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Baloochi M, Shekhawat D, Riegler SS, Matthes S, Glaser M, Schaaf P, Bergmann JP, Gallino I, Pezoldt J. Influence of Initial Temperature and Convective Heat Loss on the Self-Propagating Reaction in Al/Ni Multilayer Foils. MATERIALS 2021; 14:ma14247815. [PMID: 34947408 PMCID: PMC8706088 DOI: 10.3390/ma14247815] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/19/2021] [Revised: 12/12/2021] [Accepted: 12/14/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
A two-dimensional numerical model for self-propagating reactions in Al/Ni multilayer foils was developed. It was used to study thermal properties, convective heat loss, and the effect of initial temperature on the self-propagating reaction in Al/Ni multilayer foils. For model adjustments by experimental results, these Al/Ni multilayer foils were fabricated by the magnetron sputtering technique with a 1:1 atomic ratio. Heat of reaction of the fabricated foils was determined employing Differential Scanning Calorimetry (DSC). Self-propagating reaction was initiated by an electrical spark on the surface of the foils. The movement of the reaction front was recorded with a high-speed camera. Activation energy is fitted with these velocity data from the high-speed camera to adjust the numerical model. Calculated reaction front temperature of the self-propagating reaction was compared with the temperature obtained by time-resolved pyrometer measurements. X-ray diffraction results confirmed that all reactants reacted and formed a B2 NiAl phase. Finally, it is predicted that (1) increasing thermal conductivity of the final product increases the reaction front velocity; (2) effect of heat convection losses on reaction characteristics is insignificant, e.g., the foils can maintain their characteristics in water; and (3) with increasing initial temperature of the foils, the reaction front velocity and the reaction temperature increased.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mostafa Baloochi
- FG Nanotechnologie, Institut für Mikro-und Nanoelektronik, Institut für Mikro- und Nanotechnologien MacroNano®, Institut für Werkstofftechnik, TU Ilmenau, Postfach 100565, 98684 Ilmenau, Germany;
- Correspondence: (M.B.); (J.P.)
| | - Deepshikha Shekhawat
- FG Nanotechnologie, Institut für Mikro-und Nanoelektronik, Institut für Mikro- und Nanotechnologien MacroNano®, Institut für Werkstofftechnik, TU Ilmenau, Postfach 100565, 98684 Ilmenau, Germany;
| | - Sascha Sebastian Riegler
- Lehrstuhl für Metallische Werkstoffe, Universität des Saarlandes, Campus C6.3, 66123 Saarbrücken, Germany; (S.S.R.); (I.G.)
| | - Sebastian Matthes
- FG Werkstoffe der Elektrotechnik, Institut für Werkstofftechnik, Institut für Mikro- und Nanotechnologien MacroNano®, TU Ilmenau, Gustav-Kirchhoff-Strasse 5, 98693 Ilmenau, Germany; (S.M.); (P.S.)
| | - Marcus Glaser
- FG Fertigungstechnik, Institut für Mikro- und Nanotechnologien MacroNano®, TU Ilmenau, Postfach 100565, 98684 Ilmenau, Germany; (M.G.); (J.P.B.)
| | - Peter Schaaf
- FG Werkstoffe der Elektrotechnik, Institut für Werkstofftechnik, Institut für Mikro- und Nanotechnologien MacroNano®, TU Ilmenau, Gustav-Kirchhoff-Strasse 5, 98693 Ilmenau, Germany; (S.M.); (P.S.)
| | - Jean Pierre Bergmann
- FG Fertigungstechnik, Institut für Mikro- und Nanotechnologien MacroNano®, TU Ilmenau, Postfach 100565, 98684 Ilmenau, Germany; (M.G.); (J.P.B.)
| | - Isabella Gallino
- Lehrstuhl für Metallische Werkstoffe, Universität des Saarlandes, Campus C6.3, 66123 Saarbrücken, Germany; (S.S.R.); (I.G.)
| | - Jörg Pezoldt
- FG Nanotechnologie, Institut für Mikro-und Nanoelektronik, Institut für Mikro- und Nanotechnologien MacroNano®, Institut für Werkstofftechnik, TU Ilmenau, Postfach 100565, 98684 Ilmenau, Germany;
- Correspondence: (M.B.); (J.P.)
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