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Huang RL, Li Q, Ma JX, Atala A, Zhang Y. Body fluid-derived stem cells - an untapped stem cell source in genitourinary regeneration. Nat Rev Urol 2023; 20:739-761. [PMID: 37414959 DOI: 10.1038/s41585-023-00787-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 05/30/2023] [Indexed: 07/08/2023]
Abstract
Somatic stem cells have been obtained from solid organs and tissues, including the bone marrow, placenta, corneal stroma, periosteum, adipose tissue, dental pulp and skeletal muscle. These solid tissue-derived stem cells are often used for tissue repair, disease modelling and new drug development. In the past two decades, stem cells have also been identified in various body fluids, including urine, peripheral blood, umbilical cord blood, amniotic fluid, synovial fluid, breastmilk and menstrual blood. These body fluid-derived stem cells (BFSCs) have stemness properties comparable to those of other adult stem cells and, similarly to tissue-derived stem cells, show cell surface markers, multi-differentiation potential and immunomodulatory effects. However, BFSCs are more easily accessible through non-invasive or minimally invasive approaches than solid tissue-derived stem cells and can be isolated without enzymatic tissue digestion. Additionally, BFSCs have shown good versatility in repairing genitourinary abnormalities in preclinical models through direct differentiation or paracrine mechanisms such as pro-angiogenic, anti-apoptotic, antifibrotic, anti-oxidant and anti-inflammatory effects. However, optimization of protocols is needed to improve the efficacy and safety of BFSC therapy before therapeutic translation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ru-Lin Huang
- Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Qingfeng Li
- Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Jian-Xing Ma
- Department of Biochemistry, Wake Forest School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, NC, USA
| | - Anthony Atala
- Institute for Regenerative Medicine, Wake Forest School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, NC, USA
| | - Yuanyuan Zhang
- Institute for Regenerative Medicine, Wake Forest School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, NC, USA.
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Li J, Jiang Y, Xue W, Liu L, Yu H, Zhang X, Ye X, Miao J, Liu J, Chen Y, Lan X, Liu X, Yao W, Sun J, Zheng J, Xiao J. Effects of transplantation of umbilical cord blood mononuclear cells into the scrotum on sexual function in elderly mice. Regen Med 2023; 18:695-706. [PMID: 37554102 DOI: 10.2217/rme-2022-0191] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 08/10/2023] Open
Abstract
Aim: This study investigated the effect of allografting umbilical cord blood mononuclear cells (UCBMCs) into the scrotum on sexual function in male elderly mice. Methods: UCBMCs were injected once into the scrotal sheath cavity of elderly mice. Results: The transplanted UCBMCs survived in the scrotal sheath cavity for 1 month. The mice had significantly increased blood testosterone concentrations, cyclic guanosine monophosphate (cGMP) levels and total nitric oxide synthase (T-NOS) activity in the corpus cavernosum and an increase in the number of mouse matings within 30 min (all p = 0.000). Conclusion: Scrotum-implanted UCBMCs improve the sexual function of male elderly mice through testosterone production and the NOS/cGMP pathway, which may provide an innovative transplantation approach for the treatment of erectile dysfunction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jun Li
- Medical School, Ningde Normal University, Ningde, 352100, China
- Medical School, Kunming University, Kunming, 650214, China
| | - Yinghong Jiang
- Medical School, Kunming University, Kunming, 650214, China
| | - Wei Xue
- Medical School, Kunming University, Kunming, 650214, China
| | - Lejiang Liu
- Medical School, Kunming University, Kunming, 650214, China
| | - Hua Yu
- Medical School, Kunming University, Kunming, 650214, China
| | - Xuemei Zhang
- Medical School, Kunming University, Kunming, 650214, China
| | - Xiao Ye
- Medical School, Ningde Normal University, Ningde, 352100, China
| | - Jianrong Miao
- Medical School, Ningde Normal University, Ningde, 352100, China
| | - Jianling Liu
- Medical School, Ningde Normal University, Ningde, 352100, China
| | - Yueen Chen
- Medical School, Ningde Normal University, Ningde, 352100, China
| | - Xingbin Lan
- Medical School, Ningde Normal University, Ningde, 352100, China
| | - Xiaoqing Liu
- Medical School, Ningde Normal University, Ningde, 352100, China
| | - Wensong Yao
- Medical School, Ningde Normal University, Ningde, 352100, China
| | - Jianchuan Sun
- Medical School, Ningde Normal University, Ningde, 352100, China
| | - Jing Zheng
- Medical School, Ningde Normal University, Ningde, 352100, China
| | - Jianzhong Xiao
- Medical School, Ningde Normal University, Ningde, 352100, China
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