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Freccero R, Frick E, Wilthorn C, Hübner JM. New Insights into the Crystal Chemistry of FeB-Type Compounds: The Case of CeGe. MATERIALS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2022; 15:9089. [PMID: 36556896 PMCID: PMC9784137 DOI: 10.3390/ma15249089] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/15/2022] [Revised: 12/11/2022] [Accepted: 12/13/2022] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
Several alkaline earth or rare earth binary monosilicides and -germanides possess complex bonding properties, such as polycation formation exceeding the scope of classical electron counting rules. In this study, we present characterization by powder and single-crystal diffraction and thermal analysis of CeGe, one of the few monogermanides crystallizing in the FeB-type structure. Comparative computational investigations for structure types experimentally observed for monogermanides and alternative structures with different structural motifs were performed to gain energetical insights into this family of compounds, underlining the preference for infinite germanium chains over other structural motifs. Formation enthalpy calculations and structural chemical analysis highlight the special position of FeB-type compounds among the monogermanides.
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Affiliation(s)
- Riccardo Freccero
- Dipartimento di Chimica e Chimica Industriale, Università degli Studi di Genova, Via Dodecaneso 31, I-16146 Genova, Italy
| | - Emmelina Frick
- Centre for Analysis and Synthesis, Lund University, Naturvetarvägen 14, 223 62 Lund, Sweden
| | - Caroline Wilthorn
- Centre for Analysis and Synthesis, Lund University, Naturvetarvägen 14, 223 62 Lund, Sweden
| | - Julia-Maria Hübner
- Centre for Analysis and Synthesis, Lund University, Naturvetarvägen 14, 223 62 Lund, Sweden
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Heying B, Rodewald UC, Pöttgen R. The germanides Er5Pd4Ge8 and Tm5Pd4Ge8 – 3D [Pd4Ge8] polyanions with Ge2 dumb-bells and Ge4 chains in cis-conformation. Z KRIST-CRYST MATER 2017. [DOI: 10.1515/zkri-2017-0001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
Abstract
Tm5Pd4Ge8 was synthesized by melting of the elements in an arc-melting furnace. The new germanide was characterized by powder and single-crystal X-ray diffraction: own structure type, P21/m, a=574.3(1), b=1380.4(3), c=836.4(1) pm, β=107.57(2)°, V=0.6321 nm3, wR2=0.0578, 2533 F2 values, 86 variables. The palladium and germanium atoms built up a three-dimensional [Pd4Ge8]15− polyanionic network which contains a unique germanium substructure composed of the Zintl anions Ge2
6− dumb-bells and Ge4
10− chains in cis-conformation. The palladium atoms within the network have distorted square pyramidal germanium coordination. The three crystallographically independent thulium atoms have coordination numbers 15, 16 and 17 with partial motifs of the Frank-Kasper type polyhedra. The isotypic germanide Er5Pd4Ge8 forms only after annealing the arc-melted sample at 1070 K for 1 week: a=575.14(9), b=1386.3(3), c=838.4(1) pm, β=107.51(2)°, V=0.6375 nm3.
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Affiliation(s)
- Birgit Heying
- Institut für Anorganische und Analytische Chemie , Universität Münster , Corrensstrasse 30 , 48149 Münster , Germany
| | - Ute Ch. Rodewald
- Institut für Anorganische und Analytische Chemie , Universität Münster , Corrensstrasse 30 , 48149 Münster , Germany
| | - Rainer Pöttgen
- Institut für Anorganische und Analytische Chemie , Universität Münster , Corrensstrasse 30 , 48149 Münster , Germany
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Castillo R, Schnelle W, Baranov AI, Burkhardt U, Bobnar M, Cardoso-Gil R, Schwarz U, Grin Y. Trigermanides AEGe 3( AE= Ca, Sr, Ba): chemical bonding and superconductivity. ZEITSCHRIFT FUR NATURFORSCHUNG SECTION B-A JOURNAL OF CHEMICAL SCIENCES 2016. [DOI: 10.1515/znb-2016-0047] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
AbstractThe crystal structures of the trigermanidesAEGe3(tI32) (AE= Ca, Sr, Ba; space groupI4/mmm, for SrGe3:a= 7.7873(1),c= 12.0622(3) Å) comprise Ge2dumbbells forming layered Ge substructures which enclose embeddedAEatoms. The chemical bonding analysis by application of the electron localizability approach reveals a substantial charge transfer from theAEatoms to the germanium substructure. The bonding within the dumbbells is of the covalent two-center type. A detailed analysis of SrGe3reveals that the interaction on the bond-opposite side of the Ge2groups is not lone pair-like – as it would be expected from the Zintl-like interpretation of the crystal structure with anionic Ge layers separated by alkaline-earth cations – but multi-center strongly polar between the Ge2dumbbells and the adjacent metal atoms. Similar atomic interactions are present in CaGe3and BaGe3. The variation of the alkaline-earth metal has a merely insignificant influence on the superconducting transition temperatures in thes,p-electron compoundsAEGe3.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rodrigo Castillo
- Max-Planck-Institut für Chemische Physik fester Stoffe , Nöthnitzer Straße 40, 01187 Dresden, Germany
| | - Walter Schnelle
- Max-Planck-Institut für Chemische Physik fester Stoffe , Nöthnitzer Straße 40, 01187 Dresden, Germany
| | - Alexey I. Baranov
- Max-Planck-Institut für Chemische Physik fester Stoffe , Nöthnitzer Straße 40, 01187 Dresden, Germany
| | - Ulrich Burkhardt
- Max-Planck-Institut für Chemische Physik fester Stoffe , Nöthnitzer Straße 40, 01187 Dresden, Germany
| | - Matej Bobnar
- Max-Planck-Institut für Chemische Physik fester Stoffe , Nöthnitzer Straße 40, 01187 Dresden, Germany
| | - Raul Cardoso-Gil
- Max-Planck-Institut für Chemische Physik fester Stoffe , Nöthnitzer Straße 40, 01187 Dresden, Germany
| | - Ulrich Schwarz
- Max-Planck-Institut für Chemische Physik fester Stoffe , Nöthnitzer Straße 40, 01187 Dresden, Germany
| | - Yuri Grin
- Max-Planck-Institut für Chemische Physik fester Stoffe , Nöthnitzer Straße 40, 01187 Dresden, Germany
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Affiliation(s)
- Uwe Ruschewitz
- Institut für Anorganische Chemie; Universität zu Köln; Greinstraße 6 50939 Köln Deutschland
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Ruschewitz U. [Ge=Ge]4−Dumbbells in the Zintl Phase Li3NaGe2. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2016; 55:3264-6. [DOI: 10.1002/anie.201600424] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/14/2016] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Uwe Ruschewitz
- Institut für Anorganische Chemie; Universität zu Köln; Greinstraße 6 50939 Köln Germany
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Scherf LM, Karttunen AJ, Pecher O, Magusin PCMM, Grey CP, Fässler TF. [Ge2]4−Dumbbells with Very Short Ge−Ge Distances in the Zintl Phase Li3NaGe2: A Solid-State Equivalent to Molecular O2. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2015; 55:1075-9. [DOI: 10.1002/anie.201508044] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/27/2015] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Lavinia M. Scherf
- Department of Chemistry; Technische Universität München; Lichtenbergstrasse 4 85747 Garching/München Germany
| | | | - Oliver Pecher
- Department of Chemistry; University of Cambridge; Lensfield Road Cambridge CB2 1EW UK
| | | | - Clare P. Grey
- Department of Chemistry; University of Cambridge; Lensfield Road Cambridge CB2 1EW UK
| | - Thomas F. Fässler
- Department of Chemistry; Technische Universität München; Lichtenbergstrasse 4 85747 Garching/München Germany
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Scherf LM, Karttunen AJ, Pecher O, Magusin PCMM, Grey CP, Fässler TF. [Ge2]4−Dumbbells with Very Short Ge−Ge Distances in the Zintl Phase Li3NaGe2: A Solid-State Equivalent to Molecular O2. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2015. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.201508044] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Lavinia M. Scherf
- Department of Chemistry; Technische Universität München; Lichtenbergstrasse 4 85747 Garching/München Germany
| | | | - Oliver Pecher
- Department of Chemistry; University of Cambridge; Lensfield Road Cambridge CB2 1EW UK
| | | | - Clare P. Grey
- Department of Chemistry; University of Cambridge; Lensfield Road Cambridge CB2 1EW UK
| | - Thomas F. Fässler
- Department of Chemistry; Technische Universität München; Lichtenbergstrasse 4 85747 Garching/München Germany
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Doverbratt I, Ponou S, Wang F, Lidin S. Synthesis, crystal structure, and bonding analysis of the hypoelectronic cubic phase Ca5Pd6Ge6. Inorg Chem 2015; 54:9098-104. [PMID: 26325237 DOI: 10.1021/acs.inorgchem.5b01528] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
The title compound, Ca5Pd6Ge6, was obtained during a systematic investigation of the Ca-Pd-Ge ternary phase diagram. The crystal structure was determined and refined from single-crystal X-ray diffraction data. It crystallizes in a new structure variant of the Y4PdGa12-type structure (Im3̅m, a = 8.7764(4) Å) that features an arrangement of vertex-sharing body-centered cubes of calcium, Ca@Ca8, with a hierarchical bcc network, interpenetrating a second (Pd6Ge6) network consisting of Ge2 dumbbells surrounded by Pd in a strongly flattened octahedron with Pd(μ(2)-η(2),η(4)-Ge2)-like motifs. These octahedra are condensed through the Pd to form a 3D open fcc network. Theoretical band structure calculations suggested that the compound is hypoelectronic with predominantly multicenter-type interatomic interactions involving all three elements and essentially a Hume-Rothery-like regime of electronic stabilization. The similar electronegativity between germanium and palladium atoms has a decisive impact on the bonding picture of the system.
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Affiliation(s)
- Isa Doverbratt
- Centre for Analysis and Synthesis, Lund University , P.O. Box 124, 22100 Lund, Sweden
| | - Siméon Ponou
- Centre for Analysis and Synthesis, Lund University , P.O. Box 124, 22100 Lund, Sweden
| | - Fei Wang
- Centre for Analysis and Synthesis, Lund University , P.O. Box 124, 22100 Lund, Sweden
| | - Sven Lidin
- Centre for Analysis and Synthesis, Lund University , P.O. Box 124, 22100 Lund, Sweden
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Zurek E, Yao Y. Theoretical Predictions of Novel Superconducting Phases of BaGe3 Stable at Atmospheric and High Pressures. Inorg Chem 2015; 54:2875-84. [DOI: 10.1021/ic5030235] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Eva Zurek
- Department
of Chemistry, State University of New York at Buffalo, Buffalo, New York 14260-3000, United States
| | - Yansun Yao
- Department
of Physics and Engineering Physics, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, Saskatchewan S7N 5E2, Canada
- Canadian Light Source, Saskatoon, Saskatchewan S7N 0X4, Canada
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Solokha P, De Negri S, Proserpio DM, Blatov VA, Saccone A. Vacancy Ordering as a Driving Factor for Structural Changes in Ternary Germanides: The New R2Zn1–xGe6 Series of Polar Intermetallics (R = Rare-Earth Metal). Inorg Chem 2015; 54:2411-24. [DOI: 10.1021/ic5030313] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Pavlo Solokha
- Dipartimento
di Chimica e Chimica Industriale, Università di Genova, Via Dodecaneso
31, 16146 Genova, Italy
| | - Serena De Negri
- Dipartimento
di Chimica e Chimica Industriale, Università di Genova, Via Dodecaneso
31, 16146 Genova, Italy
| | - Davide M. Proserpio
- Dipartimento
di Chimica, Università degli Studi di Milano, Via Golgi
19, 20133 Milano, Italy
- Samara
Center for Theoretical Materials Science (SCTMS), Samara State University, Ac. Pavlov Street 1 Samara 443011, Russia
| | - Vladislav A. Blatov
- Samara
Center for Theoretical Materials Science (SCTMS), Samara State University, Ac. Pavlov Street 1 Samara 443011, Russia
| | - Adriana Saccone
- Dipartimento
di Chimica e Chimica Industriale, Università di Genova, Via Dodecaneso
31, 16146 Genova, Italy
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Ponou S, Lidin S, Zhang Y, Miller GJ. Valence State Driven Site Preference in the Quaternary Compound Ca5MgAgGe5: An Electron-Deficient Phase with Optimized Bonding. Inorg Chem 2014; 53:4724-32. [DOI: 10.1021/ic500449d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Siméon Ponou
- Centre for Analysis
and Synthesis, Chemistry Department, Lund University, Getingevägen
60, Box 124, SE-22100 Lund, Sweden
| | - Sven Lidin
- Centre for Analysis
and Synthesis, Chemistry Department, Lund University, Getingevägen
60, Box 124, SE-22100 Lund, Sweden
| | - Yuemei Zhang
- Department of Chemistry
and Ames Laboratory, Iowa State University, 1605 Gilman Hall, Ames, Iowa 50011, United States
| | - Gordon J. Miller
- Department of Chemistry
and Ames Laboratory, Iowa State University, 1605 Gilman Hall, Ames, Iowa 50011, United States
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13
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Oliynyk AO, Stoyko SS, Mar A. Quaternary Germanides RE4Mn2InGe4 (RE = La–Nd, Sm, Gd–Tm, Lu). Inorg Chem 2013; 52:8264-71. [DOI: 10.1021/ic401171v] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Anton O. Oliynyk
- Department of Chemistry, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada T6G
2G2
| | - Stanislav S. Stoyko
- Department of Chemistry, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada T6G
2G2
| | - Arthur Mar
- Department of Chemistry, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada T6G
2G2
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Suen NT, Hooper J, Zurek E, Bobev S. On the Nature of Ge–Pb Bonding in the Solid State. Synthesis, Structural Characterization, and Electronic Structures of Two Unprecedented Germanide-Plumbides. J Am Chem Soc 2012; 134:12708-16. [DOI: 10.1021/ja3042838] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Nian-Tzu Suen
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Delaware, Newark, Delaware 19716, United States
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