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Liu Y. Risk management of smart healthcare systems: Delimitation, state-of-arts, process, and perspectives. JOURNAL OF PATIENT SAFETY AND RISK MANAGEMENT 2022. [DOI: 10.1177/25160435221102242] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
Sensing, communication, computation, and control technologies are facilitating smart healthcare to improve efficiency and effectiveness of medical treatment and care. This study focuses on the risk issues relevant with the adverse events where novel technical systems do not serve as expected. We discuss the unique challenges, define the scope of risk management in healthcare and review the state-of-art research on diverse topics under the framework widely used in risk management. Then, we present a systematic approach to identify the hazards to patients and other asset of interest in the perception, cyber communication, and execution of smart technologies and their operational contexts. We also investigate different methods for scenario, likelihood, and consequence analyses for specifying the risks of adverse events, and categorize the approaches of risk reduction, as the main strategy of treating risks of smart healthcare systems, into four groups of design, operation, organization, and legislation. At the last, the article proposes some research perspectives responding to the developing trend of smart healthcare.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yiliu Liu
- Department of Mechanical and Industrial Engineering, Norwegian University of Science and Technology, Trondheim, Norway
- B. John Garrick Institute for the Risk Sciences, University of California Los Angeles (UCLA), Los Angeles, USA
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Moeng MS, Luvhengo TE. Analysis of Surgical Mortalities Using the Fishbone Model for Quality Improvement in Surgical Disciplines. World J Surg 2022; 46:1006-1014. [PMID: 35119512 DOI: 10.1007/s00268-021-06414-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 11/20/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The healthcare industry is complex and prone to the occurrence of preventable patient safety incidents. Most serious patient safety events in surgery are preventable. AIM This study was conducted to determine the rate of occurrence of preventable mortalities and to use the fishbone model to establish the main contributing factors. METHODS We reviewed the records of patients who died following admission to the surgical wards. Data regarding their demography, diagnosis, acuity, comorbidities, categorization of death and contributing factors were extracted from the Research Electronic Data Capture (REDCap) database. Factors which contributed to preventable and potentially preventable mortalities were collated. The fishbone model was used for root cause analysis. The study received prior ethical clearance (M190122). RESULTS Records of 859 mortalities were found, of which 65.7% (564/859) were males. The median age of the patients who died was 49 years (IQR: 33-64 years). The median length of hospital stay before death was three days (IQR: 1-11 days). Twenty-four percent (24.1%) of the deaths were from gastrointestinal (GIT) emergencies, 18.4% followed head injury and 17.0% from GIT cancers. Overall, 5.4% of the mortalities were preventable, and 41.1% were considered potentially preventable. The error of judgment and training issues accounted for 46% of mortalities. CONCLUSION Most surgical mortalities involve males, and around 46% are either potentially preventable or preventable. The majority of the mortality were associated with GIT emergencies, head injury and advanced malignancies of the GIT. The leading contributing factors to preventable and potentially preventable mortalities were the error of judgment, inadequate training and shortage of resources.
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Affiliation(s)
- M S Moeng
- Charlotte Maxeke Johannesburg Academic Hospital (CMJAH), University of the Witwatersrand, Box 7053, Cresta, Johannesburg, Republic of South Africa.
| | - T E Luvhengo
- Clinical Head Department of Surgery, CMJAH, University of the Witwatersrand, Johannesburg, Republic of South Africa
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Dionigi G, Raffaelli M, Bellantone R, De Crea C, Ambrosini CE, Miccoli P, Materazzi G, Ieni A, Caruso E, Zhang D, Dralle H. Analysis and outcomes of wrong site thyroid surgery. BMC Surg 2021; 21:281. [PMID: 34088279 PMCID: PMC8176686 DOI: 10.1186/s12893-021-01247-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/13/2020] [Accepted: 05/13/2021] [Indexed: 11/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Background In thyroid surgery, wrong-site surgery (WSS) is considered a rare event and seldom reported in the literature.
Case presentation This report presents 5 WSS cases following thyroid surgery in a 20-year period. We stratified the subtypes of WSS in wrong target, wrong side, wrong procedure and wrong patient. Only planned and elective thyroid surgeries present WSS cases. The interventions were performed in low-volume hospitals, and subsequently, the patients were referred to our centres. Four cases of wrong-target procedures (thymectomies [n = 3] and lymph node excision [n = 1] performed instead of thyroidectomies) and one case of wrong-side procedure were observed in this study. Two wrong target cases resulting additionally in wrong procedure were noted. Wrong patient cases were not detected in the review. Patients experienced benign, malignant, or suspicious pathology and underwent traditional surgery (no endoscopic or robotic surgery). 40% of WSS led to legal action against the surgeon or a monetary settlement. Conclusion WSS is also observed in thyroid surgery. Considering that reports regarding the serious complications of WSS are not yet available, these complications should be discussed with the surgical community. Etiologic causes, outcomes, preventive strategies of WSS and expert opinion are presented. Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1186/s12893-021-01247-7.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gianlorenzo Dionigi
- Division of Endocrine and Minimally Invasive Surgery, University of Messina, Messina, Italy
| | - Marco Raffaelli
- U.O.C. Chirurgia Endocrina E Metabolica, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario A. Gemelli IRCCS, Roma, Italy
| | - Rocco Bellantone
- U.O.C. Chirurgia Endocrina E Metabolica, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario A. Gemelli IRCCS, Roma, Italy
| | - Carmela De Crea
- U.O.C. Chirurgia Endocrina E Metabolica, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario A. Gemelli IRCCS, Roma, Italy
| | | | - Paolo Miccoli
- Department of Surgery, University of Pisa, Pisa, Italy
| | | | - Antonio Ieni
- Division of Pathology, University of Messina, Messina, Italy
| | - Ettore Caruso
- Division of Endocrine and Minimally Invasive Surgery, University of Messina, Messina, Italy.
| | - Daqi Zhang
- Division of Endocrine and Minimally Invasive Surgery, University of Messina, Messina, Italy.,Division of Thyroid Surgery, Jilin Provincial Key Laboratory of Surgical Translational Medicine, Jilin Provincial Precision Medicine Laboratory of Molecular Biology and Translational Medicine On Differentiated Thyroid Carcinoma, China-Japan Union Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, 130000, China
| | - Henning Dralle
- Sektion Endokrine Chirurgie, Klinik für Allgemein‑, Viszeral- und Transplantationschirurgie, Universitätsklinikum Essen, Hufelandstr. 55, 45147, Essen, Deutschland
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Kwok YTA, Mah APY, Pang KMC. Our first review: an evaluation of effectiveness of root cause analysis recommendations in Hong Kong public hospitals. BMC Health Serv Res 2020; 20:507. [PMID: 32503514 PMCID: PMC7275338 DOI: 10.1186/s12913-020-05356-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/20/2020] [Accepted: 05/24/2020] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
Background To evaluate the effectiveness of root cause analysis (RCA) recommendations and propose possible ways to enhance its quality in Hong Kong public hospitals. Methods A retrospective cross-sectional study was performed across 43 public hospitals and institutes in Hong Kong, reviewing RCA reports of all Sentinel Events and Serious Untoward Events within a two-year period. The incident nature, types of root causes and strengths of recommendations were analysed. The RCA recommendations were categorised as ‘strong’, ‘medium’ or ‘weak’ strengths utilizing the US’s Veteran Affairs National Center for Patient Safety action hierarchy. Results A total of 214 reports from October 2016 to September 2018 were reviewed. These reports generated 504 root causes, averaging 2.4 per RCA report, and comprising 249 (49%) system, 233 (46%) staff behavioural and 22 (4%) patient factors. There were 760 recommendations identified in the RCA reports with an average of 3.6 per RCA. Of these, 18 (2%) recommendations were rated strong, 116 (15%) medium and 626 (82%) weak. Most recommendations were related to ‘training and education’ (466, 61%), ‘additional study/review’ (104, 14%) and ‘review/enhancement of policy/guideline’ (39, 5%). Conclusions This study provided insights about the effectiveness of RCA recommendations across all public hospitals in Hong Kong. The results showed a high proportion of root causes were attributed to staff behavioural factors and most of the recommendations were weak. The reasons include the lack of training, tools and expertise, appropriateness of panel composition, and complicated processes in carrying out large scale improvements. The Review Team suggested conducting regular RCA training, adopting easy-to-use tools, enhancing panel composition with human factors expertise, promoting an organization-wide safety culture to staff and aggregating analysis of incidents as possible improvement actions.
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A Novel FFTA for Handwashing Process to Maintain Hygiene with Events Following Different Membership Function. ARABIAN JOURNAL FOR SCIENCE AND ENGINEERING 2017. [DOI: 10.1007/s13369-017-2479-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
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McElroy LM, Khorzad R, Rowe TA, Abecassis ZA, Apley DW, Barnard C, Holl JL. Fault Tree Analysis. Am J Med Qual 2016; 32:80-86. [PMID: 26646282 DOI: 10.1177/1062860615614944] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
Abstract
The purpose of this study was to use fault tree analysis to evaluate the adequacy of quality reporting programs in identifying root causes of postoperative bloodstream infection (BSI). A systematic review of the literature was used to construct a fault tree to evaluate 3 postoperative BSI reporting programs: National Surgical Quality Improvement Program (NSQIP), Centers for Medicare and Medicaid Services (CMS), and The Joint Commission (JC). The literature review revealed 699 eligible publications, 90 of which were used to create the fault tree containing 105 faults. A total of 14 identified faults are currently mandated for reporting to NSQIP, 5 to CMS, and 3 to JC; 2 or more programs require 4 identified faults. The fault tree identifies numerous contributing faults to postoperative BSI and reveals substantial variation in the requirements and ability of national quality data reporting programs to capture these potential faults. Efforts to prevent postoperative BSI require more comprehensive data collection to identify the root causes and develop high-reliability improvement strategies.
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Singh K, Raj N, Sahu SK, Behera RK, Sarkar S, Maiti J. Modelling safety of gantry crane operations using Petri nets. Int J Inj Contr Saf Promot 2015; 24:32-43. [PMID: 26167639 DOI: 10.1080/17457300.2015.1056809] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Being a powerful tool in modelling industrial and service operations, Petri net (PN) has been extremely used in different domains, but its application in safety study is limited. In this study, we model the gantry crane operations used for industrial activities using generalized stochastic PNs. The complete cycle of operations of the gantry crane is split into three parts namely inspection and loading, movement of load, and unloading of load. PN models are developed for all three parts and the whole system as well. The developed PN models have captured the safety issues through reachability tree. The hazardous states are identified and how they ultimately lead to some unwanted accidents is demonstrated. The possibility of falling of load and failure of hook, sling, attachment and hoist rope are identified. Possible suggestions based on the study are presented for redesign of the system. For example, mechanical stoppage of operations in case of loosely connected load, and warning system for use of wrong buttons is tested using modified models.
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Affiliation(s)
- Karmveer Singh
- a Department of Industrial and Systems Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology , Kharagpur , India
| | - Navneet Raj
- a Department of Industrial and Systems Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology , Kharagpur , India
| | - S K Sahu
- b ITR Chandipur, DRDO , Balasore , India
| | - R K Behera
- b ITR Chandipur, DRDO , Balasore , India
| | - Sobhan Sarkar
- a Department of Industrial and Systems Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology , Kharagpur , India
| | - J Maiti
- a Department of Industrial and Systems Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology , Kharagpur , India
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