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Xu X, Mo C, Qin J, Cai J, Liu Q, Tang X, Zhang H, Zhang Z. Association between Copper Exposure and Cognitive Function: A Cross-Sectional Study in a County, Guangxi, China. Biol Trace Elem Res 2024:10.1007/s12011-024-04296-0. [PMID: 38965167 DOI: 10.1007/s12011-024-04296-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/04/2024] [Accepted: 06/28/2024] [Indexed: 07/06/2024]
Abstract
There has been growing attention to the impact of copper exposure on cognitive function; however, current research on the specific information regarding urinary copper and cognitive function is limited, particularly detailed analyses in the Chinese adult population. This study aimed to explore the association between copper exposure and cognitive function in a cross-sectional design. A total of 2617 participants in a county, Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region (Guangxi), China, were included. The mini-mental state examination (MMSE) was used to assess cognitive function, and inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry was used to measure urinary metal levels. Spearman's rank correlation was used to analyze the correlation between urinary copper levels and various cognitive function assessment indices. After adjusting for potential confounders, binary logistic regression was used to explore the association between urinary copper levels and the risk of cognitive impairment (CI) as revealed by MMSE, and restricted cubic spline regression was further used to explore the dose-response relationship. The results showed a negative correlation between urinary copper levels and orientation, attention and calculation, memory, language ability, and MMSE total scores (P < 0.05). Compared with the low copper exposure group, the high exposure group showed a 58.5% increased risk of CI (OR = 1.585, 95%CI: 1.125 to 2.235, P = 0.008). A significant linear dose-response relationship was observed between urinary copper levels and the risk of CI (P overall = 0.045, P nonlinearity = 0.081). Our findings suggest that higher copper exposure may be associated with CI in the population of a county, Guangxi, China.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xia Xu
- Department of Occupational Health and Environmental Health, School of Public Health, Guangxi Medical University, Shuangyong Road 22, Nanning, 530021, Guangxi, China
| | - Chunbao Mo
- School of Medicine, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen, Guangdong, China
| | - Jian Qin
- Department of Occupational Health and Environmental Health, School of Public Health, Guangxi Medical University, Shuangyong Road 22, Nanning, 530021, Guangxi, China
- Guangxi Colleges and Universities Key Laboratory of Prevention and Control of Highly Prevalent Diseases, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, Guangxi, China
- Guangxi Key Laboratory of Environment and Health Research, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, Guangxi, China
- Key Laboratory of Longevity and Aging-Related Diseases of Chinese Ministry of Education, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, Guangxi, China
| | - Jiansheng Cai
- School of Public Health, Guilin Medical University, Lequn Road 20, Guilin, 541001, Guangxi, China
- Guangxi Key Laboratory of Entire Lifecycle Health and Care, Guilin Medical University, Guilin, Guangxi, China
| | - Qiumei Liu
- Department of Occupational Health and Environmental Health, School of Public Health, Guangxi Medical University, Shuangyong Road 22, Nanning, 530021, Guangxi, China
| | - Xu Tang
- Department of Occupational Health and Environmental Health, School of Public Health, Guangxi Medical University, Shuangyong Road 22, Nanning, 530021, Guangxi, China
| | - Haiying Zhang
- Department of Occupational Health and Environmental Health, School of Public Health, Guangxi Medical University, Shuangyong Road 22, Nanning, 530021, Guangxi, China.
- Guangxi Colleges and Universities Key Laboratory of Prevention and Control of Highly Prevalent Diseases, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, Guangxi, China.
| | - Zhiyong Zhang
- Department of Occupational Health and Environmental Health, School of Public Health, Guangxi Medical University, Shuangyong Road 22, Nanning, 530021, Guangxi, China.
- School of Public Health, Guilin Medical University, Lequn Road 20, Guilin, 541001, Guangxi, China.
- Guangxi Key Laboratory of Entire Lifecycle Health and Care, Guilin Medical University, Guilin, Guangxi, China.
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Zielinska-Pukos MA, Michalska-Kacymirow M, Kurek E, Bulska E, Grabowicz-Chądrzyńska I, Wesołowska A, Hamulka J. Breastmilk mineral composition among well-educated mothers from Central Poland - Associations with maternal dietary intake, dietary patterns and infant psychomotor development. J Trace Elem Med Biol 2024; 83:127393. [PMID: 38271826 DOI: 10.1016/j.jtemb.2024.127393] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/30/2023] [Revised: 12/18/2023] [Accepted: 01/09/2024] [Indexed: 01/27/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Maternal dietary habits could affect breastmilk mineral composition, which may influence infant development. Mineral dietary intake or supplementation slightly affects its breastmilk concentration. However, the intake of selected food groups or dietary patterns that reflect diet complexity could have a greater impact. Hence, the aim of the study was to assess breastmilk mineral composition at one, three, and six months of lactation among mothers living in urban area of Central Poland, as well as the evaluate maternal dietary determinants and associations with infant anthropometric and psychomotor development. METHODS The study was conducted among 43 healthy and exclusively breastfeeding mothers. In the first, third, and sixth months of lactation, we collected breastmilk samples and assessed the concentration of Ca, P, Zn, Fe, Se, Ni, As, Pb, and Cd using the ICP-MS method. Maternal dietary habits were evaluated by a food frequency questionnaire in the first month of lactation, whereas in the third and sixth by the three-day food record. Based on the collected data adherence to the Polish-adapted Mediterranean (Pl-aMED; 1 month) and the DASH diet (Mellen's Index; 3 and 6 months) was assessed. In the third and sixth months of lactation infant anthropometric parameters and the sixth month of lactation psychomotor development were evaluated. RESULTS Breastmilk Se, Ni, As, Pb, and Cd levels were under the LOQ in all the breastmilk samples at all study visits. Median breastmilk mineral concentrations of Ca, P, Zn, and Fe in the first, third, and sixth months of lactation varied from 381.9 to 332.7 mg/L, 161.6 to 139.1 mg/L, 2.2 to 0.8 mg/L, and 0.26 to 0.17 mg/L, respectively. Maternal dietary intake and supplementation did not affect breastmilk Ca, P, Zn, and Fe. Pl-aMED scores were associated with breastmilk Ca (β = 0.489, 95% CI 0.180 - 0.799, p = 0.003) and Zn (β = 0.499, 95% CI 0.199 - 0.798, p = 0.002) in the first month of lactation, whereas no association with the DASH diet were observed in the third and sixth month of lactation. Breastmilk Fe in the third month was associated with infant motor development (β = 0.420, 95% CI 0.113 - 0.727, p = 0.009) in the sixth month of life, but no other associations with anthropometric or psychomotor development were observed. Moreover, we estimated that few infants meet their adequate intake (AI) requirements for P, Zn, and Fe. CONCLUSION Our study showed that maternal adherence to Pl-aMED is a significant predictor of breastmilk Ca and Zn in the first month of lactation, which may be especially important considering that more than 75% of infants had inadequate Zn intake. Moreover, we found that breastmilk Fe positively influenced infant motor development, despite the majority of infants having inadequate intake. On the other hand, no infant had deficiency symptoms, which emphasizes the necessity to evaluate of AI norms for infants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Monika A Zielinska-Pukos
- Department of Human Nutrition, Institute of Human Nutrition Sciences, Warsaw University of Life Sciences (SGGW-WULS), Nowoursynowska St. 159c, 02-776 Warsaw, Poland.
| | - Magdalena Michalska-Kacymirow
- Faculty of Chemistry, Biological and Chemical Research Centre, University of Warsaw, Żwirki i Wigury St. 101, 02-089 Warsaw, Poland
| | - Eliza Kurek
- Faculty of Chemistry, Biological and Chemical Research Centre, University of Warsaw, Żwirki i Wigury St. 101, 02-089 Warsaw, Poland
| | - Ewa Bulska
- Faculty of Chemistry, Biological and Chemical Research Centre, University of Warsaw, Żwirki i Wigury St. 101, 02-089 Warsaw, Poland
| | | | - Aleksandra Wesołowska
- Department of Medical Biology, Laboratory of Human Milk and Lactation Research at Regional Human Milk Bank in Holy Family Hospital, Faculty of Health Sciences, Medical University of Warsaw, 14/16 Litewska St., 00-575 Warsaw, Poland
| | - Jadwiga Hamulka
- Department of Human Nutrition, Institute of Human Nutrition Sciences, Warsaw University of Life Sciences (SGGW-WULS), Nowoursynowska St. 159c, 02-776 Warsaw, Poland
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