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Mehta AS, Teymoori S, Recendez C, Fregoso D, Gallegos A, Yang HY, Aslankoohi E, Rolandi M, Isseroff RR, Zhao M, Gomez M. Quantifying innervation facilitated by deep learning in wound healing. Sci Rep 2023; 13:16885. [PMID: 37803028 PMCID: PMC10558471 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-023-42743-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/20/2023] [Accepted: 09/14/2023] [Indexed: 10/08/2023] Open
Abstract
The peripheral nerves (PNs) innervate the dermis and epidermis, and are suggested to play an important role in wound healing. Several methods to quantify skin innervation during wound healing have been reported. Those usually require multiple observers, are complex and labor-intensive, and the noise/background associated with the immunohistochemistry (IHC) images could cause quantification errors/user bias. In this study, we employed the state-of-the-art deep neural network, Denoising Convolutional Neural Network (DnCNN), to perform pre-processing and effectively reduce the noise in the IHC images. Additionally, we utilized an automated image analysis tool, assisted by Matlab, to accurately determine the extent of skin innervation during various stages of wound healing. The 8 mm wound is generated using a circular biopsy punch in the wild-type mouse. Skin samples were collected on days 3, 7, 10 and 15, and sections from paraffin-embedded tissues were stained against pan-neuronal marker- protein-gene-product 9.5 (PGP 9.5) antibody. On day 3 and day 7, negligible nerve fibers were present throughout the wound with few only on the lateral boundaries of the wound. On day 10, a slight increase in nerve fiber density appeared, which significantly increased on day 15. Importantly, we found a positive correlation (R2 = 0.926) between nerve fiber density and re-epithelization, suggesting an association between re-innervation and re-epithelization. These results established a quantitative time course of re-innervation in wound healing, and the automated image analysis method offers a novel and useful tool to facilitate the quantification of innervation in the skin and other tissues.
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Affiliation(s)
- Abijeet Singh Mehta
- Department of Dermatology, University of California, Davis, CA, 95616, USA.
- Department of Ophthalmology, University of California, Davis, CA, 95616, USA.
| | - Sam Teymoori
- Department of Applied Mathematics, University of California, Santa Cruz, CA, 95064, USA
| | - Cynthia Recendez
- Department of Dermatology, University of California, Davis, CA, 95616, USA
- Department of Ophthalmology, University of California, Davis, CA, 95616, USA
| | - Daniel Fregoso
- Department of Dermatology, University of California, Davis, CA, 95616, USA
| | - Anthony Gallegos
- Department of Dermatology, University of California, Davis, CA, 95616, USA
| | - Hsin-Ya Yang
- Department of Dermatology, University of California, Davis, CA, 95616, USA
| | - Elham Aslankoohi
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of California, Santa Cruz, CA, 95064, USA
| | - Marco Rolandi
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of California, Santa Cruz, CA, 95064, USA
| | | | - Min Zhao
- Department of Dermatology, University of California, Davis, CA, 95616, USA.
- Department of Ophthalmology, University of California, Davis, CA, 95616, USA.
| | - Marcella Gomez
- Department of Applied Mathematics, University of California, Santa Cruz, CA, 95064, USA.
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Mehta AS, Teymoori S, Recendez C, Fregoso D, Gallegos A, Yang HY, Isseroff R, Zhao M, Gomez M, Aslankoohi E, Rolandi M. Quantifying innervation facilitated by deep learning in wound healing. RESEARCH SQUARE 2023:rs.3.rs-3088471. [PMID: 37461461 PMCID: PMC10350234 DOI: 10.21203/rs.3.rs-3088471/v1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/24/2023]
Abstract
The peripheral nerves (PNs) innervate the dermis and epidermis, which have been suggested to play an important role in wound healing. Several methods to quantify skin innervation during wound healing have been reported. Those usually require multiple observers, are complex and labor-intensive, and noise/background associated with the Immunohistochemistry (IHC) images could cause quantification errors/user bias. In this study, we employed the state-of-the-art deep neural network, DnCNN, to perform pre-processing and effectively reduce the noise in the IHC images. Additionally, we utilized an automated image analysis tool, assisted by Matlab, to accurately determine the extent of skin innervation during various stages of wound healing. The 8mm wound is generated using a circular biopsy punch in the wild-type mouse. Skin samples were collected on days 3,7,10 and 15, and sections from paraffin-embedded tissues were stained against pan-neuronal marker- protein-gene-product 9.5 (PGP 9.5) antibody. On day 3 and day 7, negligible nerve fibers were present throughout the wound with few only on the lateral boundaries of the wound. On day 10, a slight increase in nerve fiber density appeared, which significantly increased on day 15. Importantly we found a positive correlation (R 2 = 0.933) between nerve fiber density and re-epithelization, suggesting an association between re-innervation and re-epithelization. These results established a quantitative time course of re-innervation in wound healing, and the automated image analysis method offers a novel and useful tool to facilitate the quantification of innervation in the skin and other tissues.
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Mehta AS, Teymoori S, Recendez C, Fregoso D, Gallegos A, Yang HY, Isseroff RR, Zhao M, Gomez M. Quantifying innervation facilitated by deep learning in wound healing. BIORXIV : THE PREPRINT SERVER FOR BIOLOGY 2023:2023.06.14.544960. [PMID: 37398108 PMCID: PMC10312705 DOI: 10.1101/2023.06.14.544960] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/04/2023]
Abstract
The peripheral nerves (PNs) innervate the dermis and epidermis, which have been suggested to play an important role in wound healing. Several methods to quantify skin innervation during wound healing have been reported. Those usually require multiple observers, are complex and labor-intensive, and noise/background associated with the Immunohistochemistry (IHC) images could cause quantification errors/user bias. In this study, we employed the state-of-the-art deep neural network, DnCNN, to perform pre-processing and effectively reduce the noise in the IHC images. Additionally, we utilized an automated image analysis tool, assisted by Matlab, to accurately determine the extent of skin innervation during various stages of wound healing. The 8mm wound is generated using a circular biopsy punch in the wild-type mouse. Skin samples were collected on days 3,7,10 and 15, and sections from paraffin-embedded tissues were stained against pan-neuronal marker- protein-gene-product 9.5 (PGP 9.5) antibody. On day 3 and day 7, negligible nerve fibers were present throughout the wound with few only on the lateral boundaries of the wound. On day 10, a slight increase in nerve fiber density appeared, which significantly increased on day 15. Importantly we found a positive correlation (R- 2 = 0.933) between nerve fiber density and re-epithelization, suggesting an association between re-innervation and re-epithelization. These results established a quantitative time course of re-innervation in wound healing, and the automated image analysis method offers a novel and useful tool to facilitate the quantification of innervation in the skin and other tissues.
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Song R, Wu Z, Ma J, Yin S, Liu C, Sun R, Cao G, Lu Y, Chen A, Zhang G, Liu J, Wang Y. Research status and hot topics of the effects of skin innervation on wound healing from 1959 to 2022: A bibliometric analysis. Front Surg 2022; 9:966375. [PMID: 36303853 PMCID: PMC9592856 DOI: 10.3389/fsurg.2022.966375] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/14/2022] [Accepted: 09/12/2022] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Skin innervation plays an important role in wound healing by either direct contact with or indirect secretions that impact skin cells. Many studies in this field have been published; however, there is a lack of bibliometric analyses focusing on the effect of skin innervation on skin wound healing. In this study, we aimed to analyse the research trends, status, and hotspots in this field. Methods Reviews and articles published in English were extracted from the Web of Science Core Collection (WoSCC) database based on subject term searches. Microsoft Office Excel, VOSviewer, and CiteSpace were used to analyse publication date, country or region, institution, author, and author keywords. Results A total of 368 papers published between 1959 and 2022 were included in the analysis. Although there was a pulsation during this period, there was an overall upward trend in studies related to the effect of skin innervation on wound healing. The United States, particularly the University of Washington, and Gibran, Nicole S. from the University of Washington, was the most active in this field. Wound Repair and Regeneration published the most relevant literature, and “Calcitonin gene-related peptide: physiology and pathophysiology” had the highest total number of citations. “Diabetic foot ulcer,” “epidermal stem cells,” “mesenchymal stem cells,” and “mast cells” are current and potential future research hotspots. Conclusion This bibliometric analysis will inform the overall trends in research related to the effect of skin innervation on wound healing, summarise relevant research hotspots, and guide future work.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ru Song
- Department of Plastic Surgery, Shandong Provincial Qianfoshan Hospital, Shandong University, Jinan, China,Jinan Clinical Research Center for Tissue Engineering Skin Regeneration and Wound Repair, The First Affiliated Hospital of Shandong First Medical University / Shandong Provincial Qianfoshan Hospital, Jinan, China
| | - Zhenjie Wu
- Department of Plastic Surgery, Shandong Provincial Qianfoshan Hospital, Shandong University, Jinan, China,Jinan Clinical Research Center for Tissue Engineering Skin Regeneration and Wound Repair, The First Affiliated Hospital of Shandong First Medical University / Shandong Provincial Qianfoshan Hospital, Jinan, China
| | - Jiaxu Ma
- Department of Plastic Surgery, Shandong Provincial Qianfoshan Hospital, Shandong University, Jinan, China,Jinan Clinical Research Center for Tissue Engineering Skin Regeneration and Wound Repair, The First Affiliated Hospital of Shandong First Medical University / Shandong Provincial Qianfoshan Hospital, Jinan, China
| | - Siyuan Yin
- Jinan Clinical Research Center for Tissue Engineering Skin Regeneration and Wound Repair, The First Affiliated Hospital of Shandong First Medical University / Shandong Provincial Qianfoshan Hospital, Jinan, China,Department of Plastic Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Shandong First Medical University / Shandong Provincial Qianfoshan Hospital, Jinan, China
| | - Chunyan Liu
- Jinan Clinical Research Center for Tissue Engineering Skin Regeneration and Wound Repair, The First Affiliated Hospital of Shandong First Medical University / Shandong Provincial Qianfoshan Hospital, Jinan, China,Department of Plastic Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Shandong First Medical University / Shandong Provincial Qianfoshan Hospital, Jinan, China
| | - Rui Sun
- Department of Plastic Surgery, Shandong Provincial Qianfoshan Hospital, Shandong University, Jinan, China,Jinan Clinical Research Center for Tissue Engineering Skin Regeneration and Wound Repair, The First Affiliated Hospital of Shandong First Medical University / Shandong Provincial Qianfoshan Hospital, Jinan, China
| | - Guoqi Cao
- Department of Plastic Surgery, Shandong Provincial Qianfoshan Hospital, Shandong University, Jinan, China,Jinan Clinical Research Center for Tissue Engineering Skin Regeneration and Wound Repair, The First Affiliated Hospital of Shandong First Medical University / Shandong Provincial Qianfoshan Hospital, Jinan, China
| | - Yongpan Lu
- Jinan Clinical Research Center for Tissue Engineering Skin Regeneration and Wound Repair, The First Affiliated Hospital of Shandong First Medical University / Shandong Provincial Qianfoshan Hospital, Jinan, China,Department of Plastic Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Shandong First Medical University / Shandong Provincial Qianfoshan Hospital, Jinan, China
| | - Aoyu Chen
- Jinan Clinical Research Center for Tissue Engineering Skin Regeneration and Wound Repair, The First Affiliated Hospital of Shandong First Medical University / Shandong Provincial Qianfoshan Hospital, Jinan, China,Department of Plastic Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Shandong First Medical University / Shandong Provincial Qianfoshan Hospital, Jinan, China
| | - Guang Zhang
- Department of Plastic Surgery, Shandong Provincial Qianfoshan Hospital, Shandong University, Jinan, China,Jinan Clinical Research Center for Tissue Engineering Skin Regeneration and Wound Repair, The First Affiliated Hospital of Shandong First Medical University / Shandong Provincial Qianfoshan Hospital, Jinan, China
| | - Jian Liu
- Jinan Clinical Research Center for Tissue Engineering Skin Regeneration and Wound Repair, The First Affiliated Hospital of Shandong First Medical University / Shandong Provincial Qianfoshan Hospital, Jinan, China,Department of Plastic Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Shandong First Medical University / Shandong Provincial Qianfoshan Hospital, Jinan, China
| | - Yibing Wang
- Department of Plastic Surgery, Shandong Provincial Qianfoshan Hospital, Shandong University, Jinan, China,Jinan Clinical Research Center for Tissue Engineering Skin Regeneration and Wound Repair, The First Affiliated Hospital of Shandong First Medical University / Shandong Provincial Qianfoshan Hospital, Jinan, China,Department of Plastic Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Shandong First Medical University / Shandong Provincial Qianfoshan Hospital, Jinan, China,Correspondence: Yibing Wang
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Man MQ, Wakefield JS, Mauro TM, Elias PM. Regulatory Role of Nitric Oxide in Cutaneous Inflammation. Inflammation 2022; 45:949-964. [PMID: 35094214 DOI: 10.1007/s10753-021-01615-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/08/2021] [Revised: 12/10/2021] [Accepted: 12/15/2021] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
Nitric oxide (NO), a signaling molecule, regulates biological functions in multiple organs/tissues, including the epidermis, where it impacts permeability barrier homeostasis, wound healing, and antimicrobial defense. In addition, NO participates in cutaneous inflammation, where it exhibits pro-inflammatory properties via the cyclooxygenase/prostaglandin pathway, migration of inflammatory cells, and cytokine production. Yet, NO can also inhibit cutaneous inflammation through inhibition of T cell proliferation and leukocyte migration/infiltration, enhancement of T cell apoptosis, as well as through down-regulation of cytokine production. Topical applications of NO-releasing products can alleviate atopic dermatitis in humans and in murine disease models. The underlying mechanisms of these discrepant effects of NO on cutaneous inflammation remain unknown. In this review, we briefly review the regulatory role of NO in cutaneous inflammation and its potential, underlying mechanisms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mao-Qiang Man
- Dermatology Service Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Department of Dermatology, University of California, San Francisco, CA, USA.
- Dermatology Hospital of Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, 510091, China.
| | - Joan S Wakefield
- Dermatology Service Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Department of Dermatology, University of California, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Theodora M Mauro
- Dermatology Service Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Department of Dermatology, University of California, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Peter M Elias
- Dermatology Service Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Department of Dermatology, University of California, San Francisco, CA, USA
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Neuropeptide Substance P Enhances Skin Wound Healing In Vitro and In Vivo under Hypoxia. Biomedicines 2021; 9:biomedicines9020222. [PMID: 33671499 PMCID: PMC7926396 DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines9020222] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/31/2020] [Revised: 02/12/2021] [Accepted: 02/19/2021] [Indexed: 01/09/2023] Open
Abstract
Pressure ulcers (PUs) or sores are a secondary complication of diabetic neuropathy and traumatic spinal cord injury (SCI). PUs tend to occur in soft tissues located around bony prominences and may heal slowly or not at all. A common mechanism underlying impaired healing of PUs may be dysfunction of the local neurovascular system including deficiency of essential neuropeptides, such as substance P (SP). Previous studies indicate that disturbance in cutaneous sensory innervation leads to a defect in all stages of wound healing, as is the case after SCI. It is hypothesized that nerve fibers enhance wound healing by promoting initial inflammation via the releasing of neuropeptides such as SP. Therefore, we investigated whether exogenous SP improves skin wound healing using in vitro and in vivo models. For in vitro studies, the effects of SP on keratinocyte proliferation and wound closure after a scratch injury were studied under normoxia (pO2 ~21%) or hypoxia (pO2 ~1%) and in presence of normal serum (10% v/v) or low serum (1% v/v) concentrations. Hypoxia and low serum both significantly slowed cell proliferation and wound closure. Under combined low serum and hypoxia, used to mimic the nutrient- and oxygen-poor environment of chronic wounds, SP (10−7 M) significantly enhanced cell proliferation and wound closure rate. For in vivo studies, two full-thickness excisional wounds were created with a 5 mm biopsy punch on the dorsum on either side of the midline of 15-week-old C57BL/6J male and female mice. Immediately, wounds were treated topically with one dose of 0.5 μg SP or PBS vehicle. The data suggest a beneficial role in wound closure and reepithelization, and thus enhanced wound healing, in male and female mice. Taken together, exogenously applied neuropeptide SP enhanced wound healing via cell proliferation and migration in vitro and in vivo. Thus, exogenous SP may be a useful strategy to explore further for treating PUs in SCI and diabetic patients.
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Kiya K, Kubo T. Neurovascular interactions in skin wound healing. Neurochem Int 2019; 125:144-150. [DOI: 10.1016/j.neuint.2019.02.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/28/2018] [Revised: 01/09/2019] [Accepted: 02/19/2019] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
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A Chitosan-Based Liposome Formulation Enhances the In Vitro Wound Healing Efficacy of Substance P Neuropeptide. Pharmaceutics 2017; 9:pharmaceutics9040056. [PMID: 29211047 PMCID: PMC5750662 DOI: 10.3390/pharmaceutics9040056] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/17/2017] [Revised: 11/09/2017] [Accepted: 12/02/2017] [Indexed: 02/02/2023] Open
Abstract
Currently, there is considerable interest in developing innovative biodegradable nanoformulations for controlled administration of therapeutic proteins and peptides. Substance P (SP) is a neuropeptide of 11 amino acids that belongs to the tachykinins family and it plays an important role in wound healing. However, SP is easily degradable in vivo and has a very short half-life, so the use of chitosan-based nanocarriers could enhance its pharmaceutical properties. In light of the above, the aim of this work was to produce and characterize chitosan-coated liposomes loaded with SP (SP-CH-LP) as novel biomaterials with potential application in mucosal wound healing. The loaded system’s biophysical properties were characterized by dynamic light scattering with non-invasive back scattering (DLS-NIBS), mixed mode measurements and phase analysis light scattering (M3-PALS) and high performance liquid chromatography with ultraviolet/visible light detection (HPLC-UV/VIS). Then, the efficacy of the obtained nanoformulations was examined via proof-of-principle experiments using in vitro cell assays. These assays showed an increment on cell motility and proliferation after treatment with free and encapsulated neuropeptides. Additionally, the effect of SP on wound healing was enhanced by the entrapment on CH-LP. Overall, the amenability of chitosan-based nanomaterials to encapsulate peptides and proteins constitutes a promising approach towards potential novel therapies to treat difficult wounds.
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Aydemir EA, Şimşek E, Korcum AF, Fişkin K. Endostatin and irradiation modifies the activity of ADAM10 and neprilysin in breast cancer cells. Mol Med Rep 2016; 14:2343-51. [PMID: 27430992 DOI: 10.3892/mmr.2016.5463] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/10/2015] [Accepted: 06/06/2016] [Indexed: 11/05/2022] Open
Abstract
Angiogenesis, the formation of new blood vessels, is regarded as a key cancer cell property. Endostatin (ES) is a potential antiangiogenic agent and it may be useful when implemented in combination with other cancer therapeutic strategies. The present study investigated the in vitro effects of ES, radiotherapy (RT) or combination therapy (ES + RT) on two important proteases, a disintegrin and metalloproteinase domain‑containing protein 10 (ADAM10) and neprilysin (NEP) in 4T1 mouse breast cancer cells and the more metastatic phenotype of 4THMpc breast cancer cells. 4T1 and 4THMpc cells were treated with recombinant murine ES (4 µg/ml) alone, RT (45 Gy) alone or with ES + RT. ADAM10 enzyme activity was determined using a tumor necrosis factor‑α converting enzyme (α‑secretase) activity assay kit, and NEP enzyme activity was measured with a fluorometric assay based on the generation of free dansyl‑D‑Ala‑Gly from N-dansyl-Ala-Gly-D-nitro-Phe-Gly, the substrate of NEP. Western blotting analysis was performed to determine whether the altered enzyme activity levels of the two cell lines occurred due to changes in expression level. These data indicate that ES independently potentiates the activity of ADAM10 and NEP enzymes in 4T1 and 4THMpc breast cancer cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Esra Arslan Aydemir
- Department of Biology, Science Faculty, Akdeniz University, Antalya 07058, Turkey
| | - Ece Şimşek
- Department of Nutrition and Dietetics, Antalya School of Health, Akdeniz University, Antalya 07058, Turkey
| | - Aylin Fidan Korcum
- Department of Radiation Oncology, School of Medicine, Akdeniz University, Antalya 07058, Turkey
| | - Kayahan Fişkin
- Department of Nutrition and Dietetics, Antalya School of Health, Akdeniz University, Antalya 07058, Turkey
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Neuropeptide Substance-P-Conjugated Chitosan Nanofibers as an Active Modulator of Stem Cell Recruiting. Int J Mol Sci 2016; 17:ijms17010068. [PMID: 26751441 PMCID: PMC4730313 DOI: 10.3390/ijms17010068] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/25/2015] [Revised: 12/23/2015] [Accepted: 12/30/2015] [Indexed: 01/09/2023] Open
Abstract
The goal to successful wound healing is essentially to immobilize and recruit appropriate numbers of host stem or progenitor cells to the wound area. In this study, we developed a chitosan nanofiber-immobilized neuropeptide substance-P (SP), which mediates stem cell mobilization and migration, onto the surfaces of nanofibers using a peptide-coupling agent, and evaluated its biological effects on stem cells. The amount of immobilized SP on chitosan nanofibers was modulated over the range of 5.89 ± 3.27 to 75.29 ± 24.31 ng when reacted with 10 to 500 ng SP. In vitro migration assays showed that SP-incorporated nanofibers induced more rapid migration of human mesenchymal stem cells on nanofibers compared to pristine samples. Finally, the conjugated SP evoked a minimal foreign body reaction and recruited a larger number of CD29- and CD44-positive stem cells into nanofibers in a mouse subcutaneous pocket model.
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Effect of volatile oil from Blumea Balsamifera (L.) DC. leaves on wound healing in mice. J TRADIT CHIN MED 2014; 34:716-24. [DOI: 10.1016/s0254-6272(15)30087-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
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Chattopadhyay S, Guthrie KM, Teixeira L, Murphy CJ, Dubielzig RR, McAnulty JF, Raines RT. Anchoring a cytoactive factor in a wound bed promotes healing. J Tissue Eng Regen Med 2014; 10:1012-1020. [PMID: 24677775 DOI: 10.1002/term.1886] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/20/2013] [Revised: 01/13/2014] [Accepted: 02/24/2014] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Abstract
Wound healing is a complex process that requires the intervention of cytoactive factors. The one-time application of soluble factors to a wound bed does not maintain a steady, sufficient concentration. Here we investigated the benefits of anchoring a factor in a wound bed via a tether to endogenous collagen. We used a collagen-mimetic peptide (CMP) as a pylon. The CMP binds to damaged but not intact collagen and thus localizes a pendant cytoactive factor in the regions of a wound bed that require intervention. As a model factor, we chose substance P, a peptide of the tachykinin family that promotes wound healing. Using splinted wounds in db/db mice, we found that the one-time application of a CMP-substance P conjugate enhances wound healing compared to unconjugated substance P and other controls. Specifically, all 16 wounds treated with the conjugate closed more thoroughly and, did so with extensive re-epithelialization and mitigated inflammatory activity. These data validate a simple and general strategy for re-engineering wound beds by the integration of beneficial cytoactive factors. Copyright © 2014 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Kathleen M Guthrie
- Department of Surgical Sciences, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of Wisconsin-Madison, WI, USA
| | - Leandro Teixeira
- Department of Pathobiological Sciences, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of Wisconsin-Madison, WI, USA
| | - Christopher J Murphy
- Department of Surgical and Radiological Sciences, School of Veterinary Medicine and Department of Ophthalmology and Vision Science, School of Medicine, University of California, Davis, CA, USA
| | - Richard R Dubielzig
- Department of Pathobiological Sciences, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of Wisconsin-Madison, WI, USA
| | - Jonathan F McAnulty
- Department of Surgical Sciences, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of Wisconsin-Madison, WI, USA
| | - Ronald T Raines
- Department of Chemistry, University of Wisconsin-Madison, WI, USA.,Department of Biochemistry, University of Wisconsin-Madison, WI, USA
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Chéret J, Lebonvallet N, Carré JL, Misery L, Le Gall-Ianotto C. Role of neuropeptides, neurotrophins, and neurohormones in skin wound healing. Wound Repair Regen 2013; 21:772-88. [PMID: 24134750 DOI: 10.1111/wrr.12101] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/12/2012] [Accepted: 07/01/2013] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
Abstract
Due to the close interactions between the skin and peripheral nervous system, there is increasing evidence that the cutaneous innervation is an important modulator of the normal wound healing process. The communication between sensory neurons and skin cells involves a variety of molecules (neuropeptides, neurohormones, and neurotrophins) and their specific receptors expressed by both neuronal and nonneuronal skin cells. It is well established that neurotransmitters and nerve growth factors released in skin have immunoregulatory roles and can exert mitogenic actions; they could also influence the functions of the different skin cell types during the wound healing process.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jérémy Chéret
- Laboratory of Neurosciences of Brest (EA4685), University of Western Brittany, Brest, France
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Kant V, Gopal A, Kumar D, Bag S, Kurade NP, Kumar A, Tandan SK, Kumar D. Topically applied substance P enhanced healing of open excision wound in rats. Eur J Pharmacol 2013; 715:345-53. [PMID: 23684543 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejphar.2013.04.042] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/15/2013] [Revised: 04/23/2013] [Accepted: 04/26/2013] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Significant social and financial burden due to wounds need newer drugs/formulations to speed up the healing process. Substance P (SP), a neuropeptide, is associated with release of various cytokines and growth factors from inflammatory, epithelial and endothelial cells. In the present study, temporal effects of topically applied SP (10(-7)M in normal saline) were evaluated in the modulation of various cytokines and growth factors that participate in cutaneous wound healing. Gross examination of full thickness open excision wound in rats revealed that once daily topical application of SP significantly increased the wound closure, as compared to control group. SP treatment significantly increased tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α) and decreased interleukin 10 (IL-10) levels on day 3. On the contrary, on day 7 level of TNF-α decreased and that of IL-10 increased. The mRNA and protein expressions of vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) and transforming growth factor-β1 (TGF-β1) increased on days 3 and 7, and decreased on day 14 in SP-treated wounds. Histopathological evaluation of hematoxylin and eosin stained wound sections showed that SP treatment produced increased early leukocytes infiltration, fibroblast proliferation, angiogenesis, collagen deposition and re-epithelialization. Results of the present study demonstrate that topical application of SP enhanced wound healing by modulating cytokines, growth factors and cells. Based on the results, it is suggested that SP could be of beneficial use in diabetic wounds where levels of VEGF, TGF-β1 and SP decrease along with impairment of inflammatory reaction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vinay Kant
- Division of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Indian Veterinary Research Institute, Izatnagar-243 122, U.P., India
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16
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Foldenauer MEB, McClellan SA, Barrett RP, Zhang Y, Hazlett LD. Substance P affects growth factors in Pseudomonas aeruginosa-infected mouse cornea. Cornea 2012; 31:1176-88. [PMID: 22722806 PMCID: PMC3437011 DOI: 10.1097/ico.0b013e31824d6ffd] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE This study analyzed the influence of substance P (SP) on growth factors related to wound healing in mice in the presence of infectious keratitis. METHODS Naturally resistant mice were injected intraperitoneally with SP or phosphate-buffered saline and infected with Pseudomonas aeruginosa, and corneal messenger RNA (mRNA) levels of growth factors and apoptosis genes were tested. Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay determined the protein levels, whereas immunohistochemistry tested the distribution, macrophage phenotype, and cell quantitation. In vitro, macrophages were stimulated with lipopolysaccharide (LPS; with or without SP) and mRNA levels of proinflammatory and antiinflammatory cytokines and apoptosis genes were tested. RESULTS After SP, epidermal growth factor mRNA and protein levels were disparately regulated early, with no differences later in the disease. Hepatocyte growth factor and fibroblast growth factor-7 mRNA and protein levels were increased after SP treatment. Enumerating dual-labeled stromal cells revealed no difference between SP-treated versus phosphate-buffered saline-treated groups in the percentage of epidermal growth factor-labeled fibroblasts or macrophages, but there were significant increases in both hepatocyte growth factor- and fibroblast growth factor-7-labeled cells. Type 2 (M2) macrophages and caspase-3 mRNA levels were decreased, whereas B-cell lymphoma-2 mRNA expression was increased after SP treatment. In vitro, mRNA levels of several proinflammatory cytokines and B-cell lymphoma-2 were elevated, whereas transforming growth factor β was decreased after macrophage stimulation with SP (with LPS) over LPS alone. (Mice: n = 105 control; 105 experimental.) CONCLUSIONS These data show that treatment with SP in infectious keratitis elevates growth factors but also adversely affects the disease by enhancing the inflammatory response and its sequelae.
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Affiliation(s)
- Megan E B Foldenauer
- Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, Wayne State University School of Medicine, Detroit, MI 48201, USA
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17
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Bring DKI, Paulson K, Renstrom P, Salo P, Hart DA, Ackermann PW. Residual substance P levels after capsaicin treatment correlate with tendon repair. Wound Repair Regen 2012; 20:50-60. [PMID: 22276586 DOI: 10.1111/j.1524-475x.2011.00755.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
Abstract
The aim of the study was to assess healing after capsaicin-induced substance P (SP) depletion during rat Achilles tendon repair by biomechanical testing. Capsaicin treatment reduced the concentrations of SP by ∼60% and calcitonin gene-related peptide by ∼40% as compared with the control group, as assessed by radioimmunoassay in the dorsal root ganglia, at 1 and 4 weeks post-tendon rupture. Also, the peripheral neuronal presence of SP and calcitonin gene-related peptide, as assessed by immunohistochemistry, was lower at both weeks 1 and 4. The decreased peripheral neuronal presence of SP at week 1 correlated with the corresponding levels in the dorsal root ganglia (r = 0.54, p = 0.018). The reduced presence of SP/calcitonin gene-related peptide after capsaicin treatment was verified by a decreased sensitivity to painful mechanical and thermal stimuli (p < 0.05). Correlation analyses between individual residual SP levels and biomechanical tissue properties were performed because of differences in failure mode between the groups and high individual variations in the SP levels after capsaicin treatment. Thus, the residual SP levels in the dorsal root ganglia correlated with transverse area, ultimate tensile strength, and stress at failure (r = 0.39, p = 0.036; r = 0.53, p = 0.005; and r = 0.43, p = 0.023, respectively). Furthermore, individual pain sensitivity at week 2 correlated with peripheral occurrence of SP and was correlated with tensile strength and stress at failure (r = 0.89, p = 0.006 and r = 0.78, p = 0.015) at week 4. In conclusion, rats with higher residual SP levels after capsaicin-induced neuropathy develop improved tensile strength and stress at failure in the healing of Achilles tendon.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniel K I Bring
- Section of Orthopaedics and Sports Medicine, Department of Molecular Medicine and Surgery, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden.
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18
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Is rate of skin wound healing associated with aging or longevity phenotype? Biogerontology 2011; 12:591-7. [DOI: 10.1007/s10522-011-9343-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/20/2011] [Accepted: 05/30/2011] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
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Abstract
Uncontrolled proliferation is a defining feature of the malignant phenotype. Nevertheless, the supportive network provided by the stroma is indispensable for further invasion, progression and metastasis of cancer cells. In addition, the role of inflammation in tumorigenesis is now generally accepted, and it has become evident that an inflammatory microenvironment is an essential component of tumor progression. Since skin tumors are common and easily assessable lesions with features at various stages of tumorigenesis, they provide a wide scope for research in this field to further our understanding of fundamental and clinical carcinogenesis. Some of the basic aspects of epithelial tumorigenesis, invasion and stromal reaction are reviewed in this paper.
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Affiliation(s)
- Masutaka Furue
- Department of Dermatology and Research and Clinical Center for Yusho and Dioxin, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Japan
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20
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da Silva L, Carvalho E, Cruz MT. Role of neuropeptides in skin inflammation and its involvement in diabetic wound healing. Expert Opin Biol Ther 2011; 10:1427-39. [PMID: 20738210 DOI: 10.1517/14712598.2010.515207] [Citation(s) in RCA: 59] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/17/2023]
Abstract
IMPORTANCE OF THE FIELD In 2010, the world prevalence of diabetes is 6.4%, affecting 285 million adults. Diabetic patients are at risk of developing neuropathy and delayed wound healing that can culminate in incurable diabetic foot ulcerations (DFUs) or even foot amputation. AREAS COVERED IN THIS REVIEW The contrast between cellular and molecular events of wound healing and diabetic wound healing processes is characterized. Neuropeptides released from the autonomous nervous system and skin cells reveal a major role in the immunity of wound healing. Therefore, the signaling pathways that induce pro/anti-inflammatory cytokines expression and its involvement in diabetic wound healing are discussed. The involvement of neuropeptides in the activation, growth, migration and maturation of skin cells, like keratinocytes, Langerhans cells, macrophages and mast cells, are described. WHAT THE READER WILL GAIN This review attempts to address the role of neuropeptides in skin inflammation, focusing on signal transduction, inflammatory mediators and pro/anti-inflammatory function, occurring in each cell type, as well as, its connection with diabetic wound healing. TAKE HOME MESSAGE Understanding the role of neuropeptides in the skin, their application on skin wounds could be a potential therapy for skin pathologies, like the problematic and prevalent DFUs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lucília da Silva
- Faculdade de Ciências e Tecnologia, Universidade de Coimbra, Coimbra, Portugal
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21
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Xie L, Moroi Y, Tsuji G, Liu M, Hayashida S, Takahara M, Fukagawa S, Takeuchi S, Shan B, Nakahara T, Uchi H, Yokomizo T, Furue M. CD10-bearing fibroblast inhibits matrigel invasive potency of interleukin-1α-producing squamous cell carcinoma by diminishing substance P levels in the tumor microenvironment. Cancer Sci 2010; 101:2570-8. [PMID: 20874839 PMCID: PMC11158981 DOI: 10.1111/j.1349-7006.2010.01735.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
CD10 is a neutral endopeptidase, which cleaves various peptide substrates including substance P. CD10 expression has been detected in peritumoral fibroblasts (Fb) within the invasive area of various cancers such as squamous cell carcinoma (SCC). However, the biological significance of CD10-bearing Fb remains largely unknown. We examined dynamic interactions of Fb with tumorigenic A431 SCC cells or non-tumorigenic HaCaT squamous cells. The SCC and HaCaT cells did not synthesize CD10, while Fb constitutively expressed CD10. When co-cultured, SCC markedly upregulated fibroblastic CD10 expression compared with HaCaT, which was mainly attributable to SCC-derived interleukin-1α (IL-1α). Both SCC and Fb autonomously secreted substance P, which eventually enhanced the invasive capacity of SCC in a matrigel invasion assay by upregulating matrix metalloproteinase (MMP)-1 and MMP-2, but not MMP-9. Transfection of siRNA for CD10 successfully knocked down the CD10 expression in Fb (CD10ND-Fb). In the presence of CD10ND-Fb, substance P levels in supernatants as well as MMP production and the invasive potency of SCC were significantly augmented compared with control scramble RNA-transfected Fb. We also transfected CD10 vector to Fb and found that the matrigel invasive ability of SCC cells was downregulated co-cultured with CD10 vector-transfected Fb rather than empty vector-transfected Fb. In conclusion, the CD10-bearing Fb generated by SCC-derived IL-1 inhibited the invasive capacity of SCC by diminishing the microenvironmental concentration of substance P.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lining Xie
- Department of Dermatology, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Japan
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22
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Carvalho B, Clark DJ, Yeomans DC, Angst MS. Continuous subcutaneous instillation of bupivacaine compared to saline reduces interleukin 10 and increases substance P in surgical wounds after cesarean delivery. Anesth Analg 2010; 111:1452-9. [PMID: 20861424 DOI: 10.1213/ane.0b013e3181f579de] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Recent evidence suggests that locally delivered local anesthetics may exert tissue-damaging effects such as chondrolysis after intraarticular injection. Alteration of the inflammatory response is a potential mechanism for local anesthetic-induced tissue toxicity. In this study, we tested the effects of continuous local anesthetic infiltration on the release of inflammatory and nociceptive mediators in skin wounds after cesarean delivery. METHODS Thirty-eight healthy women undergoing cesarean delivery with spinal anesthesia were enrolled in this study, and were randomized to receive subcutaneous surgical wound infiltration with bupivacaine 5 mg/mL or saline at 2 mL/h for 24 hours after cesarean delivery. Wound exudate was sampled at 1, 3, 5, 7, and 24 hours after cesarean delivery using a subcutaneous wound drain technique. Cytokines, chemokines, substance P, prostaglandin E(2), and nerve growth factor were assayed using multiplex Bio-Plex® (Bio-Rad, Hercules, CA) and enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays. RESULTS Bupivacaine wound infusion resulted in a significant decrease of interleukin 10 and increase of substance P in wounds compared with saline infusion (area under the 24-hour concentration-time curve; P < 0.001). No statistically significant differences were detected for other cytokines, nerve growth factor, and prostaglandin E(2). CONCLUSIONS This study demonstrates that the continuous administration of clinically used doses of bupivacaine into wounds affects the local composition of wound mediators. Observed changes in interleukin 10 are compatible with a disruption of antiinflammatory mechanisms. Whether such modulation combined with the release of the proinflammatory mediator substance P results in an overall proinflammatory wound response will require future studies of wound healing.
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Affiliation(s)
- Brendan Carvalho
- Department of Anesthesia, H3580, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA 94305, USA.
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Abstract
Systemic diseases are intrinsic factors that alter and may impair the wound healing process. Cachexia is a manifestation of systemic, often chronic, diseases and is characterised by systemic inflammation, appetite suppression and skeletal muscle wasting. Anorexia in cachectic states is commonly associated with malnutrition. Malnutrition may cause impaired healing. Therefore, it would follow that cachexia could influence wound healing because of reduced food intake. However, the lack of response to measures to reverse cachexia, such as supported nutrition, would suggest that a direct causal link between anorexia and weight loss in cachexia is too simple a model. To date, there is no published literature that examines the role of cachexia in human wound healing specifically. This article aims to demonstrate that cachexia is an intrinsic factor in wound healing. The role of the common mediators in wound healing and in cachexia are compared - specifically inflammation, including the nitric oxide synthase pathway, collagen deposition and reepithelialisation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michael F Y Ng
- Department of Plastic Surgery, Level 5, Ninewells Hospital, Dundee, DD1 9SY, UK.
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Sahbaie P, Shi X, Guo TZ, Qiao Y, Yeomans DC, Kingery WS, Clark DJ. Role of substance P signaling in enhanced nociceptive sensitization and local cytokine production after incision. Pain 2009; 145:341-349. [PMID: 19660865 DOI: 10.1016/j.pain.2009.06.037] [Citation(s) in RCA: 77] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/22/2008] [Revised: 06/25/2009] [Accepted: 06/30/2009] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
Substance P (SP) signaling facilitates nociceptive sensitization in various inflammatory and chronic pain models and we postulated that SP signaling might also contribute to the development of post-incisional hyperalgesia. These studies used mice with a deletion of the pre-protachykinin A gene (ppt-A(-/-)) which codes for SP to determine the role of SP signaling in post-incisional pain and in the increased cytokine and nerve growth factor (NGF) expression observed in the incised skin. SP deficient ppt-A(-/-) mice displayed reduced mechanical allodynia and heat hyperalgesia compared to the wild-type (wt) mice at all post-incision time points, despite similar baseline values (p<0.001). Furthermore, the NK-1 receptor antagonist LY303870 attenuated mechanical allodynia produced by incision in the wt mice (p<0.001). Incision also up-regulated IL-6, TNF-alpha and KC levels but not IL-1beta after 2h in the wt mice skin. However, ppt-A(-/-) mice had more skin NGF levels 2h post-incision. Subcutaneous hind paw SP injection produced acute and transient elevations of IL-1beta, IL-6, and KC but modest elevations in TNF-alpha levels in the wt mice. Systemic LY303870 reversed the SP-induced elevations of these cytokines. Hind paw injection of IL-6 and NGF dose dependently produced less mechanical allodynia in the ppt-A(-/-) compared to wt mice. Additionally, SP produced mechanical allodynia in a dose-dependent fashion in wt mice. Therefore, SP supports nociceptive sensitization after hind paw incision and potentially participates directly in modulating the intensity of inflammatory response in peri-incisional tissue.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peyman Sahbaie
- Department of Anesthesia, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA Anesthesiology Service (112-A), Veterans Affairs Palo Alto Health Care System, Palo Alto, CA, USA Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation Service (117), Veterans Affairs Palo Alto Health Care System, Palo Alto, CA, USA
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Gherardini G, Curinga G, Colella G, Freda N, Rauso R. Calcitonin gene-related peptide and thermal injury: review of literature. EPLASTY 2009; 9:e30. [PMID: 19714198 PMCID: PMC2719469] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Abstract
The aim of this review article is to report about the anti-inflammatory properties of calcitonin gene-related peptide (CGRP) in burns. CGRP is a 37-amino acid neuropeptide, primarily released from sensory nerves and is well known as the most potent and long-lasting microvascular vasodilator in vitro and hypotensive agents in vivo.A wide range of proinflammatory stimuli can induce the release of neuropeptides from cutaneous sensory nerves, including heat, physical trauma, UV radiation, and irritant chemicals. These proinflammatory stimuli are known to induce the release of CGRP from cutaneous sensory nerves. The anti-inflammatory effects of CGRP in a range of species and in human clinical conditions are detailed, and potential therapeutic applications based on the use of antagonists and gene targeting of agonists are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Giuseppe Curinga
- Department of Plastic Surgery-Burn Unit, Civico and Benfratelli Hospital, Palermo, Italy,Correspondence:
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