|
1
|
Dong GM, Yu H, Pan LB, Ma SR, Xu H, Zhang ZW, Han P, Fu J, Yang XY, Keranmu A, Niu HT, Jiang JD, Wang Y. Biotransformation of Timosaponin BII into Seven Characteristic Metabolites by the Gut Microbiota. Molecules 2021; 26:molecules26133861. [PMID: 34202717 PMCID: PMC8270264 DOI: 10.3390/molecules26133861] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/19/2021] [Revised: 06/18/2021] [Accepted: 06/22/2021] [Indexed: 12/02/2022] Open
Abstract
Timosaponin BII is one of the most abundant Anemarrhena saponins and is in a phase II clinical trial for the treatment of dementia. However, the pharmacological activity of timosaponin BII does not match its low bioavailability. In this study, we aimed to determine the effects of gut microbiota on timosaponin BII metabolism. We found that intestinal flora had a strong metabolic effect on timosaponin BII by HPLC-MS/MS. At the same time, seven potential metabolites (M1–M7) produced by rat intestinal flora were identified using HPLC/MS-Q-TOF. Among them, three structures identified are reported in gut microbiota for the first time. A comparison of rat liver homogenate and a rat liver microsome incubation system revealed that the metabolic behavior of timosaponin BII was unique to the gut microbiota system. Finally, a quantitative method for the three representative metabolites was established by HPLC-MS/MS, and the temporal relationship among the metabolites was initially clarified. In summary, it is suggested that the metabolic characteristics of gut microbiota may be an important indicator of the pharmacological activity of timosaponin BII, which can be applied to guide its application and clinical use in the future.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Guo-Ming Dong
- Beijing Hwellso Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd., Beijing 100044, China;
| | - Hang Yu
- State Key Laboratory of Bioactive Substance and Function of Natural Medicines, Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences/Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100050, China; (H.Y.); (L.-B.P.); (S.-R.M.); (H.X.); (Z.-W.Z.); (P.H.); (J.F.); (X.-Y.Y.); (A.K.)
| | - Li-Bin Pan
- State Key Laboratory of Bioactive Substance and Function of Natural Medicines, Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences/Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100050, China; (H.Y.); (L.-B.P.); (S.-R.M.); (H.X.); (Z.-W.Z.); (P.H.); (J.F.); (X.-Y.Y.); (A.K.)
| | - Shu-Rong Ma
- State Key Laboratory of Bioactive Substance and Function of Natural Medicines, Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences/Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100050, China; (H.Y.); (L.-B.P.); (S.-R.M.); (H.X.); (Z.-W.Z.); (P.H.); (J.F.); (X.-Y.Y.); (A.K.)
| | - Hui Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Bioactive Substance and Function of Natural Medicines, Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences/Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100050, China; (H.Y.); (L.-B.P.); (S.-R.M.); (H.X.); (Z.-W.Z.); (P.H.); (J.F.); (X.-Y.Y.); (A.K.)
| | - Zheng-Wei Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Bioactive Substance and Function of Natural Medicines, Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences/Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100050, China; (H.Y.); (L.-B.P.); (S.-R.M.); (H.X.); (Z.-W.Z.); (P.H.); (J.F.); (X.-Y.Y.); (A.K.)
| | - Pei Han
- State Key Laboratory of Bioactive Substance and Function of Natural Medicines, Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences/Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100050, China; (H.Y.); (L.-B.P.); (S.-R.M.); (H.X.); (Z.-W.Z.); (P.H.); (J.F.); (X.-Y.Y.); (A.K.)
| | - Jie Fu
- State Key Laboratory of Bioactive Substance and Function of Natural Medicines, Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences/Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100050, China; (H.Y.); (L.-B.P.); (S.-R.M.); (H.X.); (Z.-W.Z.); (P.H.); (J.F.); (X.-Y.Y.); (A.K.)
| | - Xin-Yu Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Bioactive Substance and Function of Natural Medicines, Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences/Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100050, China; (H.Y.); (L.-B.P.); (S.-R.M.); (H.X.); (Z.-W.Z.); (P.H.); (J.F.); (X.-Y.Y.); (A.K.)
| | - Adili Keranmu
- State Key Laboratory of Bioactive Substance and Function of Natural Medicines, Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences/Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100050, China; (H.Y.); (L.-B.P.); (S.-R.M.); (H.X.); (Z.-W.Z.); (P.H.); (J.F.); (X.-Y.Y.); (A.K.)
| | - Hai-Tao Niu
- School of Medicine and Institute of Laboratory Animal Sciences, Jinan University, Guangzhou Key Laboratory of Germ-free Animals and Microbiota Application, Guangzhou 510632, China;
| | - Jian-Dong Jiang
- State Key Laboratory of Bioactive Substance and Function of Natural Medicines, Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences/Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100050, China; (H.Y.); (L.-B.P.); (S.-R.M.); (H.X.); (Z.-W.Z.); (P.H.); (J.F.); (X.-Y.Y.); (A.K.)
- Correspondence: (J.-D.J.); (Y.W.); Tel.: +86-10-831-600-05 (J.-D.J.); +86-10-6316-5238 (Y.W.); Fax: +86-10-630-177-57 (J.-D.J.); +86-10-6316-5238 (Y.W.)
| | - Yan Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Bioactive Substance and Function of Natural Medicines, Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences/Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100050, China; (H.Y.); (L.-B.P.); (S.-R.M.); (H.X.); (Z.-W.Z.); (P.H.); (J.F.); (X.-Y.Y.); (A.K.)
- Correspondence: (J.-D.J.); (Y.W.); Tel.: +86-10-831-600-05 (J.-D.J.); +86-10-6316-5238 (Y.W.); Fax: +86-10-630-177-57 (J.-D.J.); +86-10-6316-5238 (Y.W.)
| |
Collapse
|