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Martínez-Galiano JM, Peinado-Molina RA, Martínez-Vazquez S, Hita-Contreras F, Delgado-Rodríguez M, Hernández-Martínez A. Influence of pelvic floor disorders on sexuality in women. Int J Gynaecol Obstet 2024; 164:1141-1150. [PMID: 37830235 DOI: 10.1002/ijgo.15189] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/15/2023] [Revised: 09/22/2023] [Accepted: 09/25/2023] [Indexed: 10/14/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To determine the association between different pelvic floor disorders and the presence of sexual dysfunction in women. METHOD An observational study of non-pregnant women was carried out in Spain in 2021 and 2022. To assess the presence of pelvic floor problems, the Pelvic Floor Distress Inventory (PFDI-20) was used, consisting of the subscales Pelvic Organ Prolapse Distress Inventory-6 (POPDI-6; prolapse symptoms), Colorectal-Anal Distress Inventory (CRADI-8; colorectal symptoms), and Urinary Distress Inventory-6 (UDI-6; urinary symptoms). The validated tool, Female Sexual Function (FSF), was used to evaluate female sexual function. RESULTS In total, 1008 women participated. Of these, 288 (28.6%) had some type of sexual dysfunction. Regarding symptoms, 52 (5.2%) stated that they do not reach orgasm and 172 (17.1%) said they had never or occasionally felt sexual desire in the last month. Women with sexual dysfunctions had higher mean scores on the POPDI-6, CRADI-8, and UDI-6 subscales than those who did not have sexual dysfunction (P ≤ 0.005). Risk factors identified included being postmenopausal, with an adjusted odds ratio (aOR) of 2.98 (95% confidence interval [CI] 2.12-4.18), and a greater impact of the symptoms of pelvic floor problems as assessed by the PFDI-20 scale, in such a way that for each point increase the probability of sexual dysfunction increases with an aOR of 1.008 (95% CI 1.005-1.011). CONCLUSION Women with pelvic floor disorders and postmenopausal women present sexual dysfunction more frequently.
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Affiliation(s)
- Juan Miguel Martínez-Galiano
- Department of Nursing, University of Jaen, Jaen, Spain
- Consortium for Biomedical Research in the Epidemiology and Public Health Network (CIBERESP), Madrid, Spain
| | | | | | | | - Miguel Delgado-Rodríguez
- Consortium for Biomedical Research in the Epidemiology and Public Health Network (CIBERESP), Madrid, Spain
- Department of Health Sciences, University of Jaen, Jaen, Spain
| | - Antonio Hernández-Martínez
- Department of Nursing, Physiotherapy and Occupational Therapy, Ciudad Real Faculty of Nursing, University of Castilla-La Mancha, Ciudad Real, Spain
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Ferrández Infante A, Novella Arribas B, Khan KS, Zamora J, Jurado López AR, Fragoso Pasero M, Suárez Fernández C. Obesity and female sexual dysfunctions: A systematic review of prevalence with meta-analysis. Semergen 2023; 49:102022. [PMID: 37331210 DOI: 10.1016/j.semerg.2023.102022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/05/2023] [Revised: 05/22/2023] [Accepted: 05/24/2023] [Indexed: 06/20/2023]
Abstract
Obesity represents a major global health challenge. Female sexual dysfunctions have a negative impact on quality of life and overall health balance. A higher rate of female sexual dysfunctions in obese women has been suggested. This systematic review summarized the literature on female sexual dysfunction prevalence in obese women. The review was registered (Open Science Framework OSF.IO/7CG95) and a literature search without language restrictions was conducted in PubMed, Embase and Web of Science, from January 1990 to December 2021. Cross-sectional and intervention studies were included, the latter if they provided female sexual dysfunction rate data in obese women prior to the intervention. For inclusion, studies should have used the female sexual function index or its simplified version. Study quality was assessed to evaluate if female sexual function index was properly applied using six items. Rates of female sexual dysfunctions examining for differences between obese vs class III obese and high vs low quality subgroups were summarized. Random effects meta-analysis was performed, calculating 95% confidence intervals (CI) and examining heterogeneity with I2 statistic. Publication bias was evaluated with funnel plot. There were 15 relevant studies (1720 women participants in total with 153 obese and 1567 class III obese women). Of these, 8 (53.3%) studies complied with >4 quality items. Overall prevalence of female sexual dysfunctions was 62% (95% CI 55-68%; I2 85.5%). Among obese women the prevalence was 69% (95% CI 55-80%; I2 73.8%) vs 59% (95% CI 52-66%; I2 87.5%) among those class III obese (subgroup difference p=0.15). Among high quality studies the prevalence was 54% (95% CI 50-60%; I2 46.8%) vs 72% (95% CI 61-81%; I2 88.0%) among low quality studies (subgroup difference p=0.002). There was no funnel asymmetry. We interpreted that the rate of sexual dysfunctions is high in obese and class III obese women. Obesity should be regarded as a risk factor for female sexual dysfunctions.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Ferrández Infante
- Coordinator of the Primary Care Physicians Spanish Society (SEMERGEN) Sexology Working Group, Guadarrama Continuity Care Center, 28440 Madrid, Spain.
| | - B Novella Arribas
- Grupo de Investigación 49, Instituto de Investigación del Hospital Universitario de La Princesa, Foundation for Biomedical Research and Innovation in Primary Care of the Community of Madrid (FIIBAP), 28006 Madrid, Spain
| | - K S Khan
- Consortium for Biomedical Research in Epidemiology and Public Health (CIBERESP), 28029 Madrid, Spain; Department of Preventive Medicine and Public Health, University of Granada, 18016 Granada, Spain
| | - J Zamora
- Head of the Clinical Biostatistics Unit, Hospital Ramón y Cajal, IRYCIS, 28034 Madrid, Spain; Consortium for Biomedical Research in Epidemiology and Public Health (CIBERESP), 28029 Madrid, Spain
| | - A R Jurado López
- Member of the Primary Care Physicians Spanish Society (SEMERGEN) Sexology Working Group, President of the European Institute of Sexology, 29602 Marbella, Spain
| | - M Fragoso Pasero
- Biostatistician, Grupo de Investigación 49, Instituto de Investigación del Hospital Universitario de La Princesa, Foundation for Biomedical Research and Innovation in Primary Care of the Community of Madrid (FIIBAP), 28006 Madrid, Spain
| | - C Suárez Fernández
- Head of the Internal Medicine Service of the Hospital Universitario de La Princesa, 28006 Madrid, Spain
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Koops TU, Klein V, Bei der Kellen R, Hoyer J, Löwe B, Briken P. Association of sexual dysfunction according to DSM-5 diagnostic criteria with avoidance of and discomfort during sex in a population-based sample. Sex Med 2023; 11:qfad037. [PMID: 37465531 PMCID: PMC10350482 DOI: 10.1093/sexmed/qfad037] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2023] [Revised: 05/30/2023] [Accepted: 06/07/2023] [Indexed: 07/20/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Sexual dysfunction frequencies and diagnostic indicators among older populations are relevant for public health measures, but evidence from large population-based studies is still scarce. Aim To determine sexual dysfunction frequencies for women and men according to the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (fifth edition; DSM-5) among 45- to 74-year-old participants of the population-based Hamburg City Health Study and the factors associated with sexual dysfunction diagnoses. Methods We determined sexual dysfunction frequencies according to the DSM-5 and the factors associated with sexual dysfunction diagnoses (quality/avoidance of and discomfort during sex) among 45- to 74-year-olds from 7786 participants of the population-based Hamburg City Health Study. We analyzed cross-sectional self-report questionnaire data collected between 2016 and 2019 using descriptive statistics, comparative tests (Fisher test, Mann-Whitney U test), and logistic regression. Outcomes Outcomes included sexual dysfunction frequencies - specifically, sexual difficulties experienced frequently or more often, over at least six months in the last year, causing severe or very severe distress, and not associated with physical health or relationship problems - and items on quality/avoidance of and discomfort during sex. Results Participants' median age was 62.0 years (IQR, 14) and 51.1% were women. The frequency of sexual dysfunction according to the DSM-5 was 9.3% (95% CI, 8.3%-10.4%) in women and 6.2% (95% CI, 5.4%-7.1%) in men, with women's sexual interest/arousal and men's erectile disorder being most common. Sexual dysfunction rates increased with age: whereas complaints were more frequent among women than men in the younger groups, participants aged ≥65 years with a sexual dysfunction were more often men. Quality/avoidance of and discomfort during sex were significantly associated with a diagnosis of sexual dysfunction. Clinical Implications Results suggest that sexual dysfunction caused by other than physical health or relationship factors is important to consider in this population. In addition, the avoidance of, perceived quality of, and discomfort during sex serve as valuable diagnostic indicators for the presence of sexual dysfunction. Strengths and Limitations This study draws on robust data from a large sample to give valuable insight on the frequency of sexual difficulties and dysfunctions as defined by DSM-5 criteria. Limitations represent the restriction to self-report questionnaire data, the focus on participants living in a metropolitan area, and the lack of experience of sexual difficulties due to a lack of sexual activity not being taken into account. Conclusion The study provides estimates for DSM-5 sexual dysfunction frequencies among Germans from a metropolitan area and points to the diagnostic value of age-related changes as well as the quality/avoidance of and discomfort during sex.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thula U Koops
- Corresponding author: Institute for Sex Research, Sexual Medicine, and Forensic Psychiatry, University Medical Centre Hamburg-Eppendorf, Martinistraße 52, D-20246 Hamburg, Germany.
| | - Verena Klein
- Institute for Sex Research, Sexual Medicine, and Forensic Psychiatry, University Medical Centre Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg 20246, Germany
- Department of Psychology, University of Southampton, Southampton, United Kingdom
| | - Ramona Bei der Kellen
- Epidemiological Study Center, University Medical Centre Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg 20246, Germany
| | - Jürgen Hoyer
- Institute for Clinical Psychology and Psychotherapy, Dresden University of Technology, Dresden 01062, Germany
| | - Bernd Löwe
- Department of Psychosomatic Medicine and Psychotherapy, University Medical Centre Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg 20246, Germany
| | - Peer Briken
- Institute for Sex Research, Sexual Medicine, and Forensic Psychiatry, University Medical Centre Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg 20246, Germany
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Lamba A, Mohajir N, Rahman S. A review of the psychosocial factors that contribute to sexuality, female sexual dysfunction, and sexual pain among Muslim women. Sex Med Rev 2023:7160016. [PMID: 37169514 DOI: 10.1093/sxmrev/qead019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/15/2022] [Revised: 04/03/2023] [Accepted: 04/07/2023] [Indexed: 05/13/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Sexual pain disorders are complex conditions experienced by women around the world. Muslim women experience sexuality and sexual dysfunction in a distinct manner that is influenced by religious and cultural standards. Muslim women experiencing sexual pain are a unique patient population whose cultural background should be understood by health care professionals to provide culturally competent care. OBJECTIVES To identify the psychosocial factors that influence Muslim women's experience of sexual pain. METHODS A comprehensive review of the literature through PubMed and Google Scholar was conducted to compile information related to sexual dysfunction, sexual pain, and treatment options in the Muslim women population in the United States and internationally. RESULTS Painful sex among Muslim women has been associated with female genital cutting, cultural taboos, lack of sex education, absence of language to discuss sex, negative cognitions about sex, expectations to bear the male partner's inconsiderate sexual performance, and familial interference. Typical treatments for sexual pain in Islamic countries were explored, with new treatments that have recently been tested. CONCLUSION Understanding sexual pain among Muslim women, including the religious and cultural factors that are potentially associated with this pain, is important for health care professionals to care for their Muslim patients in a culturally competent manner and reduce the implicit bias that may affect quality of care. It appears that providing sexual education, with treatment modalities such as psychotherapy and physical therapy, is useful in treating female sexual pain. We suggest that sexual education, as well as a cultural shift that embraces women's sexual agency, is needed to reduce and prevent sexual pain.
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Affiliation(s)
- Arleen Lamba
- Stritch School of Medicine, Loyola University Chicago, Maywood, IL 60153, United States
| | - Nadiah Mohajir
- HEART Women and Girls, HEART, Chicago, IL 60637, United States
| | - Sameena Rahman
- Obstetrics and Gynecology, Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL 60611-3008, United States
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Koops TU, Frith H. 'I don't live in my body somehow': metaphorical talk in women's accounts of vaginismus and dyspareunia. CULTURE, HEALTH & SEXUALITY 2022; 24:1650-1664. [PMID: 34720050 DOI: 10.1080/13691058.2021.1992015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/27/2021] [Accepted: 10/07/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Vaginismus and dyspareunia are common sexual difficulties; they often take a long time to be appropriately diagnosed, and their origins remain unclear. This paper examines the metaphors used by women to describe bodily experiences associated with vaginismus and dyspareunia, and highlights the contribution this form of analysis can make to the study of sexuality and sexual difficulties. A secondary analysis was conducted on primary data from biographic interviews exploring women's experiences of sexual pain and difficulties with sexual intercourse. Metaphor analysis was used to analyse a data subset of 28 interviews translated from German into English. Metaphorical concepts lying at the basis of the metaphors used were identified and grouped into three themes: characterisation of sexual difficulties; split body and 'self'; and sexual agency and objectification. Results are discussed with in the context of literature regarding the function of metaphors and the utility of metaphor analysis for research, and healthcare research and interventions more generally.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thula U Koops
- Institute for Sex Research, Sexual Medicine, and Forensic Psychiatry, University Medical Centre Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Hannah Frith
- School of Psychology, University of Surrey, Guilford, UK
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Koops TU, Wiessner C, Ehrenthal JC, Briken P. Assessing Psychodynamic Conflicts and Level of Personality Functioning in Women Diagnosed With Vaginismus and Dyspareunia. Front Psychol 2021; 12:687369. [PMID: 34248792 PMCID: PMC8264788 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyg.2021.687369] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/30/2021] [Accepted: 05/31/2021] [Indexed: 01/30/2023] Open
Abstract
Knowledge on etiological and risk factors of genito-pelvic pain/penetration disorder, formerly classified as dyspareunia and vaginismus, is limited. The Operationalized Psychodynamic Diagnosis (OPD) system offers a valuable basis for developmental considerations, and has not yet been used to research sexual pain difficulties in women. We conducted an exploratory pilot study of psychodynamic motivational conflicts and level of personality functioning as defined by the OPD system by means of an anonymous online survey among 24 women who had been diagnosed with dyspareunia or vaginismus. We matched them with 24 healthy controls and compared groups using paired-samples t-tests and Wilcoxon tests. Effect sizes were calculated using Pearson's r. Large effect sizes were found for mean or median differences of several OPD Structure Questionnaire (OPD-SQ) scales (self-reflection, p = 0.002/r = 0.59; affect differentiation, p = 0.007/r = 0.53; self-perception, p = 0.002/r = 0.58; impulse control, p = 0.007/r = 0.53; self-worth regulation, p = 0.008/r = 0.52; self-regulation, p = 0.004/r = 0.56; experiencing affect, p = 0.009/r = 0.53; bodily self, p = 0.008/r = 0.54; OPD-SQ total score, p = 0.007/r = 0.52; internal communication, p = 0.001/r = 0.63) and OPD Conflict Questionnaire (OPD-CQ) scales (guilt conflict active, p = 0.004/r = 0.60; Oedipal conflict passive, p = 0.009/r = 0.51; individuation versus dependency conflict active, p = 0.01/r = 0.52; guilt conflict passive, p < 0.001/r = 0.70; self-worth conflict passive, p = 0.001/r = 0.70; passive mode, p < 0.001/r = 0.68). The problems with personality functioning and more pronounced types of conflicts participants displayed suggest proneness for self-invalidation, internalization and restricted self-perception.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thula U Koops
- Institute for Sex Research, Sexual Medicine, and Forensic Psychiatry, University Medical Centre Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Christian Wiessner
- Institute for Sex Research, Sexual Medicine, and Forensic Psychiatry, University Medical Centre Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany.,Institute of Medical Biometry and Epidemiology, University Medical Centre Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | | | - Peer Briken
- Institute for Sex Research, Sexual Medicine, and Forensic Psychiatry, University Medical Centre Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
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Velten J, Milani S, Margraf J, Brotto LA. Visual attention and sexual arousal in women with and without sexual dysfunction. Behav Res Ther 2021; 144:103915. [PMID: 34174705 DOI: 10.1016/j.brat.2021.103915] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/08/2020] [Revised: 05/01/2021] [Accepted: 06/09/2021] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
Attention to sexual stimuli is a prerequisite to process such stimuli as sexually-meaningful and is an important means to facilitate sexual arousal. Attending to sexual cues is crucial for healthy sexual functioning. Studies suggest that sexual dysfunction is associated with less attention towards sexual stimuli. The goal of this study was to use an eye-tracking-based free-viewing paradigm to investigate whether women with sexual dysfunction visually attend to the genital area in dynamic sexual stimuli (i.e., erotic videos) differently than women with subclinical sexual function or those with typical sexual functioning. A total of 69 women (Mage = 27.77, SD = 8.00) with clinical (n = 30), subclinical (n = 23), and typical (n = 16) levels of sexual functioning watched four 1-min video clips depicting heterosexual couples engaging in vaginal intercourse or cunnilingus while the total fixation duration on the genital area as well as their subjective and genital sexual arousal were recorded. As hypothesized, the clinical group fixated on the genital area less than women with typical sexual functioning. A longer total fixation duration on the genital area was followed by increases in subjective arousal and genital arousal. The relationship between attention and arousal was not moderated by sexual functioning group. This study provides first evidence of the role of sustained visual attention for facilitating sexual arousal in women with and without sexual dysfunction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Julia Velten
- Mental Health Research and Treatment Center, Department of Clinical Psychology and Psychotherapy, Faculty of Psychology, Ruhr University Bochum, Bochum, Germany.
| | - Sonia Milani
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada.
| | - Jürgen Margraf
- Mental Health Research and Treatment Center, Department of Clinical Psychology and Psychotherapy, Faculty of Psychology, Ruhr University Bochum, Bochum, Germany.
| | - Lori A Brotto
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada.
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Pyrgidis N, Mykoniatis I, Tishukov M, Sokolakis I, Nigdelis MP, Sountoulides P, Hatzichristodoulou G, Hatzichristou D. Sexual Dysfunction in Women With End-Stage Renal Disease: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis. J Sex Med 2021; 18:936-945. [PMID: 33903042 DOI: 10.1016/j.jsxm.2021.02.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/01/2020] [Revised: 02/07/2021] [Accepted: 02/18/2021] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND In women with end-stage renal disease (ESRD), female sexual dysfunction (SD) remains underestimated. AIM To explore the prevalence, correlates, diagnostic approach and treatment modalities of sexual symptoms in females with ESRD. METHODS We performed a systematic review and meta-analysis to estimate both the prevalence of SD and the pooled Female Sexual Function Index (FSFI) scores in ESRD females. Similarly, for studies reporting the FSFI score before and after renal transplantation (RT), we estimated the effect of RT on sexual function. Further assessment of heterogeneity was conducted via subgroup and sensitivity analyses, cumulative meta-analysis and univariate meta-regression of important correlates. Records were identified through searching PubMed, Cochrane Library and Scopus databases as well as sources of grey literature until November 2020 (PROSPERO ID: CRD42020215178). OUTCOMES We included 47 studies with 61 patient group entries and 3490 ESRD female individuals (median age: 45.2 years, ΙQR: 40.4-50.6). RESULTS The SD prevalence in all females with ESRD was 74% (95%CI: 67%-80%, I2 = 92%) and the FSFI total score 16.1 points (95%CI: 14.3-17.8, I2 = 98%). The female SD prevalence was 63% (95%CI: 43%-81%, I2 = 92%) in renal transplant recipients, 80% (95%CI: 72%-87%, I2 = 91%) in hemodialysis patients and 67% (95%CI: 46%-84%, I2 = 90%) in peritoneal dialysis patients. The total FSFI score improved by 7.5 points (95%CI: 3.9-11.1, I2 = 92%) after RT. Older age and menopause were associated with higher SD prevalence. CLINICAL TRANSLATION Female SD is highly prevalent in all ESRD women, but renal transplant recipients reported improved sexual function. STRENGTHS & LIMITATIONS We provide the first study about SD in females and assessed the role of RT on sexual function. Contrary, none of the included studies evaluated the concomitant presence of distress with SD. The levels of heterogeneity were substantially high for all outcomes and we could not adjust for further correlates, which might have affected our measures. CONCLUSIONS Sexual symptoms negatively affect the quality of life and warrants appropriate clinical attention, as they are an underdetermined and undertreated clinical entity in females with ESRD. Studies on treatment modalities of female SD in patients with ESRD are mandatory, as currently no relevant studies or clinical recommendations exist. Pyrgidis N, Mykoniatis I, Tishukov M, et al. Sexual Dysfunction in Women With End-Stage Renal Disease: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis. Sex Med Rev 2021;18:936-945.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nikolaos Pyrgidis
- Urology Department, School of Medicine, Faculty of Health Sciences, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Thessaloniki, Greece; Department of Urology, 'Martha-Maria' Hospital Nuremberg, Nuremberg, Germany.
| | - Ioannis Mykoniatis
- Urology Department, School of Medicine, Faculty of Health Sciences, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Thessaloniki, Greece
| | - Maksim Tishukov
- Urology Department, School of Medicine, Faculty of Health Sciences, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Thessaloniki, Greece
| | - Ioannis Sokolakis
- Department of Urology, 'Martha-Maria' Hospital Nuremberg, Nuremberg, Germany
| | - Meletios P Nigdelis
- Unit of Reproductive Endocrinology, First Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Medical School, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Thessaloniki, Greece
| | - Petros Sountoulides
- Urology Department, School of Medicine, Faculty of Health Sciences, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Thessaloniki, Greece
| | | | - Dimitrios Hatzichristou
- Urology Department, School of Medicine, Faculty of Health Sciences, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Thessaloniki, Greece
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Mahnaz E, Nasim B, Sonia O. Effect of a structured educational package on women's sexual function during pregnancy. Int J Gynaecol Obstet 2019; 148:225-230. [PMID: 31724168 DOI: 10.1002/ijgo.13051] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/07/2019] [Revised: 09/17/2019] [Accepted: 11/12/2019] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To explore the effect of a structured educational package based on ADDIE (analysis, design, development, implementation, evaluation) to reduce sexual dysfunction during pregnancy. METHODS A randomized controlled trial study among pregnant women attending prenatal clinics in Tehran, Iran, from October 2017 to September 2018. The implementation group received the structured educational package; the control group received training on breastfeeding and normal delivery. The outcome measure was changes in total and domain scores of the Female Sexual Function Index (FSFI) questionnaire before and after the intervention; the groups were compared by repeated-measures analysis of variance (ANOVA). RESULTS Overall, 70 women completed the study: 36 in the intervention group and 34 in the control group. Sexual desire (P=0.019), arousal (P=0.001), lubrication (P=0.001), orgasm (P=0.001), satisfaction (P=0.007), and total FSFI score (P<0.001) improved significantly in the intervention group as compared with the control group. However, there was no difference in sexual pain after the intervention (P=0.78). CONCLUSION The structured educational package was found to reduce sexual dysfunction by improving knowledge of and attitudes toward the physical and psychologic changes that occur during pregnancy among Iranian women attending routine prenatal care visits as part of a healthcare center's program. Iranian Registry of Clinical Trials: IRCT20140907019077N14.
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Affiliation(s)
- Esmaeili Mahnaz
- Nurse and Midwife Faculty, Social Determinants of Health Research Center, Research Institute for Prevention of Non-Communicable Diseases, Qazvin University of Medical Sciences, Qazvin, Iran
| | - Bahrami Nasim
- Nurse and Midwife Faculty, Social Determinants of Health Research Center, Research Institute for Prevention of Non-Communicable Diseases, Qazvin University of Medical Sciences, Qazvin, Iran
| | - Oveisi Sonia
- Metabolic Diseases Research center, Research Institute for Prevention of Non-Communicable Diseases, Qazvin University of Medical Sciences, Qazvin, Iran
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