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Fan X, Liu S, Jia Z, Koh JJ, Yeo JCC, Wang CG, Surat'man NE, Loh XJ, Le Bideau J, He C, Li Z, Loh TP. Ionogels: recent advances in design, material properties and emerging biomedical applications. Chem Soc Rev 2023; 52:2497-2527. [PMID: 36928878 DOI: 10.1039/d2cs00652a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 27.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/18/2023]
Abstract
Ionic liquid (IL)-based gels (ionogels) have received considerable attention due to their unique advantages in ionic conductivity and their biphasic liquid-solid phase property. In ionogels, the negligibly volatile ionic liquid is retained in the interconnected 3D pore structure. On the basis of these physical features as well as the chemical properties of well-chosen ILs, there is emerging interest in the anti-bacterial and biocompatibility aspects. In this review, the recent achievements of ionogels for biomedical applications are summarized and discussed. Following a brief introduction of the various types of ILs and their key physicochemical and biological properties, the design strategies and fabrication methods of ionogels are presented by means of different confining networks. These sophisticated ionogels with diverse functions, aimed at biomedical applications, are further classified into several active domains, including wearable strain sensors, therapeutic delivery systems, wound healing and biochemical detections. Finally, the challenges and possible strategies for the design of future ionogels by integrating materials science with a biological interface are proposed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaotong Fan
- Institute of Sustainability for Chemicals, Energy and Environment (ISCE2), Agency for Science, Technology and Research (A*STAR), 1 Pesek Road, Jurong Island, Singapore 627833, Singapore.
| | - Siqi Liu
- Department of Materials Science & Engineering, National University of Singapore, 9 Engineering Drive 1, Singapore 117575, Singapore.
| | - Zhenhua Jia
- College of Advanced Interdisciplinary Science and Technology, Henan University of Technology, Zhengzhou, 450001, P. R. China. .,Division of Chemistry and Biological Chemistry, School of Physical and Mathematical Sciences, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore, 637371, Singapore
| | - J Justin Koh
- Institute of Materials Research and Engineering, Agency for Science, Technology and Research (A*STAR), 2 Fusionopolis Way, Singapore 138634, Singapore
| | - Jayven Chee Chuan Yeo
- Institute of Materials Research and Engineering, Agency for Science, Technology and Research (A*STAR), 2 Fusionopolis Way, Singapore 138634, Singapore
| | - Chen-Gang Wang
- Institute of Sustainability for Chemicals, Energy and Environment (ISCE2), Agency for Science, Technology and Research (A*STAR), 1 Pesek Road, Jurong Island, Singapore 627833, Singapore.
| | - Nayli Erdeanna Surat'man
- Institute of Sustainability for Chemicals, Energy and Environment (ISCE2), Agency for Science, Technology and Research (A*STAR), 1 Pesek Road, Jurong Island, Singapore 627833, Singapore.
| | - Xian Jun Loh
- Institute of Sustainability for Chemicals, Energy and Environment (ISCE2), Agency for Science, Technology and Research (A*STAR), 1 Pesek Road, Jurong Island, Singapore 627833, Singapore. .,Institute of Materials Research and Engineering, Agency for Science, Technology and Research (A*STAR), 2 Fusionopolis Way, Singapore 138634, Singapore
| | - Jean Le Bideau
- Nantes Université, CNRS, Institut des Matériaux de Nantes Jean Rouxel, IMN, F-44000 Nantes, France.
| | - Chaobin He
- Department of Materials Science & Engineering, National University of Singapore, 9 Engineering Drive 1, Singapore 117575, Singapore. .,Institute of Materials Research and Engineering, Agency for Science, Technology and Research (A*STAR), 2 Fusionopolis Way, Singapore 138634, Singapore
| | - Zibiao Li
- Institute of Sustainability for Chemicals, Energy and Environment (ISCE2), Agency for Science, Technology and Research (A*STAR), 1 Pesek Road, Jurong Island, Singapore 627833, Singapore. .,Department of Materials Science & Engineering, National University of Singapore, 9 Engineering Drive 1, Singapore 117575, Singapore. .,Institute of Materials Research and Engineering, Agency for Science, Technology and Research (A*STAR), 2 Fusionopolis Way, Singapore 138634, Singapore
| | - Teck-Peng Loh
- College of Advanced Interdisciplinary Science and Technology, Henan University of Technology, Zhengzhou, 450001, P. R. China. .,Division of Chemistry and Biological Chemistry, School of Physical and Mathematical Sciences, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore, 637371, Singapore
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Skelton R, Jones RE. Computational Study of the Structure and Transport in Pyrrolidinium-Li-TFSI-Silica Ionogels. J Phys Chem B 2021; 125:13003-13014. [PMID: 34787426 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpcb.1c07439] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Ionogels (IGs) are a unique class of composite materials with attributes that make them promising materials for applications in electrochemical energy storage. Due to the solid porous matrix that confines the ionic liquid (IL) in the IG, they can be used as self-supporting electrolytes. Furthermore, interactions of the IL with the porous matrix can have beneficial effects on transport, such as lowering the freezing/glass transition temperature of the conducting IL. In this work, we employ molecular dynamics simulations to investigate the influence of the porous morphology and solid volume fraction on ionic conductivity and Li+ diffusivity using a representative 0.5 M Li-bis(trifluoromethane)sulfonimide (TFSI)-pyrrolidinium (Pyr1.3) IL confined in a nanoporous silica matrix. The effect of the morphology of the confining matrix is compared using the pure IL as a baseline. We find that the tracer and collective Li+ diffusion and ionic conductivity of all the model IGs have significantly lower temperature dependence than the corresponding pure IL. In general, low-silica IGs with wide pores displayed the best transport properties at high temperatures, but the trends with the morphology for the nested set of transport coefficients we examined changed as the collective behavior of the Li+ ions and the molecular IL components were considered. Remarkably, some of the model IGs displayed better transport properties on a volume of fluid basis at low temperatures than the constituent IL. These trends were tied to structural changes revealed by the radial distribution functions of the IL components and the silica surface, including a decreasing Li+ adsorption peak of the surface silica indicating a change in the relative contributions of bulk-like and surface-like transport in the confined IL.
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Affiliation(s)
- R Skelton
- Sandia National Laboratories, P.O. Box 969, Livermore, California 94551, United States
| | - R E Jones
- Sandia National Laboratories, P.O. Box 969, Livermore, California 94551, United States
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Mat Rozi N, Hamid HA, Hossain MS, Khalil NA, Ahmad Yahaya AN, Syimir Fizal AN, Haris MY, Ahmad N, Zulkifli M. Enhanced Mechanical and Thermal Properties of Modified Oil Palm Fiber-Reinforced Polypropylene Composite via Multi-Objective Optimization of In Situ Silica Sol-Gel Synthesis. Polymers (Basel) 2021; 13:polym13193338. [PMID: 34641152 PMCID: PMC8512579 DOI: 10.3390/polym13193338] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/19/2021] [Revised: 09/15/2021] [Accepted: 09/15/2021] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
A multi-objective optimization of in situ sol-gel process was conducted in preparing oil palm fiber-reinforced polypropylene (OPF-PP) composite for an enhancement of mechanical and thermal properties. Tetraethyl orthosilicate (TEOS) and butylamine were used as precursors and catalysts for the sol-gel process. The face-centered central composite design (FCCD) experiments coupled with response surface methodology (RSM) has been utilized to optimize in situ silica sol-gel process. The optimization process showed that the drying time after the in-situ silica sol-gel process was the most influential factor on silica content, while the molar ratio of TEOS to water gave the most significant effect on silica residue. The maximum silica content of 34.1% and the silica residue of 35.9% were achieved under optimum conditions of 21.3 h soaking time, 50 min drying time, pH value of 9.26, and 1:4 molar ratio of TEOS to water. The untreated oil palm fiber (OPF) and silica sol-gel modified OPF (SiO2-OPF) were used as the reinforcing fibers, with PP as a matrix and maleic anhydride grafted polypropylene (MAgPP) as a compatibilizer for the fiber-reinforced PP matrix (SiO2-OPF-PP-MAgPP) composites preparation. The mechanical and thermal properties of OPF-PP, SiO2-OPF-PP, SiO2-OPF-PP-MAgPP composites, and pure PP were determined. It was found that the OPF-S-PP-MAgPP composite had the highest toughness and stiffness with values of tensile strength, Young’s modulus, and elongation at break of 30.9 MPa, 881.8 MPa, and 15.1%, respectively. The thermal properties analyses revealed that the OPF-S-PP-MAgPP exhibited the highest thermally stable inflection point at 477 °C as compared to pure PP and other composites formulations. The finding of the present study showed that the SiO2-OPF had the potential to use as a reinforcing agent to enhance the thermal-mechanical properties of the composites.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nasrullah Mat Rozi
- Green Chemistry and Sustainability Cluster, Branch Campus Malaysian Institute of Chemical and Bioengineering Technology, University Kuala Lumpur, Taboh Naning, 78000 Alor Gajah, Melaka, Malaysia; (N.M.R.); (H.A.H.); (N.A.K.); (A.N.A.Y.); (A.N.S.F.)
| | - Hamidah Abdul Hamid
- Green Chemistry and Sustainability Cluster, Branch Campus Malaysian Institute of Chemical and Bioengineering Technology, University Kuala Lumpur, Taboh Naning, 78000 Alor Gajah, Melaka, Malaysia; (N.M.R.); (H.A.H.); (N.A.K.); (A.N.A.Y.); (A.N.S.F.)
| | - Md. Sohrab Hossain
- School of Industrial Technology, Universiti Sains Malaysia, 11800 USM, Penang, Malaysia
- Correspondence: (M.S.H.); (M.Z.); Tel.: +60-46535206 (M.S.H.); +60-65512085 (M.Z.); Fax: +60-46533678 (M.S.H.); +60-65512001 (M.Z.)
| | - Nor Afifah Khalil
- Green Chemistry and Sustainability Cluster, Branch Campus Malaysian Institute of Chemical and Bioengineering Technology, University Kuala Lumpur, Taboh Naning, 78000 Alor Gajah, Melaka, Malaysia; (N.M.R.); (H.A.H.); (N.A.K.); (A.N.A.Y.); (A.N.S.F.)
| | - Ahmad Naim Ahmad Yahaya
- Green Chemistry and Sustainability Cluster, Branch Campus Malaysian Institute of Chemical and Bioengineering Technology, University Kuala Lumpur, Taboh Naning, 78000 Alor Gajah, Melaka, Malaysia; (N.M.R.); (H.A.H.); (N.A.K.); (A.N.A.Y.); (A.N.S.F.)
| | - Ahmad Noor Syimir Fizal
- Green Chemistry and Sustainability Cluster, Branch Campus Malaysian Institute of Chemical and Bioengineering Technology, University Kuala Lumpur, Taboh Naning, 78000 Alor Gajah, Melaka, Malaysia; (N.M.R.); (H.A.H.); (N.A.K.); (A.N.A.Y.); (A.N.S.F.)
| | - Mohd Yusoff Haris
- Aerocomposite Cluster, Branch Campus Malaysian Institute of Aviation Technology, University Kuala Lumpur, 43900 Sepang, Selangor, Malaysia;
| | - Norkhairi Ahmad
- Industrial Linkages Section, Branch Campus Malaysian France Institute, Universiti Kuala Lumpur, 43650 Bandar Baru Bangi, Selangor, Malaysia;
| | - Muzafar Zulkifli
- Green Chemistry and Sustainability Cluster, Branch Campus Malaysian Institute of Chemical and Bioengineering Technology, University Kuala Lumpur, Taboh Naning, 78000 Alor Gajah, Melaka, Malaysia; (N.M.R.); (H.A.H.); (N.A.K.); (A.N.A.Y.); (A.N.S.F.)
- Aerocomposite Cluster, Branch Campus Malaysian Institute of Aviation Technology, University Kuala Lumpur, 43900 Sepang, Selangor, Malaysia;
- Correspondence: (M.S.H.); (M.Z.); Tel.: +60-46535206 (M.S.H.); +60-65512085 (M.Z.); Fax: +60-46533678 (M.S.H.); +60-65512001 (M.Z.)
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