (AMI). This study aimed to investigate the impact and mechanisms of IE training on arteriogenesis in AMI. Male Sprague-Dawley rats were randomly assigned into the sham-operation group (SO), myocardial infarction (MI) group, and 13 IE subgroups treated according to training intensity, frequency, duration, or monocyte chemoattractant protein-1 (MCP-1), or/and fibroblast growth factor-2 (FGF-2) inhibitors for eight weeks. Our results demonstrated that the IE group achieved superior improvement compared with the MI group in terms of left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF), myocardial infarction size (MIS), arterial density (AD), monocytes (MNCs), smooth muscle cells (SMCs), endothelial cells (ECs), relative collateral blood flow (RCBF), MCP-1, and FGF-2 at the endpoint. Positive correlations between MCP-1 and MNCs, MNCs and FGF-2, FGF-2 and SMCs, SMCs and AD, as well as AD and RCBF were observed. This study demonstrated that with MI of 100% load 20 times daily for eight weeks, the arteriogenesis was improved, which may be attributed to the recruitment of MNCs and SMCs in remote ischemic myocardium caused by increases in MCP-1 and FGF-2 expression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xintong Zhang
- Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, the First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210029, China
| | - Yu Zheng
- Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, the First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210029, China
| | - Canru Geng
- Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, the Affiliated Suzhou Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Suzhou, Jiangsu 215000, China
| | - Juntao Guan
- Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, the Affiliated Suzhou Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Suzhou, Jiangsu 215000, China
| | - Lu Wang
- Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, the First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210029, China
| | - Xiu Zhang
- Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, the First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210029, China
| | - Yihui Cheng
- Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, the First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210029, China
| | - Jian'an Li
- Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, the First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210029, China
| | - Xiao Lu
- Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, the First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210029, China
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Lu X, Wang Z, Yang L, Yang C, Song M. Risk Factors of Atrial Arrhythmia in Patients With Liver Cirrhosis: A Retrospective Study. Front Cardiovasc Med 2021; 8:704073. [PMID: 34291096 PMCID: PMC8286998 DOI: 10.3389/fcvm.2021.704073] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/01/2021] [Accepted: 06/11/2021] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Background and Objectives: Liver cirrhosis is known to be associated with atrial arrhythmia. However, the risk factors for atrial arrhythmia in patients with liver cirrhosis remain unclear. This retrospective study aimed to investigate the risk factors for atrial arrhythmia in patients with liver cirrhosis. Methods: In the present study, we collected data from 135 patients with liver cirrhosis who were admitted to the Department of Gastroenterology at Shanghai Tongji Hospital. We examined the clinical information recorded, with the aim of identifying the risk factors for atrial arrhythmia in patients with liver cirrhosis. Multiple logistic regression analysis was used to screen for significant factors differentiating liver cirrhosis patients with atrial arrhythmia from those without atrial arrhythmia. Results: The data showed that there were seven significantly different factors that distinguished the group with atrial arrhythmia from the group without atrial arrhythmia. The seven factors were age, white blood cell count (WBC), albumin (ALB), serum Na+, B-type natriuretic peptide (BNP), ascites, and Child-Pugh score. The results of multivariate logistic regression analysis suggested that age (β = 0.094, OR = 1.098, 95% CI 1.039-1.161, P = 0.001) and ascites (β =1.354, OR = 3.874, 95% CI 1.202-12.483, P = 0.023) were significantly associated with atrial arrhythmia. Conclusion: In the present study, age and ascites were confirmed to be risk factors associated with atrial arrhythmia in patients with liver cirrhosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiya Lu
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Digestive Disease Institute, Shanghai Tongji Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Zhijing Wang
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Digestive Disease Institute, Shanghai Tongji Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Liu Yang
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Digestive Disease Institute, Shanghai Tongji Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Changqing Yang
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Digestive Disease Institute, Shanghai Tongji Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Meiyi Song
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Digestive Disease Institute, Shanghai Tongji Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
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Shirpoor M, Tofighi A, Shirpoor A, Pourjabali M, Chodari L. Effect of moderate exercises and curcumin on hepatic transcriptional factors associated with lipid metabolism and steatosis in elderly male rat. Res Pharm Sci 2021; 16:294-304. [PMID: 34221063 PMCID: PMC8216158 DOI: 10.4103/1735-5362.314828] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2020] [Revised: 10/07/2020] [Accepted: 04/10/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE The specific molecular mediators involved in dyslipidemia in older people are not yet clearly understood. The current study was, thus, an attempt to investigate whether moderate aerobic exercises and curcumin administration alleviates the abnormalities caused by aging in the rats' liver. EXPERIMENTAL APPROACH Thirty-two eight-year-old young rats were classified into five groups, namely, young control, aged control, aged-curcumin, aged-exercise, and aged-curcumin-exercise co-treatment. The rats in the exercise groups were trained on an animal treadmill for 60 min/day five times per week for eight weeks. FINDINGS/RESULTS The results revealed a significant increase in FAT/CD36, PTP1B, significantly decreased HNF4α genes expression, increase in LDL and cholesterol in the aged group compared to the young control. Compared to those in the young control group, no significant changes in HDL and TG amounts in the aged control were observed. Moreover, compared to the young control, the aged group showed liver histological changes such as fibrosis and mild or grade 1 steatohepatitis. Moderate aerobic exercise and curcumin alone or in combination completely masked this effect. CONCLUSION AND IMPLICATIONS The findings revealed dyslipidemia and liver steatosis related to aging might be partly associated with changes in hepatic transcriptional factors which can be mitigated via moderate aerobic exercise and curcumin.
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Affiliation(s)
- Minoo Shirpoor
- Department of Exercise Physiology and Corrective Movements, Faculty of Sport Sciences, Urmia University, Urmia, I.R. Iran
| | - Asghar Tofighi
- Department of Exercise Physiology and Corrective Movements, Faculty of Sport Sciences, Urmia University, Urmia, I.R. Iran
| | - Alireza Shirpoor
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, Urmia University of Medical Sciences, Urmia, I.R. Iran
- Nephrology and Kidney Transplant Research Center, Clinical Research Institute, Urmia University of Medical Science, Urmia, I.R. Iran
| | - Masoumeh Pourjabali
- Department of Pathology, Faculty of Medicine, Urmia University of Medical Sciences, Urmia, I.R. Iran
| | - Leila Chodari
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, Urmia University of Medical Sciences, Urmia, I.R. Iran
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Bibliometric Study of Pain after Spinal Cord Injury. Neural Plast 2021; 2021:6634644. [PMID: 33688338 PMCID: PMC7914384 DOI: 10.1155/2021/6634644] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2020] [Revised: 01/31/2021] [Accepted: 02/09/2021] [Indexed: 12/04/2022] Open
Abstract
Background The prevalence of comorbid pain after spinal cord injury (SCI) is relatively high in clinical observations and has continued to increase over time. Neuropathic pain (70.14%) is the most popular subject in academic journals after SCI. However, studies that used the bibliometric method to analyze comorbid pain after SCI are still lacking. This study is aimed at combining and integrating acquired information to analyze the global trends of research on the comorbidity of pain after SCI in the last three decades (1990–2019). Methods Systematic works of literature published from 1990 to 2019 were obtained from the Web of Science Core Collection. CiteSpace software was used to analyze the relationship of publication year with the country, institution, journals, authors, references, and keywords. The regression analysis is used to evaluate the percentage of the category increase or decrease over time significantly. IBM SPSS Statistics was used in the statistical analysis. Results A total of 730 publications were included in the analysis. A remarkable increase in the number of publications was observed in the study period (P < 0.05). A total of 202 academic journals focused on the categories of clinical neurology, neurosciences, and rehabilitation, and the annual growth rate of articles in these three categories was statistically significant (P < 0.05). The USA (356, 48.77%) and the University of Miami (64, 8.77%) were the country and institution with the highest number of publications, respectively. Spinal Cord, which was the main journal for research on pain after SCI, had the most publications (88, 12.05%). Burst keywords showed that the individual, inflammation, and central sensitization with pain after SCI are the research development trends and focus in this research field. Conclusions Overall, this study provides the latest research direction for pain after SCI. This historical overview of research into pain after SCI will be a useful basis for further research into development trends, focus issues, cooperators, and cooperative institutions.
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