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Yu MH, Yang Q, Zhang YP, Wang JH, Zhang RJZ, Liu ZG, Liu XC. Cannabinoid Receptor Agonist WIN55, 212-2 Attenuates Injury in the Hippocampus of Rats after Deep Hypothermic Circulatory Arrest. Brain Sci 2023; 13:brainsci13030525. [PMID: 36979335 PMCID: PMC10046860 DOI: 10.3390/brainsci13030525] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/17/2023] [Revised: 03/17/2023] [Accepted: 03/21/2023] [Indexed: 03/30/2023] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Postoperative neurological deficits remain a challenge in cardiac surgery employing deep hypothermic circulatory arrest (DHCA). This study aimed to investigate the effect of WIN55, 212-2, a cannabinoid agonist, on brain injury in a rat model of DHCA. METHODS Twenty-four male Sprague Dawley rats were randomly divided into three groups: a control group (which underwent cardiopulmonary bypass (CPB) only), a DHCA group (CPB with DHCA), and a WIN group (WIN55, 212-2 pretreatment before CPB with DHCA). Histopathological changes in the brain were evaluated by hematoxylin-eosin staining. Plasma levels of superoxide dismutase (SOD) and proinflammatory cytokines including interleukin (IL)-1β, IL-6, and tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-a) were determined using an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). The expression of SOD in the hippocampus was detected by Western blot and immunofluorescence staining. Levels of apoptotic-related protein caspase-3 and type 1 cannabinoid receptor (CB1R) in the hippocampus were evaluated by Western blot. RESULTS WIN55, 212-2 administration attenuated histopathological injury of the hippocampus in rats undergoing DHCA, associated with lowered levels of IL-1β, IL-6, and TNF-α (p < 0.05, p < 0.001, and p < 0.01, vs. DHCA, respectively) and an increased level of SOD (p < 0.05 vs. DHCA). WIN55, 212-2 treatment also increased the content of SOD in the hippocampus. The protein expression of caspase-3 was downregulated and the expression of CB1R was upregulated in the hippocampus by WIN55, 212-2. CONCLUSIONS the administration of WIN55, 212-2 alleviates hippocampal injury induced by DHCA in rats by regulating intrinsic inflammatory and oxidative stress responses through a CB1R-dependent mechanism.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ming-Huan Yu
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, TEDA International Cardiovascular Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Graduate School of Peking Union Medical College, 61 Third Avenue, TEDA, Tianjin 300456, China
| | - Qin Yang
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, TEDA International Cardiovascular Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Graduate School of Peking Union Medical College, 61 Third Avenue, TEDA, Tianjin 300456, China
| | - You-Peng Zhang
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, TEDA International Cardiovascular Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Graduate School of Peking Union Medical College, 61 Third Avenue, TEDA, Tianjin 300456, China
| | - Jia-Hui Wang
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, TEDA International Cardiovascular Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Graduate School of Peking Union Medical College, 61 Third Avenue, TEDA, Tianjin 300456, China
| | - Ren-Jian-Zhi Zhang
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, TEDA International Cardiovascular Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Graduate School of Peking Union Medical College, 61 Third Avenue, TEDA, Tianjin 300456, China
| | - Zhi-Gang Liu
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, TEDA International Cardiovascular Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Graduate School of Peking Union Medical College, 61 Third Avenue, TEDA, Tianjin 300456, China
| | - Xiao-Cheng Liu
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, TEDA International Cardiovascular Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Graduate School of Peking Union Medical College, 61 Third Avenue, TEDA, Tianjin 300456, China
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Khan AN, Nabi F, Ajmal MR, Ali SM, Almutairi FM, Alalawy AI, Khan RH. Moxifloxacin Disrupts and Attenuates Aβ42 Fibril and Oligomer Formation: Plausibly Repositioning an Antibiotic as Therapeutic against Alzheimer's Disease. ACS Chem Neurosci 2022; 13:2529-2539. [PMID: 35930676 DOI: 10.1021/acschemneuro.2c00371] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/20/2023] Open
Abstract
The aggregation of Aβ42 is established as a key factor in the development of Alzheimer's disease (AD). Consequently, molecules that inhibit aggregation of peptide may lead to therapies to prevent or control AD. Several studies suggest that oligomeric intermediates present during aggregation may be more cytotoxic than fibrils themselves. In this work, we examine the inhibitory activity of an antibiotic MXF on aggregation (fibrils and oligomers) and disaggregation of Aβ42 using various biophysical and microscopic studies. Computational analysis was done to offer mechanistic insight. The amyloid formation of Aβ42 is suppressed by MXF, as demonstrated by the decrease in both the corresponding ThT fluorescence intensity and other biophysical techniques. The lag phase of amyloid formation doubled from 4.53 to 9.66 h in the presence of MXF. The addition of MXF at the completion of the fibrillation reaction, as monitored by ThT, led to a rapid, concentration dependent, exponential decrease in fluorescence signal that was consistent with loss of fibrils. We used TEM to directly demonstrate that MXF caused fibrils to disassemble. Our docking results show that MXF binds to both monomeric and fibrillar forms of Aβ42 with significant affinities. We also observed breaking of fibrils in the presence of MXF through molecular dynamics simulation. These findings suggest that antibiotic MXF could be a promising lead compound with dual role as fibril/oligomer inhibitor and disaggregase for further development as potential repurposed therapeutic against AD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Asra Nasir Khan
- Interdisciplinary Biotechnology Unit, AMU, Aligarh 202002, India
| | - Faisal Nabi
- Interdisciplinary Biotechnology Unit, AMU, Aligarh 202002, India
| | - Mohammad Rehan Ajmal
- Physical Biochemistry Research Laboratory, Biochemistry Department, Faculty of Science, University of Tabuk, Tabuk 71491, Saudi Arabia
| | - Syed Moasfar Ali
- Interdisciplinary Biotechnology Unit, AMU, Aligarh 202002, India
| | - Fahad M Almutairi
- Physical Biochemistry Research Laboratory, Biochemistry Department, Faculty of Science, University of Tabuk, Tabuk 71491, Saudi Arabia
| | - Adel I Alalawy
- Physical Biochemistry Research Laboratory, Biochemistry Department, Faculty of Science, University of Tabuk, Tabuk 71491, Saudi Arabia
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Januel C, Menduti G, Mamchaoui K, Martinat C, Artero R, Konieczny P, Boido M. Moxifloxacin rescues SMA phenotypes in patient-derived cells and animal model. Cell Mol Life Sci 2022; 79:441. [PMID: 35864358 PMCID: PMC9304069 DOI: 10.1007/s00018-022-04450-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/01/2022] [Revised: 05/30/2022] [Accepted: 06/25/2022] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
Spinal muscular atrophy (SMA) is a genetic disease resulting in the loss of α-motoneurons followed by muscle atrophy. It is caused by knock-out mutations in the survival of motor neuron 1 (SMN1) gene, which has an unaffected, but due to preferential exon 7 skipping, only partially functional human-specific SMN2 copy. We previously described a Drosophila-based screening of FDA-approved drugs that led us to discover moxifloxacin. We showed its positive effect on the SMN2 exon 7 splicing in SMA patient-derived skin cells and its ability to increase the SMN protein level. Here, we focus on moxifloxacin's therapeutic potential in additional SMA cellular and animal models. We demonstrate that moxifloxacin rescues the SMA-related molecular and phenotypical defects in muscle cells and motoneurons by improving the SMN2 splicing. The consequent increase of SMN levels was higher than in case of risdiplam, a potent exon 7 splicing modifier, and exceeded the threshold necessary for a survival improvement. We also demonstrate that daily subcutaneous injections of moxifloxacin in a severe SMA murine model reduces its characteristic neuroinflammation and increases the SMN levels in various tissues, leading to improved motor skills and extended lifespan. We show that moxifloxacin, originally used as an antibiotic, can be potentially repositioned for the SMA treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Camille Januel
- INSERM/UEVE, UMR 861, Université Paris Saclay, I-STEM, AFM-Telethon, Rue Henri Desbruères, 91100, Corbeil-Essonnes, France
| | - Giovanna Menduti
- Department of Neuroscience "Rita Levi Montalcini", Neuroscience Institute Cavalieri Ottolenghi, University of Turin, Regione Gonzole 10, Orbassano, 10043, Turin, TO, Italy
| | - Kamel Mamchaoui
- Sorbonne Université, Inserm, Institut de Myologie, Centre de Recherche en Myologie, 75013, Paris, France
| | - Cecile Martinat
- INSERM/UEVE, UMR 861, Université Paris Saclay, I-STEM, AFM-Telethon, Rue Henri Desbruères, 91100, Corbeil-Essonnes, France.
| | - Ruben Artero
- University Institute of Biotechnology and Biomedicine (BIOTECMED), Universitat de València, Street Dr. Moliner, 50, 46100, Burjasot, Valencia, Spain.
- Translational Genomics Group, Incliva Biomedical Research Institute, Avenue Menéndez Pelayo 4 acc, 46010, Valencia, Spain.
| | - Piotr Konieczny
- University Institute of Biotechnology and Biomedicine (BIOTECMED), Universitat de València, Street Dr. Moliner, 50, 46100, Burjasot, Valencia, Spain
- Translational Genomics Group, Incliva Biomedical Research Institute, Avenue Menéndez Pelayo 4 acc, 46010, Valencia, Spain
| | - Marina Boido
- Department of Neuroscience "Rita Levi Montalcini", Neuroscience Institute Cavalieri Ottolenghi, University of Turin, Regione Gonzole 10, Orbassano, 10043, Turin, TO, Italy
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Chen Q, Lei YQ, Liu JF, Wang ZC, Cao H. Triptolide improves neurobehavioral functions, inflammation, and oxidative stress in rats under deep hypothermic circulatory arrest. Aging (Albany NY) 2021; 13:3031-3044. [PMID: 33465048 PMCID: PMC7880355 DOI: 10.18632/aging.202460] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/23/2020] [Accepted: 12/10/2020] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
This study investigated the neuroprotective effects of triptolide (TPL) in a rat model of cardiopulmonary bypass with deep hypothermia circulatory arrest (DHCA). Rats were randomly divided into six groups: control, sham, DHCA, and DHCA + TPL (100, 200, 300 μg/kg). Neurobehavioral functions were measured using the elevated plus-maze, Y-maze, and Morris water maze tests. Levels of inflammatory cytokines, oxidative stress indices, and brain neurotrophins were measured by ELISA. Microglial activation and cell death was measured by immunofluorescence staining and TUNEL assay, respectively. Finally, activation of the Nrf2 pathway and NF-κB were detected by western blot. The elevated plus-maze, Y-maze, and Morris water maze tests all showed that TPL mitigated anxiety-like behavior, working memory, spatial learning, and memory in DHCA rats. TPL inhibited inflammatory responses and oxidative stress, as well as increased brain neurotrophin levels in DHCA rats. Moreover, TPL attenuated microglia activation and cell death in DHCA rats. Finally, TPL activated the Nrf2 pathway and inhibited NF-κB activity in DHCA rats. These results demonstrated that TPL improved neurobehavioral functions, neuroinflammation, and oxidative stress in DHCA rats, which may be associated with the Nrf2 and NF-κB pathways.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qiang Chen
- Department of Cardiac Surgery, Fujian Maternity and Child Health Hospital, Affiliated Hospital of Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou 350001, P. R. China
| | - Yu-Qing Lei
- Department of Cardiac Surgery, Fujian Maternity and Child Health Hospital, Affiliated Hospital of Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou 350001, P. R. China
| | - Jian-Feng Liu
- Department of Cardiac Surgery, Fujian Maternity and Child Health Hospital, Affiliated Hospital of Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou 350001, P. R. China
| | - Zeng-Chun Wang
- Department of Cardiac Surgery, Fujian Maternity and Child Health Hospital, Affiliated Hospital of Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou 350001, P. R. China
| | - Hua Cao
- Department of Cardiac Surgery, Fujian Maternity and Child Health Hospital, Affiliated Hospital of Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou 350001, P. R. China
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Liu M, Li Y, Gao S, Yan S, Zhang Q, Liu G, Ji B. A novel target to reduce microglial inflammation and neuronal damage after deep hypothermic circulatory arrest. J Thorac Cardiovasc Surg 2019; 159:2431-2444.e7. [PMID: 31564537 DOI: 10.1016/j.jtcvs.2019.06.115] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/09/2019] [Revised: 06/11/2019] [Accepted: 06/22/2019] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Neuroinflammation acts as a contributor to neurologic deficits after deep hypothermic circulatory arrest. However, the molecular mechanism remains unclear. This study postulates that cold-inducible RNA-binding protein can promote deep hypothermic circulatory arrest-induced neuroinflammation. METHODS Rats were randomly assigned into 3 groups (n = 5, each group): sham group, deep hypothermic circulatory arrest group, and deep hypothermic circulatory arrest + Cirp-/- group (Cirp-/- group). Murine microglial BV2 cells were administered by adeno-associated viral vectors containing cold-inducible RNA-binding protein small interference RNA or negative control small interference RNA at 2 days before 4-hour oxygen-glucose deprivation at 18°C. Microglial activation, cell death, neuroinflammation, and related protein expression were assessed in tissue samples and cell cultures. RESULTS Cold-inducible RNA-binding protein was elevated along with evident neuroinflammation and neuronal damage in rats exposed to deep hypothermic circulatory arrest. In Cirp-/- rats, histologic injury (3.00 [interquartile range, 2.00-3.00] vs 1.00 [interquartile range, 1.00-1.50] neuropathological score, P < .001) and microglial activation (40 ± 4 vs 13 ± 7 CA1 area, P < .001) were alleviated after deep hypothermic circulatory arrest. With RNA-sequencing analysis, this associated with reduction of key proinflammatory cytokines induced by inhibiting Brd2-NF-κB signals. In BV2 cells treated with small interference RNA-cold-inducible RNA-binding protein, similar protective effects were observed, including decreased proinflammatory cytokines and cytotoxicity. Brd2-NF-κB signals were confirmed by the addition of Brd2 inhibitor JQ1. Notably, the conditioned medium from BV2 cells transfected with small interference RNA cold-inducible RNA-binding protein significantly reduced apoptosis in neural SH-SY5Y cells after oxygen-glucose deprivation, which was similar to that after JQ1 administration. CONCLUSIONS Enhanced cold-inducible RNA-binding protein in microglia aggravates neuronal injury by promoting the release of proinflammatory cytokines, which might be mediated through Brd2-NF-κB signals during deep hypothermic circulatory arrest.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mingyue Liu
- Department of Cardiopulmonary Bypass, State Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Medicine, Fuwai Hospital, National Center for Cardiovascular Disease, Chinese Academy of Medical Science and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Yongnan Li
- Department of Cardiopulmonary Bypass, State Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Medicine, Fuwai Hospital, National Center for Cardiovascular Disease, Chinese Academy of Medical Science and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China; Department of Cardiac Surgery, Lanzhou University Second Hospital, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, China
| | - Sizhe Gao
- Department of Cardiopulmonary Bypass, State Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Medicine, Fuwai Hospital, National Center for Cardiovascular Disease, Chinese Academy of Medical Science and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Shujie Yan
- Department of Cardiopulmonary Bypass, State Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Medicine, Fuwai Hospital, National Center for Cardiovascular Disease, Chinese Academy of Medical Science and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Qiaoni Zhang
- Department of Cardiopulmonary Bypass, State Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Medicine, Fuwai Hospital, National Center for Cardiovascular Disease, Chinese Academy of Medical Science and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Gang Liu
- Department of Cardiopulmonary Bypass, State Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Medicine, Fuwai Hospital, National Center for Cardiovascular Disease, Chinese Academy of Medical Science and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Bingyang Ji
- Department of Cardiopulmonary Bypass, State Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Medicine, Fuwai Hospital, National Center for Cardiovascular Disease, Chinese Academy of Medical Science and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China.
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Andersen ND, Alsarraj MK, Turek JW. Commentary: A therapeutic Jedi mind trick: A neuroprotective target to counteract deep hypothermic circulatory arrest. J Thorac Cardiovasc Surg 2019; 159:2445-2446. [PMID: 31420151 DOI: 10.1016/j.jtcvs.2019.06.082] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/28/2019] [Accepted: 06/28/2019] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Nicholas D Andersen
- Duke Congenital Heart Research & Training Laboratory, Duke University, Durham, NC
| | - Mohammed K Alsarraj
- Duke Congenital Heart Research & Training Laboratory, Duke University, Durham, NC
| | - Joseph W Turek
- Duke Congenital Heart Research & Training Laboratory, Duke University, Durham, NC.
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Liguori GR, Kanas AF, Moreira LFP. Managing the inflammatory response after cardiopulmonary bypass: review of the studies in animal models. Braz J Cardiovasc Surg 2014; 29:93-102. [PMID: 24896169 PMCID: PMC4389477 DOI: 10.5935/1678-9741.20140017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/23/2013] [Accepted: 09/24/2013] [Indexed: 11/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Objective To review studies performed in animal models that evaluated therapeutic
interventions to inflammatory response and microcirculatory changes after
cardiopulmonary bypass. Methods It was used the search strategy ("Cardiopulmonary Bypass" (MeSH)) and
("Microcirculation" (MeSH) or "Inflammation" (MeSH) or
"Inflammation Mediators" (MeSH)). Repeated results, human studies,
non-English language articles, reviews and studies without control were
excluded. Results Blood filters, system miniaturization, specific primers regional perfusion,
adequate flow and temperature and pharmacological therapies with anticoagulants,
vasoactive drugs and anti-inflammatories reduced changes in microcirculation and
inflammatory response. Conclusion Demonstrated efficacy in animal models establishes a perspective for evaluating
these interventions in clinical practice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gabriel Romero Liguori
- Correspondence address: Gabriel Romero Liguori, Instituto do Coração
(InCor), Hospital das Clínicas da Faculdade de Medicina da Universidade de São Paulo,
Av. Dr. Enéas de Carvalho Aguiar, 44 - 2º andar - bloco II - sala 13 - Cerqueira
César, São Paulo, SP, Brazil - Zip code: 05403-000. E-mail:
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Evaluation of neurobehavioral deficits following different severities of cerebral ischemia in rats: A comparison between the modified hole board test and the Morris water maze test. Behav Brain Res 2012; 235:7-20. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bbr.2012.07.027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/20/2011] [Revised: 07/11/2012] [Accepted: 07/16/2012] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
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Wiesner G, Braun SL, Gruber M, Gertler R, Lange R, Tassani P, Martin K. Neither moxifloxacin nor cefuroxime produces significant attenuation of inflammatory mediator release in patients exposed to cardiopulmonary bypass: a randomized controlled trial. J Antimicrob Chemother 2011; 67:230-3. [PMID: 21972268 DOI: 10.1093/jac/dkr397] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES In vitro and experimental studies in animals have established the anti-inflammatory effects of moxifloxacin. Cardiopulmonary bypass (CPB) leads to an inflammatory response. The aim of this study was to assess whether the inflammatory cytokine response to CPB is reduced with a perioperative antibiotic prophylaxis, either moxifloxacin or cefuroxime (the standard prophylaxis). PATIENTS AND METHODS Twenty-eight patients scheduled for elective coronary artery bypass grafting with CPB were randomly assigned to receive either moxifloxacin or cefuroxime as the perioperative antibiotic prophylaxis. Interleukin (IL)-6, -8, -10 and tumour necrosis factor-α (TNF-α) serum concentrations were determined at eight time points before and after CPB. RESULTS In both groups, all cytokine concentrations significantly increased after the start of CPB. There were no statistically significant differences between the moxifloxacin and cefuroxime groups at any point; IL-6 concentrations [median (interquartile range)] 240 min after CPB, the primary endpoint, were 364 (192-598) and 465 (325-906) pg/mL (P = 0.323), respectively. CONCLUSIONS Neither moxifloxacin nor cefuroxime produced significant attenuation of the inflammatory cytokine response to CPB. The reasons why moxifloxacin did not have significant anti-inflammatory effects in this unique clinical situation may be: (i) the inflammatory response to CPB may be different from that of infectious disease states that were used to establish the immunomodulatory effects of moxifloxacin; and (ii) a single intravenous dose, which was used in this investigation, may not lead to high enough plasma and intracellular concentrations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gunther Wiesner
- Institute of Anaesthesiology, German Heart Centre Munich, Lazarettstr. 36, D-80636 Munich, Germany.
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