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Li C, Zhou L, Yin X. Pathophysiological aspects of transferrin-A potential nano-based drug delivery signaling molecule in therapeutic target for varied diseases. Front Pharmacol 2024; 15:1342181. [PMID: 38500764 PMCID: PMC10944884 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2024.1342181] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/21/2023] [Accepted: 02/23/2024] [Indexed: 03/20/2024] Open
Abstract
Transferrin (Tf), widely known for its role as an iron-binding protein, exemplifies multitasking in biological processes. The role of Tf in iron metabolism involves both the uptake of iron from Tf by various cells, as well as the endocytosis mediated by the complex of Tf and the transferrin receptor (TfR). The direct conjugation of the therapeutic compound and immunotoxin studies using Tf peptide or anti-Tf receptor antibodies as targeting moieties aims to prolong drug circulation time and augment efficient cellular drug uptake, diminish systemic toxicity, traverse the blood-brain barrier, restrict systemic exposure, overcome multidrug resistance, and enhance therapeutic efficacy with disease specificity. This review primarily discusses the various biological actions of Tf, as well as the development of Tf-targeted nano-based drug delivery systems. The goal is to establish the use of Tf as a disease-targeting component, accentuating the potential therapeutic applications of this protein.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chang Li
- Basic Medical College, Changchun University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Changchun, China
| | - Liya Zhou
- Basic Medical College, Changchun University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Changchun, China
| | - Xunzhe Yin
- State Key Laboratory of Electroanalytical Chemistry, Changchun Institute of Applied Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changchun, China
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Chahdi HO, Berbach L, Boivin-Proulx LA, Hillani A, Noiseux N, Matteau A, Mansour S, Gobeil F, Nauche B, Jolicoeur EM, Potter BJ. Percutaneous Mechanical Circulatory Support in Post-Myocardial Infarction Cardiogenic Shock: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis. Can J Cardiol 2022; 38:1525-1538. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cjca.2022.05.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2021] [Revised: 05/15/2022] [Accepted: 05/16/2022] [Indexed: 02/01/2023] Open
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Wang X, Ren L, Chen S, Tao Y, Zhao D, Wu C. Long non-coding RNA MIR4435-2HG/microRNA-125a-5p axis is involved in myocardial ischemic injuries. Bioengineered 2022; 13:10707-10720. [PMID: 35475469 PMCID: PMC9208505 DOI: 10.1080/21655979.2022.2051259] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/02/2022] Open
Abstract
This study aimed to investigate whether and how long non-coding RNA (lncRNA) MIR4435-2 host gene (MIR4435-2HG) involved in acute myocardial ischemia/reperfusion (I/R). Blood samples were collected from acute myocardial infarction (AMI) patients to detect MIR4435-2HG expression. In vivo myocardial I/R mice model and in vitro H2O2-induced oxidative stress model were established. Echocardiography, TUNEL assay and lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) detection were performed to assess heart infarction and myocardium apoptosis. Relationship among microRNA-125a-5p (miR-125a-5p), MIR4435-2HG and Mitochondrial fission protein 1 (MTFP1) was predicted by Targetscan and verified by luciferase reporter assay. MIR4435-2HG was notably upregulated in AMI patients, myocardial I/R mice and H2O2-treated cells. Knockdown of MIR4435-2HG notably alleviated infraction volume, ejection fraction (EF) and fractional shortening (FS) levels, cell apoptosis portion and pro-apoptotic cleaved-caspase-3 and Cyt c expression caused by myocardial I/R and oxidative stress, as well as improved cardiomyocytes viability. Transfection with miR-125a-5p alleviated MIR4435-2HG-caused cardiomyocytes apoptosis during oxidative stress. MiR-125a-5p overexpression decreased luciferase activity of the wild-type MIR4435-2HG compared with the mutated MIR4435-2HG. The expression levels of MTFP1 were elevated in myocardium from MI mice model and H2O2-treated AC16 cardiomyocytes. In addition, miR-125a-5p overexpression inhibited MTFP1 expression, and could stimulate the wild-type MTFP1 promoter luciferase activity but not the mutated one. Our findings revealed the role of MIR4435-2HG in MI-induced myocardium injury and cardiomyocytes apoptosis, disclosed a novel MIR4435-2HG/miR-125a-5p regulatory axis during myocardial I/R, and thus identified a potential target for the therapy of myocardial IR injury.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiuling Wang
- Department of Cardiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang110001, Liaoning Province, China
| | - Lina Ren
- Department of Cardiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang110001, Liaoning Province, China
| | - Shuai Chen
- Department of Cardiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang110001, Liaoning Province, China
| | - Yanli Tao
- Department of Cardiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang110001, Liaoning Province, China
| | - Dandan Zhao
- Department of Cardiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang110001, Liaoning Province, China
| | - Chunwei Wu
- Department of Cardiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang110001, Liaoning Province, China
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LncRNA LSINCT5/miR-222 regulates myocardial ischemia‑reperfusion injury through PI3K/AKT pathway. J Thromb Thrombolysis 2021; 52:720-729. [PMID: 34184201 PMCID: PMC8568755 DOI: 10.1007/s11239-021-02506-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 06/07/2021] [Indexed: 11/02/2022]
Abstract
Cardiovascular diseases rank the top cause of morbidity and mortality worldwide and are usually associated with blood reperfusion after myocardial ischemia/reperfusion injury (MIRI), which often causes severe pathological damages and cardiomyocyte apoptosis. LSINCT5 expression in the plasma of MI patients (n = 53), healthy controls (n = 42) and hypoxia-reoxygenation (HR)-treated cardiomyocyte AC16 cells was examined using qRT-PCR. The effects of LSINCT5 on cell viability and apoptosis were detected by MTT and flow cytometry, respectively. The expression of apoptosis-related proteins Bcl2, Bax and caspase 3 were tested by Western blot. The interaction between LSINCT5 and miR-222 was predicted by bioinformatic analysis. Moreover, changes in viability and apoptosis of AC16 cells co-transfected with siLSINCT5 and miR-222 inhibitor after HR treatment were examined. At last, the expression of proteins in PI3K/AKT pathway, namely PTEN, PI3K and AKT, was examined to analyze the possible pathway participating in LSINCT5-mediated MI/RI. Our study showed that LSINCT5 expression was upregulated in the plasma of MI patients and HR-treated AC16 cells. LSINCT5 overexpression significantly decreased cell viability and apoptosis. Luciferase reporter gene assay and RNA pulldown assay showed that LSINCT5 was a molecular sponge of miR-222. MiR-222 silencing in AC16 cells simulated the phenotypes of MIRI patients and HR-treated cells, indicating that LSINCT5 functions via miR-222 to regulate proliferation and apoptosis of HR-treated AC16 cells. We also showed that proteins of PI3K/AKT signaling pathway were affected in HR-treated AC16 cells, and LSINTC5 knockdown rescued these effects. LncRNA LSINCT5 was upregulated during MI pathogenesis, and LSINCT5 regulated MIRI possibly via a potential LSINCT5/miR-222 axis and PI3K/AKT signaling pathway. Our findings may provide novel evidence for MIRI prevention.
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Meng Q, Liu Y, Huo X, Sun H, Wang Y, Bu F. MicroRNA‑221‑3p contributes to cardiomyocyte injury in H2O2‑treated H9c2 cells and a rat model of myocardial ischemia‑reperfusion by targeting p57. Int J Mol Med 2018; 42:589-596. [PMID: 29693157 DOI: 10.3892/ijmm.2018.3628] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/11/2017] [Accepted: 03/23/2018] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
Myocardial ischemia‑reperfusion (I/R) injury is a major cause of cardiovascular disease worldwide, and microRNAs have been implicated in the regulation of pathological and physiological processes in myocardial I/R injury. The present study aimed to investigate the role of microRNA (miR)‑221‑3p in myocardial I/R injury. Cell death and lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) activity were increased in hydrogen peroxide (H2O2)‑treated H9c2 cells, as measured by flow cytometry and an LDH detection kit. The expression of miR‑221‑3p was elevated in H2O2‑incubated cells and in remote areas of the rat I/R model, examined using reverse transcription‑quantitative polymerase chain reaction analysis. The overexpression of miR‑221‑3p enhanced the number of propidium iodide (PI)+ cells and the activity of LDH in H2O2‑treated cells. In I/R‑induced rats, the overexpression of miR‑221‑3p promoted the number of myosin+ cells and inhibited the fractional shortening of left ventricular diameter (FSLVD%). The results showed that the expression of p57 at the gene and protein levels was decreased in H9c2 cells incubated with H2O2 and in rats subjected to I/R surgery; the expression of p57 decreased following the overexpression of miR‑221‑3p. Subsequently, the hypothesis that p57 was the direct target of miR‑221‑3p was confirmed by performing a dual‑luciferase reporter assay. Finally, to examine the function of p57 in myocardial impairment, p57 was transfected into H9c2 cells and administered to the rats prior to undergoing H2O2 treatment and I/R surgery, respectively. The results indicated that p57 attenuated the number of PI+ cells and the activity of LDH in H2O2‑treated cells, whereas p57 downregulated the number of myosin+ cells and upregulated FSLVD% in the I/R‑treated rats. Therefore, these findings suggested that miR‑221‑3p exacerbated the H2O2‑induced myocardial damage in H9c2 cells and myocardial I/R injury in the rat model by modulating p57.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qingfeng Meng
- Department of Cardiology, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University (Qingdao), Qingdao, Shandong 266035, P.R. China
| | - Yang Liu
- Cadre Health Care Department, Qingdao Municipal Hospital (Group), Qingdao No. 9 People's Hospital, Qingdao, Shandong 266000, P.R. China
| | - Xiuyue Huo
- Department of Cardiology, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University (Qingdao), Qingdao, Shandong 266035, P.R. China
| | - Hui Sun
- Department of Cardiology, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University (Qingdao), Qingdao, Shandong 266035, P.R. China
| | - Yingcui Wang
- Department of Cardiology, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University (Qingdao), Qingdao, Shandong 266035, P.R. China
| | - Fangfang Bu
- Department of Cardiology, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University (Qingdao), Qingdao, Shandong 266035, P.R. China
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Canyon SJ, Dobson GP. The effect of an adenosine and lidocaine intravenous infusion on myocardial high-energy phosphates and pH during regional ischemia in the rat model in vivo. Can J Physiol Pharmacol 2007; 84:903-12. [PMID: 17111035 DOI: 10.1139/y06-035] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
We have previously shown that an intravenous infusion of adenosine and lidocaine (AL) solution protects against death and severe arrhythmias and reduces infarct size in the in vivo rat model of regional ischemia. The aim of this study was to examine the relative changes of myocardial high-energy phosphates (ATP and PCr) and pH in the left ventricle during ischemia-reperfusion using 31P NMR in AL-treated rats (n = 7) and controls (n = 6). The AL solution (A: 305 microg.(kg body mass)-1.min-1; L: 608 microg.(kg body mass)-1.min-1) was administered intravenously 5 min before and during 30 min coronary artery ligation. Two controls died from ventricular fibrillation; no deaths were recorded in AL-treated rats. In controls that survived, ATP fell to 73% +/- 29% of baseline by 30 min ischemia and decreased further to 68% +/- 28% during reperfusion followed by a sharp recovery at the end of the reperfusion period. AL-treated rats maintained relatively constant ATP throughout ischemia and reperfusion ranging from 95% +/- 6% to 121% +/- 10% of baseline. Owing to increased variability in controls, these results were not found to be significant. In contrast, control [PCr] was significantly reduced in controls compared with AL-treated rats during ischemia at 10 min (68% +/- 7% vs. 99% +/- 6%), at 15 min (68% +/- 10% vs. 93% +/- 2%), and at 20 min (67% +/- 15% vs. 103% +/- 5%) and during reperfusion at 10 min (56% +/- 22% vs. 99% +/- 7%), at 15 min (60% +/- 10% vs. 98% +/- 7%), and at 35 min (63% +/- 14% vs. 120% +/- 11%) (p < 0.05). Interestingly, changes in intramyocardial pH between each group were not significantly different during ischemia and fell by about 1 pH unit to 6.6. During reperfusion, pH in AL-treated rats recovered to baseline in 5 min but not in controls, which recovered to only around pH 7.1. There was no significant difference in the heart rate, mean arterial pressure, and rate-pressure product between the controls and AL treatment during ischemia and reperfusion. We conclude that AL cardioprotection appears to be associated with the preservation of myocardial high-energy phosphates, downregulation of the heart at the expense of a high acid-load during ischemia, and with a rapid recovery of myocardial pH during reperfusion.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sarah J Canyon
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, James Cook University, Townsville, Queensland, 4811 Australia
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Gomme PT, McCann KB, Bertolini J. Transferrin: structure, function and potential therapeutic actions. Drug Discov Today 2005; 10:267-73. [PMID: 15708745 DOI: 10.1016/s1359-6446(04)03333-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 307] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
Abstract
There are many proteins that can multi-task. Transferrin, widely known as an iron-binding protein, is one such example of a multi-tasking protein. In this review, the multiple biological actions of transferrin, including its growth and cytoprotective activities, are discussed with the view of highlighting the potential therapeutic applications of this protein.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peter T Gomme
- Research and Development, CSL Ltd., Bioplasma Division, 189-209 Camp Road, Broadmeadows, Victoria 3047, Australia.
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