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Shrivastava SR, Gajbe U, Singh BR, Shrivastava PS, Bankar NJ. Exploring the Role of Technology in the Implementation of Social Accountability in Medical Education: A Brief Review. JOURNAL OF PHARMACY AND BIOALLIED SCIENCES 2024; 16:S1903-S1906. [PMID: 39346148 PMCID: PMC11426754 DOI: 10.4103/jpbs.jpbs_1251_23] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/13/2023] [Revised: 12/22/2023] [Accepted: 12/29/2023] [Indexed: 10/01/2024] Open
Abstract
Social accountability has been acknowledged as an important facet of medical education delivery as it envisages that healthcare professionals have the responsibility to be accountable for health-related community needs. The purpose of the current review is to identify the factors that determine the success of social accountability in medical education and explore different ways in which technology can aid in the implementation of social accountability initiatives in medical institutions. The successful implementation of socially accountable medical education depends on a broad gamut of factors, which can be associated with different stakeholders, including the role of technology in facilitating the implementation of the same. Owing to the fact that technology has reached every aspect of human life, it is our responsibility to explore its scope in promoting the attainment of competencies pertaining to social accountability among medical students. In conclusion, social accountability in medical education has multiple benefits and has emerged as the need of the hour. The integration of technology into socially accountable medical education plays a defining role in improving the effectiveness of educational activities, facilitating better community and student engagement, and eventually contributing to the production of socially responsible healthcare professionals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Saurabh RamBihariLal Shrivastava
- Deputy Director (Research and Development), Datta Meghe Institute of Higher Education and Research Nagpur, Off-Campus, Department of Community Medicine, Datta Meghe Medical College, Off-Campus Centre of Datta Meghe Institute of Higher Education and Research, Hingna Road, Wanadongri, Nagpur, Maharashtra, India
| | - Ujwal Gajbe
- Professor, Department of Anatomy, Datta Meghe Medical College, Off-Campus Centre of Datta Meghe Institute of Higher Education and Research, Hingna Road, Wanadongri, Nagpur, Maharashtra, India
| | - Brij Raj Singh
- Professor, Department of Anatomy, Datta Meghe Medical College, Off-Campus Centre of Datta Meghe Institute of Higher Education and Research, Hingna Road, Wanadongri, Nagpur, Maharashtra, India
| | - Prateek Saurabh Shrivastava
- Additional Professor, Department of Community Medicine, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, Vijaypur, Jammu, India
| | - Nandkishor J Bankar
- Department of Microbiology, Jawaharlal Nehru Medical College, Datta Meghe Institute of Higher Education and Research, Sawangi (M), Wardha, Maharashtra, India
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Blee SM, Facdol J, Dixon MD, Master V, Switchenko JM, Pentz RD. Dissemination of validated health literacy videos: A tailored approach. Cancer Med 2022; 11:1678-1687. [PMID: 35107221 PMCID: PMC8986138 DOI: 10.1002/cam4.4572] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/07/2021] [Revised: 12/05/2021] [Accepted: 12/20/2021] [Indexed: 11/11/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Previously, we showed that chemotherapy terminology is difficult for patients to understand. Therefore, we developed short videos explaining key terminology and though proven effective, they will only be helpful if appropriately disseminated. Therefore, we aimed to determine the best dissemination method at three different healthcare settings. METHODS With consent, we interviewed healthcare workers from (1) an academic cancer center, Winship Cancer Institute (Winship) serving higher SES patients, (2) an inner-city, safety-net hospital Grady Memorial (GMH), (3) clinics serving rural Georgia, from the Winship Community Network (Network). All interviews were transcribed and analyzed using a semantic content analysis method. Suggested dissemination plans were then implemented. RESULTS Twenty-two Winship, 11 GMH, and 4 Network healthcare workers were interviewed. Seventy-two percent (n = 8) of the GMH and 100% (n = 4) of Network healthcare workers felt that the best place for patients to view the videos was in the clinic, compared to 27% (n = 6) of the Winship clinicians. 68% (n = 15) of the Winship clinicians stated an app would be the most useful format, compared to 27% (n = 3) at GMH, and 0% at Network sites. Video viewing increased after dissemination plans were implemented. CONCLUSION Educational materials explaining oncology treatment terminology enhance patient understanding, yet without proper dissemination, these tools may never reach the intended patient population. Our study shows that dissemination plans need to be tailored to each individual patient population, with rural and lower SES patients needing to view the videos during clinic visits, and patients of more means viewing them using technology at home.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shannon M Blee
- Emory University Winship Cancer Institute, Atlanta, Georgia, USA
| | | | - Margie D Dixon
- Emory University Winship Cancer Institute, Atlanta, Georgia, USA.,Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, Georgia, USA
| | - Viraj Master
- Emory University Winship Cancer Institute, Atlanta, Georgia, USA.,Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, Georgia, USA
| | | | - Rebecca D Pentz
- Emory University Winship Cancer Institute, Atlanta, Georgia, USA.,Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, Georgia, USA
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Theiss LM, Wood T, McLeod MC, Shao C, Santos Marques ID, Bajpai S, Lopez E, Duong AM, Hollis R, Morris MS, Chu DI. The association of health literacy and postoperative complications after colorectal surgery: A cohort study. Am J Surg 2021; 223:1047-1052. [PMID: 34728069 DOI: 10.1016/j.amjsurg.2021.10.024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/18/2021] [Revised: 09/15/2021] [Accepted: 10/15/2021] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Health literacy is a determinant of health. Few studies characterize its association with surgical outcomes. METHODS Retrospective cohort study of patients undergoing elective colorectal surgery 2015-2020. Health literacy assessed using Brief Health Literacy Screening Tool. Outcomes were postoperative complications, LOS, readmissions, mortality. RESULTS Of 552 patients, 46 (8.3%) had limited health literacy, 506 (91.7%) non-limited. Median age 57.7 years, 305 (55.1%) patients were female, 148 (26.8%) were Black. Limited patients had higher rates of overall complications (43.5% vs. 24.3%, p = 0.004), especially surgical site infections (21.7% vs. 11.3%, p = 0.04). Limited patients had longer LOS (5 vs 3.5 days, p = 0.006). Readmissions and mortality did not differ. On multivariable analysis, limited health literacy was independently associated with increased risk of complications (OR 2.03, p = 0.046), not LOS (IRR 1.05, p = 0.67). CONCLUSION Limited health literacy is associated with increased likelihood of complications after colorectal surgery. Opportunities exist for health literate surgical care to improve outcomes for limited health literacy patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lauren M Theiss
- Division of Gastrointestinal Surgery, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, USA
| | - Tara Wood
- Division of Gastrointestinal Surgery, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, USA
| | - Marshall C McLeod
- Division of Gastrointestinal Surgery, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, USA
| | - Connie Shao
- Division of Gastrointestinal Surgery, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, USA
| | | | - Swara Bajpai
- Division of Gastrointestinal Surgery, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, USA
| | - Elizabeth Lopez
- Division of Gastrointestinal Surgery, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, USA
| | - Anh M Duong
- Division of Gastrointestinal Surgery, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, USA
| | - Robert Hollis
- Division of Gastrointestinal Surgery, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, USA
| | - Melanie S Morris
- Division of Gastrointestinal Surgery, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, USA
| | - Daniel I Chu
- Division of Gastrointestinal Surgery, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, USA.
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Uemura K, Yamada M, Okamoto H. Effects of Active Learning on Health Literacy and Behavior in Older Adults: A Randomized Controlled Trial. J Am Geriatr Soc 2018; 66:1721-1729. [DOI: 10.1111/jgs.15458] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/16/2018] [Revised: 03/26/2018] [Accepted: 04/24/2018] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Kazuki Uemura
- Department of Liberal Arts and Sciences, Faculty of Engineering; Toyama Prefectural University; Imizu Japan
| | - Minoru Yamada
- Graduate School of Comprehensive Human Sciences; University of Tsukuba; Tokyo Japan
| | - Hiroshi Okamoto
- Department of Liberal Arts and Sciences, Faculty of Engineering; Toyama Prefectural University; Imizu Japan
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Gralton E, Sher M, Lopez CD. Information and readability issues for psychiatric patients: e-learning for users. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2018. [DOI: 10.1192/pb.bp.109.027102] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
Aims and methodThe level of reading ability required to understand written information about key mental health issues designed for service users is examined. Information was taken from four reputable internet sources and analysed for readability. The relevant literature in relation to psychiatric patients and literacy is reviewed and potential solutions are proposed.ResultsA considerable proportion of the available information has a reading age at or above 14 years. Some organisations appear better than others in providing information at a more appropriate level of reading ability.Clinical implicationsWritten information aimed at users of psychiatric services may not take into account that they are more likely to have impaired reading ability, even though they might not have an identified intellectual disability. Professionals who develop written materials can use tools in word processing software to assist with the appropriate development of these materials. Information technology could in the future provide information directed at users of psychiatric services that does not rely so heavily on written material.
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Jacobs RJ, Lou JQ, Ownby RL, Caballero J. A systematic review of eHealth interventions to improve health literacy. Health Informatics J 2014; 22:81-98. [PMID: 24916567 DOI: 10.1177/1460458214534092] [Citation(s) in RCA: 117] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
Implementation of eHealth is now considered an effective way to address concerns about the health status of health care consumers. The purpose of this study was to review empirically based eHealth intervention strategies designed to improve health literacy among consumers in a variety of settings. A computerized search of 16 databases of abstracts (e.g. Biomedical Reference Collection, Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials, Computers & Applied Sciences Complete, Health Technology Assessments, MEDLINE) were explored in a systematic fashion to assess the presence of eHealth applications targeting health literacy. Compared to control interventions, the interventions using technology reported significant outcomes or showed promise for future positive outcomes regarding health literacy in a variety of settings, for different diseases, and with diverse samples. This review has indicated that it is feasible to deliver eHealth interventions specifically designed to improve health literacy skills for people with different health conditions, risk factors, and socioeconomic backgrounds.
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Ali NM, Shahar S, Kee YL, Norizan AR, Noah SAM. Design of an interactive digital nutritional education package for elderly people. Inform Health Soc Care 2012; 37:217-29. [PMID: 22583111 DOI: 10.3109/17538157.2012.654843] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
Abstract
Designing a system for the elderly is crucial, as aging is associated with physiological changes that may impair perception, cognition and other social aspects; therefore, many aspects need consideration, especially in interface design. This study was conducted to develop a digital nutritional education package (WE Sihat) by following appropriate guidelines for elderly people to achieve better design interface and interaction. Touch-screen technology was used as a platform for user interaction. The nutritional content was based on previous nutrition studies and a lifestyle education package on healthy aging, which contains four modules. The questionnaires were distributed to 31 Malay subjects aged 60-76 years old, containing an evaluation about the overall content, graphics, design layout, colour, font size, audio/video, user-perceived satisfaction and acceptance levels. The findings showed positive feedback and acceptance. Most subjects agreed that the digital nutritional education package can increase their nutritional knowledge for a healthy lifestyle and is easy to use. The touch-screen technology was also well accepted by elderly people and can be used as a kiosk for disseminating nutrition education for healthy aging.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nazlena Mohamad Ali
- Institute of Visual Informatics (IVI), Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, Bangi Selangor, Malaysia.
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Abstract
Perioperative information and communication between patients and health professionals is central to the quality of care and patient involvement for elective colon surgery. Enhanced recovery after surgery (ERAS) means that the care process is accelerated with comprehensive information and additional requirements on an individual. The purpose of this study was to identify nurses' and doctors' experience of patients' need for information before intraoperative care. Nurses (n = 39) with different specialties and professional experience were interviewed in focus groups. Ten anesthesiologists with differing professional experience were interviewed individually. Data were analyzed with qualitative content analysis. The result shows the need to provide information to reduce anxiety, to make the patient feel safe, to explain postoperative pain management, and to provide a comprehensive care pathway. There was no difference between the informants' perception of patients' information needs. All respondents agreed that patients generally have a great need for information. The perioperative information should be repeated at different points in time. The patients' need for information on diagnosis is recurrent. Knowledge, good communication, and attitude from a multiprofessional perspective support the patient's feeling comfortable and involved in the care prior to surgery.
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Pendlimari R, Holubar SD, Hassinger JP, Cima RR. Assessment of Colon Cancer Literacy in screening colonoscopy patients: a validation study. J Surg Res 2011; 175:221-6. [PMID: 21737097 DOI: 10.1016/j.jss.2011.04.036] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/11/2011] [Revised: 03/03/2011] [Accepted: 04/18/2011] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Few, if any, instruments assess disease-specific health literacy in colon cancer patients. We aimed to validate the Assessment of Colon Cancer Literacy (ACCL) compared with a standard health literacy test, the Newest Vital Sign (NVS). MATERIALS AND METHODS A convenience sample of screening colonoscopy patients was surveyed. General health literacy was assessed with the NVS and colon cancer literacy with the ACCL. Contingency table analysis was performed. Results are frequency (proportion) or mean. RESULTS Sixty-one subjects completed our survey, mean age 64 ± 9 y, 33 (54%) were women, 28 (46%) had a college degree, 38 (62%) had prior colonoscopy, and 19 (31%) worked in healthcare. The sensitivity and specificity of NVS to identify limited colon cancer literacy was 45.7% and 86.7%, respectively, while the sensitivity and specificity of ACCL to identify limited general health literacy was 91.3% and 34.2%, respectively. CONCLUSIONS The ACCL is a valid, sensitive measure of health literacy. Furthermore, given its focus on clinically relevant content, this instrument may facilitate discussion of diagnosis, treatment, and prognosis with colon cancer patients. ACCL is a novel, valid health literacy instrument that may aid gastroenterologists, colorectal surgeons, and medical oncologists in optimizing patient education.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rajesh Pendlimari
- Division of Colon and Rectal Surgery, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota 55905, USA
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Effectiveness of a multimedia-based educational intervention for improving colon cancer literacy in screening colonoscopy patients. Dis Colon Rectum 2010; 53:1301-7. [PMID: 20706074 DOI: 10.1007/dcr.0b013e3181e291c0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE Limited data exist regarding colon cancer literacy in screening colonoscopy patients. We aimed to prospectively assess baseline colon cancer literacy and to determine whether a multimedia educational intervention was associated with improved colon cancer literacy. METHODS Colon cancer literacy was assessed in a convenience sample of colonoscopy patients before and after educational intervention. Statistically significant associations with colon cancer literacy scores were assessed by use of multivariate logistic regression analysis. Results are frequency (proportion), mean +/- SD, and odds ratio (OR (95% CI)). RESULTS Seventy-three subjects participated: mean age, 57 +/- 12 years, 35 (48%) were women, 41 (57%) had a college degree, 43 (59%) had prior colonoscopy, 21 (29%) were accompanying family, and 16 (22%) were health care employees. Multivariate factors associated with a higher baseline colon cancer literacy score included health care employee status (7.9 (95% CI, 1.6-63); P = .02) and family colon cancer history (5.3 (95% CI, 1.3-25); P = .02). After multimedia education, mean scores improved from 53% +/- 23% to 88% +/- 12% (Delta = 35%; P < .0001). On univariate analysis, college-educated subjects had higher final scores (91% vs 83%; P = .007), but this association was not significant on multivariate regression (P = .07). Only baseline score was associated with higher postintervention score (1.7 (95% CI, 1.2-2.6); P = .005). Sixty-two subjects (86%) were very satisfied, and 70 (97%) would recommend the module to friends and family. CONCLUSION A knowledge deficit of colon cancer-related concepts is frequently observed in patients undergoing screening colonoscopy. Multimedia-based educational intervention was an effective, satisfying strategy for addressing cancer-specific knowledge deficit in laypersons.
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