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Jensen DE, Ebmeier KP, Akbaraly T, Jansen MG, Singh-Manoux A, Kivimäki M, Zsoldos E, Klein-Flügge MC, Suri S. The association of longitudinal diet and waist-to-hip ratio from midlife to old age with hippocampus connectivity and memory in old age: a cohort study. BIORXIV : THE PREPRINT SERVER FOR BIOLOGY 2023:2023.12.12.570778. [PMID: 38168259 PMCID: PMC10760001 DOI: 10.1101/2023.12.12.570778] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/05/2024]
Abstract
Epidemiological studies suggest lifestyle factors may reduce the risk of dementia. However, few studies have examined the association of diet and waist-to-hip ratio with hippocampus connectivity. In the Whitehall II Imaging Sub-study, we examined longitudinal changes in diet quality in 512 participants and waist-to-hip ratio in 665 participants. Diet quality was measured using the Alternative Health Eating Index-2010 assessed three times across 11 years between ages 48 and 60 years, and waist-to-hip ratio five times over 21 years between ages 48 and 68 years. Brain imaging and cognitive tests were performed at age 70±5 years. We measured white matter using diffusion tensor imaging and hippocampal functional connectivity using resting-state functional magnetic resonance imaging. In addition to associations of diet and waist-to-hip ratio with brain imaging measures, we tested whether associations between diet, waist-to-hip ratio and cognitive performance were mediated by brain connectivity. We found better diet quality in midlife and improvements in diet over mid-to-late life were associated with higher hippocampal functional connectivity to the occipital lobe and cerebellum, and better white matter integrity as measured by higher fractional anisotropy and lower diffusivity. Higher waist-to-hip ratio in midlife was associated with higher mean and radial diffusivity and lower fractional anisotropy in several tracts including the inferior longitudinal fasciculus and cingulum. Associations between midlife waist-to-hip ratio, working memory and executive function were partially mediated by radial diffusivity. All associations were independent of age, sex, education, and physical activity. Our findings highlight the importance of maintaining a good diet and a healthy waist-to-hip ratio in midlife to maintain brain health in later life. Future interventional studies for the improvement of dietary and metabolic health should target midlife for the prevention of cognitive decline in old age.
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Abstract
BACKGROUND While obesity is linked with brain atrophy and dementia incidence, associations with regional adiposity are uncertain. Our goal was to determine whether cerebral gray matter volume is related to neck circumference (NC), a measure of regional adiposity having unique relationships with metabolic disorders and cardiovascular disease. METHODS Magnetic resonance imaging and NC were cross-sectionally assessed from 2011 to 2014 in a population-based sample of 2916 men and women in the Korean Genome and Epidemiology Study. RESULTS For men, NC was inversely associated with total and regional gray matter in the frontal, temporal, and occipital lobes after adjusting for age and intracranial brain volume. Associations were especially strong in the presence of diabetes. With further adjustment for indices of body composition and other characteristics, total and frontal gray matter in diabetic men were lowered by 6.1 mL (95% confidence interval: 2.5-9.7, P=0.004) and 2.9 mL (95% confidence interval: 1.0-4.9, P=0.017), respectively, per SD increase in NC (2.3 cm). For men without diabetes, and in all women, associations were less apparent. CONCLUSIONS In men with diabetes, NC was inversely associated with cerebral gray matter volume. The link between neck anthropometry and brain aging in diabetic men warrants further consideration.
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Lin H, Satizabal C, Xie Z, Yang Q, Huan T, Joehanes R, Wen C, Munson PJ, Beiser A, Levy D, Seshadri S. Whole blood gene expression and white matter Hyperintensities. Mol Neurodegener 2017; 12:67. [PMID: 28923099 PMCID: PMC5604498 DOI: 10.1186/s13024-017-0209-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/30/2017] [Accepted: 09/12/2017] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
Background White matter hyperintensities (WMH) are an important biomarker of cumulative vascular brain injury and have been associated with cognitive decline and an increased risk of dementia, stroke, depression, and gait impairments. The pathogenesis of white matter lesions however, remains uncertain. The characterization of gene expression profiles associated with WMH might help uncover molecular mechanisms underlying WMH. Methods We performed a transcriptome-wide association study of gene expression profiles with WMH in 3248 participants from the Framingham Heart Study using the Affymetrix Human Exon 1.0 ST Array. Results We identified 13 genes that were significantly associated with WMH (FDR < 0.05) after adjusting for age, sex and blood cell components. Many of these genes are involved in inflammation-related pathways. Conclusion Thirteen genes were significantly associated with WMH. Our study confirms the hypothesis that inflammation might be an important factor contributing to white matter lesions. Future work is needed to explore if these gene products might serve as potential therapeutic targets. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (10.1186/s13024-017-0209-5) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
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Affiliation(s)
- Honghuang Lin
- National Heart Lung and Blood Institute's and Boston University's Framingham Heart Study, Framingham, MA, USA. .,Section of Computational Biomedicine, Department of Medicine, Boston University School of Medicine, 72 East Concord Street, B-616, Boston, MA, 02118, USA.
| | - Claudia Satizabal
- National Heart Lung and Blood Institute's and Boston University's Framingham Heart Study, Framingham, MA, USA.,Department of Neurology, Boston University School of Medicine, 72 East Concord Street, B-602, Boston, MA, 02118, USA
| | - Zhijun Xie
- College of Basic Medical Science, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang Province, China
| | - Qiong Yang
- Department of Biostatistics, Boston University School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Tianxiao Huan
- National Heart Lung and Blood Institute's and Boston University's Framingham Heart Study, Framingham, MA, USA.,Population Sciences Branch, Division of Intramural Research, National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Roby Joehanes
- Mathematical and Statistical Computing Laboratory, Center for Information Technology, National Institute of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA.,Hebrew Senior Life, 1200 Centre Street Room #609, Boston, MA, 02131, USA
| | - Chengping Wen
- College of Basic Medical Science, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang Province, China
| | - Peter J Munson
- Mathematical and Statistical Computing Laboratory, Center for Information Technology, National Institute of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Alexa Beiser
- National Heart Lung and Blood Institute's and Boston University's Framingham Heart Study, Framingham, MA, USA.,Department of Neurology, Boston University School of Medicine, 72 East Concord Street, B-602, Boston, MA, 02118, USA.,Department of Biostatistics, Boston University School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Daniel Levy
- National Heart Lung and Blood Institute's and Boston University's Framingham Heart Study, Framingham, MA, USA.,Population Sciences Branch, Division of Intramural Research, National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Sudha Seshadri
- National Heart Lung and Blood Institute's and Boston University's Framingham Heart Study, Framingham, MA, USA. .,Department of Neurology, Boston University School of Medicine, 72 East Concord Street, B-602, Boston, MA, 02118, USA.
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