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Gerfer S, Ivanov B, Krasivskyi I, Djordjevic I, Gaisendrees C, Avgeridou S, Kuhn-Régnier F, Mader N, Rahmanian P, Kröner A, Kuhn E, Wahlers T. Heart surgery and simultaneous carotid endarterectomy - 10-years single-center experience. Perfusion 2023; 38:1617-1622. [PMID: 35841145 DOI: 10.1177/02676591221114953] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Patients with coronary artery heart disease frequently suffer concomitant carotid vascular disease and are at high perioperative risk for neurological adverse events. Several concepts regarding the timing and modality of carotid revascularization are controversially discussed in patients with heart disease. Current guidelines recommendations on myocardial revascularization recommend a concomitant carotid endarterectomy (CEA) in patients with a history of stroke/transient ischemic attack (TIA) or 50-99% grade of the carotid stenosis. Our study aimed to analyze early outcome parameters of patients undergoing coronary artery bypass grafting (CABG), but also including concomitant heart valve surgery and simultaneous CEA. METHODS This study retrospectively analyzed a cohort of 111 patients from our institutional database undergoing heart surgery with CABG or heart-valve surgery between 2010 and 2020 with concomitant carotid surgery due to significant carotid stenosis. RESULTS Patients undergoing heart and simultaneous carotid surgery were 77 ± 8.0 years of age with a body mass index of 28 ± 1.7 kg/m2 and a mean EuroSCORE II of 6.5 ± 2.3. Most patients (61%) had a smoking history and arterial hypertension (97%). The preoperative mean grade of internal carotid stenosis was 87 ± 4.2%, 13% of patients suffered from internal carotid artery stenosis on both sites. In total, 4.5% of patients had previously undergone internal carotid artery intervention before and 6.3% had a history of stroke with a persistent neurologic disorder in 1.8%, 8.9% of cases had prior TIA. Thirty-day all-cause mortality was 6.3% and postoperative neurologic events occurred with 7.2% TIA and 4.5% of disabling stroke. CONCLUSION Within the reported patient population of coronary artery heart disease and significant internal carotid stenosis, a one-time approach with CABG or heart-valve surgery and CEA is safe and feasible as justified by clinical and neurological postoperative outcomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stephen Gerfer
- Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, Heart Center, University Hospital of Cologne, Cologne, Germany
| | - Borko Ivanov
- Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, Heart Center, University Hospital of Cologne, Cologne, Germany
| | - Ihor Krasivskyi
- Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, Heart Center, University Hospital of Cologne, Cologne, Germany
| | - Ilija Djordjevic
- Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, Heart Center, University Hospital of Cologne, Cologne, Germany
| | - Christopher Gaisendrees
- Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, Heart Center, University Hospital of Cologne, Cologne, Germany
| | - Soi Avgeridou
- Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, Heart Center, University Hospital of Cologne, Cologne, Germany
| | - Ferdinand Kuhn-Régnier
- Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, Heart Center, University Hospital of Cologne, Cologne, Germany
| | - Navid Mader
- Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, Heart Center, University Hospital of Cologne, Cologne, Germany
| | - Parwis Rahmanian
- Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, Heart Center, University Hospital of Cologne, Cologne, Germany
| | - Axel Kröner
- Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, Heart Center, University Hospital of Cologne, Cologne, Germany
| | - Elmar Kuhn
- Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, Heart Center, University Hospital of Cologne, Cologne, Germany
| | - Thorsten Wahlers
- Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, Heart Center, University Hospital of Cologne, Cologne, Germany
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2
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Gerfer S, Bennour W, Chigri A, Elderia A, Krasivskyi I, Großmann C, Gaisendrees C, Ivanov B, Avgeridou S, Eghbalzadeh K, Rahmanian P, Kuhn-Régnier F, Mader N, Djordjevic I, Sabashnikov A, Wahlers T. Major Adverse Cardiac and Cerebrovascular Events in Patients Undergoing Simultaneous Heart Surgery and Carotid Endarterectomy. J Cardiovasc Dev Dis 2023; 10:330. [PMID: 37623343 PMCID: PMC10455249 DOI: 10.3390/jcdd10080330] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/18/2023] [Revised: 07/13/2023] [Accepted: 08/01/2023] [Indexed: 08/26/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Patients with simultaneous relevant internal carotid artery stenosis and coronary artery heart or valve disease represent a high-risk collective with respect to cerebral or cardiovascular severe events when undergoing surgery. There exist several concepts regarding the timing and modality of carotid revascularization, which are controversially discussed in patients with heart disease. More data regarding outcome predictors and measures are needed to gain a better understanding of the best treatment option of the discussed patient collective. METHODS This single-center study retrospectively analyzed n = 111 patients undergoing heart surgery with coronary artery bypass grafting or heart-valve surgery and concomitant carotid surgery due to significant internal carotid artery stenosis. In order to do so, patients were divided into two groups with respect to postoperative major adverse cardiac and cerebrovascular events (MACCE) with thirty-day all-cause mortality, valve related mortality, myocardial infarction, stroke and transitory ischemic attack. RESULTS Preoperative patient's characteristic in the no-MACCE and MACCE group were mainly balanced, other than higher rates of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, chronic kidney disease, instable angina pectoris and prior transitory ischemic attack in the MACCE cohort. The analysis of intraoperative characteristics revealed a higher number of intra-aortic balloon pump implantation, which is in line for a higher number of postoperative supports. Besides MACCE, patients suffered significantly more often from postoperative bleeding events and re-thoracotomy, cardiopulmonary reanimation, new onset postoperative dialysis and prolonged intensive care unit stay related complications. CONCLUSIONS Within the reported patient population suffering from MACCE after a simultaneous carotid endarterectomy and heart surgery, a preoperative history of transitory ischemic attack and kidney disease might account for worse outcomes, as severe events were not only neurologically driven but also associated with postoperative cardiovascular complications following heart surgical procedures.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stephen Gerfer
- Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, Heart Center, University Hospital of Cologne, 50937 Cologne, Germany (A.E.); (S.A.)
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Scudeler TL, Godoy LC, Hoxha T, Kung A, Moreno PR, Farkouh ME. Revascularization Strategies in Patients with Diabetes and Acute Coronary Syndromes. Curr Cardiol Rep 2022; 24:201-208. [PMID: 35089503 DOI: 10.1007/s11886-022-01646-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 10/26/2021] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE OF REVIEW To review the current evidence for coronary revascularization in patients with diabetes mellitus (DM) in the setting of an acute coronary syndrome (ACS). RECENT FINDINGS In patients with DM and stable multivessel ischemic heart disease, coronary artery bypass graft surgery (CABG) has been observed to be superior to percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) in long-term follow-up, leading to lower rates of all-cause mortality, myocardial infarction, and repeat revascularization. In the ACS setting, PCI remains the most frequently performed procedure. In patients with an ST-segment-elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI), primary PCI should be the revascularization method of choice, whenever feasible. Controversy still exists regarding when and how to deal with possible residual lesions. In the non-ST-segment-elevation (NSTE) ACS setting, although there are no data from randomized controlled trials (RCTs), recent observational data and sub-analyses of randomized studies have suggested that CABG may be the preferred approach for patients with DM and multivessel coronary disease. There is a paucity of RCTs evaluating revascularization strategies (PCI and CABG) in patients with DM and ACS. CABG may be a viable strategy, leading to improved outcomes, especially following NSTE-ACS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thiago L Scudeler
- Instituto do Coração (InCor), Hospital das Clínicas da Faculdade de Medicina da Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Lucas C Godoy
- Instituto do Coração (InCor), Hospital das Clínicas da Faculdade de Medicina da Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil.,Peter Munk Cardiac Centre and Heart and Stroke Richard Lewar Centre, University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada
| | - Tedi Hoxha
- Peter Munk Cardiac Centre and Heart and Stroke Richard Lewar Centre, University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada.,Temerty Faculty of Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada
| | - Andrew Kung
- American University of the Caribbean School of Medicine, St. Maarten, US
| | - Pedro R Moreno
- The Zena and Michael A. Wiener Cardiovascular Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, New York, US
| | - Michael E Farkouh
- Peter Munk Cardiac Centre and Heart and Stroke Richard Lewar Centre, University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada.
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4
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Knol WG, Budde RPJ, Mahtab EAF, Bekkers JA, Bogers AJJC. Intimal aortic atherosclerosis in cardiac surgery: surgical strategies to prevent embolic stroke. Eur J Cardiothorac Surg 2021; 60:1259-1267. [PMID: 34329374 PMCID: PMC8643442 DOI: 10.1093/ejcts/ezab344] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/02/2021] [Revised: 05/24/2021] [Accepted: 06/09/2021] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Although the incidence of perioperative stroke after cardiac surgery gradually decreased over the last decades, there is much variation between centres. This review aimed to create a concise overview of the evidence on possible surgical strategies to prevent embolic stroke in patients with intimal aortic atherosclerosis. METHODS The PubMed and EMBASE databases were searched for studies on surgical management of aortic atherosclerosis and the association with perioperative stroke in cardiac surgery, including specific searches on the most common types of surgery. Articles were screened with emphasis on studies comparing multiple strategies and studies reporting on the patients’ severity of aortic atherosclerosis. The main findings were summarized in a figure, with a grade of the corresponding level of evidence. RESULTS Regarding embolic stroke risk, aortic atherosclerosis of the tunica intima is most relevant. Although several strategies in general cardiac surgery seem to be beneficial in severe disease, none have conclusively been proven most effective. Off-pump surgery in coronary artery bypass grafting should be preferred with severe atherosclerosis, if the required expertise is present. Although transcatheter aortic valve replacement is used as an alternative to surgery in patients with a porcelain aorta, the risk profile concerning intimal atherosclerosis remains poorly defined. CONCLUSIONS A tailored approach that uses the discussed alternative strategies in carefully selected patients is best suited to reduce the risk of perioperative stroke without compromising other outcomes. More research is needed, especially on the perioperative stroke risk in patients with moderate aortic atherosclerosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wiebe G Knol
- Cardiothoracic Surgery, Erasmus Medical Center, Rotterdam, Netherlands.,Radiology and Nuclear Medicine, Erasmus Medical Center, Rotterdam, Netherlands
| | - Ricardo P J Budde
- Radiology and Nuclear Medicine, Erasmus Medical Center, Rotterdam, Netherlands
| | - Edris A F Mahtab
- Cardiothoracic Surgery, Erasmus Medical Center, Rotterdam, Netherlands
| | - Jos A Bekkers
- Cardiothoracic Surgery, Erasmus Medical Center, Rotterdam, Netherlands
| | - Ad J J C Bogers
- Cardiothoracic Surgery, Erasmus Medical Center, Rotterdam, Netherlands
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5
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Gelsomino S, Tetta C, Matteucci F, Del Pace S, Parise O, Prifti E, Dokollari A, Parise G, Micali LR, La Meir M, Bonacchi M. Surgical Risk Factors for Ischemic Stroke Following Coronary Artery Bypass Grafting. A Multi-Factor Multimodel Analysis. Front Cardiovasc Med 2021; 8:622480. [PMID: 34291093 PMCID: PMC8287035 DOI: 10.3389/fcvm.2021.622480] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/28/2020] [Accepted: 05/20/2021] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: Ischemic stroke after coronary artery bypass (CABG) has been often linked to aortic manipulation during surgery. Objectives: The objective of the study was to estimate the rate of postoperative ischemic stroke within 30 days from CABG by surgical risk factors alone or in combination. Methods: The multinomial propensity score for multiple treatments was used to create six models with a total of 16,255 consecutive patients undergoing isolated CABG. For each model, a different classification variable was used to stratify patients. Results: Balance achieved in all models was substantial, enabling unbiased estimation of the treatment estimand. Both off-pump techniques with (0.009; 95% CI 0.006-0.011) or without proximal anastomoses (0.005; 0.005-0.003), and surgery performed on the beating heart using cardiopulmonary bypass with (0.009; 0.006-0.011) or without proximal anastomoses (0.024; 0.021-0.029) showed a mean stroke estimate significantly lower than the other techniques. Off-pump surgery and on-pump surgery without an aortic cross-clamp yielded nearly equal incidences of stroke (0.012; 0.008-0.015 and 0.018; 0.012-0.023, respectively). Using an aortic cross-clamp significantly increased the stroke estimate (0.075; 0.061-0.088), whereas using a side-biting clamp did not (0.039; 0.033-0.044). The number of aortic touches (0.029; 0.026-0.031) and the number of proximal anastomoses (0.044; 0.035-0.047) did not significantly increase the incidence of stroke. Conclusions: Aortic cross-clamping was found to be the primary cause of post-CABG ischemic stroke. Instead, additional aortic manipulation from a side-biting clamp, on-pump surgery, multiple aortic touches, number of proximal anastomoses, and aortic cannulation were found not to increase the estimate of stroke significantly. Further research on this topic is warranted.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sandro Gelsomino
- Cardiovascular Research Institute Maastricht - CARIM, Maastricht University Medical Centre, Maastricht, Netherlands.,Cardiac Surgery Department, Vrije Universiteit Brussels, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Cecilia Tetta
- Cardiovascular Research Institute Maastricht - CARIM, Maastricht University Medical Centre, Maastricht, Netherlands
| | - Francesco Matteucci
- Cardiovascular Research Institute Maastricht - CARIM, Maastricht University Medical Centre, Maastricht, Netherlands.,Cardio-Thoraco-Vascular Department, Careggi Hospital, Florenze, Italy
| | - Stefano Del Pace
- Cardio-Thoraco-Vascular Department, Careggi Hospital, Florenze, Italy
| | - Orlando Parise
- Cardiovascular Research Institute Maastricht - CARIM, Maastricht University Medical Centre, Maastricht, Netherlands.,Cardio-Thoraco-Vascular Department, Careggi Hospital, Florenze, Italy
| | - Edvin Prifti
- Division of Cardiac Surgery, University Hospital Center of Tirana, Tirana, Albania
| | - Aleksander Dokollari
- Cardiac Surgery, St. Michael's Hospital, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Gianmarco Parise
- Cardiovascular Research Institute Maastricht - CARIM, Maastricht University Medical Centre, Maastricht, Netherlands
| | - Linda Renata Micali
- Cardiovascular Research Institute Maastricht - CARIM, Maastricht University Medical Centre, Maastricht, Netherlands
| | - Mark La Meir
- Cardiovascular Research Institute Maastricht - CARIM, Maastricht University Medical Centre, Maastricht, Netherlands.,Cardiac Surgery Department, Vrije Universiteit Brussels, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Massimo Bonacchi
- Cardiac Surgery Unit, Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, University of Florence, Firenze, Italy
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6
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Gaudino M, Benesch C, Bakaeen F, DeAnda A, Fremes SE, Glance L, Messé SR, Pandey A, Rong LQ. Considerations for Reduction of Risk of Perioperative Stroke in Adult Patients Undergoing Cardiac and Thoracic Aortic Operations: A Scientific Statement From the American Heart Association. Circulation 2020; 142:e193-e209. [DOI: 10.1161/cir.0000000000000885] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/28/2023]
Abstract
Perioperative stroke is one of the most severe and feared complications of cardiac surgery. Based on the timing of onset and detection, perioperative stroke can be classified as intraoperative or postoperative. The pathogenesis of perioperative stroke is multifactorial, which makes prediction and prevention challenging. However, information on its incidence, mechanisms, diagnosis, and treatment can be helpful in minimizing the perioperative neurological risk for individual patients. We herein provide suggestions on preoperative, intraoperative, and postoperative strategies aimed at reducing the risk of perioperative stroke and at improving the outcomes of patients who experience a perioperative stroke.
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7
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Krause M, Morabito JE, Mackensen GB, Perry TE, Bartels K. Current Neurologic Assessment and Neuroprotective Strategies in Cardiac Anesthesia: A Survey to the Membership of the Society of Cardiovascular Anesthesiologists. Anesth Analg 2020; 131:518-526. [PMID: 31880633 DOI: 10.1213/ane.0000000000004601] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/20/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Neurologic injury and cognitive disorder after cardiac surgery are associated with morbidity and mortality. Variability in the application of neuroprotective strategies likely exists during cardiac surgery. The Society of Cardiovascular Anesthesiologists (SCA) conducted a survey among its members on common perioperative neuroprotective strategies: assessment of aortic atheromatous burden, management of intraoperative blood pressure, and use of cerebral oximetry. METHODS A 15-item survey was developed by 3 members of the SCA Continuous Practice Improvement - Cerebral Protection Working Group. The questionnaire was then circulated among all working group members, adapted, and tested for face validity. On March 26, 2018, the survey was sent to members of the SCA via e-mail using the Research Electronic Data Capture system. Responses were recorded until April 16, 2018. RESULTS Of the 3645 surveys e-mailed, 526 members responded (14.4%). Most responders worked in academic institutions (58.3%), followed by private practices (38.7%). Epiaortic ultrasound for the assessment of aortic atheromatous burden was most commonly utilized at the surgeon's request (46.5%). Cerebral oximetry was most commonly used in patients with increased perioperative risk of cerebral injury (41.4%). Epiaortic ultrasound (1.9%) and cerebral oximetry (5.2%) were rarely part of a standardized monitoring approach. A majority of respondents (52.0%) reported no standardized management strategies for neuroprotection during cardiac surgery at their institution. A total of 55.3% stated that no standardized institutional guidelines were in place for managing a patient's blood pressure intraoperatively or during cardiopulmonary bypass. When asked about patients at risk for postoperative cerebral injury, 41.3% targeted a blood pressure goal >65 mmHg during cardiopulmonary bypass. The majority of responders (60.4%) who had access to institutional rates of postoperative stroke/cerebral injury had standard neuroprotective strategies in place. CONCLUSIONS Our data indicate that approximately half of the respondents to this SCA survey do not use standardized guidelines/standard operating procedures for perioperative cerebral protection. The lack of standardized neuroprotective strategies during cardiac surgery may impact postoperative neurologic outcomes. Further investigations are warranted and should assess the association of standardized neuroprotective approaches and postoperative neurological outcomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Martin Krause
- From the Department of Anesthesiology, University of Colorado, School of Medicine, Aurora, Colorado
| | - Joseph E Morabito
- From the Department of Anesthesiology, University of Colorado, School of Medicine, Aurora, Colorado
| | - G Burkhard Mackensen
- Department of Anesthesiology & Pain Medicine, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington
| | - Tjörvi E Perry
- Department of Anesthesiology, University of Minnesota, Medical School, Minneapolis, Minnesota
| | - Karsten Bartels
- From the Department of Anesthesiology, University of Colorado, School of Medicine, Aurora, Colorado
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8
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The SYNTAX score according to diabetic status: What does it mean for the patient requiring myocardial revascularization? J Thorac Cardiovasc Surg 2020; 159:857-860. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jtcvs.2019.04.088] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/11/2019] [Revised: 04/16/2019] [Accepted: 04/23/2019] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
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9
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Wang LJ, Ergul EA, Mohebali J, Goodney PP, Patel VI, Conrad MF, Eagleton MJ, Clouse WD. The effect of combining coronary bypass with carotid endarterectomy in patients with unrevascularized severe coronary disease. J Vasc Surg 2019; 70:815-823. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jvs.2018.12.026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/12/2018] [Accepted: 12/03/2018] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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10
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Wang LJ, Mohebali J, Goodney PP, Patel VI, Conrad MF, Eagleton MJ, Clouse WD. The effect of clinical coronary disease severity on outcomes of carotid endarterectomy with and without combined coronary bypass. J Vasc Surg 2019; 71:546-552. [PMID: 31401112 DOI: 10.1016/j.jvs.2019.03.074] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/15/2018] [Accepted: 03/26/2019] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The management of patients with carotid stenosis and symptomatic coronary artery disease (CAD) is challenging. This study assessed the impact of clinical coronary disease severity on carotid endarterectomy (CEA) with and without combined coronary artery bypass (CCAB). METHODS Using the Vascular Quality Initiative, patients with symptomatic CAD who underwent CCAB or isolated CEA (ICEA) from 2003 to 2017 were identified. Patients were stratified by CAD severity: stable angina (SA) and recent myocardial infarction/unstable angina (UA). Primary outcomes, including perioperative stroke, myocardial infarction (MI), and stroke/death/MI (SDM), were assessed between procedures within each CAD cohort. RESULTS There were 9098 patients identified: 887 CCAB patients (215 [24%] SA, 672 [76%] UA) and 8211 ICEA patients (6385 [78%] SA, 1826 [22%] UA). Overall, CCAB patients had higher rates of stroke (2.6% vs 1.3%; P = .002) and SDM (7.3% vs 3.5%, P < .001) but similar rates of MI (0.9% vs 1.6%; P = .12) compared with ICEA patients. In SA patients, no difference was seen in stroke (ICEA 1.2% vs CCAB 1.9%; P = .36), MI (1.3% vs 1.4%; P = .95), or SDM (2.9% vs 4.7%; P = .13). In UA patients, no difference was seen in stroke (ICEA 1.6% vs CCAB 2.8%; P = .06), but ICEA patients had higher rates of MI (2.4% vs 0.7%; P = .01) and CCAB patients had higher rates of SDM (8.2% vs 5.5%; P = .01). After logistic regression in the UA cohort, predictors of MI included ICEA (odds ratio [OR], 2.7; 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.1-7.0; P = .04) and carotid symptomatic status (OR, 2.1; 95% CI, 1.1-3.8; P = .01); carotid symptomatic status also predicted stroke (OR, 2.0; 95% CI, 1.1-3.6; P = .03), but CCAB did not. CONCLUSIONS In patients with symptomatic CAD, both clinical CAD severity and operative strategy affect outcomes. In SA patients, CCAB does not increase perioperative morbidity. However, CCAB in UA patients prevents MI while not appreciably increasing stroke risk. This suggests that coronary revascularization before or concomitant with CEA should be considered in UA patients but that prioritizing coronary intervention is less important in SA patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Linda J Wang
- Division of Vascular and Endovascular Surgery, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, Mass
| | - Jahan Mohebali
- Division of Vascular and Endovascular Surgery, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, Mass
| | - Philip P Goodney
- Section of Vascular Surgery, Dartmouth-Hitchcock Medical Center, Lebanon, NH
| | - Virendra I Patel
- Division of Vascular Surgery and Endovascular Interventions, Columbia University Medical Center, New York, NY
| | - Mark F Conrad
- Division of Vascular and Endovascular Surgery, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, Mass
| | - Matthew J Eagleton
- Division of Vascular and Endovascular Surgery, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, Mass
| | - W Darrin Clouse
- Division of Vascular and Endovascular Surgery, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, Mass.
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11
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Thourani VH, Badhwar V, Shahian DM, O’Brien S, Kitahara H, Vemulapalli S, Brennan JM, Habib RH, Fernandez F, D’Agostino RS, Lobdell K, Rankin JS, Gammie JS, Higgins R, Sabik J, Schwann TA, Jacobs JP. The Society of Thoracic Surgeons Adult Cardiac Surgery Database: 2019 Update on Research. Ann Thorac Surg 2019; 108:334-342. [DOI: 10.1016/j.athoracsur.2019.05.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/22/2019] [Accepted: 05/22/2019] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
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12
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Ruel M, Falk V, Farkouh ME, Freemantle N, Gaudino MF, Glineur D, Cameron DE, Taggart DP. Myocardial Revascularization Trials. Circulation 2018; 138:2943-2951. [DOI: 10.1161/circulationaha.118.035970] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Marc Ruel
- University of Ottawa Heart Institute, University of Ottawa, Canada (M.R., D.G.)
| | - Volkmar Falk
- German Heart Center, Charité Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Germany (V.F.)
| | - Michael E. Farkouh
- Peter Munk Cardiac Centre and Heart and Stroke Richard Lewar Centre, University of Toronto, Canada (M.E.F.)
| | - Nick Freemantle
- Institute of Clinical Trials and Methodology, University College London, UK (N.F.)
| | - Mario F. Gaudino
- New York Presbyterian Hospital, Weill Cornell Medicine, NY (M.F.G.)
| | - David Glineur
- University of Ottawa Heart Institute, University of Ottawa, Canada (M.R., D.G.)
| | - Duke E. Cameron
- Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston (D.E.C.)
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13
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Paone G. Aortic clamping and stroke: Because two isn't worse doesn't mean one isn't better. J Thorac Cardiovasc Surg 2018; 156:1458-1459. [PMID: 29691048 DOI: 10.1016/j.jtcvs.2018.03.114] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/23/2018] [Accepted: 03/27/2018] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Gaetano Paone
- Division of Cardiac Surgery, Henry Ford Hospital, Detroit, Mich.
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