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Köksoy C, Rebello KR, Green SY, Amarasekara HS, Moon MR, LeMaire SA, Coselli JS. Independent associations with early mortality after open repair of Crawford extent IV thoracoabdominal aortic aneurysms. J Thorac Cardiovasc Surg 2024; 168:1-12.e2. [PMID: 36931557 DOI: 10.1016/j.jtcvs.2023.03.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/13/2022] [Revised: 02/14/2023] [Accepted: 03/06/2023] [Indexed: 03/19/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE We aimed to identify outcomes and factors that independently associate with early mortality after open repair of Crawford extent IV thoracoabdominal aortic aneurysms, defined as aneurysms confined to the segment below the diaphragm. METHODS This retrospective analysis included 721 extent IV thoracoabdominal aortic aneurysm repairs performed in our institution from 1986 to 2021. Indications for repair were aneurysm without dissection in 627 cases (87.0%) and aortic dissection in 94 cases (13.0%). Overall, 466 patients (64.6%) were symptomatic preoperatively; 124 (17.2%) procedures were performed in patients with acute presentation, including 58 (8.0%) ruptured aneurysms. RESULTS Operative death occurred after 49 (6.8%) repairs. Persistent renal failure necessitating dialysis occurred after 43 (6.0%) repairs. Binary logistic regression modeling revealed that previous extent II thoracoabdominal aortic aneurysm repair, chronic kidney disease, previous myocardial infarction, urgent or emergency repair, and longer crossclamp times during surgery were independently associated with operative mortality. Among early survivors (n = 672), competing risk analysis revealed that cumulative incidence of mortality and reintervention rates at 10 years were 74.8% (95% confidence interval, 71.4%-78.5%) and 3.3% (95% confidence interval, 2.2%-5.1%), respectively. CONCLUSIONS Although patient comorbidities contributed to operative mortality, factors associated with the repair, such as urgent or emergency status, the duration of aortic crossclamping, and certain types of complex reoperation, also played prominent roles. Patients who survive the operation can expect a durable repair that usually is free from late reintervention. Expanding our collective knowledge regarding patients who undergo open repair of extent IV thoracoabdominal aortic aneurysms will enable clinicians to establish best practices and improve patient outcomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cuneyt Köksoy
- Division of Cardiothoracic Surgery, Michael E. DeBakey Department of Surgery, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Tex
| | - Kimberly R Rebello
- Division of Cardiothoracic Surgery, Michael E. DeBakey Department of Surgery, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Tex
| | - Susan Y Green
- Division of Cardiothoracic Surgery, Michael E. DeBakey Department of Surgery, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Tex
| | - Hiruni S Amarasekara
- Division of Cardiothoracic Surgery, Michael E. DeBakey Department of Surgery, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Tex
| | - Marc R Moon
- Division of Cardiothoracic Surgery, Michael E. DeBakey Department of Surgery, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Tex; Texas Heart Institute, Houston, Tex; CHI St Luke's Health-Baylor St Luke's Medical Center, Houston, Tex; Cardiovascular Research Institute, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Tex
| | - Scott A LeMaire
- Division of Cardiothoracic Surgery, Michael E. DeBakey Department of Surgery, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Tex; Texas Heart Institute, Houston, Tex; CHI St Luke's Health-Baylor St Luke's Medical Center, Houston, Tex; Cardiovascular Research Institute, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Tex; Office of Surgical Research, Michael E. DeBakey Department of Surgery, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Tex.
| | - Joseph S Coselli
- Division of Cardiothoracic Surgery, Michael E. DeBakey Department of Surgery, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Tex; Texas Heart Institute, Houston, Tex; CHI St Luke's Health-Baylor St Luke's Medical Center, Houston, Tex; Cardiovascular Research Institute, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Tex
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Blackburn KW, Kuncheria A, Nguyen T, Khouqeer A, Green SY, Moon MR, LeMaire SA, Coselli JS. Outcomes of thoracoabdominal aortic aneurysm repair in patients with a previous myocardial infarction. J Thorac Cardiovasc Surg 2023:S0022-5223(23)00897-8. [PMID: 37802329 DOI: 10.1016/j.jtcvs.2023.09.071] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/23/2023] [Revised: 09/27/2023] [Accepted: 09/28/2023] [Indexed: 10/08/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Many patients undergoing thoracoabdominal aortic aneurysm (TAAA) repair have had a previous myocardial infarction (MI). To address the paucity of data regarding outcomes in such patients, we aimed to compare outcomes after open TAAA repair in patients with and without previous MI. METHODS From 1986 to 2022, we performed 3737 consecutive open TAAA repairs. Of these, 706 (18.9%) were in patients with previous MI. We used multivariable logistic regression to identify predictors of operative death. Propensity score matching analyzed preoperative and select operative variables to create matched groups of patients with or without a previous MI (n = 704 pairs). Late survival was determined by Kaplan-Meier analysis and compared by log rank test. RESULTS Overall, operative mortality was 8.5% and the adverse event rate was 15.2%; these were elevated in patients with MI (11.0% vs 7.9% [P = .01] and 18.0% vs 14.6% [P = .02], respectively). In the propensity score-matching cohort, the MI group had a greater rate of cardiac complications (32.4% vs 25.4%; P = .005) and delayed paraparesis (5.1% vs 2.4%; P = .1); however, there was no difference in operative mortality (11.1% vs 10.9%; P = 1) or adverse event rate (18.0% vs 16.8%; P = .6). Overall, previous MI was not independently associated with operative mortality in multivariable analysis (P = .1). The matched MI group trended toward poorer 10-year survival (29.8% ± 1.9% non-MI vs 25.0% ± 1.8% MI; P = .051). CONCLUSIONS Although previous MI was not associated with early mortality after TAAA repair, patients with a previous MI had greater rates of cardiac complications and delayed paraparesis. Patients with a previous MI also trended toward poorer survival.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kyle W Blackburn
- Division of Cardiothoracic Surgery, Michael E. DeBakey Department of Surgery, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Tex
| | - Allen Kuncheria
- Division of Cardiothoracic Surgery, Michael E. DeBakey Department of Surgery, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Tex
| | - Trung Nguyen
- Division of Cardiothoracic Surgery, Michael E. DeBakey Department of Surgery, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Tex
| | - Ahmed Khouqeer
- Division of Cardiothoracic Surgery, Michael E. DeBakey Department of Surgery, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Tex
| | - Susan Y Green
- Division of Cardiothoracic Surgery, Michael E. DeBakey Department of Surgery, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Tex; Office of Surgical Research, Michael E. DeBakey Department of Surgery, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Tex
| | - Marc R Moon
- Division of Cardiothoracic Surgery, Michael E. DeBakey Department of Surgery, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Tex; Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, The Texas Heart Institute, Houston, Tex; CHI St Luke's Health, Baylor St Luke's Medical Center, Houston, Tex; Cardiovascular Research Institute, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Tex
| | - Scott A LeMaire
- Division of Cardiothoracic Surgery, Michael E. DeBakey Department of Surgery, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Tex; Office of Surgical Research, Michael E. DeBakey Department of Surgery, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Tex; Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, The Texas Heart Institute, Houston, Tex; CHI St Luke's Health, Baylor St Luke's Medical Center, Houston, Tex; Cardiovascular Research Institute, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Tex.
| | - Joseph S Coselli
- Division of Cardiothoracic Surgery, Michael E. DeBakey Department of Surgery, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Tex; Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, The Texas Heart Institute, Houston, Tex; CHI St Luke's Health, Baylor St Luke's Medical Center, Houston, Tex; Cardiovascular Research Institute, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Tex
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Latz CA, Lella S, Boitano LT, DeCarlo C, Feldman Z, Png CYM, Mohebali J, Dua A, Conrad M. Short- and long-term outcomes after concurrent splenectomy during thoracoabdominal aortic aneurysm repair. J Vasc Surg 2021; 74:1109-1116. [PMID: 33887425 DOI: 10.1016/j.jvs.2021.03.035] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/14/2020] [Accepted: 03/15/2021] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Splenectomy is often performed during open thoracoabdominal aortic aneurysm (TAAA) repair, because capsular tears are common and can be associated with significant bleeding. It is unknown whether splenectomy affects the short- or long-term outcomes after TAAA repair. METHODS All open type I to IV TAAA repairs performed from 1987 to June 2015 were evaluated using a single institutional database. The primary endpoints were in-hospital death, major adverse events (MAE) and long-term survival. The secondary endpoint was hospital length of stay (LOS). All repairs performed for aneurysm rupture were excluded. Univariate analysis was conducted using the Fisher's exact test for categorical variables and the Wilcoxon rank sum test for continuous variables. Logistic and linear multivariable regression were used for the in-hospital endpoints, and survival analyses were performed using Cox proportional hazards modeling and Kaplan-Meier techniques. RESULTS A total of 649 patients met the study inclusion criteria. Of the 649 patients, 150 (23%) underwent concurrent splenectomy (CS) and six required emergency splenectomy secondary to bleeding postoperatively, leading to 156 cases of total in-hospital splenectomy. The perioperative mortality rate was 5.2% in the CS group and 5.2% in the non-CS group (P = 1.0). MAE were experienced by 48% of the CS patients compared with 34% of the non-CS patients (P = .003). Multivariable analysis revealed splenectomy was not independently predictive of perioperative death (adjusted odds ratio, 0.95; 95% confidence interval [CI], 0.41-2.23; P = .9). However, splenectomy was independently associated with any MAE (adjusted odds ratio, 1.78; 95% CI, 1.19-2.65; P = .005). Splenectomy was also associated with a longer length of stay (+5.39 days; 95% CI, 1.86-8.92; P = .003). No survival difference was found between the cohorts in the total splenectomy cohort in the unadjusted (log-rank P = 1.0) or adjusted (splenectomy adjusted hazard ratio, 1.02; 95% confidence interval, 0.78-1.35; P = .9). CONCLUSIONS CS during open TAAA repair did not lead to increased perioperative mortality but did lead to significantly increased perioperative morbidity and longer hospital lengths of stay. We found no difference in long-term survival outcomes when CS was performed. Splenectomy during TAAA repair did not affect long-term survival.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christopher A Latz
- Division of Vascular and Endovascular Surgery, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, Mass.
| | - Srihari Lella
- Division of Vascular and Endovascular Surgery, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, Mass
| | - Laura T Boitano
- Division of Vascular and Endovascular Surgery, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, Mass
| | - Charles DeCarlo
- Division of Vascular and Endovascular Surgery, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, Mass
| | - Zach Feldman
- Division of Vascular and Endovascular Surgery, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, Mass
| | - C Y Maximilian Png
- Division of Vascular and Endovascular Surgery, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, Mass
| | - Jahan Mohebali
- Division of Vascular and Endovascular Surgery, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, Mass
| | - Anahita Dua
- Division of Vascular and Endovascular Surgery, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, Mass
| | - Mark Conrad
- Division of Vascular and Endovascular Surgery, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, Mass
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Orozco-Sevilla V, Coselli JS. Surgical strategies in the management of chronic dissection of the thoracoabdominal aorta. THE JOURNAL OF CARDIOVASCULAR SURGERY 2021; 62:302-315. [PMID: 33565747 DOI: 10.23736/s0021-9509.21.11806-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
Most operations for dissection of the thoracoabdominal aorta take place in the chronic phase of the disease, because the acutely dissected distal aorta is almost always initially treated non-surgically with aggressive pharmacological anti-impulse therapy. Identifying patients who are no longer responding to medical treatment is the first step in preventing further disease progression and rupture. Symptomatic aneurysms should be promptly repaired. Asymptomatic patients are followed until significant aortic dilation occurs and reaches a threshold of intervention: current guidelines endorse repair once a diameter of 5.5 cm is reached. In patients with heritable thoracic aortic disease (such as Marfan Syndrome), the threshold of intervention is often lowered. Aortic replacement typically centers on the dilatated segment. For all extents of repair, we use passive mild hypothermia, sequential aortic cross-clamping, aggressive reimplantation of intercostal and lumbar arteries, and cold renal perfusion whenever possible. For Crawford extents I and II thoracoabdominal aneurysm repair, we routinely use cerebrospinal fluid drainage, left heart bypass, and selective visceral perfusion. A four-branched graft approach to thoracoabdominal aortic aneurysm repair is frequently used in patients with chronic aortic dissection; this approach facilitates visceral artery perfusion during repair, expedites the distal anastomosis, and prevents subsequent visceral patch aneurysms. Lifelong imaging surveillance is necessary, because the distal aorta often continues to expand; residual aortic dissection commonly remains after repair and may necessitate further repair.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vicente Orozco-Sevilla
- Division of Cardiothoracic Surgery, Michael E. DeBakey Department of Surgery, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, USA.,Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, Texas Heart Institute, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Joseph S Coselli
- Division of Cardiothoracic Surgery, Michael E. DeBakey Department of Surgery, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, USA - .,Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, Texas Heart Institute, Houston, TX, USA.,Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, CHI St. Luke's Health - Baylor St. Luke's Medical Center, Houston, TX, USA
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Chatterjee S, Preventza O, Orozco-Sevilla V, Coselli JS. Critical care management after open thoracoabdominal aortic aneurysm repair. THE JOURNAL OF CARDIOVASCULAR SURGERY 2020; 62:220-229. [PMID: 33307646 DOI: 10.23736/s0021-9509.20.11712-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/16/2023]
Abstract
Thoracoabdominal aortic aneurysm repair is technically demanding for the surgeon and physiologically demanding on the patient. As such, it requires diligent multidisciplinary perioperative care to maximize the likelihood of a successful outcome. In this article, we discuss key principles for managing patients after open thoracoabdominal aortic aneurysm repair, which we have learned over the course of performing more than 3500 of such procedures. These principles address patient handoff between the operating room and Intensive Care Unit, resuscitation, prevention and management of spinal cord deficits, and important neurological, respiratory, cardiovascular, renal, gastrointestinal, and hematological considerations. Understanding the expected postoperative course allows for earlier recognition of deviations from that course and increases the likelihood of successful rescue of patients from adverse outcomes. Achieving positive outcomes after thoracoabdominal aortic aneurysm repair requires attention to detail across the perioperative, intraoperative, and postoperative phases of care.
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Affiliation(s)
- Subhasis Chatterjee
- Division of General Surgery, Michael E. DeBakey Department of Surgery, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, USA - .,Division of Cardiothoracic Surgery, Michael E. DeBakey Department of Surgery, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, USA -
| | - Ourania Preventza
- Division of Cardiothoracic Surgery, Michael E. DeBakey Department of Surgery, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, USA.,Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, Texas Heart Institute, Houston, TX, USA.,Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, CHI St Luke's Health - Baylor St Luke's Medical Center, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Vicente Orozco-Sevilla
- Division of Cardiothoracic Surgery, Michael E. DeBakey Department of Surgery, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, USA.,Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, Texas Heart Institute, Houston, TX, USA.,Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, CHI St Luke's Health - Baylor St Luke's Medical Center, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Joseph S Coselli
- Division of Cardiothoracic Surgery, Michael E. DeBakey Department of Surgery, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, USA.,Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, Texas Heart Institute, Houston, TX, USA.,Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, CHI St Luke's Health - Baylor St Luke's Medical Center, Houston, TX, USA
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Frankel WC, Green SY, Amarasekara HS, Zhang Q, Preventza O, LeMaire SA, Coselli JS. Early Gastrointestinal Complications After Open Thoracoabdominal Aortic Aneurysm Repair. Ann Thorac Surg 2020; 112:717-724. [PMID: 33217404 DOI: 10.1016/j.athoracsur.2020.09.032] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/27/2020] [Revised: 08/04/2020] [Accepted: 09/09/2020] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The present study was done to examine the incidence, predictors, and impact of early gastrointestinal (GI) complications after open thoracoabdominal aortic aneurysm repair. METHODS We retrospectively analyzed data from 3587 open thoracoabdominal aortic aneurysm repairs performed at our center from 1986 to 2019. We used univariate analyses and multivariable logistic regression to identify risk factors associated with GI complications, including bleeding, ischemia, obstruction, and acute pancreatitis. Adverse event was defined as operative death or persistent stroke, paraplegia, paraparesis, or renal failure necessitating dialysis. RESULTS Gastrointestinal complications developed after 213 repairs (5.9%). Gastrointestinal complications less often developed after extent I repair than after repairs that involved infrarenal abdominal aortic segments (ie, extent II to IV repairs; P = .003). Patients who had GI complications more often underwent endarterectomy, stenting, or bypass of visceral arteries (51.2% vs 42.2%; P = .01). Use of selective visceral perfusion did not differ between groups. Patients who had GI complications had higher rates of operative mortality (34.3% vs 6.6%) and adverse events (44.1% vs 13.2%) and had longer hospitalization (29 vs 11 days; P < .001 for all). Independent predictors of GI complications included incidental splenectomy, rupture, non-extent I repair, older age, and longer aortic cross-clamp time. Short-term, midterm, and long-term survival were poorer for patients who had GI complications (P < .001). CONCLUSIONS Although uncommon, early GI complications after open thoracoabdominal aortic aneurysm repair are associated with significant early and late morbidity and mortality. Development of perioperative strategies to mitigate these complications is warranted.
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Affiliation(s)
- William C Frankel
- Division of Cardiothoracic Surgery, Michael E. DeBakey Department of Surgery, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas
| | - Susan Y Green
- Division of Cardiothoracic Surgery, Michael E. DeBakey Department of Surgery, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas; Office of Surgical Research, Michael E. DeBakey Department of Surgery, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas
| | - Hiruni S Amarasekara
- Division of Cardiothoracic Surgery, Michael E. DeBakey Department of Surgery, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas; Office of Surgical Research, Michael E. DeBakey Department of Surgery, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas
| | - Qianzi Zhang
- Office of Surgical Research, Michael E. DeBakey Department of Surgery, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas
| | - Ourania Preventza
- Division of Cardiothoracic Surgery, Michael E. DeBakey Department of Surgery, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas; Section of Adult Cardiac Surgery, Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, Texas Heart Institute, Houston, Texas; CHI St Luke's Health-Baylor St Luke's Medical Center, Houston, Texas; Cardiovascular Research Institute, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas
| | - Scott A LeMaire
- Division of Cardiothoracic Surgery, Michael E. DeBakey Department of Surgery, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas; Office of Surgical Research, Michael E. DeBakey Department of Surgery, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas; Section of Adult Cardiac Surgery, Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, Texas Heart Institute, Houston, Texas; CHI St Luke's Health-Baylor St Luke's Medical Center, Houston, Texas; Cardiovascular Research Institute, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas.
| | - Joseph S Coselli
- Division of Cardiothoracic Surgery, Michael E. DeBakey Department of Surgery, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas; Section of Adult Cardiac Surgery, Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, Texas Heart Institute, Houston, Texas; CHI St Luke's Health-Baylor St Luke's Medical Center, Houston, Texas; Cardiovascular Research Institute, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas
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Kouchoukos NT. Commentary: Splenectomy during thoracoabdominal aortic surgery: Lessons learned. J Thorac Cardiovasc Surg 2019; 160:653. [PMID: 31570223 DOI: 10.1016/j.jtcvs.2019.07.066] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/19/2019] [Accepted: 07/22/2019] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Nicholas T Kouchoukos
- Division of Cardiovascular and Thoracic Surgery, Missouri Baptist Medical Center, BJC Healthcare, St Louis, Mo.
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Karmy-Jones R. Commentary: The straw that broke the camel's back. J Thorac Cardiovasc Surg 2019; 160:654-655. [PMID: 31471084 DOI: 10.1016/j.jtcvs.2019.07.025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/15/2019] [Accepted: 07/17/2019] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Riyad Karmy-Jones
- Divisions of Thoracic/Vascular and Trauma Surgery, PeaceHealth Southwest Washington Medical Center, Vancouver, Wash.
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