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Kieu V, Handler SS, Mitchell M, Pan AY, Zhang L, Kirkpatrick E. Multimodal Assessment and Intramodal Comparison of Imaging Techniques for Pediatric Pulmonary Vein Stenosis with Pulmonary Hypertension. Pediatr Cardiol 2024:10.1007/s00246-024-03531-8. [PMID: 38842557 DOI: 10.1007/s00246-024-03531-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/20/2023] [Accepted: 05/21/2024] [Indexed: 06/07/2024]
Abstract
Pulmonary vein stenosis (PVS) is a rare, serious, and progressive disease in the pediatric population. Evaluation is complex and involves multimodality imaging. Diagnosis is important as early treatment to prevent progressive pulmonary hypertension and right ventricular dysfunction is essential. Adult studies have shown good correlation between various imaging modalities; however, there are limited data in children. This is a single-center retrospective pilot study to determine the reliability of measurement of pulmonary vein stenosis and pulmonary hypertension across different imaging modalities-computed tomography angiography (CTA), echocardiography (echo), lung perfusion scan (LPS), and cardiac catheterization (cath). PVS was defined as > 2 mmHg by echo and cath and/or 50% reduction in diameter by CTA. Patients had to have an echo, CTA and cath performed within a 1-month timeframe of one another to be included in the study, with LPS data included if testing was completed at initial evaluation. Fifteen total patients were enrolled; 87% were categorized as primary PVS; a condition not directly related to direct injury or prior surgical intervention. Twenty-seven total stenotic pulmonary veins were identified (mean 1.8, range 1-4). CTA had a slightly better agreement with cath than echo in identifying PVS in different vein locations except in the LLPV. Additionally, echo and CTA had excellent sensitivity (91%) and specificity (100%) compared to cath for diagnosis of PH. We conclude that non-invasive imaging of echo and CTA has an acceptable correlation to cardiac catheterization for screening and initial evaluation of PVS and PH, as directly related to PVS, in pediatrics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Victor Kieu
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Pediatrics, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, WI, USA.
- Herma Heart Institute-Children's Wisconsin, Milwaukee, WI, USA.
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Pediatrics, Nemours Children's Health, 1600 Rockland Road, Wilmington, DE, USA.
| | - Stephanie S Handler
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Pediatrics, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, WI, USA
- Herma Heart Institute-Children's Wisconsin, Milwaukee, WI, USA
| | - Michael Mitchell
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Pediatrics, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, WI, USA
- Herma Heart Institute-Children's Wisconsin, Milwaukee, WI, USA
| | - Amy Y Pan
- Division of Quantitative Health Sciences, Department of Pediatrics, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, WI, USA
| | - Liyun Zhang
- Division of Quantitative Health Sciences, Department of Pediatrics, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, WI, USA
| | - Edward Kirkpatrick
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Pediatrics, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, WI, USA
- Herma Heart Institute-Children's Wisconsin, Milwaukee, WI, USA
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Harada T, Nakano T, Ando Y, Hashimoto J. Sutureless Repair of Extracardiac Univentricular Total Anomalous Pulmonary Venous Connection. Ann Thorac Surg 2024; 117:990-997. [PMID: 37230275 DOI: 10.1016/j.athoracsur.2023.05.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/04/2022] [Revised: 02/18/2023] [Accepted: 05/14/2023] [Indexed: 05/27/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND This study aimed to evaluate the results of sutureless repair of extracardiac total anomalous pulmonary venous connection (TAPVC) with a functional single ventricle at a single institution, including changes in the anastomotic site over time. METHODS The database contained 98 patients with single-ventricle anatomy who underwent extracardiac TAPVC repair from 1996 to 2022. The median age and body weight at surgery were 59 days and 3.8 kg, respectively. Eighty-seven patients had heterotaxy syndrome, and 42 had preoperatively obstructed TAPVC. Primary sutureless repair was performed in 18 patients, 13 of whom were neonates. The cross-sectional area of the anastomotic site of the atrium and pericardium was divided by the body surface area, and the changes in this value over time were assessed. The median follow-up was 5.2 years (range, 0-19.4 years). RESULTS Operative mortality and late mortality occurred in 2 (2.0%) and 38 (38.8%) patients, respectively. The actuarial survival rate at 5 years postoperatively was 56.2%. Multivariate analysis identified preoperatively obstructed TAPVC as a risk factor for mortality. Recurrent pulmonary venous stenosis (PVS) developed in 25 patients, thus giving a 5-year rate of freedom from PVS of 64.9%. Multivariate analysis revealed that sutureless repair significantly decreased the incidence of recurrent PVS. The cross-sectional anastomotic area tended to grow in accordance with the patients' growth. CONCLUSIONS Sutureless repair of extracardiac TAPVC with univentricular anatomy achieved acceptable results. The anastomotic site tended to grow over time and contributed to a decline in the rate of recurrent PVS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Takeaki Harada
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, Fukuoka Children's Hospital, Fukuoka, Japan.
| | - Toshihide Nakano
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, Fukuoka Children's Hospital, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - Yusuke Ando
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, Fukuoka Children's Hospital, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - Joji Hashimoto
- Department of Radiology, Fukuoka Children's Hospital, Fukuoka, Japan
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Feng Z, He Q, Yuan J, Dou Z, Wu D, Liu Y, Rui L, He F, Wu Z, Li S. Modified L-shaped incision technique for supracardiac total anomalous pulmonary venous connection as an alternative to sutureless technique. Int J Surg 2023; 109:3788-3795. [PMID: 37678273 PMCID: PMC10720858 DOI: 10.1097/js9.0000000000000694] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/17/2023] [Accepted: 08/06/2023] [Indexed: 09/09/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The modified L-shaped incision technique (MLIT) was successfully applied to the repair of supracardiac total anomalous pulmonary venous connection (TAPVC) with promising mid-term outcomes. It is, however, unclear whether or not MLIT could be an alternative to sutureless technique (ST). METHODS All patients ( n =141) who underwent MLIT or ST repair for supracardiac TAPVC between June 2009 and June 2022 were included and a propensity score-matched analysis was performed to reduce the heterogeneity. RESULTS MLIT was performed in 80.9% (114/141), whereas ST was performed in 19.1% (27/141). Patients who underwent MLIT repair had a lower incidence of pulmonary veinous obstruction (PVO)-related reintervention (1.8 vs. 18.5%, P =0.002), and late mortality (2.6 vs. 18.2%, P =0.006). Overall survival at 10 years was 92.5% (87.7-97.7%) for MLIT and 66.8% (44.4-100%) for ST ( P =0.012). Freedom from postoperative PVO at 10 years was 89.1% (83.2-95.5%) for MLIT and 79.9% (65.6-97.4%) for ST ( P =0.12). Cox proportional hazards regression identified prolonged mechanical ventilation duration, postoperative PVO, respiratory dysfunction, and low cardiac output syndrome were associated with postoperative death and PVO-related reintervention. CONCLUSIONS The MLIT strategy is a safe, technologically feasible, and effective approach for supracardiac TAPVC, which is associated with more favorable and promising freedom from death and PVO-related reintervention.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zicong Feng
- Department of Cardiac Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou
- Paediatric Cardiac Surgery Centre, Fuwai Hospital, National Centre for Cardiovascular Diseases, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing
| | - Qiyu He
- Paediatric Cardiac Surgery Centre, Fuwai Hospital, National Centre for Cardiovascular Diseases, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing
| | - Jianhui Yuan
- Paediatric Cardiac Surgery Centre, Fuwai Hospital, National Centre for Cardiovascular Diseases, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing
| | - Zheng Dou
- Paediatric Cardiac Surgery Centre, Fuwai Hospital, National Centre for Cardiovascular Diseases, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing
| | - Dongdong Wu
- Paediatric Cardiac Surgery Centre, Fuwai Hospital, National Centre for Cardiovascular Diseases, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing
| | - Yuze Liu
- Paediatric Cardiac Surgery Centre, Fuwai Hospital, National Centre for Cardiovascular Diseases, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing
| | - Lu Rui
- Paediatric Cardiac Surgery Centre, Fuwai Hospital, National Centre for Cardiovascular Diseases, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing
| | - Fengpu He
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University College of Medicine, Hangzhou, People’s Republic of China
| | - Zhongkai Wu
- Department of Cardiac Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou
| | - Shoujun Li
- Paediatric Cardiac Surgery Centre, Fuwai Hospital, National Centre for Cardiovascular Diseases, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing
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Shentu J, Shi G, Zhang Q, Wen C, Zhang H, Zhu Z, Chen H. Surgical repair of neonatal total anomalous pulmonary venous connection: A single institutional experience with 241 cases. JTCVS OPEN 2023; 16:739-754. [PMID: 38204647 PMCID: PMC10774983 DOI: 10.1016/j.xjon.2023.07.021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/03/2023] [Revised: 05/31/2023] [Accepted: 06/20/2023] [Indexed: 01/12/2024]
Abstract
Objective Challenges persist in surgery for neonatal total anomalous pulmonary venous connection (neoTAPVC), with the high mortality risk not mitigated over time. Methods A prospectively collected single-center database containing all neonates with TAPVC undergoing biventricular repair in 2012 to 2020 was retrospectively reviewed. The primary outcome was death or postoperative pulmonary venous obstruction (PPVO). Based on the preoperative admission location in our hospital, patients were classified into those being admitted to cardiac intensive care unit versus neonatal intensive care unit or general pediatric intensive care unit. Access to dedicated presurgical care (DPC) was defined as patients who were preoperatively admitted to the cardiac intensive care unit. Results Overall, 241 patients with a median age at surgery of 14 days (interquartile range [IQR], 9-21 days) were included. Anomalous return was supracardiac in 38.6%, cardiac in 26.1%, infracardiac in 28.6%, and mixed in 6.6%. Patients receiving DPC had better survival (96.3% vs 84.3%; P = .0028) and lower incidence of PPVO (15.2% vs 28.6%; P = .011) compared with those without DPC. Patients in the DPC group were less likely to undergo operation within 24 hours on presentation (27.1% vs 40.3%; P = .041), had improved lactate clearance (1.5 [IQR, 1.0-2.2] vs 2.8 [IQR, 1.8-4.1]; P < .001), and had lower incidence of postoperative pulmonary hypertension crisis (2.8% vs 18.7%; P < .001) compared with those in no-DPC group. After matching, no difference in PPVO could be observed in patients undergoing conventional versus sutureless repair (22.6% vs 12.9%; P = .29). Conclusions Access to DPC potentially improves outcomes in the neoTAPVC setting; freedom from PPVO were similar using conventional versus sutureless repair.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jin Shentu
- Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, Shanghai Children’s Medical Center, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Guocheng Shi
- Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, Shanghai Children’s Medical Center, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Qian Zhang
- Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, Shanghai Children’s Medical Center, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Chen Wen
- Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, Shanghai Children’s Medical Center, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Hao Zhang
- Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, Shanghai Children’s Medical Center, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Zhongqun Zhu
- Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, Shanghai Children’s Medical Center, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Huiwen Chen
- Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, Shanghai Children’s Medical Center, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
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Beers KM, Jacobsen CP, Miller SR, Lehenbauer DG, Maldonado E, Husain SA, Calhoon JH. Reintervention and mortality risk after total anomalous pulmonary venous connection repair. Cardiol Young 2023; 33:2228-2235. [PMID: 36636926 DOI: 10.1017/s1047951122004280] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/14/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Management of total anomalous pulmonary venous connections has been extensively studied to further improve outcomes. Our institution previously reported factors associated with mortality, recurrent obstruction, and reintervention. The study purpose was to revisit the cohort of patients and evaluate factors associated with reintervention, and mortality in early and late follow-up. METHODS A retrospective review at our institution identified 81 patients undergoing total anomalous pulmonary venous connection repair from January 2002 to January 2018. Demographic and operative variables were evaluated. Anastomotic reintervention (interventional or surgical) and/or mortality were primary endpoints. RESULTS Eighty-one patients met the study criteria. Follow-up ranged from 0 to 6,291 days (17.2 years), a mean of 1263 days (3.5 years). Surgical mortality was 16.1% and reintervention rates were 19.8%. In re-interventions performed, 80% occurred within 1.2 years, while 94% of mortalities were within 4.1 months. Increasing cardiopulmonary bypass times (p = 0.0001) and the presence of obstruction at the time of surgery (p = 0.025) were predictors of mortality, while intracardiac total anomalous pulmonary venous connection type (p = 0.033) was protective. Risk of reintervention was higher with increasing cardiopulmonary bypass times (p = 0.015), single ventricle anatomy (p = 0.02), and a post-repair gradient >2 mmHg on transesophageal echocardiogram (p = 0.009). CONCLUSIONS Evaluation of a larger cohort with longer follow-up demonstrated the relationship of anatomic complexity and symptoms at presentation to increased mortality risk after total anomalous pulmonary venous connection repair. The presence of a single ventricle or a post-operative confluence gradient >2 mmHg were risk factors for reintervention. These findings support those found in our initial study.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kevin M Beers
- Department of Pediatric Cardiovascular Surgery, Arnold Palmer Hospital for Children, Orlando, FL, USA
| | - Christian P Jacobsen
- Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, University of Texas Health San Antonio, San Antonio, TX, USA
| | - Stewart R Miller
- University of Texas San Antonio College of Business, San Antonio, TX, USA
| | - David G Lehenbauer
- Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, OH, USA
| | - Elaine Maldonado
- Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, University of Texas Health San Antonio, San Antonio, TX, USA
| | - S Adil Husain
- Department of Surgery and Pediatrics, University of Utah Health Salt Lake City, UT, USA
| | - John H Calhoon
- Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, University of Texas Health San Antonio, San Antonio, TX, USA
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Gui L, Wang AB, Zi J, Ai GY, Wang HH, Zhu M, Liang H. The Clinical Characteristics of 88 Patients with Total Anomalous Pulmonary Venous Connection and Risk Factors Associated with Early Postoperative Death. Int J Gen Med 2022; 15:7809-7816. [PMID: 36267425 PMCID: PMC9576494 DOI: 10.2147/ijgm.s380677] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2022] [Accepted: 09/16/2022] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE This study aimed to analyze the outcomes and risk factors of early postoperative death (within 30 days after surgery) in a single-center after repair of total anomalous pulmonary venous connection (TAPVC). METHODS The clinical data of 88 children who had been diagnosed with TAPVC and underwent radical operation in the Shandong Provincial Hospital Affiliated with Shandong First Medical University (China) from January 2015 to July 2021 were retrospectively analyzed. All the patients were divided into the survival group (n = 81) and the death group (n = 7) for the analysis of preoperative and postoperative clinical data. The variables associated with early postoperative death were statistically analyzed to obtain the risk factors for early postoperative death of TAPVC. RESULTS Of the 88 patients included in this study, 7 (7.95%) patients died early, including 4 supracardiac and 3 infracardiac cases. Recurrent pulmonary vein obstruction occurred in 2 patients after discharged from hospital, and both were intracardiac TAPVC. Delayed death occurred in 2 children, both of which were intracardiac TAPVC cases. According to univariate analysis, the risk factors statistically significantly associated with the early postoperative death included infracardiac type (P = 0.08), preoperative maximum pulmonary vein flow velocity (P = 0.031), preoperative mechanical ventilation (P = 0.043), preoperative maximum pulmonary artery pressure (P = 0.000), intraoperative cardiopulmonary bypass time (P = 0.003) and intraoperative aortic cross-clamp time (P = 0.000). CONCLUSION Infracardiac type of TAPVC, preoperative maximum pulmonary vein flow velocity, preoperative mechanical ventilation, preoperative maximum pulmonary artery pressure, intraoperative cardiopulmonary bypass time and aortic cross-clamp time are the risk factors for early postoperative death.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lin Gui
- Department of Ultrasound, Shandong Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Shandong First Medical University, Jinan, People’s Republic of China
| | - An-Biao Wang
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, Shandong Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Shandong First Medical University, Jinan, People’s Republic of China
| | - Jie Zi
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, Shandong Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Shandong First Medical University, Jinan, People’s Republic of China
| | - Ge-Yi Ai
- Department of Anesthesiology, Shandong Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Shandong First Medical University, Jinan, People’s Republic of China
| | - Hui-Hui Wang
- Department of Ultrasound, Shandong Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Shandong First Medical University, Jinan, People’s Republic of China
| | - Mei Zhu
- Department of Ultrasound, Shandong Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Shandong First Medical University, Jinan, People’s Republic of China,Correspondence: Mei Zhu; Hao Liang, Department of Ultrasound, Shandong Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Shandong First Medical University, No. 324, Jing Wu Road, Huai Yin District, Jinan, 250021, People’s Republic of China, Tel +86-15653101616; +86-13506411901, Email ;
| | - Hao Liang
- Department of Ultrasound, Shandong Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Shandong First Medical University, Jinan, People’s Republic of China
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Wang Z, Ding N, Yi H, Zhu Y, Li Z, Yan D, Li X, Bai S. Application of sutureless technique in total anomalous pulmonary venous connection repair. J Card Surg 2022; 37:3769-3775. [PMID: 35979734 DOI: 10.1111/jocs.16843] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/28/2022] [Accepted: 08/05/2022] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
The sutureless technique was initially used for the treatment of postoperative pulmonary vein obstruction (PVO) in patients with total anomalous pulmonary venous connection (TAPVC). However, as the effectiveness of the sutureless technique has been confirmed and widely developed, the sutureless technique has been used for the primary treatment of high-risk children with TAPVC who are at high risk of PVO. Compared with traditional surgery, the sutureless technique significantly reduces the incidence of postoperative PVO, re-intervention rate due to PVO, and postoperative mortality, but there are potential complications such as pericardial and confluent venous anastomosis, phrenic nerve damage, air embolism. In addition, the sutureless technique is not effective in dealing with the progressive stenosis of the pulmonary veins after sutureless surgery and diffuse stenosis of extrapulmonary proximal veins and intrapulmonary veins. These make the efficacy and safety of this procedure controversial. This paper reviews the research status of the sutureless technique in TAPVC repair at home and abroad over the years.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhangwei Wang
- Department of Cardiac Surgery, Beijing Children's Hospital, Capital Medical University, National Children's Medical Center, Beijing, China
| | - Nan Ding
- Department of Cardiac Surgery, Beijing Children's Hospital, Capital Medical University, National Children's Medical Center, Beijing, China
| | - Hanlu Yi
- Department of Cardiac Surgery, Beijing Children's Hospital, Capital Medical University, National Children's Medical Center, Beijing, China
| | - Yaobin Zhu
- Department of Cardiac Surgery, Beijing Children's Hospital, Capital Medical University, National Children's Medical Center, Beijing, China
| | - Zhiqiang Li
- Department of Cardiac Surgery, Beijing Children's Hospital, Capital Medical University, National Children's Medical Center, Beijing, China
| | - Daole Yan
- Department of Cardiac Surgery, Beijing Children's Hospital, Capital Medical University, National Children's Medical Center, Beijing, China
| | - Xiaofeng Li
- Department of Cardiac Surgery, Beijing Children's Hospital, Capital Medical University, National Children's Medical Center, Beijing, China
| | - Song Bai
- Department of Cardiac Surgery, Beijing Children's Hospital, Capital Medical University, National Children's Medical Center, Beijing, China
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Zhang H, Shi G, Chen H. Risk factors for postoperative pulmonary venous obstruction after surgical repair of total anomalous pulmonary venous connection: a systemic review and meta-analysis. Interact Cardiovasc Thorac Surg 2022; 35:6609775. [PMID: 35713512 PMCID: PMC9270848 DOI: 10.1093/icvts/ivac162] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/03/2022] [Revised: 05/21/2022] [Accepted: 06/15/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Han Zhang
- Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, Congenital Heart Center, Shanghai Children’s Medical Center, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine , Shanghai, China
| | - Guocheng Shi
- Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, Congenital Heart Center, Shanghai Children’s Medical Center, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine , Shanghai, China
| | - Huiwen Chen
- Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, Congenital Heart Center, Shanghai Children’s Medical Center, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine , Shanghai, China
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Thanh DQL, Giau HTN, Huong TNG, Linh TNU, Phuc VM, Vuong NL. Sutureless Closure Versus Conventional Technique in the Primary Surgery of Total Anomalous Pulmonary Venous Connection: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis. Pediatr Cardiol 2022; 43:943-951. [PMID: 35426500 DOI: 10.1007/s00246-022-02904-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/03/2022] [Accepted: 03/31/2022] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
Sutureless closure has been used for primary repair of total anomalous pulmonary venous connection (TAPVC) for over 20 years but its superiority over conventional technique is still uncertain. This systematic review was conducted to compare the effectiveness of sutureless closure and conventional surgery as the primary repair for TAPVC. Systematic search was performed in June 2021 on 12 databases. All studies comparing sutureless and conventional surgery for TAPVC were included. The primary endpoints were early mortality, overall mortality, postoperative pulmonary venous stenosis (PVS), and reoperation. Meta-analysis of two-arm studies was performed with several sensitivity and subgroup analyses. Six retrospective studies with 767 patients were included in meta-analyses. Sutureless closure significantly reduced the risk of early mortality, overall mortality, postoperative PVS, and reoperation by 53%, 45%, 77%, and 67% compared to conventional technique, respectively. No heterogeneity was found and presence of publication bias was non-significant. The results were consistent in all sensitivity analyses. Subgroup analyses revealed that sutureless closure was superior to conventional technique in patients with and without preoperative pulmonary venous obstruction, and neonates and non-neonates. Sutureless closure is better than conventional closure as the primary surgery for TAPVC patients. We advocate using sutureless closure for patients with TAPVC. Future large-scale observational studies or clinical trials are required to confirm our findings.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dinh Quang Le Thanh
- Department of Cardiac Surgery, Children's Hospital 1, 341 Su Van Hanh, Ward 10, District 10, Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam
| | - Hoang Thi Ngoc Giau
- Faculty of Public Health, University of Medicine and Pharmacy at Ho Chi Minh City, 217 Hong Bang, Ward 11, District 5, Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam
| | - Tran Nguyen Giang Huong
- University Medical Center, University of Medicine and Pharmacy at Ho Chi Minh City, 217 Hong Bang, Ward 11, District 5, Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam
| | - Truong Nguyen Uy Linh
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Medicine and Pharmacy at Ho Chi Minh City, 217 Hong Bang, Ward 11, District 5, Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam
| | - Vu Minh Phuc
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Medicine and Pharmacy at Ho Chi Minh City, 217 Hong Bang, Ward 11, District 5, Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam
| | - Nguyen Lam Vuong
- Faculty of Public Health, University of Medicine and Pharmacy at Ho Chi Minh City, 217 Hong Bang, Ward 11, District 5, Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam.
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Zhao L, Pan Z, Wu C, Shen L, Wu Y. Sutureless Technique for Primary Total Anomalous Pulmonary Venous Connection Repair: An Updated Meta-Analysis. Front Cardiovasc Med 2022; 9:890575. [PMID: 35571166 PMCID: PMC9095923 DOI: 10.3389/fcvm.2022.890575] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/06/2022] [Accepted: 04/04/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Background An updated meta-analysis was performed to explore the clinical outcomes following the sutureless repair in patients with total anomalous pulmonary venous connection (TAPVC) and compare outcomes between the sutureless technique and conventional surgery. Methods A systematic search of PubMed, Ovid-Embase, and Cochrane Library (CENTRAL) for relevant published studies that reported the clinical outcomes of the sutureless technique in children with TAPVC was performed in February 2022. The publication language was restricted to English. Results Eleven studies were included involving 771 patients in total. Following the sutureless technique, the incidences of postoperative pulmonary venous obstruction (PVO) and reoperations due to PVO were 3.3% [95% confidence interval (CI), 1.3–5.3%] and 1.8% (95% CI, 0.3–3.3%), respectively. The early and late mortality rates were 3.2% (95% CI, 1.0–5.3%) and 2.5% (95% CI, 0.7–4.3%), respectively. Compared with conventional surgery, the sutureless technique significantly reduced the incidences of postoperative PVO [odds ratio (OR), 0.16; 95% CI, 0.08–0.33; P < 0.00001], reoperations due to PVO (OR, 0.25; 95% CI, 0.10–0.63; P = 0.003), and early mortality (OR, 0.40; 95% CI, 0.21–0.79; P = 0.008). However, no significant difference was found between conventional surgery and the sutureless technique concerning late mortality (OR, 0.63; 95% CI, 0.13–3.00; P = 0.58). Conclusion The sutureless technique is superior to conventional surgery for the primary repair of TAPVC concerning postoperative PVO, reoperations due to PVO, and early mortality. However, the level of evidence is of low quality. Prospective cohort studies or randomized control trials (RCTs) should be performed to evaluate the effectiveness of sutureless techniques for primary TAPVC repair.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lu Zhao
- Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, Children’s Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
- Chongqing Key Laboratory of Pediatrics, Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Child Development and Disorders, China International Science and Technology Cooperation Base of Child Development and Critical Disorders, National Clinical Research Center for Child Health and Disorders, Chongqing, China
| | - Zhengxia Pan
- Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, Children’s Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
- Chongqing Key Laboratory of Pediatrics, Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Child Development and Disorders, China International Science and Technology Cooperation Base of Child Development and Critical Disorders, National Clinical Research Center for Child Health and Disorders, Chongqing, China
| | - Chun Wu
- Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, Children’s Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
- Chongqing Key Laboratory of Pediatrics, Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Child Development and Disorders, China International Science and Technology Cooperation Base of Child Development and Critical Disorders, National Clinical Research Center for Child Health and Disorders, Chongqing, China
| | - Lianju Shen
- Chongqing Key Laboratory of Pediatrics, Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Child Development and Disorders, China International Science and Technology Cooperation Base of Child Development and Critical Disorders, National Clinical Research Center for Child Health and Disorders, Chongqing, China
- *Correspondence: Lianju Shen,
| | - Yuhao Wu
- Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, Children’s Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
- Chongqing Key Laboratory of Pediatrics, Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Child Development and Disorders, China International Science and Technology Cooperation Base of Child Development and Critical Disorders, National Clinical Research Center for Child Health and Disorders, Chongqing, China
- Yuhao Wu,
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Pei Y, Shi G, Xia W, Wen C, Sun D, Zhu F, Li J, Zhu Z, Liu X, Huang M, Wang YP, Chen H, Wang L. Building A Risk Prediction Model for Postoperative Pulmonary Vein Obstruction via Quantitative Analysis of CTA Images. IEEE J Biomed Health Inform 2022; 26:3127-3138. [PMID: 35085097 DOI: 10.1109/jbhi.2022.3146590] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
Total anomalous pulmonary venous connection (TAPVC) is a rare but mortal congenital heart disease in children and can be repaired by surgical operations. However, some patients may suffer from pulmonary venous obstruction (PVO) after surgery with insufcient blood supply, necessitating special follow-up strategy and treatment. Therefore, it is a clinically important yet challenging problem to predict such patients before surgery. In this paper, we address this issue and propose a computational framework to determine the risk factors for postoperative PVO (PPVO) from computed tomography angiography (CTA) images and build the PPVO risk prediction model. From clinical experiences, such risk factors are likely from the left atrium (LA) and pulmonary vein (PV) of the patient. Thus, 3D models of LA and PV are rst reconstructed from low-dose CTA images. Then, a feature pool is built by computing different morphological features from 3D models of LA and PV, and the coupling spatial features of LA and PV. Finally, four risk factors are identied from the feature pool using the machine learning techniques, followed by a risk prediction model. As a result, not only PPVO patients can be effectively predicted but also qualitative risk factors reported in the literature can now be quantied. Finally, the risk prediction model is evaluated on two independent clinical datasets from two hospitals. The model can achieve the AUC values of 0.88 and 0.87 respectively, demonstrating its effectiveness in risk prediction.
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Liufu R, Liu X, Liu T, Chen J, Wen S, Cen J, Zhuang J. Primary sutureless repair for infracardiac total anomalous pulmonary venous connection. Eur J Cardiothorac Surg 2021; 59:959-966. [PMID: 33491045 DOI: 10.1093/ejcts/ezaa470] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/09/2020] [Revised: 09/16/2020] [Accepted: 11/22/2020] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES This study aimed to review surgical experiences in patients with infracardiac total anomalous pulmonary venous connection (TAPVC). METHODS This retrospective study included 63 infants who underwent conventional repair (n = 27) and sutureless repair (n = 36) from 1 February 2009 to 31 June 2019. Kaplan-Meier curves and Cox regressions were applied to analyse the overall survival and risk factors. Cumulative incidence curves and competing risk models were used to evaluate postoperative pulmonary venous obstruction (PVO). RESULTS There were 4 hospital deaths and 2 late deaths, and 8 patients experienced postoperative PVO. The survival rates at 30 days, 1 year and 5 years were 95.2%, 90.5% and 90.5%, respectively. The overall survival rate was significantly higher in the sutureless group than that in the conventional group. The cumulative incidence of postoperative PVO in the conventional group was higher than that in the sutureless group. Univariable Cox regression analyses showed that lower surgical weight, increase in preoperative international normalized ratio, prolonged cardiopulmonary bypass time and aortic cross-clamp time and longer duration of postoperative ventilation were associated with higher mortality. Longer cardiopulmonary bypass time, lower preoperative prothrombin activity and the increasing preoperative international normalized ratio before surgical repair were associated with a higher incidence of postoperative PVO. CONCLUSIONS Both sutureless and conventional repairs for patients with infracardiac TAPVC achieved favourable postoperative outcomes. There was no death in the sutureless repair group. Compared to conventional repair, sutureless repair was associated with lower mortality and lower incidence of restenosis in pulmonary veins and anastomosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rong Liufu
- Department of Cardiovascular Intensive Care Unit, Guangdong Cardiovascular Institute, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of South China Structural Heart Disease, Guangdong Provincial People's Hospital, Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences, Guangzhou, China
| | - Xiaobing Liu
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, Guangdong Cardiovascular Institute, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of South China Structural Heart Disease, Guangdong Provincial People's Hospital, Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences, Guangzhou, China
| | - Tao Liu
- Department of Biostatistics, Center for Statistical Sciences, Brown University School of Public Health, Providence, RI, USA
| | - Jimei Chen
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, Guangdong Cardiovascular Institute, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of South China Structural Heart Disease, Guangdong Provincial People's Hospital, Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences, Guangzhou, China
| | - Shusheng Wen
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, Guangdong Cardiovascular Institute, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of South China Structural Heart Disease, Guangdong Provincial People's Hospital, Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences, Guangzhou, China
| | - Jianzheng Cen
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, Guangdong Cardiovascular Institute, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of South China Structural Heart Disease, Guangdong Provincial People's Hospital, Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences, Guangzhou, China
| | - Jian Zhuang
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, Guangdong Cardiovascular Institute, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of South China Structural Heart Disease, Guangdong Provincial People's Hospital, Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences, Guangzhou, China
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Lacour-Gayet F. Re: Primary sutureless repair for infracardiac total anomalous pulmonary venous connection. Eur J Cardiothorac Surg 2021; 59:966-967. [PMID: 33537718 DOI: 10.1093/ejcts/ezab034] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/11/2021] [Accepted: 01/11/2021] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
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Matsuhisa H, Oshima Y, Higuma T, Matsushima S, Hasegawa S, Wada Y, Matsuoka M, Tanaka T. Computed tomography-based surgical strategy for total anomalous pulmonary venous connection. Eur J Cardiothorac Surg 2021; 58:237-245. [PMID: 32048709 DOI: 10.1093/ejcts/ezaa028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/18/2019] [Revised: 01/08/2020] [Accepted: 01/09/2020] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES We used computed tomographic angiography (CTA)-based surgical planning to clarify the anatomical indications of sutureless repair technique for total anomalous pulmonary venous connection. The mid-term impact of the current surgical strategies was evaluated. METHODS One hundred twelve patients underwent repair for total anomalous pulmonary venous connection. The study period was divided into era 1 (1996-2010, n = 56) and era 2 (2011-2018, n = 56). Patients with single ventricular heart (SVH) were included. In era 2, the indications for primary sutureless repair and branch pulmonary vein incision were based on CTA findings. RESULTS For patients with biventricular heart, the 5-year survival was 69% and 97% in eras 1 and 2, respectively (P = 0.0024). For patients with SVH, the 5-year survival was 21% and 70% in eras 1 and 2, respectively (P = 0.0007). During the follow-up period, the evidence of post-repair pulmonary vein stenosis (PVS) was observed in 12 patients with biventricular heart [era 1, 8 patients (23%); era 2, 4 patients (13%)], and 14 patients with SVH [era 1, 6 patients (60%); era 2, 8 patients (36%)]. Using multivariable analysis, preoperative CTA was associated with improved survival in both biventricular heart and SVH and associated with post-repair PVS-free survival in SVH. Since 2011, 12 patients with post-repair PVS underwent multiple reintervention with 1 recorded death (5-year survival: 88%). CONCLUSIONS CTA-based surgical strategy for total anomalous pulmonary venous connection provided significant survival benefit. Although post-repair PVS could occur in era 2, aggressive reintervention appeared to be associated with improved survival and vein patency.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hironori Matsuhisa
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, Kobe Children's Hospital, Kobe, Japan
| | - Yoshihiro Oshima
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, Kobe Children's Hospital, Kobe, Japan
| | - Tomonori Higuma
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, Kobe Children's Hospital, Kobe, Japan
| | | | - Shota Hasegawa
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, Kobe Children's Hospital, Kobe, Japan
| | - Yuson Wada
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, Kobe Children's Hospital, Kobe, Japan
| | - Michio Matsuoka
- Department of Cardiology, Kobe Children's Hospital, Kobe, Japan
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15
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Asai H, Shingu Y, Ikarashi J, Cao Y, Takeyoshi D, Arai Y, Ebuoka N, Tachibana T. Apex rotation as a risk factor for total anomalous pulmonary connection repair in single ventricle. J Card Surg 2021; 36:3078-3084. [PMID: 34080233 DOI: 10.1111/jocs.15717] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/29/2021] [Accepted: 05/17/2021] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The high incidence of postoperative pulmonary venous obstruction (PVO) is a major mortality-associated concern in patients with right atrial isomerism and extracardiac total anomalous pulmonary venous connection (TAPVC). We evaluated new anatomical risk factors for reducing the space behind the heart after TAPVC repair. METHODS Eighteen patients who underwent TAPVC repair between 2014 and 2020 were enrolled. Sutureless technique was used in 12 patients and conventional repair in six patients. The angle between the line perpendicular to the vertebral body and that from the vertebral body to the apex was defined as the "vertebral-apex angle (V-A angle)." The ratio of postoperative and preoperative angles, indicating the apex's lateral rotation, was compared between patients with and without PVO. RESULTS The median (interquartile range) age and body weight at repair were 102 (79-176) days and 3.8 (2.6-4.8) kg, respectively. The 1-year survival rate was 83% (median follow-up, 29 [11-36] months). PVO occurred in seven patients (39%), who showed an obstruction of one or two branches in the apex side. The postoperative V-A angle (46° [45°-50°] vs. 36° [29°-38°], p = 0.001) and the ratio of postoperative and preoperative V-A angles (1.27 [1.24-1.42] vs. 1.03 [0.98-1.07], p = 0.001) were significantly higher in the PVO group than in the non-PVO group. The cut-off values of the postoperative V-A angle and ratio were 41° and 1.17, respectively. CONCLUSION A postoperative rotation of the heart apex into the ipsilateral thorax was a risk factor for branch PVO after TAPVC repair.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hidetsugu Asai
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, Kanagawa Children's Medical Center, Yokohama, Japan
| | - Yasushige Shingu
- Department of Cardiovascular and Thoracic Surgery, Faculty of Medicine and Graduate School of Medicine, Hokkaido University, Sapporo, Japan
| | - Jin Ikarashi
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, Kanagawa Children's Medical Center, Yokohama, Japan
| | - Yuchen Cao
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, Kanagawa Children's Medical Center, Yokohama, Japan
| | - Daisuke Takeyoshi
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, Kanagawa Children's Medical Center, Yokohama, Japan
| | - Yosuke Arai
- Department of Cardiovascular and Thoracic Surgery, Hokkaido Medical Center For Child Health and Rehabilitation, Sapporo, Japan
| | - Noriyoshi Ebuoka
- Department of Cardiovascular and Thoracic Surgery, Hokkaido Medical Center For Child Health and Rehabilitation, Sapporo, Japan
| | - Tsuyoshi Tachibana
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, Kanagawa Children's Medical Center, Yokohama, Japan
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16
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Toh N, Akagi T, Kasahara S, Ito H. Evolution of echocardiography in adult congenital heart disease: from pulsed-wave Doppler to fusion imaging. J Echocardiogr 2021; 19:205-211. [PMID: 34047950 DOI: 10.1007/s12574-021-00533-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/23/2021] [Revised: 05/19/2021] [Accepted: 05/24/2021] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
Abstract
The number of patients with adult congenital heart disease (ACHD) has been dramatically increasing and adults with congenital heart disease now outnumber children with congenital heart disease. However, patients with ACHD are still at increased risk of morbidity and mortality due to residua and sequelae. Although echocardiography is an indispensable imaging modality in the comprehensive assessment of ACHD, accurate echocardiographic assessment of ACHD is challenging especially for physicians or sonographers who are not familiar with ACHD because of its complex morphology, physiology, and hemodynamics. A recently developed fusion imaging technology can provide synchronized display of real-time echocardiographic images and multiplanar reconstruction images of computed tomography or magnetic resonance imaging corresponding to the image plane of real-time echocardiography. We have reported the clinical utility of this fusion imaging technology for the precise evaluation of complex ACHD. On the other hand, conventional echocardiographic technology also plays an important role in assessing unique ACHD pathophysiology. For example, restrictive right ventricular physiology is a common finding after tetralogy of Fallot or pulmonary stenosis repair and can be evaluated by conventional pulsed-wave Doppler. In this review, we discuss the clinical usefulness of modern and conventional echocardiographic technologies for the evaluation of ACHD by presenting a case series.
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Affiliation(s)
- Norihisa Toh
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Adult Congenital Heart Disease Center, Okayama University Hospital, 2-5-1, Shikata-Cho, Kita-ku, Okayama City, Okayama, 700-8558, Japan.
| | - Teiji Akagi
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Adult Congenital Heart Disease Center, Okayama University Hospital, 2-5-1, Shikata-Cho, Kita-ku, Okayama City, Okayama, 700-8558, Japan
| | - Shingo Kasahara
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, Adult Congenital Heart Disease Center, Okayama University Hospital, Okayama, Japan
| | - Hiroshi Ito
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Adult Congenital Heart Disease Center, Okayama University Hospital, 2-5-1, Shikata-Cho, Kita-ku, Okayama City, Okayama, 700-8558, Japan
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17
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Spigel ZA, Edmunds EE, Caldarone CA, Hickey EJ, Binsalamah ZM, Heinle JS. Total anomalous pulmonary venous connection: Influence of heterotaxy and venous obstruction on outcomes. J Thorac Cardiovasc Surg 2021; 163:387-395.e3. [PMID: 33966882 DOI: 10.1016/j.jtcvs.2021.03.058] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/30/2020] [Revised: 03/06/2021] [Accepted: 03/08/2021] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Previous studies have demonstrated increased early mortality and pulmonary vein reintervention for patients with total anomalous pulmonary venous connection (TAPVC) and heterotaxy syndrome (HTX+) compared with patients with TAPVC without heterotaxy syndrome (HTX-). We aimed to evaluate the longitudinal risk of pulmonary vein reintervention and mortality in HTX + patients. METHODS A retrospective review was performed to identify longitudinal interventions in patients with TAPVC seen at a single center from 1995 to 2019. The mean cumulative interventions were described for all patients using the Nelson-Aalen estimator. Survival with TAPVC was described using Kaplan-Meier estimates. RESULTS A total of 336 patients were identified with TAPVC, of whom 118 (35%) had heterotaxy syndrome. Functional single ventricles were identified in 106 of these 118 HTX + patients (90%) and in 14 of 218 HTX- patients (6%) (P < .001). Obstructed TAPVC (OBS+) was present in 49 of 118 HTX + patients (42%) and in 87 of 218 HTX- patients (40%) (P = .89). The median duration of follow-up was 6.5 years. Five-year survival was 69% for HTX+/OBS + patients, 72% for HTX+/OBS- patients, 86% for HTX-/OBS + patients, and 95% for HTX-/OBS- patients (P < .0001, log-rank test). The mean number of pulmonary vein interventions at the median follow-up time was greater in the HTX+/OBS + patients compared with HTX+/OBS- patients (mean, 2.0 vs 1.1; P = .030), HTX-/OBS + patients (mean, 1.3; P = .033), and HTX-/OBS- patients (mean, 1.3; P = .029). CONCLUSIONS Among the 4 cohorts, HTX+ was associated with a higher rate of mortality, and HTX+/OBS+ was associated with a greater number of pulmonary vein interventions. This may be due in part to the high prevalence of single ventricle physiology in the HTX + cohort.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zachary A Spigel
- Division of Congenital Heart Surgery, Department of Surgery, Baylor College of Medicine and Texas Children's Hospital, Houston, Tex
| | - Evan E Edmunds
- Division of Congenital Heart Surgery, Department of Surgery, Baylor College of Medicine and Texas Children's Hospital, Houston, Tex
| | - Christopher A Caldarone
- Division of Congenital Heart Surgery, Department of Surgery, Baylor College of Medicine and Texas Children's Hospital, Houston, Tex
| | - Edward J Hickey
- Division of Congenital Heart Surgery, Department of Surgery, Baylor College of Medicine and Texas Children's Hospital, Houston, Tex
| | - Ziyad M Binsalamah
- Division of Congenital Heart Surgery, Department of Surgery, Baylor College of Medicine and Texas Children's Hospital, Houston, Tex
| | - Jeffrey S Heinle
- Division of Congenital Heart Surgery, Department of Surgery, Baylor College of Medicine and Texas Children's Hospital, Houston, Tex.
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18
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Sui R, Zi J, Li D, Li Q, Wang A. Early and Intermediate-Term Results for the Combined Superior Approach Correction of Supracardiac Total Anomalous Pulmonary Venous Connection in Neonatal Patients. Heart Lung Circ 2021; 30:1256-1262. [PMID: 33722488 DOI: 10.1016/j.hlc.2021.01.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/14/2020] [Revised: 01/15/2021] [Accepted: 01/29/2021] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND There are different surgical approaches used for repairing a supracardiac total anomalous pulmonary venous connection (TAPVC), with different results. This retrospective study evaluated the outcomes of surgical repair for supracardiac TAPVC through the combined superior approach in neonatal patients. METHODS Medical records were retrospectively reviewed and 21 neonates who underwent supracardiac TAPVC repair with the combined superior approach between July 2014 and January 2020 were identified. There were 13 males and eight females. RESULTS The patients' median age was 20.6±8.9 days (range, 3-27). The median weight was 3.1±0.39 kg (range, 2.5-3.7) The median aortic cross-clamp and cardiopulmonary bypass times were 49.3±19.5 minutes (range, 27-86) and 91.1±23.7 minutes (range, 57-146). They were two deaths during the intensive care unit stay. One (1) patient died 2 months after discharge, the other remaining patients had no pulmonary venous obstruction (PVO) at the 6-month and intermediate-term follow-ups. CONCLUSIONS The combined superior approach is a useful method for repair of neonatal critical supracardiac TAPVC. This technique may be more helpful in preventing early postoperative anastomotic stenosis and contribute to an improved patient outcome.
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Affiliation(s)
- Runqian Sui
- Shandong Provincial Hospital affiliated to Shandong First Medical University, Jinan, China
| | - Jie Zi
- Shandong Provincial Hospital affiliated to Shandong First Medical University, Jinan, China
| | - Decai Li
- Shandong Provincial Hospital affiliated to Shandong First Medical University, Jinan, China
| | - Qingbao Li
- Shandong Provincial Hospital affiliated to Shandong First Medical University, Jinan, China
| | - Anbiao Wang
- Shandong Provincial Hospital affiliated to Shandong First Medical University, Jinan, China.
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19
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Humpl T, Fineman J, Qureshi AM. The many faces and outcomes of pulmonary vein stenosis in early childhood. Pediatr Pulmonol 2021; 56:649-655. [PMID: 32506838 DOI: 10.1002/ppul.24848] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/23/2019] [Revised: 04/22/2020] [Accepted: 05/11/2020] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Abstract
Pulmonary vein stenosis is a rare and poorly understood condition causing obstruction of the large pulmonary veins and of blood flow from the lungs to the left atrium. This results in elevated pulmonary venous pressure and pulmonary edema, pulmonary hypertension, potentially cardiac failure, and death. Clinical signs of the disease include failure to thrive, increasingly severe dyspnea, hemoptysis, respiratory difficulty, recurrent respiratory tract infections/pneumonia, cyanosis, and subcostal retractions. On chest radiograph, the most frequent finding is increased interstitial, ground-glass and/or reticular opacity. Transthoracic echocardiography with pulsed Doppler delineates the stenosis, magnetic resonance imaging and multislice computerized tomography are used for further evaluation. Interventional cardiac catherization, surgical techniques, and medical therapies have been used with varying success as treatment options.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tilman Humpl
- Division of Pediatric Intensive Care, University Children's Hospital Berne, Inselspital, Berne, Switzerland
| | - Jeffrey Fineman
- Department of Pediatrics, Pediatric Critical Care University of California, San Francisco, California
| | - Athar M Qureshi
- The Lillie Frank Abercrombie Section of Cardiology, Texas Children's Hospital, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas
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20
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McLennan DI, Solano ECR, Handler SS, Lincoln J, Mitchell ME, Kirkpatrick EC. Pulmonary Vein Stenosis: Moving From Past Pessimism to Future Optimism. Front Pediatr 2021; 9:747812. [PMID: 34676188 PMCID: PMC8524035 DOI: 10.3389/fped.2021.747812] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/26/2021] [Accepted: 09/13/2021] [Indexed: 01/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Pulmonary Vein Stenosis (PVS) is a rare disease with a prevalence of around 1. 7 cases per 100,000 children under 2 years old. Treatment options for this disease have not provided great results and pathophysiology of this condition is still poorly understood. Here, we will review the history of PVS including diagnostic tools and treatments, the current management approach, and what the future holds for this devastating disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniel I McLennan
- Section of Pediatric Cardiology, Department of Pediatrics, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, WI, United States.,Herma Heart Institute, Children's Wisconsin, Milwaukee, WI, United States
| | - Elyan C Ruiz Solano
- Herma Heart Institute, Children's Wisconsin, Milwaukee, WI, United States.,Section of Cardiothoracic Surgery, Department of Surgery, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, WI, United States
| | - Stephanie S Handler
- Section of Pediatric Cardiology, Department of Pediatrics, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, WI, United States.,Herma Heart Institute, Children's Wisconsin, Milwaukee, WI, United States
| | - Joy Lincoln
- Section of Pediatric Cardiology, Department of Pediatrics, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, WI, United States.,Herma Heart Institute, Children's Wisconsin, Milwaukee, WI, United States
| | - Michael E Mitchell
- Herma Heart Institute, Children's Wisconsin, Milwaukee, WI, United States.,Section of Cardiothoracic Surgery, Department of Surgery, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, WI, United States
| | - Edward C Kirkpatrick
- Section of Pediatric Cardiology, Department of Pediatrics, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, WI, United States.,Herma Heart Institute, Children's Wisconsin, Milwaukee, WI, United States
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21
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Feng Z, Yang Y, He F, Pang K, Ma K, Zhang S, Qi L, Wang G, Mao F, Yuan J, Li S. Mid-term results of modified L-shaped incision technique for supracardiac total anomalous pulmonary venous connection. Eur J Cardiothorac Surg 2020; 58:1261-1268. [PMID: 32888293 DOI: 10.1093/ejcts/ezaa264] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/26/2020] [Revised: 06/09/2020] [Accepted: 06/17/2020] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Surgical outcomes of supracardiac total anomalous pulmonary venous connection (TAPVC) repair by the posterior technique (PT) remain unsatisfactory. This study aimed to compare the outcomes of the modified L-shaped incision technique with the PT for supracardiac TAPVC repair. METHODS From January 2009 to December 2019, 121 consecutive patients with supracardiac TAPVC undergoing surgical repair in our institution were included (L-group, n = 53; PT group, n = 68). A propensity score-matched analysis was performed. Patients with single-ventricle physiology or atrial isomerism were excluded. All clinical data were retrospectively analysed. RESULTS In the unmatched cohort, the median follow-up duration was 33 months (interquartile range 26-65 months). There were 5 operative mortalities (4.1%) and 12 late mortalities (9.9%). Postoperative pulmonary venous obstruction (PVO) was documented in 21 patients. After matching (52 pairs), the overall survival rate in the L-group was 88.2% at both 3 and 5 years. For the propensity score-matched patients with preoperative PVO (n = 20), statistically significant differences (P = 0.002) were found by Kaplan-Meier curves with freedom from death and postoperative PVO at 1 and 3 years of 100% and 85.7% [standard deviation (SD): 13.2%] in the L-group and 90% (SD: 9.5%) and 22.9% (SD: 14.1%) in the PT group, respectively. Multivariable analysis revealed that the use of the PT was an independent risk factor for death and postoperative PVO (hazard ratio 4.12, 95% confidence interval 1.12-15.16; P = 0.03). CONCLUSIONS The modified L-shaped incision technique provided an acceptable outcome for supracardiac TAPVC repair. Compared with PT, the modified L-shaped incision technique was significantly associated with decreased death and postoperative PVO in patients with obstructed supracardiac TAPVC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zicong Feng
- Paediatric Cardiac Surgery Centre, Fuwai Hospital, National Centre for Cardiovascular Diseases, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Yang Yang
- Paediatric Cardiac Surgery Centre, Fuwai Hospital, National Centre for Cardiovascular Diseases, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Fengpu He
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University College of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
| | - Kunjing Pang
- Paediatric Cardiac Surgery Centre, Fuwai Hospital, National Centre for Cardiovascular Diseases, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Kai Ma
- Paediatric Cardiac Surgery Centre, Fuwai Hospital, National Centre for Cardiovascular Diseases, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Sen Zhang
- Paediatric Cardiac Surgery Centre, Fuwai Hospital, National Centre for Cardiovascular Diseases, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Lei Qi
- Paediatric Cardiac Surgery Centre, Fuwai Hospital, National Centre for Cardiovascular Diseases, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Guanxi Wang
- Paediatric Cardiac Surgery Centre, Fuwai Hospital, National Centre for Cardiovascular Diseases, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Fengqun Mao
- Paediatric Cardiac Surgery Centre, Fuwai Hospital, National Centre for Cardiovascular Diseases, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Jianhui Yuan
- Paediatric Cardiac Surgery Centre, Fuwai Hospital, National Centre for Cardiovascular Diseases, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Shoujun Li
- Paediatric Cardiac Surgery Centre, Fuwai Hospital, National Centre for Cardiovascular Diseases, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
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22
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Surveillance of a Patient Born With Tetralogy of Fallot and Total Anomalous Pulmonary Venous Return With Recurrent Pulmonary Vein Stenosis: The Role of Echocardiography to Aid in Treatment Options. JOURNAL OF DIAGNOSTIC MEDICAL SONOGRAPHY 2020. [DOI: 10.1177/8756479320952070] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
Surveillance of patients with congenital heart disease is difficult in some clinical settings. This case study follows the progress of a patient, born with prenatally missed diagnoses of tetralogy of Fallot (TOF) and total anomalous pulmonary venous return (TAPVR), for over two years. The patient acquired pulmonary vein stenosis following initial TOF/TAPVR repair, which made the case an interesting longitudinal study. Multiple cardiac catheterizations for stents and balloon angioplasties of the pulmonary veins were necessary. This case study illustrates this patient’s success with treatment options such as chemotherapy medications, as well as the failure of each treatment. It was also important to note that the interval of time between each interventional treatment weighed heavily upon results of frequent echocardiograms.
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Kirkpatrick EC, Mitchell ME, Thilly WG, Cava J, Tomita-Mitchell A, Gostjeva EV. Use of Metformin in Pulmonary Vein Stenosis after TAPVR Repair. Glob Pediatr Health 2020; 7:2333794X20958924. [PMID: 33029553 PMCID: PMC7522838 DOI: 10.1177/2333794x20958924] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/02/2020] [Revised: 08/13/2020] [Accepted: 08/21/2020] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Edward C Kirkpatrick
- Children's Hospital of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, WI, USA.,Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, WI, USA
| | - Michael E Mitchell
- Children's Hospital of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, WI, USA.,Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, WI, USA
| | | | - Joseph Cava
- Children's Hospital of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, WI, USA.,Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, WI, USA
| | - Aoy Tomita-Mitchell
- Children's Hospital of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, WI, USA.,Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, WI, USA
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Shi G, Zhu F, Wen C, Qiu L, Zhang H, Zhu Z, Chen H. Single-institution outcomes of surgical repair of infracardiac total anomalous pulmonary venous connection. J Thorac Cardiovasc Surg 2020; 161:1408-1417.e2. [PMID: 32739162 DOI: 10.1016/j.jtcvs.2020.06.023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/14/2019] [Revised: 06/08/2020] [Accepted: 06/09/2020] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE This contemporary study sought to describe the outcomes of patients undergoing biventricular repair of infracardiac total anomalous pulmonary venous connection. METHODS A retrospective study was performed on patients with infracardiac total anomalous pulmonary venous connection who underwent sutureless technique or conventional repair between 2006 and 2018. Risk factors for survival and post-repair pulmonary vein stenosis (PVS) were assessed with Cox regression model. Time-to-event analysis was conducted using Kaplan-Meier estimates. RESULTS This study included 82 consecutive patients with the median age of 21 days (interquartile range, 9-40 days). The median follow-up was 29 months (interquartile range, 12.5-59 months) and was available in 95% of the survivors at the end of the study period in 2019. Overall, 8 deaths (8.5%) occurred in the conventional repair group. There was a trend of higher mortality in the conventional repair group, although it did not reach a statistical difference (P = .2). Postrepair PVS occurred at a median of 2 months (interquartile range, 1.2-3.6 months) postoperatively and all occurred in the conventional repair group. Time-to-event analysis with the event of postrepair PVS showed significantly higher freedom from restenosis in the sutureless technique group (P = .0004). Adjusted hazard ratios from time-dependent Cox model described the association between postrepair PVS and pulmonary venous confluence of antler configuration (hazard ratio, 2.14; 95% confidence interval, 1.03-5.47; P = .002) and the use of sutureless technique (hazard ratio, 0.72; 95% confidence interval, 0.39-0.97; P = .003). CONCLUSIONS Sutureless technique is associated with a lower risk of postrepair PVS in patients with infracardiac total anomalous pulmonary venous connection. pulmonary venous confluence configuration of antler appearance appears to be associated with restenosis and mortality.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guocheng Shi
- Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, Congenital Heart Center, Shanghai Children's Medical Center, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Fang Zhu
- Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, Congenital Heart Center, Shanghai Children's Medical Center, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Chen Wen
- Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, Congenital Heart Center, Shanghai Children's Medical Center, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Lisheng Qiu
- Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, Congenital Heart Center, Shanghai Children's Medical Center, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Haibo Zhang
- Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, Congenital Heart Center, Shanghai Children's Medical Center, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Zhongqun Zhu
- Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, Congenital Heart Center, Shanghai Children's Medical Center, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China.
| | - Huiwen Chen
- Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, Congenital Heart Center, Shanghai Children's Medical Center, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China.
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Incidence and treatment of pulmonary vein stenosis after repair of total anomalous pulmonary venous connection. TURK GOGUS KALP DAMAR CERRAHISI DERGISI-TURKISH JOURNAL OF THORACIC AND CARDIOVASCULAR SURGERY 2020; 27:471-477. [PMID: 32082912 DOI: 10.5606/tgkdc.dergisi.2019.17303] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/01/2018] [Accepted: 03/22/2019] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Background In this study, we aimed to investigate the incidence and treatment of pulmonary vein stenosis after repair of total anomalous pulmonary venous connection. Methods Between December 2010 and December 2016, a total of 40 patients (25 males, 15 females; mean age 45±41 days; range, 2 days to 6 months) who underwent total anomalous pulmonary venous connection repair were retrospectively analyzed. Results Eighteen (45%) of the patients were supracardiac, seven (17.5%) were cardiac, eight (20%) were infracardiac, and seven (17.5%) were mixed-type anomaly. Twelve patients (30%) had obstruction of the pulmonary venous pathways. Hospital mortality was seen in three patients (7.5%). All of non-survivors received emergent surgery and the causes of death were sepsis and multiple organ failure. A total of 23 complications were seen in 20 patients (50%) mainly delayed sternal closure (n=11; 27.5%) and prolonged mechanical ventilation (n=6; 15%). The mean follow-up was 12.2±9.6 (range, 1 to 36) months in all patients, except one. Pulmonary vein stenosis developed in three patients (8.3%) after repair. All of them underwent sutureless repair. Conclusion Total anomalous pulmonary venous connection can be repaired with low mortality and morbidity rates and favorable mid-term outcomes. Close follow-up is necessary due to the risk of development of pulmonary vein stenosis. Sutureless repair may provide relief in such cases.
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26
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Al-Radi OO, Elmahrouk A, Ismail M, Helal A, Hamouda T. Total anomalous pulmonary venous drainage repair: the effect of anatomical type and pulmonary vein stenosis on outcomes. THE CARDIOTHORACIC SURGEON 2020. [DOI: 10.1186/s43057-020-0016-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
Abstract
Background
Surgical repair of total anomalous venous drainage (TAPVD) is lifesaving. The operative mortality is reported between 4 and 35%. Anatomical type, obstructed presentation, associated single ventricle, and heterotaxy syndromes are thought to influence short- and long-term outcomes. The effect of simple versus sutureless repair for primary surgery is unclear. This study reports the outcomes of the surgical repair and the effect of these variables in a contemporary setting.
Results
Between 2011 and 2019, all patients undergoing surgical repair for TAPVD were included. Operative mortality, length of hospital stay, and long-term survival were reported. The effect of anatomical type, surgical technique, obstruction, and associated lesions was assessed. Pearson’s test, Wilcoxson’s test, and generalized linear regression with Poisson distribution were used.
Forty-nine patients from two centers underwent TAPVD repair. The operative mortality was 4%. Postoperative pulmonary vein stenosis occurred in three patients, and reoperation was done in one patient. Survival free from reoperation was 98%, 98%, and 90% at 1, 24, and 60 months in the absence of pulmonary vein stenosis. However, all three patients who developed pulmonary vein stenosis died, at 0.5, 2.7, and 6.3 months of follow-up, respectively. We were unable to detect a significant effect of anatomical type, preoperative obstruction, associated single ventricle, or heterodoxy syndrome on operative mortality or long-term freedom from death or reoperation. Patients who presented with obstruction and infracardiac or supracardiac TAPVD had longer hospital stay.
Conclusion
TAPVD repair outcomes are excellent except for patients who develop postoperative pulmonary venous stenosis. Anatomical type, obstructed presentation, associated single ventricle, or heterotaxy are not significant predictors of survival.
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27
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Kai L, Xiaoyang Z, Jinghao Z, Zhongqun Z, Qi S, Xiaomin H, Zhiwei X, Jinfen L. Outcomes of Reinterventions for Children with Postoperative Pulmonary Venous Restenosis. Pediatr Cardiol 2019; 40:965-972. [PMID: 30937500 DOI: 10.1007/s00246-019-02098-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/05/2019] [Accepted: 03/23/2019] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
Abstract
This report aims to summarize and evaluate the efficacy and experience of reintervention for children with postoperative pulmonary venous restenosis. Clinical data from 61 patients with postoperative pulmonary venous restenosis who underwent reintervention at Shanghai Children's Medical Center (SCMC) from September 2009 to June 2018 were retrospectively analyzed. The patients comprised 38 boys and 23 girls, with a mean age of 15.4 ± 12.6 months (2-83 months) and a mean weight of 8.1 ± 3.4 kg (3.7-18.5 kg). The mean pulmonary venous velocity was 2.31 ± 0.47 m/s (1.86-3.22 m/s). Primary disease included 48 cases of total anomalous pulmonary venous drainage, nine cases of partial anomalous pulmonary venous drainage, and four cases of primary pulmonary venous stenosis. The reintervention procedures included 34 cases using the sutureless technique, ten cases using bovine pericardium enlargement, three cases using blunt enlargement, four cases of balloon dilatation, one case using stent implantation and nine cases involving more than two surgical methods. The early postoperative pulmonary venous velocity was 1.16 ± 0.20 m/s. There were five in-hospital deaths, resulting in a mortality rate of 8.2%. Fifty-six survivors were followed for 52.8 ± 46.5 months (6-103 months) with no delayed deaths. Echocardiography showed pulmonary venous anastomosis and diameter growth after reintervention, exhibiting a mean growth speed of 0.026 ± 0.013 cm/month (p < 0.05) and a mean velocity of 1.24 ± 0.26 m/s; five patients experienced varying degrees of pulmonary venous obstruction (> 1.6 m/s), but did not require reoperation. Postoperative pulmonary venous restenosis is a common complication after surgery for pulmonary venous malformations. Reintervention should be performed in the early period of pulmonary venous obstruction. Growth of pulmonary venous anastomoses was observed after performing the sutureless technique, bovine pericardium enlargement and blunt enlargement. Although balloon dilatation has a good effect in the early postoperative period, its restenosis rate is high, and strict mid- to long-term follow-up is needed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Luo Kai
- Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, School of Medicine, Heart Center, Shanghai Children's Medical Center, Shanghai Jiaotong University, Dongfang Road 1678, Shanghai, China
| | - Zhang Xiaoyang
- Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, School of Medicine, Heart Center, Shanghai Children's Medical Center, Shanghai Jiaotong University, Dongfang Road 1678, Shanghai, China
| | - Zheng Jinghao
- Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, School of Medicine, Heart Center, Shanghai Children's Medical Center, Shanghai Jiaotong University, Dongfang Road 1678, Shanghai, China.
| | - Zhu Zhongqun
- Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, School of Medicine, Heart Center, Shanghai Children's Medical Center, Shanghai Jiaotong University, Dongfang Road 1678, Shanghai, China
| | - Sun Qi
- Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, School of Medicine, Heart Center, Shanghai Children's Medical Center, Shanghai Jiaotong University, Dongfang Road 1678, Shanghai, China
| | - He Xiaomin
- Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, School of Medicine, Heart Center, Shanghai Children's Medical Center, Shanghai Jiaotong University, Dongfang Road 1678, Shanghai, China
| | - Xu Zhiwei
- Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, School of Medicine, Heart Center, Shanghai Children's Medical Center, Shanghai Jiaotong University, Dongfang Road 1678, Shanghai, China
| | - Liu Jinfen
- Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, School of Medicine, Heart Center, Shanghai Children's Medical Center, Shanghai Jiaotong University, Dongfang Road 1678, Shanghai, China
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Wu Y, Xin L, Zhou Y, Kuang H, Jin X, Li Y, Wu C. Is Sutureless Technique Beneficial in the Primary Repair of Total Anomalous Pulmonary Venous Connection? A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis. Pediatr Cardiol 2019; 40:881-891. [PMID: 30196381 DOI: 10.1007/s00246-018-1948-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/17/2018] [Accepted: 08/03/2018] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
A meta-analysis was performed for a comparison of outcomes between sutureless technique and conventional surgery for primary repair for total anomalous pulmonary venous connection (TAPVC). Electronic databases including PubMed, EMbase, Scopus, and Cochrane Library were searched systematically for the single-arm studies regarding sutureless repair or conventional surgery, and two-arm studies compared the outcomes of sutureless repair and conventional surgery for TAPVC. Corresponding data were extracted and the methodological quality was assessed by two reviewers independently. 26 studies were included, involving a total of 2702 patients. It was observed that compared with conventional surgery, sutureless technique was associated with a lower occurrence rate of post-operative pulmonary veins obstruction (PVO) (4.6% vs. 13.5%, OR 0.54 in favor of sutureless technique) and re-operations due to PVO (3.4% vs. 12.4%, 0.25 in favor of sutureless technique). However, meta-analyses of post-operative early (OR 0.57; 95% CI 0.27-1.19; P = 0.13), late (OR 0.37; 95% CI 0.13-1.06; P = 0.13), and overall (OR 0.61; 95% CI 0.36-1.03; P = 0.07) mortality showed no significant difference between sutureless technique and conventional surgery. Compared with conventional surgery, sutureless technique was associated with a lower occurrence rate of post-operative PVO and re-operations due to PVO. Meanwhile, post-operative early, late, and overall mortality were not statistically different between two surgical approaches. Sutureless technique is beneficial in the primary repair of TAPVC regarding post-operative PVO and re-operations due to PVO. However, the level of evidence was low and randomized controlled trials should be designed to evaluate the safety and effectiveness of sutureless technique for TAPVC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuhao Wu
- Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, Children's Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, No. 136 Zhongshan Second Road, Yuzhong District, Chongqing, 400014, China.,Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Child Development and Disorders, Chongqing, 400014, China.,China International Science and Technology Cooperation Base of Child Development and Critical Disorders, Chongqing, 400014, China.,Chongqing Key Laboratory of Pediatrics, Chongqing, 400014, China
| | - Liangjing Xin
- Department of Orthodontics, Stomatological hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, 400014, China
| | - Yuehang Zhou
- Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, Children's Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, No. 136 Zhongshan Second Road, Yuzhong District, Chongqing, 400014, China.,Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Child Development and Disorders, Chongqing, 400014, China.,China International Science and Technology Cooperation Base of Child Development and Critical Disorders, Chongqing, 400014, China.,Chongqing Key Laboratory of Pediatrics, Chongqing, 400014, China
| | - Hongyu Kuang
- Department of Cardiology, Children's Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, 400014, China.,Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Child Development and Disorders, Chongqing, 400014, China.,China International Science and Technology Cooperation Base of Child Development and Critical Disorders, Chongqing, 400014, China.,Chongqing Key Laboratory of Pediatrics, Chongqing, 400014, China
| | - Xin Jin
- Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, Children's Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, No. 136 Zhongshan Second Road, Yuzhong District, Chongqing, 400014, China.,Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Child Development and Disorders, Chongqing, 400014, China.,China International Science and Technology Cooperation Base of Child Development and Critical Disorders, Chongqing, 400014, China.,Chongqing Key Laboratory of Pediatrics, Chongqing, 400014, China
| | - Yonggang Li
- Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, Children's Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, No. 136 Zhongshan Second Road, Yuzhong District, Chongqing, 400014, China.,Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Child Development and Disorders, Chongqing, 400014, China.,China International Science and Technology Cooperation Base of Child Development and Critical Disorders, Chongqing, 400014, China.,Chongqing Key Laboratory of Pediatrics, Chongqing, 400014, China
| | - Chun Wu
- Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, Children's Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, No. 136 Zhongshan Second Road, Yuzhong District, Chongqing, 400014, China. .,Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Child Development and Disorders, Chongqing, 400014, China. .,China International Science and Technology Cooperation Base of Child Development and Critical Disorders, Chongqing, 400014, China. .,Chongqing Key Laboratory of Pediatrics, Chongqing, 400014, China.
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29
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Khan A, Qureshi AM, Justino H. Comparison of drug eluting versus bare metal stents for pulmonary vein stenosis in childhood. Catheter Cardiovasc Interv 2019; 94:233-242. [DOI: 10.1002/ccd.28328] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/20/2018] [Revised: 04/08/2019] [Accepted: 04/24/2019] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Asra Khan
- Charles E. Mullins Cardiac Catheterization LaboratoriesLillie Frank Abercrombie Section of Pediatric Cardiology, Texas Children's Hospital, Baylor College of Medicine Houston Texas
| | - Athar M. Qureshi
- Charles E. Mullins Cardiac Catheterization LaboratoriesLillie Frank Abercrombie Section of Pediatric Cardiology, Texas Children's Hospital, Baylor College of Medicine Houston Texas
| | - Henri Justino
- Charles E. Mullins Cardiac Catheterization LaboratoriesLillie Frank Abercrombie Section of Pediatric Cardiology, Texas Children's Hospital, Baylor College of Medicine Houston Texas
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30
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Zhu Y, Qi H, Jin Y. Comparison of conventional and primary sutureless surgery for repairing supracardiac total anomalous pulmonary venous drainage. J Cardiothorac Surg 2019; 14:34. [PMID: 30736816 PMCID: PMC6368785 DOI: 10.1186/s13019-019-0853-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/04/2018] [Accepted: 02/03/2019] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Objective The efficacy of using a sutureless approach in order to surgically manage postoperative pulmonary vein stenosis following total anomalous pulmonary venous drainage (TAPVD) has been reported, though outcomes of primary treatment of supracardiac TAPVD remain unclear. We retrospectively reviewed our cardiac center experience, and compared the differences in mid-term outcomes for those patients that received conventional surgery and those that underwent sutureless technique for the primary repair of supracardiac TAPVD. Methods A total of 43 patients (median age, 199 days; range, 35 days to 1572 days) with supracardiac TAPVD underwent surgical treatment at our cardiac center from 2014 to 2018 were studied retrospectively. Primary sutureless repair was conducted in 20 cases (46.5%). The pulmonary vein scores, left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF), baseline of the included patients, postoperative, and outcomes data were analyzed between the two groups. Results The pulmonary vein scores, indicating the stenosis degree, of two groups were 0.1 ± 0.3 and 0.1 ± 0.3, left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF) (%) were separately 66.2 ± 12.1 and 67.1 ± 13.6. The average cardiopulmonary bypass time of sutureless techniques group was much longer than conventional group (96.2 ± 32.6 min vs 75.6 ± 28.2 min, P < 0.05), but there was no difference in aortic cross-clamp time between the two groups. Followed up from 0.1 to 4 years, 3 cases died overall, with 1 (5.0%) individual dying from postoperative pulmonary venous obstruction (PVO) in sutureless group, and 2 (8.6%) dying in the conventional group respectively for postoperative infection and post-PVO. There were no differences in the length of stay in the ICU, grades of PVS after surgery, LVEF and reoperation rate between the two groups. Conclusions The mortality, post-PVO, follow up results of supracadiac TAPVD showed no differences between sutureless and conventional techniques. Post-PVO supposed to be the main reason for postoperative mortality.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yongfeng Zhu
- Department of Cardiovascular surgery, Zhengzhou Cardiovascular Hospital, Henan cardiovascular disease hospital affiliated to Southern Medical University, Zhengzhou No.7 People's Hospital, Zhengzhou, 450000, China
| | - Hewen Qi
- Department of Cardiovascular surgery, Tangshan Workers' Hospital, Tangshan, 063000, Hebei, China
| | - Yunzhou Jin
- Department of Cardiovascular surgery, Chongqing Three Gorges Central Hospital, Chongqing, 404000, China.
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31
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Kim H, Sung SC, Choi KH, Lee HD, Kim G, Ko H. Primary Sutureless Repair of Total Anomalous Pulmonary Venous Connection: Suture-and-Open Technique. Ann Thorac Surg 2018; 106:e273-e276. [DOI: 10.1016/j.athoracsur.2018.05.026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/29/2018] [Revised: 05/11/2018] [Accepted: 05/11/2018] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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32
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Agematsu K, Okamura T, Takiguchi Y, Harada Y. Pulmonary vein obstruction after primary sutureless pericardial repair of a total anomalous pulmonary venous connection. Interact Cardiovasc Thorac Surg 2018; 27:624-625. [PMID: 29618066 DOI: 10.1093/icvts/ivy096] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/10/2018] [Accepted: 03/04/2018] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Total anomalous pulmonary venous connection is a rare congenital heart disease. The development of pulmonary venous obstruction is one of the major risk factors for poor outcomes after surgical repair. Sutureless pericardial repair for a total anomalous pulmonary venous connection was introduced to decrease the risk of pulmonary venous obstruction after surgical repair, and favourable outcomes have been reported. Herein, we report the case of an infant with a total anomalous pulmonary venous connection who developed pulmonary venous obstruction after primary sutureless pericardial repair.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kota Agematsu
- Division of Cardiac Surgery, Nagano Children's Hospital, Nagano, Japan
| | - Toru Okamura
- Division of Cardiac Surgery, Nagano Children's Hospital, Nagano, Japan
| | - Yoji Takiguchi
- Division of Cardiac Surgery, Nagano Children's Hospital, Nagano, Japan
| | - Yorikazu Harada
- Division of Cardiac Surgery, Nagano Children's Hospital, Nagano, Japan
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33
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DiLorenzo MP, Santo A, Rome JJ, Zhang H, Faerber JA, Mercer-Rosa L, Hopper RK. Pulmonary Vein Stenosis: Outcomes in Children With Congenital Heart Disease and Prematurity. Semin Thorac Cardiovasc Surg 2018; 31:266-273. [PMID: 30278272 DOI: 10.1053/j.semtcvs.2018.09.027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/19/2018] [Accepted: 09/26/2018] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
Pulmonary vein stenosis (PVS) is a rare condition that has been linked to prematurity and congenital heart disease (CHD). Despite these associations, treatment options are limited and outcomes are guarded. We investigated differences in PVS outcomes based on the presence of CHD and prematurity, and risk factors for mortality or lung transplantation in PVS. Single-center retrospective cohort study of patients diagnosed with PVS between January 2005 and May 2016 and identified by ICD codes with chart validation. Cox proportional hazard models assessed risk factors for the composite outcome of mortality or lung transplantation. Ninety-three patients with PVS were identified: 65 (70%) had significant CHD, 32 (34%) were premature, and 14 (15%) were premature with CHD. Sixty-five (70%) underwent a PVS intervention and 42 (46%) underwent ≥2 interventions. Twenty-five subjects (27%) died or underwent lung transplant 5.8 months (interquartile range [IQR] 1.1, 15.3) after diagnosis. There was no difference in age at diagnosis or mortality based on presence of CHD or prematurity. PVS diagnosis before age 6 months and greater than 1 pulmonary vein affected at diagnosis were associated with higher mortality (hazards ratio [HR] 3.4 (95% confidence interval 1.5, 7.5), P = 0.003, and HR 2.1 per additional vein affected (95% confidence interval 1.3, 3.4), P = 0.004, respectively). Survival in children with PVS is poor, independent of underlying CHD or prematurity. Younger age and greater number of veins affected at diagnosis are risk factors for worse outcome. Understanding causal mechanisms and development of treatment strategies are necessary to improve outcomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michael P DiLorenzo
- Division of Pediatric Cardiology, Department of Pediatrics, The Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania; Division of Pediatric Cardiology, Department of Pediatrics, NewYork-Presbyterian/Morgan Stanley Children's Hospital, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, New York.
| | - Ashley Santo
- Division of Pediatric Cardiology, Department of Pediatrics, The Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
| | - Jonathan J Rome
- Division of Pediatric Cardiology, Department of Pediatrics, The Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
| | - Huayan Zhang
- Division of Neonatology, Department of Pediatrics, The Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
| | - Jennifer A Faerber
- Department of Pediatrics, The Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
| | - Laura Mercer-Rosa
- Division of Pediatric Cardiology, Department of Pediatrics, The Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
| | - Rachel K Hopper
- Division of Pediatric Cardiology, Department of Pediatrics, The Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania; Department of Pediatrics, Stanford University School of Medicine, Palo Alto, California
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34
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Wu Y, Wu Z, Zheng J, Li Y, Zhou Y, Kuang H, Jin X, Wu C. Sutureless technique versus conventional surgery in the primary treatment of total anomalous pulmonary venous connection: a systematic review and meta-analysis. J Cardiothorac Surg 2018; 13:69. [PMID: 29907127 PMCID: PMC6003069 DOI: 10.1186/s13019-018-0756-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/15/2018] [Accepted: 06/01/2018] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Backgroud A meta-analysis was performed to compare the differences in outcomes between sutureless technique and conventional surgery for primary repair of Total Anomalous Pulmonary Venous Connection(TAPVC). Methods Electronic databases, including PubMed, EMbase, Medline, CNKI, Wanfang Data and Weipu Data were searched systematically for the literature aimed mainly at comparing the therapeutic effects for primary repair of TAPVC administered by sutureless technique and conventional surgery. Corresponding data sets were extracted and two reviewers independently assessed the methodological quality. Results Seven studies meeting the inclusion criteria were included, involving a total of 1293 subjects. It was observed that sutureless technique entailed a lower occurrence rate of post-operative Pulmonary Veins Obstruction (PVO) (OR, 0.52 95%CI, 0.32–0.86; P = 0.01) and re-operation due to PVO (OR, 0.28;95%CI, 0.09–0.87; P = 0.03). However, meta-analyses of hospitalization time (WMD, 5.92; 95%CI, − 7.97-19.80; P = 0.40) and post-operative mortality (OR, 0.65; 95%CI, 0.41–1.04; P = 0.07) showed no significant differences between sutureless technique and conventional surgery. Meta-analysis of Cardiopulmonary Bypass (CPB) time and aortic cross-clamp time also showed no significant differences between the two surgical approaches (WMD, 5.07; 95%CI, − 9.29-19.42; P = 0.49); (WMD, 5.73; 95%CI, − 7.76-19.23; P = 0.40), but the result remained inconclusive due to pooling result changes after sensitivity analysis. Conclusions Compared with conventional surgery, a lower occurrence rate of post-operative PVO and re-operation due to PVO were associated with sutureless technique. Meanwhile, hospitalization time and post-operative mortality were not statistically different between the two surgical approaches. Pooling result of CPB and aortic cross-clamp time between the two groups remained inconclusive.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuhao Wu
- Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, Children's Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, No.136 Zhongshan Second Road, Yuzhong District, Chongqing, 400014, China.,Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Child Development and Disorders, Chongqing, 400014, China.,China International Science and Technology Cooperation Base of Child Development and Critical Disorders, Chongqing, 400014, China.,Chongqing Key Laboratory of Pediatrics, Chongqing, 400014, China
| | - Zhichao Wu
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, Sun Yat-Sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, No.107 Yanjiang West Road, Yuexiu District, Guangzhou, 510120, China
| | - Junmeng Zheng
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, Sun Yat-Sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, No.107 Yanjiang West Road, Yuexiu District, Guangzhou, 510120, China.
| | - Yonggang Li
- Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, Children's Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, No.136 Zhongshan Second Road, Yuzhong District, Chongqing, 400014, China.,Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Child Development and Disorders, Chongqing, 400014, China.,China International Science and Technology Cooperation Base of Child Development and Critical Disorders, Chongqing, 400014, China.,Chongqing Key Laboratory of Pediatrics, Chongqing, 400014, China
| | - Yuehang Zhou
- Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, Children's Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, No.136 Zhongshan Second Road, Yuzhong District, Chongqing, 400014, China.,Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Child Development and Disorders, Chongqing, 400014, China.,China International Science and Technology Cooperation Base of Child Development and Critical Disorders, Chongqing, 400014, China.,Chongqing Key Laboratory of Pediatrics, Chongqing, 400014, China
| | - Hongyu Kuang
- Department of Cardiology, Children's Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, 400014, China.,Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Child Development and Disorders, Chongqing, 400014, China.,China International Science and Technology Cooperation Base of Child Development and Critical Disorders, Chongqing, 400014, China.,Chongqing Key Laboratory of Pediatrics, Chongqing, 400014, China
| | - Xin Jin
- Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, Children's Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, No.136 Zhongshan Second Road, Yuzhong District, Chongqing, 400014, China.,Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Child Development and Disorders, Chongqing, 400014, China.,China International Science and Technology Cooperation Base of Child Development and Critical Disorders, Chongqing, 400014, China.,Chongqing Key Laboratory of Pediatrics, Chongqing, 400014, China
| | - Chun Wu
- Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, Children's Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, No.136 Zhongshan Second Road, Yuzhong District, Chongqing, 400014, China. .,Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Child Development and Disorders, Chongqing, 400014, China. .,China International Science and Technology Cooperation Base of Child Development and Critical Disorders, Chongqing, 400014, China. .,Chongqing Key Laboratory of Pediatrics, Chongqing, 400014, China.
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35
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Liufu R, Shi G, Zhu F, Guan Y, Lu Z, Chen W, Zhu Z, Chen H. Superior Approach for Supracardiac Total Anomalous Pulmonary Venous Connection. Ann Thorac Surg 2018; 105:1429-1435. [DOI: 10.1016/j.athoracsur.2018.01.039] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/22/2017] [Revised: 01/11/2018] [Accepted: 01/15/2017] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
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Sughimoto K, Miyaji K, Oka N, Torii S, Kitamura T. Conventional repair of total anomalous venous drainage without primary sutureless technique: surgical tips to prevent pulmonary vein obstruction. Gen Thorac Cardiovasc Surg 2018; 66:405-410. [PMID: 29700770 DOI: 10.1007/s11748-018-0921-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/17/2017] [Accepted: 04/04/2018] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Although primary sutureless technique for total anomalous pulmonary venous drainage has been introduced to reduce postoperative pulmonary vein obstruction (PVO), controversy still exists about superiority of the procedure between the conventional repair and primary sutureless technique at the initial repair. In our unit, the conventional repair has been consistently used based on four important surgical policies: (1) mark incision lines between 2 chambers to gain anatomically natural alignment, (2) place precise stitches by "intima-to-intima" using monofilament suture, (3) adequate orifice size should be guaranteed in greater than expected mitral valve size, (4) do not hesitate to undertake a redo additional anastomosis by a different approach when an echocardiography shows the velocity more than 1.5 m/s. This study aims to evaluate mid-term outcome of the conventional repair for total anomalous pulmonary venous drainage. METHODS Between 2004 and 2016, consecutive 15 patients who underwent the conventional repair without the primary sutureless technique were included in this study. Survival, Freedom from reoperation, and PVO were retrospectively reviewed. RESULTS Mean follow-up period was 4.6 ± 3.7 years. Except for one patient who died of uncontrollable pleural effusion, all other patients survived with 5-year survival rate of 93.3%. For the 14 survivors, there was no PVO, nor reoperation. CONCLUSIONS Following these policies, the mid-term outcome of the conventional total anomalous pulmonary venous drainage repair was excellent without the primary sutureless technique showing no obstruction. The conventional repair can be safely applied at the initial operation when the morphological condition allows for it.
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Affiliation(s)
- Koichi Sughimoto
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, Kitasato University School of Medicine, 1-15-1, Kitasato, Minami-ward, Sagamihara, Japan.
- Division of Pediatric Cardiothoracic Surgery, British Columbia Children's Hospital, 4480 Oak Street, Vancouver, Canada.
| | - Kagami Miyaji
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, Kitasato University School of Medicine, 1-15-1, Kitasato, Minami-ward, Sagamihara, Japan
| | - Norihiko Oka
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, Kitasato University School of Medicine, 1-15-1, Kitasato, Minami-ward, Sagamihara, Japan
| | - Shinzo Torii
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, Kitasato University School of Medicine, 1-15-1, Kitasato, Minami-ward, Sagamihara, Japan
| | - Tadashi Kitamura
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, Kitasato University School of Medicine, 1-15-1, Kitasato, Minami-ward, Sagamihara, Japan
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37
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Long-Term Outcomes of Total Anomalous Pulmonary Venous Drainage Repair in Neonates and Infants. Ann Thorac Surg 2018; 105:1232-1238. [DOI: 10.1016/j.athoracsur.2017.10.048] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/11/2017] [Revised: 10/07/2017] [Accepted: 10/20/2017] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
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38
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Vanderlaan RD, Caldarone CA. Surgical Approaches to Total Anomalous Pulmonary Venous Connection. Semin Thorac Cardiovasc Surg Pediatr Card Surg Annu 2018; 21:83-91. [PMID: 29425529 DOI: 10.1053/j.pcsu.2017.11.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/16/2017] [Accepted: 11/14/2017] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
Total anomalous pulmonary venous connection (TAPVC) constitutes a spectrum of congenital lesions whereby the pulmonary veins remain connected to systemic venous vessels or aberrantly connect to the right atrium. Definitive management requires surgical intervention and, in patients with obstruction to pulmonary venous flow, urgent operation is required. Use of temporizing catheter-based interventions allow for optimization in hemodynamically unstable neonates. Overall, survival has significantly improved over the past decades through better perioperative management and evolution of surgical approaches to minimize post-repair pulmonary vein stenosis, which persists as a major determinant of long-term outcomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rachel D Vanderlaan
- University of Toronto, Division of Cardiac Surgery, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
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39
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Tremblay C, Yoo SJ, Mertens L, Seed M, Jacques F, Slorach C, Vanderlaan R, Greenway S, Caldarone C, Coles J, Grosse-Wortmann L. Sutureless Versus Conventional Pulmonary Vein Repair: A Magnetic Resonance Pilot Study. Ann Thorac Surg 2018; 105:1248-1254. [PMID: 29482852 DOI: 10.1016/j.athoracsur.2017.11.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/09/2017] [Revised: 11/02/2017] [Accepted: 11/06/2017] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Two different surgical techniques are used to repair anomalous pulmonary venous connection or pulmonary vein (PV) stenosis: the classic repair (CR) and the sutureless repair (SR). The purpose of this study was to compare the prevalence of PV stenosis between the two surgical approaches. METHODS Patients were prospectively recruited irrespective of symptoms or previous imaging findings. Cardiac magnetic resonance imaging and echocardiography were performed in a blinded fashion on the same day. RESULTS Twenty-five patients (13 male) after PV repair completed the study. Twelve patients had undergone CR and 13 SR (in 1 patient as a reoperation after CR). The median age at operation was 2 months (range: 1 day to 5 years) and was similar for both groups; the median age at the time of cardiac magnetic resonance was 9 years (range: 6 to 17 years) and 9 years (range: 6 to 14 years) for the CR and SR, respectively. Four patients had PV stenosis. All 4 patients had had total anomalous pulmonary venous connection, 1 patient had undergone repair with the CR and 2 with a primary SR; 1 patient had first undergone a CR, followed by a SR for stenosis. Echocardiography provided complete visualization of all PVs in only 11 patients (44%). Notable stenosis of at least one PV was missed by echocardiography in 2 patients. CONCLUSIONS This pilot study indicates that not only CR but also SR may be burdened by a risk of postoperative PV stenosis. Magnetic resonance imaging should be used routinely for the postoperative monitoring for the development of PV obstruction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cornelia Tremblay
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Pediatrics, The Hospital for Sick Children, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Shi-Joon Yoo
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Pediatrics, The Hospital for Sick Children, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada; Department of Diagnostic Imaging, The Hospital for Sick Children, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Luc Mertens
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Pediatrics, The Hospital for Sick Children, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Mike Seed
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Pediatrics, The Hospital for Sick Children, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada; Department of Diagnostic Imaging, The Hospital for Sick Children, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Frederic Jacques
- Division of Cardiovascular Surgery, Department of Surgery, The Hospital for Sick Children, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Cameron Slorach
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Pediatrics, The Hospital for Sick Children, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Rachel Vanderlaan
- Division of Cardiovascular Surgery, Department of Surgery, The Hospital for Sick Children, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Steven Greenway
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Pediatrics, The Hospital for Sick Children, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Christopher Caldarone
- Division of Cardiovascular Surgery, Department of Surgery, The Hospital for Sick Children, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - John Coles
- Division of Cardiovascular Surgery, Department of Surgery, The Hospital for Sick Children, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Lars Grosse-Wortmann
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Pediatrics, The Hospital for Sick Children, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada; Department of Diagnostic Imaging, The Hospital for Sick Children, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada.
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Menon S, Mathew T, Karunakaran J, Dharan BS. Modified closed chamber sutureless technique for anomalous pulmonary venous connection. Ann Pediatr Cardiol 2017; 10:58-60. [PMID: 28163429 PMCID: PMC5241846 DOI: 10.4103/0974-2069.197066] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Visibility continues to be a major problem during repair of obstructed total anomalous pulmonary venous connection (TAPVC) resulting in frequent use of deep hypothermia and low flow bypass. Sutureless technique for primary repair of anomalous pulmonary venous connection is fast becoming popular. In this described modification of sutureless technique through the lateral approach, the left atrium is marsupialized around the common pulmonary venous chamber, except on the right lateral aspect, providing a bloodless field with minimal retraction of heart facilitating the surgery at mild hypothermia. This technique can be particularly useful in small confluence obstructed TAPVC and in mixed TAPVC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sabarinath Menon
- Department of Cardiovascular and Thoracic Surgery, Sree Chitra Tirunal Institute for Medical Sciences and Technology, Medical College Post, Thiruvanathapuram, Kerala, India
| | - Thomas Mathew
- Department of Cardiovascular and Thoracic Surgery, Sree Chitra Tirunal Institute for Medical Sciences and Technology, Medical College Post, Thiruvanathapuram, Kerala, India
| | - Jayakumar Karunakaran
- Department of Cardiovascular and Thoracic Surgery, Sree Chitra Tirunal Institute for Medical Sciences and Technology, Medical College Post, Thiruvanathapuram, Kerala, India
| | - Baiju Sashidhar Dharan
- Department of Cardiovascular and Thoracic Surgery, Sree Chitra Tirunal Institute for Medical Sciences and Technology, Medical College Post, Thiruvanathapuram, Kerala, India
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Shi G, Zhu Z, Chen J, Ou Y, Hong H, Nie Z, Zhang H, Liu X, Zheng J, Sun Q, Liu J, Chen H, Zhuang J. Total Anomalous Pulmonary Venous Connection. Circulation 2017; 135:48-58. [DOI: 10.1161/circulationaha.116.023889] [Citation(s) in RCA: 162] [Impact Index Per Article: 23.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/07/2016] [Accepted: 10/24/2016] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Background:
Total anomalous pulmonary venous connection (TAPVC) is a rare form of congenital heart disease. This study describes current surgical treatment strategies and experiences in a cohort of patients from 2 congenital cardiac centers in Shanghai and Guangdong in China.
Methods:
This retrospective study included 768 patients operated on between 2005 and 2014. Although most patients (n=690) underwent conventional repair, a sutureless technique was used in 10% (n=78) of cases. A multilevel mixed-effects parametric survival model and a competing-risk analysis were used to analyze associated risk factors for death and recurrent pulmonary venous obstruction (PVO), respectively. Kaplan-Meier analysis was used to analyze the overall survival. The Nelson-Aalen cumulative risk curve was used to compare distributions of time with recurrent PVO.
Results:
The mean surgical age and weight were 214.9±39.2 days and 5.4±3.6 kg, respectively. Obstructed TAPVC (PVO) was documented in 192 (25%) of the 768 patients. There were 38 intraoperative deaths and 13 late deaths. A younger age at the time of repair (
P
=0.001), mixed (
P
=0.004) and infracardiac (
P
=0.035) TAPVC, preoperative PVO (
P
=0.027), prolonged cardiopulmonary bypass time (
P
<0.001), and longer duration of ventilation (
P
=0.028) were associated with mortality. The median follow-up was 23.2 months (range; 1–112 months). Among the 717 survivors, recurrent PVO was observed in 111 patients (15%). Associated risk factors for recurrent PVO included preoperative PVO (
P
<0.001), infracardiac TAPVC (
P
<0.001), mixed TAPVC (
P
=0.013), and prolonged cardiopulmonary bypass time (
P
<0.001). Sutureless technique was associated with a lower restenosis rate compared with conventional repair in patients with preoperative PVO (
P
=0.038), except in newborn patients (
P
=0.443). Reintervention for restenosis was performed in 24 patients. The function of most survivors (91%) was classified according to the New York Heart Association as functional class I or II.
Conclusions:
Surgical correction in patients with TAPVC with a biventricular anatomy can achieve an acceptable outcome. Risk factors such as a younger age at the time of repair, infracardiac and mixed TAPVC, and preoperative PVO were associated with a poorer prognosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guocheng Shi
- From Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, Heart Center, Shanghai Children’s Medical Center, Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China (G.S., Z.Z., H.H., H.Z., J. Zheng, Q.S., J.L., H.C.); and Department of Cardiac Surgery, Guangdong Cardiovascular Institute, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of South China Structural Heart Disease, Guangdong General Hospital, Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences (J.C., Y.O., Z.N., X.L., J. Zhuang), Guangdong, China
| | - Zhongqun Zhu
- From Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, Heart Center, Shanghai Children’s Medical Center, Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China (G.S., Z.Z., H.H., H.Z., J. Zheng, Q.S., J.L., H.C.); and Department of Cardiac Surgery, Guangdong Cardiovascular Institute, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of South China Structural Heart Disease, Guangdong General Hospital, Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences (J.C., Y.O., Z.N., X.L., J. Zhuang), Guangdong, China
| | - Jimei Chen
- From Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, Heart Center, Shanghai Children’s Medical Center, Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China (G.S., Z.Z., H.H., H.Z., J. Zheng, Q.S., J.L., H.C.); and Department of Cardiac Surgery, Guangdong Cardiovascular Institute, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of South China Structural Heart Disease, Guangdong General Hospital, Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences (J.C., Y.O., Z.N., X.L., J. Zhuang), Guangdong, China
| | - Yanqiu Ou
- From Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, Heart Center, Shanghai Children’s Medical Center, Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China (G.S., Z.Z., H.H., H.Z., J. Zheng, Q.S., J.L., H.C.); and Department of Cardiac Surgery, Guangdong Cardiovascular Institute, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of South China Structural Heart Disease, Guangdong General Hospital, Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences (J.C., Y.O., Z.N., X.L., J. Zhuang), Guangdong, China
| | - Haifa Hong
- From Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, Heart Center, Shanghai Children’s Medical Center, Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China (G.S., Z.Z., H.H., H.Z., J. Zheng, Q.S., J.L., H.C.); and Department of Cardiac Surgery, Guangdong Cardiovascular Institute, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of South China Structural Heart Disease, Guangdong General Hospital, Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences (J.C., Y.O., Z.N., X.L., J. Zhuang), Guangdong, China
| | - Zhiqiang Nie
- From Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, Heart Center, Shanghai Children’s Medical Center, Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China (G.S., Z.Z., H.H., H.Z., J. Zheng, Q.S., J.L., H.C.); and Department of Cardiac Surgery, Guangdong Cardiovascular Institute, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of South China Structural Heart Disease, Guangdong General Hospital, Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences (J.C., Y.O., Z.N., X.L., J. Zhuang), Guangdong, China
| | - Haibo Zhang
- From Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, Heart Center, Shanghai Children’s Medical Center, Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China (G.S., Z.Z., H.H., H.Z., J. Zheng, Q.S., J.L., H.C.); and Department of Cardiac Surgery, Guangdong Cardiovascular Institute, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of South China Structural Heart Disease, Guangdong General Hospital, Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences (J.C., Y.O., Z.N., X.L., J. Zhuang), Guangdong, China
| | - Xiaoqing Liu
- From Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, Heart Center, Shanghai Children’s Medical Center, Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China (G.S., Z.Z., H.H., H.Z., J. Zheng, Q.S., J.L., H.C.); and Department of Cardiac Surgery, Guangdong Cardiovascular Institute, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of South China Structural Heart Disease, Guangdong General Hospital, Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences (J.C., Y.O., Z.N., X.L., J. Zhuang), Guangdong, China
| | - Jinghao Zheng
- From Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, Heart Center, Shanghai Children’s Medical Center, Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China (G.S., Z.Z., H.H., H.Z., J. Zheng, Q.S., J.L., H.C.); and Department of Cardiac Surgery, Guangdong Cardiovascular Institute, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of South China Structural Heart Disease, Guangdong General Hospital, Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences (J.C., Y.O., Z.N., X.L., J. Zhuang), Guangdong, China
| | - Qi Sun
- From Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, Heart Center, Shanghai Children’s Medical Center, Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China (G.S., Z.Z., H.H., H.Z., J. Zheng, Q.S., J.L., H.C.); and Department of Cardiac Surgery, Guangdong Cardiovascular Institute, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of South China Structural Heart Disease, Guangdong General Hospital, Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences (J.C., Y.O., Z.N., X.L., J. Zhuang), Guangdong, China
| | - Jinfen Liu
- From Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, Heart Center, Shanghai Children’s Medical Center, Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China (G.S., Z.Z., H.H., H.Z., J. Zheng, Q.S., J.L., H.C.); and Department of Cardiac Surgery, Guangdong Cardiovascular Institute, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of South China Structural Heart Disease, Guangdong General Hospital, Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences (J.C., Y.O., Z.N., X.L., J. Zhuang), Guangdong, China
| | - Huiwen Chen
- From Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, Heart Center, Shanghai Children’s Medical Center, Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China (G.S., Z.Z., H.H., H.Z., J. Zheng, Q.S., J.L., H.C.); and Department of Cardiac Surgery, Guangdong Cardiovascular Institute, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of South China Structural Heart Disease, Guangdong General Hospital, Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences (J.C., Y.O., Z.N., X.L., J. Zhuang), Guangdong, China
| | - Jian Zhuang
- From Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, Heart Center, Shanghai Children’s Medical Center, Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China (G.S., Z.Z., H.H., H.Z., J. Zheng, Q.S., J.L., H.C.); and Department of Cardiac Surgery, Guangdong Cardiovascular Institute, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of South China Structural Heart Disease, Guangdong General Hospital, Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences (J.C., Y.O., Z.N., X.L., J. Zhuang), Guangdong, China
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Affiliation(s)
- David Kalfa
- Pediatric Cardiac Surgery, Morgan Stanley Children's Hospital - NewYork-Presbyterian, Columbia University Medical Center, New York, USA
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Ross FJ, Joffe D, Latham GJ. Perioperative and Anesthetic Considerations in Total Anomalous Pulmonary Venous Connection. Semin Cardiothorac Vasc Anesth 2016; 21:138-144. [PMID: 27694572 DOI: 10.1177/1089253216672012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Total anomalous pulmonary venous connection (TAPVC) is a potentially devastating form of congenital heart disease in which all pulmonary blood flow returns to the systemic venous circulation rather than the left atrium. Anomalous pulmonary venous flow may be obstructed at birth, and affected infants present with severe cyanosis and poor cardiac output unresponsive to standard resuscitation with prostaglandin. Obstructed TAPVC remains one of the few indications for emergent neonatal cardiac surgery. This review will discuss the physiology and perioperative management of isolated TAPVC without associated cardiac lesions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Faith J Ross
- 1 Seattle Children's Hospital, Seattle, WA, USA.,2 University of Washington School of Medicine, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Denise Joffe
- 1 Seattle Children's Hospital, Seattle, WA, USA.,2 University of Washington School of Medicine, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Gregory J Latham
- 1 Seattle Children's Hospital, Seattle, WA, USA.,2 University of Washington School of Medicine, Seattle, WA, USA
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Abstract
OBJECTIVES The objectives of this review are to describe the anatomy, pathophysiology, perioperative therapeutic strategies, and operative procedures for patients with anomalous pulmonary venous connections and truncus arteriosus. DATA SOURCE MEDLINE and PubMed. CONCLUSIONS An understanding of the anatomy and pathophysiology of anomalous pulmonary venous connections and truncus arteriosus is essential for the optimal perioperative management of these complex and challenging congenital lesions.
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Jung HJ, Bang JH, Park CS, Park JJ, Im YM, Yun TJ. Individual Pulmonary Veins Outgrow Somatic Growth After Primary Sutureless Repair for Total Anomalous Pulmonary Venous Drainage. Pediatr Cardiol 2016; 37:290-4. [PMID: 26433938 DOI: 10.1007/s00246-015-1276-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2015] [Accepted: 09/23/2015] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Indications of sutureless repair (SR) for pulmonary vein anomalies have evolved from re-operational SR for pulmonary vein stenosis after the repair of total anomalous pulmonary venous drainage (TAPVD) to primary SR for TAPVD associated with right atrial isomerism or isolated TAPVD with small individual pulmonary veins (IPVs) and an unfavorable pulmonary vein anatomy. We sought to determine whether small IPVs outgrow somatic growth after primary SR. Between 2004 and 2013, 21 children underwent primary SR for TAPVD: 13 with a functionally single ventricle, 11 with right atrial isomerism, six with isolated TAPVD, and 13 with a pulmonary venous obstruction. TAPVD types were supracardiac in nine, infracardiac in 10, and mixed in two. Utilizing cardiac computed tomography (CT), the maximal diameter of each IPV was measured, and pulmonary vein index (PVI, summation of cross-sectional areas of all four IPVs divided by body surface area) was calculated. There were five early deaths after SR. Among survivors, 10 had both preoperative and postoperative cardiac CT at a 3.6-month median interval. On postoperative cardiac CT, IPVs were patent in all patients except one who developed a left lower pulmonary vein obstruction. There was a 71 ± 48 % postoperative increase in the actual diameter of all four IPVs, and PVI increased significantly from 215 ± 55 to 402 ± 117 mm(2)/m(2) (P value = 0.005). IPVs outgrew somatic growth after primary SR of TAPVD. Primary SR may be a useful measure in TAPVD patients whose IPVs are small.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hyun-Jin Jung
- Division of Pediatric Cardiac Surgery, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, 88, Olympic-ro 43-gil, Songpa-gu, Seoul, 138-736, Republic of Korea
| | - Ji Hyun Bang
- Division of Pediatric Cardiac Surgery, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, 88, Olympic-ro 43-gil, Songpa-gu, Seoul, 138-736, Republic of Korea
| | - Chun-Soo Park
- Division of Pediatric Cardiac Surgery, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, 88, Olympic-ro 43-gil, Songpa-gu, Seoul, 138-736, Republic of Korea
| | - Jeong-Jun Park
- Division of Pediatric Cardiac Surgery, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, 88, Olympic-ro 43-gil, Songpa-gu, Seoul, 138-736, Republic of Korea
| | - Yu-Mi Im
- Seoul Women's College of Nursing, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Tae-Jin Yun
- Division of Pediatric Cardiac Surgery, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, 88, Olympic-ro 43-gil, Songpa-gu, Seoul, 138-736, Republic of Korea.
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Zhang C, Ou Y, Zhuang J, Chen J, Nie Z, Ding Y. Comparison of Sutureless and Conventional Techniques to Repair Total Anomalous Pulmonary Venous Connection. Semin Thorac Cardiovasc Surg 2016; 28:473-484. [DOI: 10.1053/j.semtcvs.2016.05.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 05/26/2016] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
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Vanderlaan RD, Caldarone CA. The Ongoing Evolution of Sutureless Repairs for Pulmonary Vein Anomalies. Semin Thorac Cardiovasc Surg 2016; 28:485-486. [DOI: 10.1053/j.semtcvs.2016.06.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 06/29/2016] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
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Repair Type Influences Mode of Pulmonary Vein Stenosis in Total Anomalous Pulmonary Venous Drainage. Ann Thorac Surg 2015; 100:654-62. [DOI: 10.1016/j.athoracsur.2015.04.121] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/28/2015] [Revised: 04/20/2015] [Accepted: 04/23/2015] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
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Anatomical risk factors, surgical treatment, and clinical outcomes of left-sided pulmonary vein obstruction in single-ventricle patients. J Thorac Cardiovasc Surg 2015; 149:1332-8. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jtcvs.2014.11.089] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/27/2014] [Revised: 10/25/2014] [Accepted: 11/29/2014] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
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Hoashi T, Kagisaki K, Kurosaki K, Kitano M, Shiraishi I, Ichikawa H. Intrinsic obstruction in pulmonary venous drainage pathway is associated with poor surgical outcomes in patients with total anomalous pulmonary venous connection. Pediatr Cardiol 2015; 36:432-7. [PMID: 25274399 DOI: 10.1007/s00246-014-1031-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/28/2014] [Accepted: 09/23/2014] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
Abstract
The aim of this study was to review the surgical outcomes of conventional repair in patients with total anomalous pulmonary venous connection (TAPVC). Between 1999 and 2012, 46 patients underwent conventional TAPVC repair; of those, 14 required emergent surgery within the first 24 h after their birth for coexisting intrinsic obstruction in pulmonary venous drainage pathway (Group 1). The remaining 32 were operated on after the first day of life and were divided into two groups: with (Group 2, n = 10) and without (Group 3, n = 22) subsequently progressed pulmonary venous obstruction (PVO) after birth. A follow-up was completed on all patients, and the mean follow-up period was 7 ± 4 years (range 0.9-14). Group 1 required a significantly prolonged nitric oxide inhalation (12 ± 11 days) and mechanical ventilation support (29 ± 36 days) compared to Group 2 and Group 3. The actuarial survival rate at 10 years was 69% in Group 1, 88% in Group 2, and 96% in Group 3 (Group 1 vs. Group 3: p = 0.05). Freedom from postoperative pulmonary vein stenosis at 10 years was 39% in Group 1, 70% in Group 2, and 86% in Group 3 (Group 1 vs. Group 3: p = 0.002). However, all the ten survivors in Group 1 showed an NYHA functional status of I or II, and 60% of survivors were free from medication. Outcomes of patients with TAPVC requiring surgical repair at the day of birth for coexisting intrinsic PVO were still dismal; however, the acceptable status of current survivors has encouraged us to treat this challenging group surgically.
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Affiliation(s)
- Takaya Hoashi
- Departments of Pediatric Cardiovascular Surgery, National Cerebral and Cardiovascular Center, 5-7-1, Fujishiro-dai, Suita, Osaka, 565-8565, Japan,
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