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Gallego-Siles JR, Siles-Fuentes MJ, Ibáñez-Vera AJ, Cortés-Pérez I, Obrero-Gaitán E, Lomas-Vega R. Idiopathic scoliosis in subjects with eye diseases: A systematic review with meta-analysis. Ann N Y Acad Sci 2024; 1533:81-88. [PMID: 38327125 DOI: 10.1111/nyas.15102] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/09/2024]
Abstract
Our aim was to find the best evidence on the prevalence of idiopathic scoliosis (IS) in subjects with eye diseases (EDs) and to determine the most common visual alterations that are present. Following the recommendations of the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA), a bibliographic search up to June 2023 in the PubMed, PsycINFO, SCOPUS, and CINAHL Complete databases was performed. Observational studies were selected and the results were analyzed with prevalence odds ratio (OR). A total of six studies, including 18,396 subjects, were selected. The group of subjects with EDs was made up of 6048 individuals, of whom 655 (10.83%) had IS. The group of subjects without EDs was made up of 12,348 individuals of whom 444 (3.60%) presented with IS with an OR = 2.91, CI (95%) = [1.75, 4.83]. Blindness was assessed in a single study with an OR = 7.83, CI (95%) = [1.66, 36.90]; all three studies in the refractive error subgroup yielded an OR = 2.24, CI (95%) = [1.10, 4.58]; and the two studies that included subjects with strabismus showed an OR = 3.09, CI (95%) = [1.38, 7.00]. EDs were associated with an almost three times greater odds of having IS. We recommend the inclusion of vision testing in children with IS.
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Paramento M, Rubega M, Di Marco R, Contessa P, Agostini M, Cantele F, Masiero S, Formaggio E. Experimental protocol to investigate cortical, muscular and body representation alterations in adolescents with idiopathic scoliosis. PLoS One 2023; 18:e0292864. [PMID: 37824513 PMCID: PMC10569634 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0292864] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/23/2023] [Accepted: 10/02/2023] [Indexed: 10/14/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Adolescent idiopathic scoliosis (AIS) is the most common form of scoliosis. AIS is a three-dimensional morphological spinal deformity that affects approximately 1-3% of adolescents. Not all factors related to the etiology of AIS have yet been identified. OBJECTIVE The primary aim of this experimental protocol is to quantitatively investigate alterations in body representation in AIS, and to quantitatively and objectively track the changes in body sensorimotor representation due to treatment. METHODS Adolescent girls with a confirmed diagnosis of mild (Cobb angle: 10°-20°) or moderate (21°-35°) scoliosis as well as age and sex-matched controls will be recruited. Participants will be asked to perform a 6-min upright standing and two tasks-named target reaching and forearm bisection task. Eventually, subjects will fill in a self-report questionnaire and a computer-based test to assess body image. This evaluation will be repeated after 6 and 12 months of treatment (i.e., partial or full-time brace and physiotherapy corrective postural exercises). RESULTS We expect that theta brain rhythm in the central brain areas, alpha brain rhythm lateralization and body representation will change over time depending on treatment and scoliosis progression as a compensatory strategy to overcome a sensorimotor dysfunction. We also expect asymmetric activation of the trunk muscle during reaching tasks and decreased postural stability in AIS. CONCLUSIONS Quantitatively assess the body representation at different time points during AIS treatment may provide new insights on the pathophysiology and etiology of scoliosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Matilde Paramento
- Department of Neurosciences, Section of Rehabilitation, University of Padova, Padova, Italy
- Department of Information Engineering, University of Padova, Padova, Italy
| | - Maria Rubega
- Department of Neurosciences, Section of Rehabilitation, University of Padova, Padova, Italy
| | - Roberto Di Marco
- Department of Engineering for Innovation Medicine, University of Verona, Verona, Italy
| | - Paola Contessa
- Orthopedic Rehabilitation Unit, Padova University Hospital, Padova, Italy
| | - Michela Agostini
- Department of Neurosciences, Section of Rehabilitation, University of Padova, Padova, Italy
| | - Francesca Cantele
- Department of Neurosciences, Section of Rehabilitation, University of Padova, Padova, Italy
| | - Stefano Masiero
- Department of Neurosciences, Section of Rehabilitation, University of Padova, Padova, Italy
- Orthopedic Rehabilitation Unit, Padova University Hospital, Padova, Italy
- Ospedale Riabilitativo di Alta Specializzazione di Motta di Livenza, Motta di Livenza, Treviso, Italy
| | - Emanuela Formaggio
- Department of Neurosciences, Section of Rehabilitation, University of Padova, Padova, Italy
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Muccio M, Atun-Einy O, Kafri M, Kaplan SL. Bridging Motor Learning Principles with Physiotherapy Specific Scoliosis Exercises: a Perspective Article. Phys Occup Ther Pediatr 2023; 43:741-758. [PMID: 36922700 DOI: 10.1080/01942638.2023.2186198] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/07/2022] [Revised: 12/13/2022] [Accepted: 02/17/2023] [Indexed: 03/18/2023]
Abstract
AIM This perspective paper illustrates the usefulness of explicitly integrating motor learning terminology with evolving therapeutic approaches. Physiotherapy specific scoliosis exercises (PSSEs) include a growing number of approaches to scoliosis management and serve as an example of this integration. METHODS Three quintessential patient cases (a young hypermobile adolescent, a post-pubescent teen, and an adult with childhood diagnosis of scoliosis) serve to contrast the clinical decision-making process for a PSSE plan of care when organized within a motor learning framework. CONCLUSIONS AND IMPLICATIONS As intervention approaches evolve, aligning the unique terminologies from different schools of thought with motor learning constructs would provide a common language for clinicians, academics and researchers to facilitate comparison of approaches and organize intervention care plans. Linking a motor learning framework and terminology to PSSE may facilitate comparison of PSSE treatment approaches by clinicians, academics, and researchers, as well as advance the global quality of care for patients with scoliosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marissa Muccio
- Division of PRNY PC, Scoliosis Specialty Center, Totowa, NJ, USA
| | - Osnat Atun-Einy
- Department of Physical Therapy, Faculty of Social Welfare and Health Sciences, University of Haifa, Haifa, Israel
| | - Michal Kafri
- Department of Physical Therapy, Faculty of Social Welfare and Health Sciences, University of Haifa, Haifa, Israel
| | - Sandra L Kaplan
- Department of Rehabilitation and Movement Science, Rutgers University, Newark, NJ, USA
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Gómez Cristancho DC, Jovel Trujillo G, Manrique IF, Pérez Rodríguez JC, Díaz Orduz RC, Berbeo Calderón ME. Neurological mechanisms involved in idiopathic scoliosis. Systematic review of the literature. NEUROCIRUGIA (ENGLISH EDITION) 2023; 34:1-11. [PMID: 35256329 DOI: 10.1016/j.neucie.2022.02.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/24/2021] [Revised: 11/06/2021] [Accepted: 11/09/2021] [Indexed: 02/01/2023]
Abstract
The literature that explains the neurological mechanisms underlying the development or compensation of idiopathic scoliosis is limited. The objective of the article is to describe and integrate the mechanisms and nerve pathways through which idiopathic scoliosis is compensated and/or developed. A narrative systematic review in different databases of the studies published between January 1, 1967 and April 1, 2021 was performed, using the following terms: "scoliosis", "vision", "eye", "vestibule", "labyrinth" "posture", "balance", "eye movements", "cerebellum", "proprioception", and "physiological adaptation". In the search, 1112 references were identified, of which 50 were finally included: 46 observational analytical clinical studies-descriptive (between cohorts, report and series of cases) and 4 experimental studies. In the neurological response to idiopathic scoliosis, the sensory-cortical integration of the afferences in the visual-oculomotor-vestibular-proprioceptive systems, allows modifications at the postural level in order to achieve an initial compensation on the sagittal balance and the centre of body mass; however, over time these compensation mechanisms may be exhausted causing progression of the initial deformity.
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Affiliation(s)
- David Camilo Gómez Cristancho
- Médico General, Miembro Semillero Neurología y Neurocirugía, Pontificia Universidad Javeriana-Hospital Universitario San Ignacio, Bogotá, Colombia.
| | - Gabriela Jovel Trujillo
- Estudiante de Medicina, Miembro Semillero Neurología y Neurocirugía, Pontificia Universidad Javeriana-Hospital Universitario San Ignacio, Bogotá, Colombia
| | - Iván Felipe Manrique
- Estudiante de Medicina, Miembro Semillero Neurología y Neurocirugía, Pontificia Universidad Javeriana-Hospital Universitario San Ignacio, Bogotá, Colombia
| | | | - Roberto Carlos Díaz Orduz
- Médico Neurocirujano, Pontificia Universidad Javeriana-Hospital Universitario San Ignacio, Bogotá, Colombia
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Vestibular Morphological Alterations in Adolescent Idiopathic Scoliosis: A Systematic Review of Observational Studies. CHILDREN (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2022; 10:children10010035. [PMID: 36670586 PMCID: PMC9856763 DOI: 10.3390/children10010035] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/14/2022] [Revised: 11/23/2022] [Accepted: 12/21/2022] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
Adolescent idiopathic scoliosis (AIS) is the most frequent pediatric spinal deformity. Its treatment still shows limited results due to the existent lack of knowledge regarding etiopathogenesis. Thus, the purpose of the study is to check the existence of vestibular morphological alterations among idiopathic scoliosis patients. To meet the objective, we performed this systematic review searching studies in PubMed Medline, SCOPUS, Web of Science, CINAHL Complete and SciELO until 15 September 2022. Articles that analyzed the morphology of the vestibular apparatus were selected, comparing subjects with AIS versus healthy subjects. Variables were selected that measured the orientation of the channels as well as the general conformation of the vestibular apparatus. One hundred and eighty-five records were retrieved in the preliminary searches, of which five studies were finally included, providing data from 154 participants (83 cases and 71 healthy controls) with a mean age 16.07 ± 2.48 years old. Two studies conclude that the superior and lateral semicircular canals are longer and thinner in patients with AIS. One study concluded that the measure between centers of superior and lateral canals and the angle whose vertex is placed the center of posterior canal were significantly shorter in subjects with AIS than in healthy controls in the left-side of vestibular apparatus. Two studies found an asymmetry in the verticality of the lateral canals on both sides in subjects with AIS, although it is not clear whether the left canal is in a more horizontal or vertical position. Patients with AIS seem to present morphological asymmetries of the vestibular apparatus, fundamentally on the left side. These anomalies seem to correlate with the location of the curve but not with its laterality or severity.
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Formaggio E, Bertuccelli M, Rubega M, Di Marco R, Cantele F, Gottardello F, De Giuseppe M, Masiero S. Brain oscillatory activity in adolescent idiopathic scoliosis. Sci Rep 2022; 12:17266. [PMID: 36241666 PMCID: PMC9568615 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-022-19449-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/08/2022] [Accepted: 08/29/2022] [Indexed: 01/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Pathophysiology of Adolescent Idiopathic Scoliosis (AIS) is not yet completely understood. This exploratory study aims to investigate two aspects neglected in clinical practice: a defective postural central nervous system control in AIS, and alterations of body schema due to scoliosis spinal deformities. We recorded EEG data and balance data in four different standing positions in 14 adolescents with AIS and in 14 controls. A re-adaptation of the Image Marking Procedure (IMP) assessed body schema alterations on the horizontal (Body Perception Indices (BPIs)) and vertical direction (interacromial and bisiliac axes inclinations). Our results revealed no differences in balance control between groups; higher EEG alpha relative power over sensorimotor areas ipsilateral to the side of the curve and a significant increase of theta relative power localized over the central areas in adolescents with AIS. The difference in BPI shoulder and BPI waist significantly differed between the two groups. The inclinations of the perceived interacromial axes in adolescents with AIS was opposite to the real inclination. Increased theta activity and alpha lateralization observed may be a compensatory strategy to overcome sensorimotor dysfunction mirrored by altered body schema. Scoliosis onset might be preceded by sensorimotor control impairments that last during curve progression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Emanuela Formaggio
- grid.5608.b0000 0004 1757 3470Department of Neuroscience, Section of Rehabilitation, University of Padova, Via Giustiniani 3, 35128 Padova, Italy
| | - Margherita Bertuccelli
- grid.5608.b0000 0004 1757 3470Department of Neuroscience, Section of Rehabilitation, University of Padova, Via Giustiniani 3, 35128 Padova, Italy ,grid.5608.b0000 0004 1757 3470Padova Neuroscience Center, University of Padova, Via Orus 2/B, 35129 Padova, Italy
| | - Maria Rubega
- grid.5608.b0000 0004 1757 3470Department of Neuroscience, Section of Rehabilitation, University of Padova, Via Giustiniani 3, 35128 Padova, Italy
| | - Roberto Di Marco
- grid.5608.b0000 0004 1757 3470Department of Neuroscience, Section of Rehabilitation, University of Padova, Via Giustiniani 3, 35128 Padova, Italy ,grid.5611.30000 0004 1763 1124Present Address: Department of Computer Science, University of Verona, Strada le Grazie 15, 37134 Verona, Italy
| | - Francesca Cantele
- grid.5608.b0000 0004 1757 3470Department of Neuroscience, Section of Rehabilitation, University of Padova, Via Giustiniani 3, 35128 Padova, Italy
| | - Federica Gottardello
- grid.5608.b0000 0004 1757 3470Department of Neuroscience, Section of Rehabilitation, University of Padova, Via Giustiniani 3, 35128 Padova, Italy
| | - Michela De Giuseppe
- grid.5608.b0000 0004 1757 3470Department of Neuroscience, Section of Rehabilitation, University of Padova, Via Giustiniani 3, 35128 Padova, Italy
| | - Stefano Masiero
- grid.5608.b0000 0004 1757 3470Department of Neuroscience, Section of Rehabilitation, University of Padova, Via Giustiniani 3, 35128 Padova, Italy ,grid.5608.b0000 0004 1757 3470Padova Neuroscience Center, University of Padova, Via Orus 2/B, 35129 Padova, Italy
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Sikidar A, Vidyasagar KEC, Gupta M, Garg B, Kalyanasundaram D. Classification of mild and severe adolescent idiopathic scoliosis (AIS) from healthy subjects via a supervised learning model based on electromyogram and ground reaction force data during gait. Biocybern Biomed Eng 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bbe.2022.06.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/02/2022]
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Mecanismos neurológicos involucrados en la escoliosis idiopática. Revisión sistemática de la literatura. Neurocirugia (Astur) 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.neucir.2021.11.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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Catanzariti JF, Coget M, Brouillard A. A perception bias of the gravitational vertical is confirmed in Adolescent Idiopathic Scoliosis. Spine Deform 2022; 10:69-78. [PMID: 34319559 DOI: 10.1007/s43390-021-00390-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/24/2021] [Accepted: 07/15/2021] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE Adolescent Idiopathic Scoliosis (AIS) is the most frequent spine deformity in adolescence. The cause of AIS remains unknown. Several studies show that AIS can be associated with a perception bias of gravitational vertical. In particularly, AIS patients with a right thoracic convexity exhibit deviation of the Subjective Postural Vertical. The origin of this disturbance could be located in trunk proprioceptive graciveptors. We wanted to verify this result with a population of lumbar and thoracolumbar AIS with left convexity. METHODS It was a multicenter, cross-sectional case-control study. Thirty adolescents with left lumbar or thoraco-lumbar AIS (age 14.3 ± 1.7 years; Cobb angle 27.6° ± 6.1°) and 30 controls matched for age (14.0 ± 1.5 years), were compared for Subjective Visual Vertical (SVV) measured in static and dynamic (optokinetic stimulation) conditions, and Subjective Postural Vertical (SPV). RESULTS For SVV, there was no difference in the two groups, for static and dynamic conditions. The SPV was significantly different between the two groups (p < 0.0001). The SPV was shifted to the left for most of the AIS patients (med - 2.4°[- 3.6; - 1.7]) compared with controls (med 0°[- 0.5; 1.7]). Adolescents with AIS perceived verticality with significant greater uncertainty in postural modality than controls (p = 0.017). CONCLUSION Our study confirms a significant directional bias in the orientation of SPV in left lumbar or thoraco-lumbar AIS. This confirmation paves the way to a new physiopathological model focused on trunk proprioception. LEVEL OF EVIDENCE III.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jean-François Catanzariti
- Spine Department, SSR Pediatric Center Marc Sautelet, Villeneuve-d'Ascq, France. .,La Maison de la Scoliose, Villeneuve-d'Ascq, France.
| | - Monique Coget
- Spine Department, SSR Pediatric Center Marc Sautelet, Villeneuve-d'Ascq, France
| | - Anthony Brouillard
- Spine Department, SSR Pediatric Center Marc Sautelet, Villeneuve-d'Ascq, France.,La Maison de la Scoliose, Villeneuve-d'Ascq, France
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Catanzariti JF, Darchicourt D, Chevutschi A, Le Berre M, Tanche L, Guyot MA. Is self-image, in reference to the gravitational vertical, altered in adolescent idiopathic scoliosis? A multicenter, single-blind, case-control study. J Pediatr Rehabil Med 2022; 15:477-486. [PMID: 36031914 DOI: 10.3233/prm-200689] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE Adolescent idiopathic scoliosis (AIS) is associated with perturbation of orthostatic postural control. In humans, orthostatic postural control is organized around the gravitational vertical (GV). Perception of the GV involves a bottom-up process (central integration of multisensorial information) and a top-down process that uses cognitive mechanisms relying on body image. This study hypothesized that AIS would be associated with an erroneous central representation of verticality. The objective was to demonstrate an altered top-down process of sense of verticality in AIS. METHODS This multicenter, single-blind, case-control study evaluated 63 adolescent girls with AIS divided into two groups (major AIS (n = 31) and minor AIS (n = 32)) and 30 matched non-scoliotic adolescents. Participants scored their perception of trunk appearance in an upright position using a pictographic scale. The outcome measure was the difference between perception score and real trunk deformity. RESULTS Participants with major AIS presented with misperception of their trunk appearance in an upright position when compared with those with minor AIS or controls. CONCLUSION Adolescents with major AIS underestimate their trunk deformity in an upright position. This suggests an altered representation of body image, affecting top-down control of sense of verticality.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jean-François Catanzariti
- Pediatric Rehabilitation Center Marc Sautelet, Villeneuve-d'Ascq, France.,Physical Therapy School, Loos, France.,La Maison de la Scoliose, Villeneuve-d'Ascq, France
| | | | - Alain Chevutschi
- Physical Therapy School, Loos, France.,COMUE Lille Nord de France, University Nord de France, Villeneuve d'Ascq, France
| | - Morgane Le Berre
- Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, Hospital Swynghedauw - Lille University Hospital, Lille, France
| | - Laetitia Tanche
- Pediatric Rehabilitation Center Marc Sautelet, Villeneuve-d'Ascq, France.,La Maison de la Scoliose, Villeneuve-d'Ascq, France
| | - Marc-Alexandre Guyot
- COMUE Lille Nord de France, University Nord de France, Villeneuve d'Ascq, France.,Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, Hospital Saint Philibert, Lille Catholic University Hospital, Lomme, France
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Obrero-Gaitán E, Molina F, Del-Pino-Casado R, Ibáñez-Vera AJ, Rodríguez-Almagro D, Lomas-Vega R. Visual Verticality Perception in Spinal Diseases: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis. J Clin Med 2020; 9:E1725. [PMID: 32503240 PMCID: PMC7356295 DOI: 10.3390/jcm9061725] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/12/2020] [Revised: 05/27/2020] [Accepted: 05/28/2020] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Patients diagnosed with traumatic or non-traumatic spinal pain and idiopathic scoliosis frequently suffer from imbalance. The evaluation of the perception of verticality by means of visual tests emerges as a quick and easy tool for clinical management of the balance disorders. Several studies have assessed the visual perception of verticality in spinal diseases obtaining controversial results. The aim of our study is to analyze the perception of visual verticality in subjects with several spinal diseases in comparison with healthy subjects. A meta-analysis was carried out. PubMed MEDLINE, Scopus, WoS, CINAHL, and SciELO databases were searched until January 2020. The standardized mean difference (SMD) was calculated to analyze differences between patients and healthy controls. Fifteen studies with a total of 2052 patients were included. In comparison with healthy subjects, a misperception of verticality was found in patients with spinal pain when the perception of the verticality was assessed with the rod and frame test (SMD = 0.339; 95% confidence interval (CI) = 0.181, 0.497; p < 0.001). It seems that the perception of visual verticality is not altered in patients with idiopathic scoliosis (p = 0.294). The present meta-analysis shows a misperception of visual verticality only in patients with spinal pain.
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Affiliation(s)
- Esteban Obrero-Gaitán
- Department of Health Sciences, University of Jaén, Paraje Las Lagunillas s/n, 23071 Jaén, Spain; (E.O.-G.); (A.J.I.-V.); (D.R.-A.); (R.L.-V.)
| | - Francisco Molina
- Department of Health Sciences, University of Jaén, Paraje Las Lagunillas s/n, 23071 Jaén, Spain; (E.O.-G.); (A.J.I.-V.); (D.R.-A.); (R.L.-V.)
| | - Rafael Del-Pino-Casado
- Department of Nursing, University of Jaén, Paraje Las Lagunillas s/n, 23071 Jaén, Spain;
| | - Alfonso Javier Ibáñez-Vera
- Department of Health Sciences, University of Jaén, Paraje Las Lagunillas s/n, 23071 Jaén, Spain; (E.O.-G.); (A.J.I.-V.); (D.R.-A.); (R.L.-V.)
| | - Daniel Rodríguez-Almagro
- Department of Health Sciences, University of Jaén, Paraje Las Lagunillas s/n, 23071 Jaén, Spain; (E.O.-G.); (A.J.I.-V.); (D.R.-A.); (R.L.-V.)
| | - Rafael Lomas-Vega
- Department of Health Sciences, University of Jaén, Paraje Las Lagunillas s/n, 23071 Jaén, Spain; (E.O.-G.); (A.J.I.-V.); (D.R.-A.); (R.L.-V.)
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Zagalaz-Anula N, León-Morillas F, Andradre-Ortega JA, Ibáñez-Vera AJ, de Oliveira-Sousa SL, Lomas-Vega R. Case Report: Conservative Treatment of Adolescent Idiopathic Scoliosis Can Alter the Perception of Verticality. A Preliminary Study. Front Pediatr 2020; 8:609555. [PMID: 33569361 PMCID: PMC7868533 DOI: 10.3389/fped.2020.609555] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/23/2020] [Accepted: 12/29/2020] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Adolescent idiopathic scoliosis (AIS) is a lateral curvature of the spine of at least 10° Cobb's angle of unknown etiology. Some studies have found that patients with AIS have a Visual Verticality (VV) perception similar to healthy controls. This study aimed to analyze VV perception and postural balance differences in patients with AIS depending on the management, either based on observation or conservative treatment. Eighteen patients with AIS were included in this study. Nine patients were managed based on observation. The other nine underwent conservative treatment, such as bracing or exercise. Subjective Visual Vertical (SVV) and posturographic parameters were measured and analyzed. In the SVV test, patients who underwent treatment showed poor constant error in absolute values and mean absolute error, with statistically significant differences (p < 0.05). Only the Romberg Quotient for sway area was within the limits of statistical significance for posturographic parameters, with a lower value for patients under observation. This study found worse perception of verticality in patients receiving some type of conservative treatment than patients receiving only observation; whereas posturography showed similar values in both observation and treatment groups. Our results can be interpreted as the effect of treatment on the previous verticality perception adapted to the curvature.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Felipe León-Morillas
- Health Sciences PhD Program, Catholic University of Murcia (UCAM), Guadalupe, Spain
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