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Fernández-Bautista T, Gómez-Gómez B, Vicente-Zurdo D, Madrid Y. Single-cell ICP-MS for evaluating the Se-protective effect against MeHg +-induced neurotoxicity in human neuroblastoma cell line (SH-SY5Y). Anal Bioanal Chem 2024; 416:2749-2759. [PMID: 37962609 DOI: 10.1007/s00216-023-05021-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/18/2023] [Revised: 10/06/2023] [Accepted: 10/26/2023] [Indexed: 11/15/2023]
Abstract
The protective effect of selenium (Se) against Hg-induced neurotoxicity has been widely investigated; however, the mechanisms behind this interaction have not been fully elucidated yet. In the current work, the role of Se against MeHg+-induced cytotoxicity in the human neuroblastoma cell line (SH-SY5Y) is reported for the first time by tracking Hg uptake and accumulation at the single-cell level by inductively coupled plasma-mass spectrometry in single-cell mode (SC-ICP-MS). The influence of different Se species (SeMet, SeMeSeCys, citrate-SeNPs, and chitosan-SeNPs) on MeHg+ cytotoxicity was evaluated by 3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide (MTT) assays. SeMet and SeMeSeCys exhibited protective effects against MeHg+-induced cell death, particularly at high MeHg+ concentrations (LC50). In addition, chitosan-SeNPs showed greater protection compared to citrate-SeNPs when co-exposed with MeHg+. Interestingly, SC-ICP-MS unveiled the heterogeneous distribution of Hg uptake by SH-SY5Y cells. Co-exposure of SeMet and SeMeSeCys with MeHg+ led to a reduction of the amount of Hg accumulated per individual cell, which decreased the maximum level of Hg per cell by half (from 60 fg Hg cell-1 to 30 fg Hg cell-1) when SeMet was present, along with a decrease in the percentage of cells that accumulated the highest quantity of MeHg+. All these data corroborate the protective role of Se against Hg toxicity at the cellular level.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tamara Fernández-Bautista
- Analytical Chemistry Department, Faculty of Chemistry, Complutense University of Madrid, 28040, Madrid, Spain
| | - Beatriz Gómez-Gómez
- Analytical Chemistry Department, Faculty of Chemistry, Complutense University of Madrid, 28040, Madrid, Spain.
| | - David Vicente-Zurdo
- Analytical Chemistry Department, Faculty of Chemistry, Complutense University of Madrid, 28040, Madrid, Spain
| | - Yolanda Madrid
- Analytical Chemistry Department, Faculty of Chemistry, Complutense University of Madrid, 28040, Madrid, Spain.
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2
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Santisteban MM, Schaeffer S, Anfray A, Faraco G, Brea D, Wang G, Sobanko MJ, Sciortino R, Racchumi G, Waisman A, Park L, Anrather J, Iadecola C. Meningeal interleukin-17-producing T cells mediate cognitive impairment in a mouse model of salt-sensitive hypertension. Nat Neurosci 2024; 27:63-77. [PMID: 38049579 PMCID: PMC10999222 DOI: 10.1038/s41593-023-01497-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/08/2022] [Accepted: 10/16/2023] [Indexed: 12/06/2023]
Abstract
Hypertension (HTN), a disease afflicting over one billion individuals worldwide, is a leading cause of cognitive impairment, the mechanisms of which remain poorly understood. In the present study, in a mouse model of HTN, we find that the neurovascular and cognitive dysfunction depends on interleukin (IL)-17, a cytokine elevated in individuals with HTN. However, neither circulating IL-17 nor brain angiotensin signaling can account for the dysfunction. Rather, IL-17 produced by T cells in the dura mater is the mediator released in the cerebrospinal fluid and activating IL-17 receptors on border-associated macrophages (BAMs). Accordingly, depleting BAMs, deleting IL-17 receptor A in brain macrophages or suppressing meningeal T cells rescues cognitive function without attenuating blood pressure elevation, circulating IL-17 or brain angiotensin signaling. Our data unveil a critical role of meningeal T cells and macrophage IL-17 signaling in the neurovascular and cognitive dysfunction in a mouse model of HTN.
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Affiliation(s)
- Monica M Santisteban
- Feil Family Brain and Mind Research Institute, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, NY, USA.
- Department of Medicine, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN, USA.
| | - Samantha Schaeffer
- Feil Family Brain and Mind Research Institute, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, NY, USA
| | - Antoine Anfray
- Feil Family Brain and Mind Research Institute, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, NY, USA
| | - Giuseppe Faraco
- Feil Family Brain and Mind Research Institute, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, NY, USA
| | - David Brea
- Feil Family Brain and Mind Research Institute, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, NY, USA
- Department of Neuroscience and Experimental Therapeutics, Instituto de Investigaciones Biomédicas de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Gang Wang
- Feil Family Brain and Mind Research Institute, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, NY, USA
| | - Melissa J Sobanko
- Feil Family Brain and Mind Research Institute, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, NY, USA
| | - Rose Sciortino
- Feil Family Brain and Mind Research Institute, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, NY, USA
| | - Gianfranco Racchumi
- Feil Family Brain and Mind Research Institute, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, NY, USA
| | - Ari Waisman
- Institute for Molecular Medicine, University Medical Center, Mainz, Germany
| | - Laibaik Park
- Feil Family Brain and Mind Research Institute, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, NY, USA
| | - Josef Anrather
- Feil Family Brain and Mind Research Institute, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, NY, USA
| | - Costantino Iadecola
- Feil Family Brain and Mind Research Institute, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, NY, USA.
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Li F, Cui H, Zhang D, Li H, Guo W, Jin L, Hu S. Direct multi-elemental analysis of cerebrospinal fluid samples by LA-ICP-MS employing an aerosol local extraction cryogenic ablation cell. Anal Bioanal Chem 2023; 415:6051-6061. [PMID: 37541973 DOI: 10.1007/s00216-023-04878-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/06/2023] [Revised: 07/14/2023] [Accepted: 07/19/2023] [Indexed: 08/06/2023]
Abstract
A novel method for direct high-throughput analysis of multi-elements in cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) samples by laser ablation inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry with an aerosol local extraction cryogenic ablation cell (ALEC-LA-ICP-MS) was developed. Microliter-level CSF samples were frozen by a designed cryogenic ablation cell and directly analyzed by laser ablation inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (LA-ICP-MS) without time-consuming pretreatment. Compared with the precision obtained at room temperature (20℃), that obtained at low temperature (- 25℃) was significantly improved; the RSDs were reduced from 8.3% (Zn) to 32.6% (Mn) to 2.2% (Pb) to 6.5% (Mn) with six times parallel determination. To meet the analytical requirement of the micro-volume CSF samples, the laminar flow aerosol local extraction strategy was adopted to improve the transmission efficiency of aerosols, and the signal intensity was increased by four times compared with the standard commercial ablation cell. The standard solution with 0.4% bovine serum albumin (BSA) matrix was used as matrix-match external standard, and Rh was added into the samples as internal standard. The limits of detection (LODs) ranged from 0.17 μg·L-1 (Mn) to 8.67 μg·L-1 (Mg). Standard addition recovery experiments and the determination of CRM serum L-1 and L-2 were carried out to validate the accuracy of the method; all results indicated there were excellent accuracy and precision in the proposed method. The matrix-scanning function in the GeoLas software combined with the microwell plate realizes the high-throughput automatic analysis. Twenty-four CSF samples from different patients were determined; the results showed that there might be a correlation between the metal elements in CSF and the diseases, which means that the proposed method has potential in the diagnosis of neurological diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fan Li
- State Key Laboratory of Biogeology and Environmental Geology, School of Earth Sciences, China University of Geosciences, Wuhan, 430074, People's Republic of China
| | - Hua Cui
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430060, People's Republic of China
| | - Dingwen Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Biogeology and Environmental Geology, School of Earth Sciences, China University of Geosciences, Wuhan, 430074, People's Republic of China
| | - Huilai Li
- State Key Laboratory of Biogeology and Environmental Geology, School of Earth Sciences, China University of Geosciences, Wuhan, 430074, People's Republic of China
| | - Wei Guo
- State Key Laboratory of Biogeology and Environmental Geology, School of Earth Sciences, China University of Geosciences, Wuhan, 430074, People's Republic of China
| | - Lanlan Jin
- State Key Laboratory of Biogeology and Environmental Geology, School of Earth Sciences, China University of Geosciences, Wuhan, 430074, People's Republic of China
| | - Shenghong Hu
- State Key Laboratory of Biogeology and Environmental Geology, School of Earth Sciences, China University of Geosciences, Wuhan, 430074, People's Republic of China.
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Michalke B, Berthele A, Venkataramani V. Simultaneous Quantification and Speciation of Trace Metals in Paired Serum and CSF Samples by Size Exclusion Chromatography-Inductively Coupled Plasma-Dynamic Reaction Cell-Mass Spectrometry (SEC-DRC-ICP-MS). Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:ijms22168892. [PMID: 34445607 PMCID: PMC8396360 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22168892] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/14/2021] [Revised: 08/12/2021] [Accepted: 08/15/2021] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Transition metals play a crucial role in brain metabolism: since they exist in different oxidation states they are involved in ROS generation, but they are also co-factors of enzymes in cellular energy metabolism or oxidative defense. METHODS Paired serum and cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) samples were analyzed for iron, zinc, copper and manganese as well as for speciation using SEC-ICP-DRC-MS. Brain extracts from Mn-exposed rats were additionally analyzed with SEC-ICP-DRC-MS. RESULTS The concentration patterns of transition metal size fractions were correlated between serum and CSF: Total element concentrations were significantly lower in CSF. Fe-ferritin was decreased in CSF whereas a LMW Fe fraction was relatively increased. The 400-600 kDa Zn fraction and the Cu-ceruloplasmin fraction were decreased in CSF, by contrast the 40-80 kDa fraction, containing Cu- and Zn-albumin, relatively increased. For manganese, the α-2-macroglobulin fraction showed significantly lower concentration in CSF, whereas the citrate Mn fraction was enriched. Results from the rat brain extracts supported the findings from human paired serum and CSF samples. CONCLUSIONS Transition metals are strictly controlled at neural barriers (NB) of neurologic healthy patients. High molecular weight species are down-concentrated along NB, however, the Mn-citrate fraction seems to be less controlled, which may be problematic under environmental load.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bernhard Michalke
- Research Unit Analytical BioGeoChemistry, Helmholtz Center Munich—German Research Center for Environmental Health, 85764 Neuherberg, Germany
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +49-8931874206
| | - Achim Berthele
- Department of Neurology, School of Medicine, Technical University of Munich (TUM), Klinikum rechts der Isar, 81675 Munich, Germany;
| | - Vivek Venkataramani
- Department of Medicine II, Hematology/Oncology, University Hospital Frankfurt, 60590 Frankfurt am Main, Germany;
- Institute of Pathology, University Medical Center Göttingen (UMG), 37075 Göttingen, Germany
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Planeta K, Kubala-Kukus A, Drozdz A, Matusiak K, Setkowicz Z, Chwiej J. The assessment of the usability of selected instrumental techniques for the elemental analysis of biomedical samples. Sci Rep 2021; 11:3704. [PMID: 33580127 PMCID: PMC7881205 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-021-82179-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/08/2020] [Accepted: 01/18/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
The fundamental role of major, minor and trace elements in different physiological and pathological processes occurring in living organism makes that elemental analysis of biomedical samples becomes more and more popular issue. The most often used tools for analysis of the elemental composition of biological samples include Flame and Graphite Furnace Atomic Absorption Spectroscopy (F-AAS and GF-AAS), Inductively Coupled Plasma Optical Emission Spectroscopy (ICP-OES) and Inductively Coupled Plasma Mass Spectrometry (ICP-MS). Each of these techniques has many advantages and limitations that should be considered in the first stage of planning the measurement procedure. Their reliability can be checked in the validation process and the precision, trueness and detection limits of elements belong to the most frequently determined validation parameters. The main purpose of this paper was the discussion of selected instrumental techniques (F-AAS, GF-AAS, ICP-OES and ICP-MS) in term of the achieved validation parameters and the usefulness in the analysis of biological samples. The focus in the detailed literature studies was also put on the methods of preparation of the biomedical samples. What is more based on the own data the usefulness of the total reflection X-ray fluorescence spectroscopy for the elemental analysis of animal tissues was examined. The detection limits of elements, precision and trueness for the technique were determined and compared with the literature data concerning other of the discussed techniques of elemental analysis. Reassuming, the following paper is to serve as a guide and comprehensive source of information concerning the validation parameters achievable in different instrumental techniques used for the elemental analysis of biomedical samples.
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Affiliation(s)
- Karolina Planeta
- Faculty of Physics and Applied Computer Science, AGH University of Science and Technology, Krakow, Poland
| | - Aldona Kubala-Kukus
- Institute of Physics, Jan Kochanowski University, Kielce, Poland
- Holly Cross Cancer Centre, Kielce, Poland
| | - Agnieszka Drozdz
- Faculty of Physics and Applied Computer Science, AGH University of Science and Technology, Krakow, Poland
| | - Katarzyna Matusiak
- Faculty of Physics and Applied Computer Science, AGH University of Science and Technology, Krakow, Poland
| | - Zuzanna Setkowicz
- Institute of Zoology and Biomedical Research, Jagiellonian University, Krakow, Poland
| | - Joanna Chwiej
- Faculty of Physics and Applied Computer Science, AGH University of Science and Technology, Krakow, Poland.
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6
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Grigoryan R, Costas-Rodríguez M, Santens P, Vanhaecke F. Multicollector Inductively Coupled Plasma-Mass Spectrometry with 10 13 Ω Faraday Cup Amplifiers for Ultrasensitive Mg Isotopic Analysis of Cerebrospinal Fluid Microsamples. Anal Chem 2020; 92:15975-15981. [PMID: 33226203 DOI: 10.1021/acs.analchem.0c03431] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
Abstract
Magnesium isotopic analysis of cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) is a potentially interesting approach for studies on neurodegeneration. However, this type of analysis is challenging because of the invasiveness of the sampling and small sample volume. In this work, a novel analytical method was developed for ultrasensitive Mg isotopic analysis of CSF microsamples via multicollector inductively coupled plasma-mass spectrometry (MC-ICP-MS) using high-gain 1013 Ω Faraday cup amplifiers. The intermediate and internal errors on the δ26Mg value were improved up to fourfold using 1013 Ω resistors for the monitoring of both the 24Mg and 26Mg isotopes and up to twofold using a 1011 Ω resistor for the most abundant 24Mg isotope and a 1013 Ω resistor for the 26Mg isotope. Magnesium isotope ratios measured at a concentration level of 7-10 μg L-1 were in good agreement with those obtained using the conventional method at a concentration level of 150 μg L-1. The expanded uncertainty for the quality control CSF material obtained at the ultratrace level was ±0.16‰. Ultrasensitive Mg isotopic analysis was carried out for CSF from hydrocephalus patients using only 5 μL of sample. δMg values thus obtained were not significantly different from those obtained using the conventional method using a sample volume of 400 μL instead (p ≤ 0.05). The Mg isotopic composition of the CSF from hydrocephalus patients ranged between -0.65 and 0.30‰, with a mean δ26Mg value of -0.14 ± 0.27‰.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rosa Grigoryan
- Department of Chemistry, Atomic & Mass Spectrometry-A&MS Research Unit, Ghent University, Campus Sterre, Krijgslaan 281-S12, Ghent 9000, Belgium
| | - Marta Costas-Rodríguez
- Department of Chemistry, Atomic & Mass Spectrometry-A&MS Research Unit, Ghent University, Campus Sterre, Krijgslaan 281-S12, Ghent 9000, Belgium
| | - Patrick Santens
- Department of Neurology, Ghent University Hospital, C. Heymanslaan 10, Ghent 9000, Belgium
| | - Frank Vanhaecke
- Department of Chemistry, Atomic & Mass Spectrometry-A&MS Research Unit, Ghent University, Campus Sterre, Krijgslaan 281-S12, Ghent 9000, Belgium
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7
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Royds J, Conroy MJ, Dunne MR, Cassidy H, Matallanas D, Lysaght J, McCrory C. Examination and characterisation of burst spinal cord stimulation on cerebrospinal fluid cellular and protein constituents in patient responders with chronic neuropathic pain - A Pilot Study. J Neuroimmunol 2020; 344:577249. [PMID: 32361148 DOI: 10.1016/j.jneuroim.2020.577249] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/28/2019] [Revised: 03/11/2020] [Accepted: 04/21/2020] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Patients with neuropathic pain have altered proteomic and neuropeptide constituents in cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) compared to controls. Tonic spinal cord stimulation (SCS) has demonstrated differential expression of neuropeptides in CSF before and after treatment suggesting potential mechanisms of action. Burst-SCS is an evidence-based paraesthesia free waveform utilised for neuropathic pain with a potentially different mechanistic action to tonic SCS. This study examines the dynamic biological changes of CSF at a cellular and proteome level after Burst-SCS. METHODS Patients with neuropathic pain selected for SCS had CSF sampled prior to implant of SCS and following 8 weeks of continuous Burst-SCS. Baseline and 8-week pain scores with demographics were recorded. T cell frequencies were analysed by flow cytometry, proteome analysis was performed using mass spectrometry and secreted cytokines, chemokines and neurotrophins were measured by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). RESULTS 4 patients (2 females, 2 males) with a mean age of 51 years (+/-SEM 2.74, SD 5.48) achieved a reduction in pain of >50% following 8 weeks of Burst-SCS. Analysis of the CSF proteome indicated a significant alteration in protein expression most related to synapse assembly and immune regulators. There was significantly lower expression of the proteins: growth hormone A1 (PRL), somatostatin (SST), nucleobindin-2 (NUCB2), Calbindin (CALB1), acyl-CoA binding protein (DBI), proSAAS (PCSK1N), endothelin-3 (END3) and cholecystokinin (CCK) after Burst-SCS. The concentrations of secreted chemokines and cytokines and the frequencies of T cells were not significantly changed following Burst-SCS. CONCLUSION This study characterised the alteration in the CSF proteome in response to burst SCS in vivo. Functional analysis indicated that the alterations in the CSF proteome is predominately linked to synapse assembly and immune effectors. Individual protein analysis also suggests potential supraspinal mechanisms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jonathan Royds
- Department of Pain Medicine, St. James Hospital, Dublin and School of Medicine, Trinity College Dublin, Ireland.
| | - Melissa J Conroy
- Department of Surgery, Trinity Translational Medicine Institute, St. James's Hospital and Trinity College Dublin, Dublin 8, Ireland
| | - Margaret R Dunne
- Department of Surgery, Trinity Translational Medicine Institute, St. James's Hospital and Trinity College Dublin, Dublin 8, Ireland
| | - Hilary Cassidy
- Systems Biology Ireland, School of Medicine, University College Dublin, Dublin 4, Ireland
| | - David Matallanas
- Systems Biology Ireland, School of Medicine, University College Dublin, Dublin 4, Ireland
| | - Joanne Lysaght
- Department of Surgery, Trinity Translational Medicine Institute, St. James's Hospital and Trinity College Dublin, Dublin 8, Ireland
| | - Connail McCrory
- Department of Pain Medicine, St. James Hospital, Dublin and School of Medicine, Trinity College Dublin, Ireland
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Fishman MA, Antony A, Esposito M, Deer T, Levy R. The Evolution of Neuromodulation in the Treatment of Chronic Pain: Forward-Looking Perspectives. PAIN MEDICINE 2020; 20:S58-S68. [PMID: 31152176 PMCID: PMC6600066 DOI: 10.1093/pm/pnz074] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Background The field of neuromodulation is continually evolving, with the past decade showing significant advancement in the therapeutic efficacy of neuromodulation procedures. The continued evolution of neuromodulation technology brings with it the promise of addressing the needs of both patients and physicians, as current technology improves and clinical applications expand. Design This review highlights the current state of the art of neuromodulation for treating chronic pain, describes key areas of development including stimulation patterns and neural targets, expanding indications and applications, feedback-controlled systems, noninvasive approaches, and biomarkers for neuromodulation and technology miniaturization. Results and Conclusions The field of neuromodulation is undergoing a renaissance of technology development with potential for profoundly improving the care of chronic pain patients. New and emerging targets like the dorsal root ganglion, as well as high-frequency and patterned stimulation methodologies such as burst stimulation, are paving the way for better clinical outcomes. As we look forward to the future, neural sensing, novel target-specific stimulation patterns, and approaches combining neuromodulation therapies are likely to significantly impact how neuromodulation is used. Moreover, select biomarkers may influence and guide the use of neuromodulation and help objectively demonstrate efficacy and outcomes.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Timothy Deer
- The Spine and Nerve Center of the Virginias, Charleston, West Virginia
| | - Robert Levy
- Institute for Neuromodulation, Boca Raton, Florida, USA
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9
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De Andrés J, Navarrete-Rueda F, Fabregat G, García-Gutiérrez MS, Monsalve-Dolz V, Harutyunyan A, Mínguez-Martí A, Rodriguez-Lopez R, Manzanares J. Differences in Gene Expression of Endogenous Opioid Peptide Precursor, Cannabinoid 1 and 2 Receptors and Interleukin Beta in Peripheral Blood Mononuclear Cells of Patients With Refractory Failed Back Surgery Syndrome Treated With Spinal Cord Stimulation: Markers of Therapeutic Outcomes? Neuromodulation 2020; 24:49-60. [PMID: 32027775 DOI: 10.1111/ner.13111] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/03/2019] [Revised: 01/07/2020] [Accepted: 01/09/2020] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The use of spinal cord stimulation for patients with failed back surgery syndrome (FBSS) is very common. In order to better understand the mechanisms of action of spinal cord stimulation (SCS), our aim was to determine potential changes in relative gene and protein expression in the peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) of patients as potential biomarkers of disease outcomes and potential new targets for therapy. METHODS Twenty-four patients with diagnosis of FBSS refractory to conservative therapy for at least six months were included in the study. Clinical evaluation in this study included validated questionnaires. Blood samples (10 mL) were collected five times from baseline until two months after implant of the leads. Proenkephalin (PENK), cannabinoid receptors CB1 and CB2, and interleukin 1β (IL 1β) were analyzed. Each patient served as his/her own control by comparing the samples collected at different time points against the baseline sample collected at T0. RESULTS A total of 16 patients met all relevant criteria during the whole study and were assessed. Only PENK showed significant changes over time (Friedman p = 0.000). A positive correlation was observed between changes in visual analog scale (VAS) scores and PENK and a negative correlation between changes in PENK and Short Form-12 (SF-12) mental component score (MCS) scores, as well as between changes in IL 1β and Pain Detect Questionnaire (PD-Q) scores. As PENK changes increased, so did pain (VAS). As changes in PENK increased, SF-12 MCS health worsened. As changes in IL 1β increased, PD-Q values decreased. No severe adverse events occurred. CONCLUSIONS Previously unknown effects of SCS on levels of PBMCs biomarkers are demonstrated. The findings of our research suggest a potential for useful integration of genome analysis and lymphocyte expression in the daily practice of neurostimulation for pain management and represent a novel road map in the light of the important questions that remain unanswered.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jose De Andrés
- Anesthesia Unit-Surgical specialties department. Valencia University Medical School. Department of Anesthesiology, Critical Care and Pain Management. General University Hospital, Valencia, Spain
| | | | - Gustavo Fabregat
- Multidisciplinary Pain Management Division, Department of Anesthesia, General University Hospital, Valencia, Spain
| | | | - Vincente Monsalve-Dolz
- Multidisciplinary Pain Management Division, Department of Anesthesia, General University Hospital, Valencia, Spain
| | - Anushik Harutyunyan
- Multidisciplinary Pain Management Division, Department of Anesthesia, General University Hospital, Valencia, Spain
| | - Ana Mínguez-Martí
- Multidisciplinary Pain Management Division, Department of Anesthesia, General University Hospital, Valencia, Spain
| | | | - Jorge Manzanares
- Institute of Neurosciences, Miguel Hernández University, CSIC, Alicante, Spain
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10
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Noli F, Papadopoulos P, Kolias P, Tsiridis E, Papavasiliou K, Sayegh F. Neutron activation analysis for determination of metal ions in biological fluids of patients after CoCrMo arthroplasty. J Radioanal Nucl Chem 2019. [DOI: 10.1007/s10967-019-06718-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
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11
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Caylor J, Reddy R, Yin S, Cui C, Huang M, Huang C, Rao R, Baker DG, Simmons A, Souza D, Narouze S, Vallejo R, Lerman I. Spinal cord stimulation in chronic pain: evidence and theory for mechanisms of action. Bioelectron Med 2019; 5:12. [PMID: 31435499 PMCID: PMC6703564 DOI: 10.1186/s42234-019-0023-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 105] [Impact Index Per Article: 21.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/11/2019] [Accepted: 05/30/2019] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Well-established in the field of bioelectronic medicine, Spinal Cord Stimulation (SCS) offers an implantable, non-pharmacologic treatment for patients with intractable chronic pain conditions. Chronic pain is a widely heterogenous syndrome with regard to both pathophysiology and the resultant phenotype. Despite advances in our understanding of SCS-mediated antinociception, there still exists limited evidence clarifying the pathways recruited when patterned electric pulses are applied to the epidural space. The rapid clinical implementation of novel SCS methods including burst, high frequency and dorsal root ganglion SCS has provided the clinician with multiple options to treat refractory chronic pain. While compelling evidence for safety and efficacy exists in support of these novel paradigms, our understanding of their mechanisms of action (MOA) dramatically lags behind clinical data. In this review, we reconstruct the available basic science and clinical literature that offers support for mechanisms of both paresthesia spinal cord stimulation (P-SCS) and paresthesia-free spinal cord stimulation (PF-SCS). While P-SCS has been heavily examined since its inception, PF-SCS paradigms have recently been clinically approved with the support of limited preclinical research. Thus, wide knowledge gaps exist between their clinical efficacy and MOA. To close this gap, many rich investigative avenues for both P-SCS and PF-SCS are underway, which will further open the door for paradigm optimization, adjunctive therapies and new indications for SCS. As our understanding of these mechanisms evolves, clinicians will be empowered with the possibility of improving patient care using SCS to selectively target specific pathophysiological processes in chronic pain.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jacob Caylor
- Department of Anesthesiology, Center for Pain Medicine, University of California San Diego School of Medicine, La Jolla, CA USA
| | - Rajiv Reddy
- Department of Anesthesiology, Center for Pain Medicine, University of California San Diego School of Medicine, La Jolla, CA USA
| | - Sopyda Yin
- Department of Anesthesiology, Center for Pain Medicine, University of California San Diego School of Medicine, La Jolla, CA USA
| | - Christina Cui
- Department of Anesthesiology, Center for Pain Medicine, University of California San Diego School of Medicine, La Jolla, CA USA
| | - Mingxiong Huang
- Department of Radiology, University of California San Diego School of Medicine, La Jolla, CA USA
- Department of Radiology, VA San Diego Healthcare System, La Jolla, CA USA
| | - Charles Huang
- Department of Radiology, VA San Diego Healthcare System, La Jolla, CA USA
- Department of Bioengineering, Stanford University, Palo Alto, CA USA
| | - Ramesh Rao
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA USA
| | - Dewleen G. Baker
- VA Center of Excellence for Stress and Mental Health, VA San Diego Healthcare System, La Jolla, CA USA
- Department of Psychiatry, University of California San Diego School of Medicine, La Jolla, CA USA
| | - Alan Simmons
- VA Center of Excellence for Stress and Mental Health, VA San Diego Healthcare System, La Jolla, CA USA
- Department of Psychiatry, University of California San Diego School of Medicine, La Jolla, CA USA
| | - Dmitri Souza
- Center for Pain Medicine, Western Reserve Hospital. Department of Surgery, Northeast Ohio Medical School (NEOMED), Athens, OH USA
| | - Samer Narouze
- Center for Pain Medicine, Western Reserve Hospital. Department of Surgery, Northeast Ohio Medical School (NEOMED), Athens, OH USA
| | - Ricardo Vallejo
- Basic Science Research, Millennium Pain Center, Bloomington, IL USA
- School of Biological Sciences, Illinois State University, Normal, IL USA
- Department of Psychology, Illinois Wesleyan University, Bloomington, IL USA
| | - Imanuel Lerman
- Department of Anesthesiology, Center for Pain Medicine, University of California San Diego School of Medicine, La Jolla, CA USA
- VA Center of Excellence for Stress and Mental Health, VA San Diego Healthcare System, La Jolla, CA USA
- Department of Radiology, VA San Diego Healthcare System, La Jolla, CA USA
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA USA
- Present Address: VA San Diego, 3350 La Jolla Village Dr, (MC116A), San Diego, CA 92161 USA
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12
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Grochowski C, Blicharska E, Krukow P, Jonak K, Maciejewski M, Szczepanek D, Jonak K, Flieger J, Maciejewski R. Analysis of Trace Elements in Human Brain: Its Aim, Methods, and Concentration Levels. Front Chem 2019; 7:115. [PMID: 30891444 PMCID: PMC6411644 DOI: 10.3389/fchem.2019.00115] [Citation(s) in RCA: 52] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/20/2018] [Accepted: 02/14/2019] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Trace elements play a crucial role in many biochemical processes, mainly as components of vitamins and enzymes. Although small amounts of metal ions have protective properties, excess metal levels result in oxidative injury, which is why metal ion homeostasis is crucial for the proper functioning of the brain. The changes of their level in the brain have been proven to be a risk factor for Alzheimer's, Parkinson's, and Huntington's diseases, as well as amyotrophic lateral sclerosis. Therefore, it is currently an important application of various analytical methods. This review covers the most important of them: inductively coupled ground mass spectrometry (ICP-MS), flame-induced atomic absorption spectrometry (FAAS), electrothermal atomic absorption spectrometry (GFAAS), optical emission spectrometry with excitation in inductively coupled plasma (ICP-OES), X-ray fluorescence spectrometry (XRF), and neutron activation analysis (NAA). Additionally, we present a summary of concentration values found by different research groups.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cezary Grochowski
- Department of Anatomy, Medical University of Lublin, Lublin, Poland
- Department of Neurosurgery and Pediatric Neurosurgery, Medical University of Lublin, Lublin, Poland
| | - Eliza Blicharska
- Department of Analytical Chemistry, Medical University of Lublin, Lublin, Poland
| | - Paweł Krukow
- Department of Clinical Neuropsychiatry, Medical University of Lublin, Lublin, Poland
| | - Kamil Jonak
- Department of Psychiatry, Psychotherapy and Early Intervention, Medical University of Lublin, Lublin, Poland
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Lublin University of Technology, Lublin, Poland
| | - Marcin Maciejewski
- Institute of Electronics and Information Technology, Lublin University of Technology, Lublin, Poland
| | - Dariusz Szczepanek
- Department of Neurosurgery and Pediatric Neurosurgery, Medical University of Lublin, Lublin, Poland
| | - Katarzyna Jonak
- Department of Foreign Languages, Medical University of Lublin, Lublin, Poland
| | - Jolanta Flieger
- Department of Analytical Chemistry, Medical University of Lublin, Lublin, Poland
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13
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Theiner S, Schoeberl A, Fischer L, Neumayer S, Hann S, Koellensperger G. FI-ICP-TOFMS for quantification of biologically essential trace elements in cerebrospinal fluid – high-throughput at low sample volume. Analyst 2019; 144:4653-4660. [DOI: 10.1039/c9an00039a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
A high-throughput ICP-TOFMS method is presented for multi-element quantification in CSF material requiring low sample volume.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sarah Theiner
- Institute of Analytical Chemistry
- University of Vienna
- 1090 Vienna
- Austria
| | - Anna Schoeberl
- Institute of Analytical Chemistry
- University of Vienna
- 1090 Vienna
- Austria
| | - Lisa Fischer
- Department of Chemistry
- University of Natural Resources and Life Sciences
- BOKU Vienna
- 1190 Vienna
- Austria
| | - Sophie Neumayer
- Institute of Analytical Chemistry
- University of Vienna
- 1090 Vienna
- Austria
| | - Stephan Hann
- Department of Chemistry
- University of Natural Resources and Life Sciences
- BOKU Vienna
- 1190 Vienna
- Austria
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14
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Sankarasubramanian V, Harte SE, Chiravuri S, Harris RE, Brummett CM, Patil PG, Clauw DJ, Lempka SF. Objective Measures to Characterize the Physiological Effects of Spinal Cord Stimulation in Neuropathic Pain: A Literature Review. Neuromodulation 2018; 22:127-148. [PMID: 30246905 DOI: 10.1111/ner.12804] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/18/2018] [Revised: 05/21/2018] [Accepted: 05/29/2018] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The physiological mechanisms behind the therapeutic effects of spinal cord stimulation (SCS) are only partially understood. Our aim was to perform a literature review of studies that used objective measures to characterize mechanisms of action of SCS in neuropathic pain patients. MATERIALS AND METHODS We searched the PubMed data base to identify clinical studies that used objective measures to assess the effects of SCS in neuropathic pain. We extracted the study factors (e.g., type of measure, diagnoses, painful area[s], and SCS parameters) and outcomes from the included studies. RESULTS We included 67 studies. Of these, 24 studies used neurophysiological measures, 14 studies used functional neuroimaging techniques, three studies used a combination of neurophysiological and functional neuroimaging techniques, 14 studies used quantitative sensory testing, and 12 studies used proteomic, vascular, and/or pedometric measures. Our findings suggest that SCS largely inhibits somatosensory processing and/or spinal nociceptive activity. Our findings also suggest that SCS modulates activity across specific regions of the central nervous system that play a prominent role in the sensory and emotional functions of pain. CONCLUSIONS SCS appears to modulate pain via spinal and/or supraspinal mechanisms of action (e.g., pain gating, descending pain inhibition). However, to better understand the mechanisms of action of SCS, we believe that it is necessary to carry out systematic, controlled, and well-powered studies using objective patient measures. To optimize the clinical effectiveness of SCS for neuropathic pain, we also believe that it is necessary to develop and implement patient-specific approaches.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Steven E Harte
- Department of Anesthesiology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA.,Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Rheumatology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | - Srinivas Chiravuri
- Department of Anesthesiology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | - Richard E Harris
- Department of Anesthesiology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA.,Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Rheumatology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | - Chad M Brummett
- Department of Anesthesiology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | - Parag G Patil
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA.,Department of Anesthesiology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA.,Department of Neurological Surgery, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | - Daniel J Clauw
- Department of Anesthesiology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA.,Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Rheumatology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | - Scott F Lempka
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA.,Department of Anesthesiology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA.,Biointerfaces Institute, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
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15
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Analysis of Blood Concentrations of Zinc, Germanium, and Lead and Relevant Environmental Factors in a Population Sample from Shandong Province, China. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2017; 14:ijerph14030227. [PMID: 28245579 PMCID: PMC5369063 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph14030227] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/11/2017] [Revised: 02/10/2017] [Accepted: 02/17/2017] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
Abstract
Trace elements, including zinc (Zn) and germanium (Ge), are essential for health; deficiency or excess levels of trace elements results is harmful. As a result of industrial and agricultural production, Pb widely exists in people’s living environment. It is absorbed mainly through the respiratory and digestive tracts, producing systemic harm. Reference values for a normal, healthy population are necessary for health assessment, prevention and treatment of related diseases, and evaluation of occupational exposures. Reference ranges for the Chinese population have not been established. From March 2009 to February 2010; we collected data and blood samples (n = 1302) from residents aged 6–60 years living in Shandong Province, China. We measured blood concentrations of Zn, Ge, and Pb using inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry to determine reference ranges. Results were stratified by factors likely to affect the concentrations of these trace elements: sex, use of cosmetics or hair dye, age, alcohol intake, smoking habits, and consumption of fried food. The overall geometric mean (GM) concentrations (95% confidence interval) were 3.14 (3.08–3.20) mg/L for Zn, 19.9 (19.3–20.6) μg/L for Ge, and 24.1 (23.2–25.1) μg/L for Pb. Blood Zn concentrations were higher in women than in men (p < 0.001), while the opposite was found for Pb (p < 0.001) and sex did not influence Ge (p = 0.095). Alcohol use was associated with higher blood concentrations of Zn (p = 0.002), Ge (p = 0.002), and Pb (p = 0.001). The GM concentration of Zn was highest in 20–30-year-olds (p < 0.001), while Pb concentrations were highest in 12–16-year-olds (p < 0.001). Use of hair dye was associated with lower blood concentrations of Ge (p < 0.05). GM blood concentrations of Pb differed significantly between those who consumed fried foods 1–2 times/month (18.7 μg/L), 1–2 times/week (20.9 μg/L), and every day (28.5 μg/L; p < 0.001). Blood Pb concentrations were higher in subjects who used cosmetics (p < 0.05), hair dye (p < 0.05), and who smoked cigarettes (p < 0.001) than in those who did not.
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