1
|
Gene Set Enrichment Analysis Detected Immune Cell-Related Pathways Associated with Primary Sclerosing Cholangitis. BIOMED RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2022; 2022:2371347. [PMID: 36060137 PMCID: PMC9439919 DOI: 10.1155/2022/2371347] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/09/2022] [Accepted: 08/17/2022] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
Aim To explore various immune cell-related causal pathways for primary sclerosing cholangitis (PSC). Methods Immune cell-related pathway association study was conducted via integrative analysis of PSC GWAS summary and five immune cell-related eQTL datasets. The GWAS summary data of PSC was driven from 4,796 PSC cases and 19,955 healthy controls. The eQTL datasets of CD4+ T cells, CD8+ T cells, B cells, natural killer cells (NK), monocytes, and peripheral blood cells (PB) were collected from recently eQTL study. The PSC GWAS summary dataset was first aligned with eQTL datasets of six blood cells to obtain the GWAS summary data at overlapped eQTL loci, separately. For each type of cell, the obtained PSC GWAS summary dataset of eQTLs was subjected to pathway enrichment analysis. 853 biological pathways from Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes, BioCarta, and Reactome pathway databases were analyzed. Results We identified 36 pathways for B cells, 33 pathways for CD4+ T cells, 28 pathways for CD8+ T cells, 33 pathways for monocytes (MN), 35 pathways for NK cells, and 33 for PB cells (all empirical P values <5.0 × 10−5). Comparing the pathway analysis results detected 25 pathways shared by five immune cells, such as KEGG_CELL_ADHESION_MOLECULES_CAMS (P value <5.0 × 10−5) and REACTOME_MHC_CLASS_II_ANTIGEN_ PRESENTATION (P value <5.0 × 10−5). Several cell-specific pathways were also identified, including BIOCARTA_INFLAM_PATHWAY (P value <5 × 10−5) for B cell. Conclusion Our study holds potential to identify novel candidate causal pathways and provides clues for revealing the complex genetic mechanism of PSC.
Collapse
|
2
|
Lu Y, Zhao J, Tian Y, Shao D, Zhang Z, Li S, Li J, Zhang H, Wang W, Jiao P, Ma J. Dichotomous Roles of Men1 in Macrophages and Fibroblasts in Bleomycin-Induced Pulmonary Fibrosis. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms23105385. [PMID: 35628193 PMCID: PMC9140697 DOI: 10.3390/ijms23105385] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/05/2022] [Revised: 04/19/2022] [Accepted: 05/09/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Pulmonary fibrosis therapy is limited by the unclear mechanism of its pathogenesis. C57BL/6 mice were used to construct the pulmonary fibrosis model in this study. The results showed that Men1, which encodes menin protein, was significantly downregulated in bleomycin (BLM)—induced pulmonary fibrosis. Mice were made to overexpress or had Men1 knockdown with adeno-associated virus (AAV) infection and then induced with pulmonary fibrosis. BLM—induced pulmonary fibrosis was attenuated by Men1 overexpression and exacerbated by Men1 knockdown. Further analysis revealed the distinct roles of Men1 in fibroblasts and macrophages. Men1 inhibited fibroblast activation and extracellular matrix (ECM) protein expression while promoting macrophages to be profibrotic (M2) phenotype and enhancing their migration. Accordingly, pyroptosis was potentiated by Men1 in mouse peritoneal macrophages (PMCs) and lung tissues upon BLM stimulation. Furthermore, the expression of profibrotic factor OPN was positively regulated by menin in Raw264.7 cells and lung tissues by binding to the OPN promoter region. Taken together, although Men1 showed antifibrotic properties in BLM—induced pulmonary fibrosis mice, conflictive roles of Men1 were displayed in fibroblasts and macrophages. The profibrotic role of Men1 in macrophages may occur via the regulation of macrophage pyroptosis and OPN expression. This study extends the current pathogenic understanding of pulmonary fibrosis.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Ping Jiao
- Correspondence: (P.J.); (J.M.); Tel.: +86-431-8561-9289 (P.J.); +86-431-8561-9719 (J.M.)
| | - Jie Ma
- Correspondence: (P.J.); (J.M.); Tel.: +86-431-8561-9289 (P.J.); +86-431-8561-9719 (J.M.)
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Ru L, Wang XM, Niu JQ. The miR-23-27-24 cluster: an emerging target in NAFLD pathogenesis. Acta Pharmacol Sin 2022; 43:1167-1179. [PMID: 34893685 PMCID: PMC9061717 DOI: 10.1038/s41401-021-00819-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/02/2021] [Accepted: 11/08/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
The incidence of non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is increasing globally, being the most widespread form of chronic liver disease in the west. NAFLD includes a variety of disease states, the mildest being non-alcoholic fatty liver that gradually progresses to non-alcoholic steatohepatitis, fibrosis, cirrhosis, and eventually hepatocellular carcinoma. Small non-coding single-stranded microRNAs (miRNAs) regulate gene expression at the miRNA or translational level. Numerous miRNAs have been shown to promote NAFLD pathogenesis and progression through increasing lipid accumulation, oxidative stress, mitochondrial damage, and inflammation. The miR-23-27-24 clusters, composed of miR-23a-27a-24-2 and miR-23b-27b-24-1, have been implicated in various biological processes as well as many diseases. Herein, we review the current knowledge on miR-27, miR-24, and miR-23 in NAFLD pathogenesis and discuss their potential significance in NAFLD diagnosis and therapy.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Lin Ru
- grid.430605.40000 0004 1758 4110Department of Hepatology, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, 130021 China
| | - Xiao-mei Wang
- grid.430605.40000 0004 1758 4110Department of Hepatology, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, 130021 China ,grid.430605.40000 0004 1758 4110Key Laboratory of Zoonosis Research, Ministry of Education, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, 130021 China
| | - Jun-qi Niu
- grid.430605.40000 0004 1758 4110Department of Hepatology, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, 130021 China ,grid.430605.40000 0004 1758 4110Key Laboratory of Zoonosis Research, Ministry of Education, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, 130021 China
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Guo CJ, Pan Q, Ma X. lncRNA NONRATT013819.2 promotes transforming growth factor-β1-induced myofibroblastic transition of hepatic stellate cells by miR24-3p/ lox. Open Med (Wars) 2022; 17:661-675. [PMID: 35434372 PMCID: PMC8982046 DOI: 10.1515/med-2022-0460] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/22/2021] [Revised: 02/06/2022] [Accepted: 02/22/2022] [Indexed: 01/12/2023] Open
Abstract
Long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs) are key regulators of hepatic stellate cells (HSCs), yet the role of upregulated lncRNA-NONRATT013819.2 in activated HSCs remains uncertain. In this study, the effects of NONRATT013819.2 on proliferation, apoptosis, migration, and contraction of transforming growth factor (TGF)-β1-induced HSCs were investigated. The mechanisms of NONRATT013819.2 on the activated HSCs were explored by loss-of-function of NONRATT013819.2 and gain-of-function of the target gene. Here, TGF-β1 treatment resulted in a gradual increase in the expression of cytoskeleton markers (collagen, α-SMA, and TIMP1), NONRATT013819.2, miR24-3p, and lysyl oxidase (Lox) over time in HSCs. NONRATT013819.2 acted as a sponge of miR24-3p to competitively abolish the inhibition of the lox gene in HSCs. Silencing of NONRATT013819.2 suppressed the expression of cytoskeleton markers, proliferation, and the proportion of cells that entered the S-phase, and promoted apoptosis in TGF-β1-activated HSCs. These effects were reversed when lox overexpression was introduced simultaneously. Similarly, silencing of NONRATT013819.2 also blocked ECM reconstruction, while recused by lox overexpression in TGF-β1-activated HSCs. In conclusion, upregulation of NONRATT013819.2 promotes the myofibroblastic transition by competitively binding miR24-3p to release lox in HSCs. Therefore, targeted therapy of NONRATT013819.2 may have the potential for liver fibrosis.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Can-Jie Guo
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Key Laboratory of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Ministry of Health, Renji Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai Institute of Digestive Disease, Shanghai 200001, China
| | - Qin Pan
- Research Center, Shanghai University of Medicine and Health Sciences Affiliated Zhoupi Hospital, Shanghai, 201318, China.,Digestive Disease Laboratory and Department of Gastroenterology, Xinhua Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiaotong University, 1665 Kongjiang Road, Shanghai 200092, China
| | - Xiong Ma
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Key Laboratory of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Ministry of Health, Renji Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai Institute of Digestive Disease, 145 Middle Shandong Road, Shanghai 200001, China
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Mukherjee S, Shelar B, Krishna S. Versatile role of miR-24/24-1*/24-2* expression in cancer and other human diseases. Am J Transl Res 2022; 14:20-54. [PMID: 35173828 PMCID: PMC8829624] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/12/2021] [Accepted: 10/08/2021] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
MiRNAs (miRs) have been proven to be well-validated therapeutic targets. Emerging evidence has demonstrated that intricate, intrinsic and paradoxical functions of miRs are context-dependent because of their multiple upstream regulators, broad spectrum of downstream molecular targets and distinct expression in various tissues, organs and disease states. Targeted therapy has become an emerging field of research. One key for the development of successful miR-based/targeted therapy is to acquire integrated knowledge of its regulatory network and its association with disease phenotypes to identify critical nodes of the underlying pathogenesis. Herein, we systematically summarized the comprehensive role of miR-24-3p (miR-24), along with its passenger strands miR-24-1-5p* (miR-24-1) and miR-24-2-5p* (miR-24-2), emphasizing their microenvironment, intracellular targets, and associated gene networks and regulatory phenotypes in 18 different cancer types and 13 types of other disorders. MiR-24 targets and regulates numerous genes in various cancer types and enhances the expression of several oncogenes (e.g., cMyc, BCL2 and HIF1), which are challenging in terms of druggability. In contrast, several tumor suppressor proteins (p21 and p53) have been reported to be downregulated by miR-24. MiR-24 also regulates the cell cycle and is associated with numerous cancer hallmarks such as apoptosis, proliferation, metastasis, invasion, angiogenesis, autophagy, drug resistance and other diseases pathogenesis. Overall, miR-24 plays an emerging role in the diagnosis, prognosis and pathobiology of various diseases. MiR-24 is a potential target for targeted therapy in the era of precision medicine, which expands the landscape of targetable macromolecules, including undruggable proteins.
Collapse
|
6
|
Tadokoro T, Morishita A, Masaki T. Diagnosis and Therapeutic Management of Liver Fibrosis by MicroRNA. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:ijms22158139. [PMID: 34360904 PMCID: PMC8347497 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22158139] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2021] [Revised: 07/23/2021] [Accepted: 07/23/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Remarkable progress has been made in the treatment and control of hepatitis B and C viral infections. However, fundamental treatments for diseases in which liver fibrosis is a key factor, such as cirrhosis, alcoholic/nonalcoholic steatohepatitis, autoimmune hepatitis, primary biliary cholangitis, and primary sclerosing cholangitis, are still under development and remain an unmet medical need. To solve this problem, it is essential to elucidate the pathogenesis of liver fibrosis in detail from a molecular and cellular perspective and to develop targeted therapeutic agents based on this information. Recently, microRNAs (miRNAs), functional RNAs of 22 nucleotides, have been shown to be involved in the pathogenesis of liver fibrosis. In addition, extracellular vesicles called “exosomes” have been attracting attention, and research is being conducted to establish noninvasive and extremely sensitive biomarkers using miRNAs in exosomes. In this review, we summarize miRNAs directly involved in liver fibrosis, miRNAs associated with diseases leading to liver fibrosis, and miRNAs related to complications of cirrhosis. We will also discuss the efficacy of each miRNA as a biomarker of liver fibrosis and pathology, and its potential application as a therapeutic agent.
Collapse
|
7
|
Marini F, Brandi ML. Role of miR-24 in Multiple Endocrine Neoplasia Type 1: A Potential Target for Molecular Therapy. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:ijms22147352. [PMID: 34298972 PMCID: PMC8306915 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22147352] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/16/2021] [Revised: 07/07/2021] [Accepted: 07/07/2021] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Multiple endocrine neoplasia type 1 (MEN1) is a rare autosomal dominant inherited multiple cancer syndrome of neuroendocrine tissues. Tumors are caused by an inherited germinal heterozygote inactivating mutation of the MEN1 tumor suppressor gene, followed by a somatic loss of heterozygosity (LOH) of the MEN1 gene in target neuroendocrine cells, mainly at parathyroids, pancreas islets, and anterior pituitary. Over 1500 different germline and somatic mutations of the MEN1 gene have been identified, but the syndrome is completely missing a direct genotype-phenotype correlation, thus supporting the hypothesis that exogenous and endogenous factors, other than MEN1 specific mutation, are involved in MEN1 tumorigenesis and definition of individual clinical phenotype. Epigenetic factors, such as microRNAs (miRNAs), are strongly suspected to have a role in MEN1 tumor initiation and development. Recently, a direct autoregulatory network between miR-24, MEN1 mRNA, and menin was demonstrated in parathyroids and endocrine pancreas, showing a miR-24-induced silencing of menin expression that could have a key role in initiation of tumors in MEN1-target neuroendocrine cells. Here, we review the current knowledge on the post-transcriptional regulation of MEN1 and menin expression by miR-24, and its possible direct role in MEN1 syndrome, describing the possibility and the potential approaches to target and silence this miRNA, to permit the correct expression of the wild type menin, and thereby prevent the development of cancers in the target tissues.
Collapse
MESH Headings
- 3' Untranslated Regions
- Animals
- Antagomirs/pharmacology
- Antagomirs/therapeutic use
- Chromosomes, Human, Pair 19/genetics
- Chromosomes, Human, Pair 9/genetics
- DNA Damage
- Feedback, Physiological
- Forecasting
- Gene Expression Regulation, Neoplastic
- Gene Regulatory Networks
- Genetic Therapy
- Humans
- MicroRNAs/genetics
- Molecular Targeted Therapy
- Multiple Endocrine Neoplasia Type 1/genetics
- Multiple Endocrine Neoplasia Type 1/metabolism
- Multiple Endocrine Neoplasia Type 1/therapy
- Neoplasm Proteins/antagonists & inhibitors
- Neoplasm Proteins/genetics
- Neoplasm Proteins/metabolism
- Neoplasms/genetics
- Neoplasms/metabolism
- Neoplasms/pathology
- Protein Isoforms/genetics
- Proto-Oncogene Proteins/antagonists & inhibitors
- Proto-Oncogene Proteins/genetics
- Proto-Oncogene Proteins/metabolism
- RNA, Messenger/antagonists & inhibitors
- RNA, Messenger/genetics
- RNA, Neoplasm/antagonists & inhibitors
- RNA, Neoplasm/genetics
- Rats
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Francesca Marini
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Biomedical Sciences, University of Florence, Viale Pieraccini 6, 50139 Florence, Italy;
- F.I.R.M.O., Italian Foundation for the Research on Bone Diseases, Via Reginaldo Giuliani 195/A, 50141 Florence, Italy
| | - Maria Luisa Brandi
- F.I.R.M.O., Italian Foundation for the Research on Bone Diseases, Via Reginaldo Giuliani 195/A, 50141 Florence, Italy
- Correspondence: or ; Tel.: +39-055-23-36-663
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Huang C, Xing X, Xiang X, Fan X, Men R, Ye T, Yang L. MicroRNAs in autoimmune liver diseases: from diagnosis to potential therapeutic targets. Biomed Pharmacother 2020; 130:110558. [PMID: 32781357 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2020.110558] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/14/2020] [Revised: 07/21/2020] [Accepted: 07/26/2020] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Autoimmune liver diseases (AILDs) are a group of liver disorders composed of autoimmune hepatitis (AIH), primary biliary cholangitis (PBC), and primary sclerosing cholangitis (PSC) characterized by chronic hepatic and biliary inflammation. Although several genetic factors, such as HLA alleles, TNFA, and CTLA-4, have been reported in the pathogenesis of AILDs, many details remain unknown. In recent years, microRNAs (miRNAs) have emerged as crucial components in the diagnosis and therapeutic applications of various autoimmune diseases, including systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE), glomerulonephritis, and AILDs. MiRNAs comprise a class of small, noncoding molecules of 19--25 nucleotides that modulate multiple genes by suppressing or degrading target mRNAs. Altered miRNA profiles have been identified in serum, immune cells, and live tissues from AILD patients. Elevated serum miR-21 and miR-122 levels in AIH patients as well as decreased miR-200c levels in PSC patients indicate their diagnostic utility. Highly expressed miR-122 and miR-378f as well as downregulated miR-4311 and miR-4714-3p in serum samples from refractory PBC patients suggest their potential to evaluate treatment efficacy. Moreover, miRNAs have been reported to participate in AILD development. Increased miR-506 levels may impair bile secretion in PBC by inhibiting Cl-/HCO3-anion exchanger 2 (AE2) and type III inositol 1,4,5-trisphosphate receptor-3 (InsP3R3). Additionally, different miRNA mimics or antagonists, such as atagomiR-155 and miR-223 mimics, have been widely applied in experimental AILD murine models with great efficacy. Here, we provide an overview of miRNAs in AILDs, aiming to summarize their potential roles in diagnosis and therapeutic interventions, and we discuss the challenges and future applications of miRNAs in clinical practice.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Chen Huang
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Sichuan University-University of Oxford Huaxi Joint Centre for Gastrointestinal Cancer, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Xian Xing
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Sichuan University-University of Oxford Huaxi Joint Centre for Gastrointestinal Cancer, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Xinyu Xiang
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Sichuan University-University of Oxford Huaxi Joint Centre for Gastrointestinal Cancer, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Xiaoli Fan
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Sichuan University-University of Oxford Huaxi Joint Centre for Gastrointestinal Cancer, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Ruoting Men
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Sichuan University-University of Oxford Huaxi Joint Centre for Gastrointestinal Cancer, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Tinghong Ye
- Laboratory of Liver Surgery, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy/Collaborative Innovation Center for Biotherapy, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China.
| | - Li Yang
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Sichuan University-University of Oxford Huaxi Joint Centre for Gastrointestinal Cancer, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China.
| |
Collapse
|
9
|
Kennedy L, Meadows V, Kyritsi K, Pham L, Kundu D, Kulkarni R, Cerritos K, Demieville J, Hargrove L, Glaser S, Zhou T, Jaeger V, Alpini G, Francis H. Amelioration of Large Bile Duct Damage by Histamine-2 Receptor Vivo-Morpholino Treatment. THE AMERICAN JOURNAL OF PATHOLOGY 2020; 190:1018-1029. [PMID: 32142732 DOI: 10.1016/j.ajpath.2020.01.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/02/2019] [Revised: 01/22/2020] [Accepted: 01/23/2020] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
Histamine binds to one of the four G-protein-coupled receptors expressed by large cholangiocytes and increases large cholangiocyte proliferation via histamine-2 receptor (H2HR), which is increased in patients with primary sclerosing cholangitis (PSC). Ranitidine decreases liver damage in Mdr2-/- (ATP binding cassette subfamily B member 4 null) mice. We targeted hepatic H2HR in Mdr2-/- mice using vivo-morpholino. Wild-type and Mdr2-/- mice were treated with mismatch or H2HR vivo-morpholino by tail vein injection for 1 week. Liver damage, mast cell (MC) activation, biliary H2HR, and histamine serum levels were studied. MC markers were determined by quantitative real-time PCR for chymase and c-kit. Intrahepatic biliary mass was detected by cytokeratin-19 and F4/80 to evaluate inflammation. Biliary senescence was determined by immunofluorescence and senescence-associated β-galactosidase staining. Hepatic fibrosis was evaluated by staining for desmin, Sirius Red/Fast Green, and vimentin. Immunofluorescence for transforming growth factor-β1, vascular endothelial growth factor-A/C, and cAMP/ERK expression was performed. Transforming growth factor-β1 and vascular endothelial growth factor-A secretion was measured in serum and/or cholangiocyte supernatant. Treatment with H2HR vivo-morpholino in Mdr2-/--mice decreased hepatic damage; H2HR protein expression and MC presence or activation; large intrahepatic bile duct mass, inflammation and senescence; and fibrosis, angiogenesis, and cAMP/phospho-ERK expression. Inhibition of H2HR signaling ameliorates large ductal PSC-induced damage. The H2HR axis may be targeted in treating PSC.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Lindsey Kennedy
- Office of Research, Richard L. Roudebush Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Indianapolis, Indiana; Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Department of Medicine, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, Indiana
| | - Vik Meadows
- Office of Research, Richard L. Roudebush Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Indianapolis, Indiana; Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Department of Medicine, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, Indiana
| | - Konstantina Kyritsi
- Office of Research, Richard L. Roudebush Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Indianapolis, Indiana; Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Department of Medicine, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, Indiana
| | - Linh Pham
- Office of Research, Richard L. Roudebush Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Indianapolis, Indiana; Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Department of Medicine, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, Indiana; Department of Medical Science & Mathematics, Texas A&M University, College Station, Texas
| | - Debjyoti Kundu
- Office of Research, Richard L. Roudebush Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Indianapolis, Indiana; Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Department of Medicine, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, Indiana
| | - Rewa Kulkarni
- Office of Research, Richard L. Roudebush Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Indianapolis, Indiana; Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Department of Medicine, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, Indiana
| | - Karla Cerritos
- Office of Research, Richard L. Roudebush Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Indianapolis, Indiana; Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Department of Medicine, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, Indiana
| | - Jennifer Demieville
- Research Department, Central Texas Veterans Health Care System, Temple, Texas
| | - Laura Hargrove
- Department of Physiology, Texas A&M University, College Station, Texas
| | - Shannon Glaser
- Department of Physiology, Texas A&M University, College Station, Texas
| | - Tianhao Zhou
- Department of Physiology, Texas A&M University, College Station, Texas
| | - Victoria Jaeger
- Department of Physiology, Texas A&M University, College Station, Texas
| | - Gianfranco Alpini
- Office of Research, Richard L. Roudebush Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Indianapolis, Indiana; Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Department of Medicine, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, Indiana
| | - Heather Francis
- Office of Research, Richard L. Roudebush Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Indianapolis, Indiana; Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Department of Medicine, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, Indiana.
| |
Collapse
|
10
|
Ge MX, Shao RG, He HW. Advances in understanding the regulatory mechanism of cholesterol 7α-hydroxylase. Biochem Pharmacol 2019; 164:152-164. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bcp.2019.04.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/25/2019] [Accepted: 04/08/2019] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
|
11
|
Epigenetics of autoimmune liver diseases: current progress and future directions. JOURNAL OF BIO-X RESEARCH 2019. [DOI: 10.1097/jbr.0000000000000030] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
|
12
|
Jia N, Lin X, Ma S, Ge S, Mu S, Yang C, Shi S, Gao L, Xu J, Bo T, Zhao J. Amelioration of hepatic steatosis is associated with modulation of gut microbiota and suppression of hepatic miR-34a in Gynostemma pentaphylla (Thunb.) Makino treated mice. Nutr Metab (Lond) 2018; 15:86. [PMID: 30555521 PMCID: PMC6282400 DOI: 10.1186/s12986-018-0323-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2018] [Accepted: 11/26/2018] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is a chronic and progressive liver disease with an increased risk of morbidity and mortality. However, so far no specific pharmacotherapy has been approved. Gynostemma pentaphylla (Thunb.) Makino (GP) is a traditional Chinese medicine that is widely used against hyperlipemia as well as hyperglycemia. This study aims to evaluate the effect of GP on NAFLD and explore the possible mechanism. Methods High-fat-diet induced NAFLD mice model were orally administrated with GP at dose of 11.7 g/kg or equivalent volume of distilled water once a day for 16 weeks. Body weight, food intake and energy expenditure were assessed to evaluate the general condition of mice. The triglycerides, total cholesterol content in the liver and liver histopathology, serum lipid profile and serum insulin level, fecal microbiome, hepatic microRNAs and relative target genes were analyzed. Results Mice in GP treatment group displayed improved hepatic triglycerides content with lower lipid droplet in hepatocyte and NAFLD activity score. Besides, GP treatment altered the composition of gut microbiota and the relative abundance of some of the key components that are implicated in metabolic disorders, especially phylum Firmicutes (Eubacterium, Blautia, Clostridium and Lactobacillus). Several hepatic microRNAs were downregulated by GP treatment such as miR-130a, miR-34a, miR-29a, miR-199a, among which the expression miR-34a was altered by more than four-fold compared to that of HFD group (3:14). The correlation analysis showed that miR-34a was strongly related to the change of gut microbiota especially phylum Firmicutes (R = 0.796). Additionally, the target genes of miR-34a (HNF4α, PPARα and PPARα) were restored by GP both in mRNA and protein levels. Conclusion Our results suggested that GP modulated the gut microbiota and suppressed hepatic miR-34a, which was associated with the amelioration of hepatic steatosis.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ning Jia
- 1Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan, 250355 China.,2Department of Endocrinology, Shandong Provincial Hospital affiliated to Shandong University, Jinan, 250021 China.,Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Institute of Endocrinology and Lipid Metabolism, Jinan, 250021 China.,Institute of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Shandong Academy of Clinical Medicine, Jinan, 250021 China
| | - Xiaoyan Lin
- 6Department of Pathology, Shandong Provincial Hospital affiliated to Shandong University, 324, Jing 5 Rd, Jinan, 250021 China
| | - Shizhan Ma
- 2Department of Endocrinology, Shandong Provincial Hospital affiliated to Shandong University, Jinan, 250021 China.,Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Institute of Endocrinology and Lipid Metabolism, Jinan, 250021 China.,Institute of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Shandong Academy of Clinical Medicine, Jinan, 250021 China
| | - Shujian Ge
- 7Department of Scientific Research, Shandong Provincial Hospital affiliated to Shandong University, 324, Jing 5 Rd, Jinan, 250021 China
| | - Shumin Mu
- 8Department of Endocrinology, Affiliated Hospital of Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan, 250014 China
| | - Chongbo Yang
- 2Department of Endocrinology, Shandong Provincial Hospital affiliated to Shandong University, Jinan, 250021 China.,Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Institute of Endocrinology and Lipid Metabolism, Jinan, 250021 China.,Institute of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Shandong Academy of Clinical Medicine, Jinan, 250021 China
| | - Shulong Shi
- 1Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan, 250355 China.,2Department of Endocrinology, Shandong Provincial Hospital affiliated to Shandong University, Jinan, 250021 China.,Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Institute of Endocrinology and Lipid Metabolism, Jinan, 250021 China.,Institute of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Shandong Academy of Clinical Medicine, Jinan, 250021 China
| | - Ling Gao
- Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Institute of Endocrinology and Lipid Metabolism, Jinan, 250021 China.,Institute of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Shandong Academy of Clinical Medicine, Jinan, 250021 China.,5Scientific Center, Shandong Provincial Hospital affiliated to Shandong University, 324, Jing 5 Rd, Jinan, 250021 China
| | - Jin Xu
- 2Department of Endocrinology, Shandong Provincial Hospital affiliated to Shandong University, Jinan, 250021 China.,Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Institute of Endocrinology and Lipid Metabolism, Jinan, 250021 China.,Institute of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Shandong Academy of Clinical Medicine, Jinan, 250021 China
| | - Tao Bo
- 5Scientific Center, Shandong Provincial Hospital affiliated to Shandong University, 324, Jing 5 Rd, Jinan, 250021 China
| | - Jiajun Zhao
- 1Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan, 250355 China.,2Department of Endocrinology, Shandong Provincial Hospital affiliated to Shandong University, Jinan, 250021 China.,Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Institute of Endocrinology and Lipid Metabolism, Jinan, 250021 China.,Institute of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Shandong Academy of Clinical Medicine, Jinan, 250021 China
| |
Collapse
|
13
|
Zhou B, Yuan W, Li X. LncRNA Gm5091 alleviates alcoholic hepatic fibrosis by sponging miR-27b/23b/24 in mice. Cell Biol Int 2018; 42:1330-1339. [DOI: 10.1002/cbin.11021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/20/2018] [Accepted: 06/09/2018] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Bo Zhou
- College of Veterinary Medicine; Northwest A&F University; Yangling Shaanxi 712100 China
| | - Wenwen Yuan
- College of Veterinary Medicine; Northwest A&F University; Yangling Shaanxi 712100 China
| | - Xinping Li
- College of Veterinary Medicine; Northwest A&F University; Yangling Shaanxi 712100 China
| |
Collapse
|
14
|
Ning J, Zhang H, Yang H. MicroRNA‑326 inhibits endometrial fibrosis by regulating TGF‑β1/Smad3 pathway in intrauterine adhesions. Mol Med Rep 2018; 18:2286-2292. [PMID: 29956752 DOI: 10.3892/mmr.2018.9187] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2017] [Accepted: 11/11/2017] [Indexed: 11/05/2022] Open
Abstract
Intrauterine adhesion (IUA), characterized by endometrial fibrosis, may lead to infertility and recurrent pregnancy loss. At present, there is no ideal therapy for IUA. Recent findings have revealed that microRNAs (miRNAs) have a decisive role in the regulation of fibrosis. The aim of the present study was to investigate the molecular mechanism of miRNAs in endometrial fibrosis. The present study compared the expression profiles of miRNAs between endometrial tissues from patients with IUA and normal endometrial tissues using microarray analysis. Validation of miR‑326 level in endometrial tissues was performed using reverse transcription‑quantitative polymerase chain reaction (RT‑qPCR). Subsequently, the effects of miR‑326 on fibrotic markers including α‑smooth muscle actin (α‑SMA), collagen type I α 1 chain (COL1A1), transforming growth factor‑β1 (TGF‑β1) and fibronectin (FN), were evaluated in endometrial tissues and endometrial stromal cells (ESCs) from patients with IUA. Additional bioinformatics analysis, luciferase reporter assays, RT‑qPCR and western blotting were performed to identify target genes. Additionally, the expression levels of TGF‑β1, p‑Smad3 and Smad3 were quantified to determine whether the anti‑fibrotic role of miR‑326 was associated with the activity of the TGF‑β1/Smad3 signaling pathway. The present study determined that miR‑326 was downregulated in endometrial tissues from patients with IUA and miR‑326 levels were inversely correlated with the expression of TGF‑β1, α‑SMA, COL1A1 and FN. Additional findings revealed that overexpression of miR‑326 inhibited endometrial fibrosis by downregulating these pro‑fibrotic genes. TGF‑β1, an important pro‑fibrogenic mediator, was identified as a direct target of miR‑326. Additionally, overexpression of miR‑326 blocked the activation of the TGF‑β1/SMAD family member 3 (Smad3) signaling pathway by suppressing the expression of TGF‑β1 in ESCs from patients with IUA. The findings of the present study indicated that miR‑326 inhibited endometrial fibrosis by suppressing the TGF‑β1/Smad3 signaling pathway, suggesting that miR‑326 may be a prognostic biomarker and therapeutic target for IUA.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jing Ning
- Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, Hainan Branch of PLA General Hospital, Sanya, Hainan 572013, P.R. China
| | - Hongtao Zhang
- Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, Fuxing Hospital Affiliated to Capital Medical University, Beijing 100038, P.R. China
| | - Hongwei Yang
- Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, Fuxing Hospital Affiliated to Capital Medical University, Beijing 100038, P.R. China
| |
Collapse
|
15
|
Cheung AC, Lorenzo Pisarello MJ, LaRusso NF. Pathobiology of biliary epithelia. Biochim Biophys Acta Mol Basis Dis 2018; 1864:1220-1231. [PMID: 28716705 PMCID: PMC5777905 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbadis.2017.06.024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/11/2017] [Revised: 06/22/2017] [Accepted: 06/26/2017] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Cholangiocytes are epithelial cells that line the intra- and extrahepatic biliary tree. They serve predominantly to mediate the content of luminal biliary fluid, which is controlled via numerous signaling pathways influenced by endogenous (e.g., bile acids, nucleotides, hormones, neurotransmitters) and exogenous (e.g., microbes/microbial products, drugs etc.) molecules. When injured, cholangiocytes undergo apoptosis/lysis, repair and proliferation. They also become senescent, a form of cell cycle arrest, which may prevent propagation of injury and/or malignant transformation. Senescent cholangiocytes can undergo further transformation to a senescence-associated secretory phenotype (SASP), where they begin secreting pro-inflammatory and pro-fibrotic signals that may contribute to disease initiation and progression. These and other concepts related to cholangiocyte pathobiology will be reviewed herein. This article is part of a Special Issue entitled: Cholangiocytes in Health and Disease edited by Jesus Banales, Marco Marzioni, Nicholas LaRusso and Peter Jansen.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Angela C Cheung
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Mayo Clinic Center for Cell Signaling in Gastroenterology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, United States
| | - Maria J Lorenzo Pisarello
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Mayo Clinic Center for Cell Signaling in Gastroenterology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, United States
| | - Nicholas F LaRusso
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Mayo Clinic Center for Cell Signaling in Gastroenterology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, United States.
| |
Collapse
|