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Colfer L, Bagués N, Noor-A-Alam M, Schmidt M, Nolan M, McComb DW, Keeney L. Tilting and Distortion in the Multiferroic Aurivillius Phase Bi 6Ti 3Fe 1.5Mn 0.5O 18. CHEMISTRY OF MATERIALS : A PUBLICATION OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY 2024; 36:5474-5486. [PMID: 38883432 PMCID: PMC11170937 DOI: 10.1021/acs.chemmater.4c00413] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/14/2024] [Revised: 05/20/2024] [Accepted: 05/23/2024] [Indexed: 06/18/2024]
Abstract
Aurivillius structured Bi6Ti3Fe1.5Mn0.5O18 (B6TFMO) has emerged as a rare room temperature multiferroic, exhibiting reversible magnetoelectric switching of ferroelectric domains under cycled magnetic fields. This layered oxide presents exceptional avenues for advancing data storage technologies owing to its distinctive ferroelectric and ferrimagnetic characteristics. Despite its immense potential, a comprehensive understanding of the underlying mechanisms driving multiferroic behavior remains elusive. Herein, we employ atomic resolution electron microscopy to elucidate the interplay of octahedral tilting and atomic-level structural distortions within B6TFMO, associating these phenomena with functional properties. Fundamental electronic features at varying bonding environments within this complex system are scrutinized using electron energy loss spectroscopy (EELS), revealing that the electronic nature of the Ti4+ cations within perovskite BO6 octahedra is influenced by position within the Aurivillius structure. Layer-by-layer EELS analysis shows an ascending crystal field splitting (Δ) trend from outer to center perovskite layers, with an average increase in Δ of 0.13 ± 0.06 eV. Density functional theory calculations, supported by atomic resolution polarization vector mapping of B-site cations, underscore the correlation between the evolving nature of Ti4+ cations, the extent of tetragonal distortion and ferroelectric behavior. Integrated differential phase contrast imaging unveils the position of light oxygen atoms in B6TFMO for the first time, exposing an escalating degree of octahedral tilting toward the center layers, which competes with the magnitude of BO6 tetragonal distortion. The observed octahedral tilting, influenced by B-site cation arrangement, is deemed crucial for juxtaposing magnetic cations and establishing long-range ferrimagnetic order in multiferroic B6TFMO.
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Affiliation(s)
- Louise Colfer
- Tyndall National Institute, University College Cork, Lee Maltings Complex, Dyke Parade, Cork T12 R5CP, Ireland
| | - Núria Bagués
- Center for Electron Microscopy and Analysis, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio 43212, United States
- Department of Materials Sciences and Engineering, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio 43210, United States
| | - Mohammad Noor-A-Alam
- Tyndall National Institute, University College Cork, Lee Maltings Complex, Dyke Parade, Cork T12 R5CP, Ireland
| | - Michael Schmidt
- Tyndall National Institute, University College Cork, Lee Maltings Complex, Dyke Parade, Cork T12 R5CP, Ireland
| | - Michael Nolan
- Tyndall National Institute, University College Cork, Lee Maltings Complex, Dyke Parade, Cork T12 R5CP, Ireland
| | - David W McComb
- Center for Electron Microscopy and Analysis, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio 43212, United States
- Department of Materials Sciences and Engineering, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio 43210, United States
| | - Lynette Keeney
- Tyndall National Institute, University College Cork, Lee Maltings Complex, Dyke Parade, Cork T12 R5CP, Ireland
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Concomitant structural and ferroelectric properties of Sr2Bi4Ti5O18 ceramics sintered with (K0.41Na0.53Li0.06)(Nb0.89Sb0.06Ta0.05)O3 perovskite. J SOLID STATE CHEM 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jssc.2022.122959] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
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Keeney L, Colfer L, Schmidt M. Probing Ferroelectric Behavior in Sub-10 nm Bismuth-Rich Aurivillius Films by Piezoresponse Force Microscopy. MICROSCOPY AND MICROANALYSIS : THE OFFICIAL JOURNAL OF MICROSCOPY SOCIETY OF AMERICA, MICROBEAM ANALYSIS SOCIETY, MICROSCOPICAL SOCIETY OF CANADA 2021; 28:1-11. [PMID: 35080489 DOI: 10.1017/s1431927621013726] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Sub-10 nm ferroelectric and multiferroic materials are attracting increased scientific and technological interest, owing to their exciting physical phenomena and prospects in miniaturized electronic devices, neuromorphic computing, and ultra-compact data storage. The Bi6Ti2.9Fe1.5Mn0.6O18 (B6TFMO) Aurivillius system is a rare example of a multiferroic that operates at room temperature. Since the formation of magnetic impurity phases can complicate attempts to measure ferromagnetic signal intrinsic to the B6TFMO multiferroic phase and thus limits its use, herein we minimize this by utilizing relatively large (49%) bismuth excess to counteract its volatility during sub-10 nm growth. X-ray diffraction, electron microscopy, and atomic force microscopy show sample crystallinity and purity are substantially improved on increasing bismuth excess from 5 to 49%, with the volume fraction of surface impurities decreasing from 2.95–3.97 vol% down to 0.02–0.31 vol%. Piezoresponse force microscopy reveals 8 nm B6TFMO films are ferroelectric, with an isotropic random distribution of stable in-plane domains and weaker out-of-plane piezoresponse. By reducing the volume fraction of magnetic impurities, this work demonstrates the recent progress in the optimization of ultra-thin B6TFMO for future multiferroic technologies. We show how the orientation of the ferroelectric polarization can be switched in 8 nm B6TFMO and arrays can be “written” and “read” to express states permitting anti-parallel information storage.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lynette Keeney
- Tyndall National Institute, University College Cork, 'Lee Maltings', Dyke Parade, CorkT12 R5CP, Ireland
| | - Louise Colfer
- Tyndall National Institute, University College Cork, 'Lee Maltings', Dyke Parade, CorkT12 R5CP, Ireland
| | - Michael Schmidt
- Tyndall National Institute, University College Cork, 'Lee Maltings', Dyke Parade, CorkT12 R5CP, Ireland
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Naresh G, Malik J, Meena V, Mandal TK. pH-Mediated Collective and Selective Solar Photocatalysis by a Series of Layered Aurivillius Perovskites. ACS OMEGA 2018; 3:11104-11116. [PMID: 31459219 PMCID: PMC6644761 DOI: 10.1021/acsomega.8b01054] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/18/2018] [Accepted: 08/31/2018] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Semiconductor photocatalysis under natural sunlight is an emergent area in contemporary materials research, which has attracted considerable attention toward the development of catalysts for environmental remediation using solar energy. A series of five-layer Aurivillius-phase perovskites, Bi5ATi4FeO18 (A = Ca, Sr, and Pb), are synthesized for the first time. Rietveld refinements of the powder X-ray diffraction data indicated orthorhombic structure for the Aurivillius phases with Fe largely occupying the central octahedral layer, whereas the divalent cations (Ca, Sr, and Pb) are statistically distributed over the cubo-octahedral A-sites of the perovskite. The compounds with visible-light-absorbing ability (E g ranging from ∼2.0 to 2.2 eV) not only exhibit excellent collective photocatalytic degradation of rhodamine B-methylene blue (MB) and rhodamine B-rhodamine 6G mixture at pH 2 but also show almost 100% photocatalytic selective degradation of MB from the rhodamine B-MB mixture at pH 11 under natural solar irradiation. The selectivity in the alkaline medium is believed to originate from the combined effect of the photocatalytic degradation of MB by the Aurivillius-phase perovskites and the photolysis of MB. Although a substantial decrease in MB adsorption from the mixed dye solution (MB + RhB) together with slower MB photolysis at the neutral pH makes the selective MB degradation sluggish, the compounds showed excellent photocatalytic degradation activity and chemical oxygen demand removal efficacy toward individual RhB (at pH 2) and MB (at pH 11) under sunlight irradiation. The catalysts are exceptionally stable and retain good crystallinity even after five successive cyclic runs without any noticeable loss of activity in both the acidic and alkaline media. The present work provides an important insight into the development of layered perovskite photocatalysts for collective degradation of multiple pollutants and selective removal of one or multiple pollutants from a mixture. The later idea may open up new possibilities for recovery/purification of useful chemical substances from the contaminated medium through selective photocatalysis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gollapally Naresh
- Department
of Chemistry and Centre of Nanotechnology, Indian Institute
of Technology Roorkee, Roorkee 247 667, India
| | - Jaideep Malik
- Department
of Chemistry and Centre of Nanotechnology, Indian Institute
of Technology Roorkee, Roorkee 247 667, India
| | - Vandana Meena
- Department
of Chemistry and Centre of Nanotechnology, Indian Institute
of Technology Roorkee, Roorkee 247 667, India
| | - Tapas Kumar Mandal
- Department
of Chemistry and Centre of Nanotechnology, Indian Institute
of Technology Roorkee, Roorkee 247 667, India
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Hailili R, Dong G, Ma Y, Jin S, Wang C, Xu T. Layered Perovskite Pb2Bi4Ti5O18 for Excellent Visible Light-Driven Photocatalytic NO Removal. Ind Eng Chem Res 2017. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.iecr.6b04706] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Reshalaiti Hailili
- Laboratory of Environmental Sciences and Technology, Xinjiang Technical Institute of Physics & Chemistry, Key Laboratory of Functional Materials and Devices for Special Environments, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Urumqi 830011, China
- The Graduate School of Chinese Academy of Science, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Guohui Dong
- Laboratory of Environmental Sciences and Technology, Xinjiang Technical Institute of Physics & Chemistry, Key Laboratory of Functional Materials and Devices for Special Environments, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Urumqi 830011, China
| | - Yichi Ma
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Northern Illinois University, DeKalb Illinois 60115, United States
| | - Si Jin
- Laboratory of Environmental Sciences and Technology, Xinjiang Technical Institute of Physics & Chemistry, Key Laboratory of Functional Materials and Devices for Special Environments, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Urumqi 830011, China
| | - Chuanyi Wang
- Laboratory of Environmental Sciences and Technology, Xinjiang Technical Institute of Physics & Chemistry, Key Laboratory of Functional Materials and Devices for Special Environments, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Urumqi 830011, China
| | - Tao Xu
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Northern Illinois University, DeKalb Illinois 60115, United States
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Rosyidah A, Onggo D, Khairurrijal, Ismunandar. Atomic Simulations of Aurivillius Oxides: Bi3TiNbO9, Bi4Ti3O12, BaBi4Ti4O15and Ba2Bi4Ti5O18Doped with Pb, Al, Ga, In, Ta. J CHIN CHEM SOC-TAIP 2013. [DOI: 10.1002/jccs.200800018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
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Goff RJ, Lightfoot P. Structural phase transitions in the relaxor ferroelectric Pb2Bi4Ti5O18. J SOLID STATE CHEM 2009. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jssc.2009.06.038] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
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Kennedy BJ, Zhou Q, Ismunandar, Kubota Y, Kato K. Cation disorder and phase transitions in the four-layer ferroelectric Aurivillius phases ABi4Ti4O15 (A=Ca, Sr, Ba, Pb). J SOLID STATE CHEM 2008. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jssc.2008.02.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 76] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
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Tellier J, Boullay P, Mercurio D. Crystal structure of the Aurivillius phases in the system Bi4Ti3O12—PbTiO3. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2008. [DOI: 10.1524/zkri.2007.222.5.234] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
The crystal structure of four Aurivillius phases within the pseudo-binary system Bi4Ti3O12—PbTiO3 is examined using a 3 + 1D approach where these phases are treated as commensurately modulated layered structures. The structure of PbBi4Ti4O15, Pb2Bi4Ti5O18, Pb3Bi4Ti6O21 and PbBi8Ti7O27 are refined by the Rietveld method using XRPD data from single phased powders. The structure of Pb3Bi4Ti6O21 and PbBi8Ti7O27 is reported for the first time. When the lead content increases, the structure gets less distorted and approaches the prototype paraelectric phase in an apparent close relation with the onset of a “relaxor-like” ferroelectric behaviour. For these relaxor compounds, SAED investigation evidences the existence of a disorder in the form of micro-twinning.
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Zhou Q, Kennedy BJ, Elcombe MM. Synthesis and structural studies of cation-substituted Aurivillius phases ASrBi2Nb2TiO12. J SOLID STATE CHEM 2006. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jssc.2006.08.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
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