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Calabrese EJ, Pressman P, Hayes AW, Kapoor R, Dhawan G, Agathokleous E, Calabrese V. Taurine induces hormesis in multiple biological models: May have transformative implications for overall societal health. Chem Biol Interact 2024; 392:110930. [PMID: 38432405 DOI: 10.1016/j.cbi.2024.110930] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/19/2023] [Revised: 02/14/2024] [Accepted: 02/22/2024] [Indexed: 03/05/2024]
Abstract
This paper represents the first integrative assessment and documentation of taurine-induced hormetic effects in the biological and biomedical areas, their dose response features, mechanistic frameworks, and possible public health, therapeutic and commercial applications. Taurine-induced hormetic effects are documented in a wide range of experimental models, cell types and for numerous biological endpoints, with most of these experimental findings being reported within the past five years. It is suggested that the concept of hormesis may have a transformative effect on taurine research and its public health and therapeutic applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Edward J Calabrese
- School of Public Health and Health Sciences, Department of Environmental Health, Morrill I-N344, University of Massachusetts, Amherst, MA, 01003, USA.
| | - Peter Pressman
- University of Maine, 5728 Fernald Hall, Room 201, Orono, ME, 04469, USA.
| | - A Wallace Hayes
- Center for Environmental Occupational Risk Analysis and Management, College of Public Health, University of South Florida, Tampa, FL, USA.
| | - Rachna Kapoor
- Saint Francis Hospital and Medical Center, Hartford, CT, USA.
| | - Gaurav Dhawan
- Sri Guru Ram Das (SGRD), University of Health Sciences, Amritsar, India.
| | - Evgenios Agathokleous
- School of Ecology and Applied Meteorology, Nanjing University of Information Science & Technology, Nanjing, 210044, China.
| | - Vittorio Calabrese
- Department of Biomedical and Biotechnological Sciences, School of Medicine University of Catania, Via Santa Sofia 97, Catania, 95123, Italy.
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López-Otín C, Kroemer G. The missing hallmark of health: psychosocial adaptation. Cell Stress 2024; 8:21-50. [PMID: 38476764 PMCID: PMC10928495 DOI: 10.15698/cst2024.03.294] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/11/2024] [Revised: 02/09/2024] [Accepted: 02/12/2024] [Indexed: 03/14/2024] Open
Abstract
The eight biological hallmarks of health that we initially postulated (Cell. 2021 Jan 7;184(1):33-63) include features of spatial compartmentalization (integrity of barriers, containment of local perturbations), maintenance of homeostasis over time (recycling & turnover, integration of circuitries, rhythmic oscillations) and an array of adequate responses to stress (homeostatic resilience, hormetic regulation, repair & regeneration). These hallmarks affect all eight somatic strata of the human body (molecules, organelles, cells, supracellular units, organs, organ systems, systemic circuitries and meta-organism). Here we postulate that mental and socioeconomic factors must be added to this 8×8 matrix as an additional hallmark of health ("psychosocial adaptation") and as an additional stratum ("psychosocial interactions"), hence building a 9×9 matrix. Potentially, perturbation of each of the somatic hallmarks and strata affects psychosocial factors and vice versa. Finally, we discuss the (patho)physiological bases of these interactions and their implications for mental health improvement.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carlos López-Otín
- Centre de Recherche des Cordeliers, Equipe labellisée par la Ligue contre le cancer, Université Paris Cité, Sorbonne Université, Inserm U1138, Institut Universitaire de France, Paris, France
- Facultad de Ciencias de la Vida y la Naturaleza, Universidad Nebrija, Madrid, Spain
- Departamento de Bioquímica y Biología Molecular, Instituto Universitario de Oncología (IUOPA), Universidad de Oviedo
| | - Guido Kroemer
- Centre de Recherche des Cordeliers, Equipe labellisée par la Ligue contre le cancer, Université Paris Cité, Sorbonne Université, Inserm U1138, Institut Universitaire de France, Paris, France
- Metabolomics and Cell Biology Platforms, Institut Gustave Roussy, Villejuif, France
- Institut du Cancer Paris CARPEM, Department of Biology, Hôpital Européen Georges Pompidou, AP-HP, Paris, France
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Calabrese EJ, Nascarella M, Pressman P, Hayes AW, Dhawan G, Kapoor R, Calabrese V, Agathokleous E. Hormesis determines lifespan. Ageing Res Rev 2024; 94:102181. [PMID: 38182079 DOI: 10.1016/j.arr.2023.102181] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/05/2023] [Revised: 12/27/2023] [Accepted: 12/30/2023] [Indexed: 01/07/2024]
Abstract
This paper addresses how long lifespan can be extended via multiple interventions, such as dietary supplements [e.g., curcumin, resveratrol, sulforaphane, complex phytochemical mixtures (e.g., Moringa, Rhodiola)], pharmaceutical agents (e.g., metformin), caloric restriction, intermittent fasting, exercise and other activities. This evaluation was framed within the context of hormesis, a biphasic dose response with specific quantitative features describing the limits of biological/phenotypic plasticity for integrative biological endpoints (e.g., cell proliferation, memory, fecundity, growth, tissue repair, stem cell population expansion/differentiation, longevity). Evaluation of several hundred lifespan extending agents using yeast, nematode (Caenorhabditis elegans), multiple insect and other invertebrate and vertebrate models (e.g., fish, rodents), revealed they responded in a manner [average (mean/median) and maximum lifespans] consistent with the quantitative features [i.e., 30-60% greater at maximum (Hormesis Rule)] of the hormetic dose response. These lifespan extension features were independent of biological model, inducing agent, endpoints measured and mechanism. These findings indicate that hormesis describes the capacity to extend life via numerous agents and activities and that the magnitude of lifespan extension is modest, in the percentage, not fold, range. These findings have important implications for human aging, genetic diseases/environmental stresses and lifespan extension, as well as public health practices and long-term societal resource planning.
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Affiliation(s)
- Edward J Calabrese
- School of Public Health and Health Sciences; University of Massachusetts, Morrill I - Room N344, Amherst, MA 01003, USA.
| | - Marc Nascarella
- Mass College of Pharmacy and Health Sciences University; School of Arts and Sciences, 179 Longwood Avenue, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Peter Pressman
- University of Maine, 5728 Fernald Hall, Room 201, Orono, ME 04469, USA
| | - A Wallace Hayes
- Center for Environmental Occupational Risk Analysis and Management; College of Public Health; University of South Florida, Tampa, FL, USA
| | - Gaurav Dhawan
- Sri Guru Ram Das (SGRD) University of Health Sciences, Amritsar, India
| | - Rachna Kapoor
- Saint Francis Hospital and Medical Center, Hartford, CT, USA
| | - Vittorio Calabrese
- Department of Biomedical and Biotechnological Sciences, School of Medicine University of Catania, Via Santa Sofia 97, Catania 95123, Italy
| | - Evgenios Agathokleous
- School of Ecology and Applied Meteorology; Nanjing University of Information Science & Technology; Nanjing 210044, China
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Calabrese E, Hayes AW, Pressman P, Kapoor R, Dhawan G, Calabrese V, Agathokleous E. Polyamines and hormesis: Making sense of a dose response dichotomy. Chem Biol Interact 2023; 386:110748. [PMID: 37816449 DOI: 10.1016/j.cbi.2023.110748] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/04/2023] [Revised: 09/08/2023] [Accepted: 09/22/2023] [Indexed: 10/12/2023]
Abstract
The diverse biological effects of polyamines (putrescine, spermidine and spermine) were reviewed in the context of hormesis in an integrative manner for the first time. The findings illustrate that each of these polyamines commonly induces hormetic dose responses in a wide range of biological models and types of cells for multiple endpoints in numerous plant species and animal models. Plant research emphasized preconditioning experimental studies in which the respective polyamines conferred some protection against the damaging effects of a broad range of environmental stressors such as drought, salinity, cold/heat, heavy metals and UV-damage in an hormetic manner. Polyamine-based animal hormesis studies emphasized biomedical endpoints such as longevity and neuroprotection. These findings have important biological and biomedical implications and should guide experimental designs of low dose investigations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Edward Calabrese
- Department of Environmental Health Sciences, Morrill I, N344, University of Massachusetts, Amherst, MA, 01003, USA.
| | - A Wallace Hayes
- Center for Environmental Occupational Risk Analysis and Management, College of Public Health, University of South Florida, Tampa, FL, USA.
| | - Peter Pressman
- University of Maine, 5728 Fernald Hall, Room 201, Orono, ME, 04469, USA.
| | - Rachna Kapoor
- Saint Francis Hospital and Medical Center, Hartford, CT, USA.
| | | | - Vittorio Calabrese
- Department of Biomedical and Biotechnological Sciences, School of Medicine University of Catania, Via Santa Sofia 97, Catania, 95123, Italy.
| | - Evgenios Agathokleous
- School of Applied Meteorology, Nanjing University of Information Science & Technology, Nanjing, 210044, China.
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Mastella MH, Roggia I, Turra BO, de Afonso Bonotto NC, Teixeira CF, Pulcinelli DLF, Meira GM, Azzolin VF, de Morais-Pinto L, Barbisan F, da Cruz IBM. The Protective Effect of Lithium Against Rotenone may be Evolutionarily Conserved: Evidence from Eisenia fetida, a Primitive Animal with a Ganglionic Brain. Neurochem Res 2023; 48:3538-3559. [PMID: 37526866 DOI: 10.1007/s11064-023-04001-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/20/2023] [Revised: 07/20/2023] [Accepted: 07/21/2023] [Indexed: 08/02/2023]
Abstract
Chronic exposure to stress is a non-adaptive situation that is associated with mitochondrial dysfunction and the accumulation of reactive oxygen species (ROS), especially superoxide anion (SA). This accumulation of ROS produces damage-associated molecular patterns (DAMPs), which activate chronic inflammatory states and behavioral changes found in several mood disorders. In a previous study, we observed that an imbalance of SA triggered by rotenone (Ro) exposure caused evolutionarily conserved oxi-inflammatory disturbances and behavioral changes in Eisenia fetida earthworms. These results supported our hypothesis that SA imbalance triggered by Ro exposure could be attenuated by lithium carbonate (LC), which has anti-inflammatory properties. The initial protocol exposed earthworms to Ro (30 nM) and four different LC concentrations. LC at a concentration of 12.85 mg/L decreased SA and nitric oxide (NO) levels and was chosen to perform complementary assays: (1) neuromuscular damage evaluated by optical and scanning electron microscopy (SEM), (2) innate immune inefficiency by analysis of Eisenia spp. extracellular neutrophil traps (eNETs), and (3) behavioral changes. Gene expression was also evaluated involving mitochondrial (COII, ND1), inflammatory (EaTLR, AMP), and neuronal transmission (nAchR α5). LC attenuated the high melanized deposits in the circular musculature, fiber disarrangement, destruction of secretory glands, immune inefficiency, and impulsive behavior pattern triggered by Ro exposure. However, the effects of LC and Ro on gene expression were more heterogeneous. In summary, SA imbalance, potentially associated with mitochondrial dysfunction, appears to be an evolutionary component triggering oxidative, inflammatory, and behavioral changes observed in psychiatric disorders that are inhibited by LC exposure.
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Affiliation(s)
- Moisés Henrique Mastella
- Graduate Program of Pharmacology, Health Sciences Center, Federal University of Santa Maria, Santa Maria, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil.
- Biogenomics Lab, Health Sciences Center, Federal University of Santa Maria, Santa Maria, Rio Grande do Sul, Av. Roraima 1000, Building 19, 97105-900, Brazil.
| | - Isabel Roggia
- Biogenomics Lab, Health Sciences Center, Federal University of Santa Maria, Santa Maria, Rio Grande do Sul, Av. Roraima 1000, Building 19, 97105-900, Brazil
| | - Bárbara Osmarin Turra
- Graduate Program of Pharmacology, Health Sciences Center, Federal University of Santa Maria, Santa Maria, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil
- Biogenomics Lab, Health Sciences Center, Federal University of Santa Maria, Santa Maria, Rio Grande do Sul, Av. Roraima 1000, Building 19, 97105-900, Brazil
| | - Nathália Cardoso de Afonso Bonotto
- Graduate Program of Pharmacology, Health Sciences Center, Federal University of Santa Maria, Santa Maria, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil
- Biogenomics Lab, Health Sciences Center, Federal University of Santa Maria, Santa Maria, Rio Grande do Sul, Av. Roraima 1000, Building 19, 97105-900, Brazil
| | - Cibele Ferreira Teixeira
- Graduate Program of Pharmacology, Health Sciences Center, Federal University of Santa Maria, Santa Maria, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil
- Biogenomics Lab, Health Sciences Center, Federal University of Santa Maria, Santa Maria, Rio Grande do Sul, Av. Roraima 1000, Building 19, 97105-900, Brazil
| | - Débora Luisa Filipetto Pulcinelli
- Biogenomics Lab, Health Sciences Center, Federal University of Santa Maria, Santa Maria, Rio Grande do Sul, Av. Roraima 1000, Building 19, 97105-900, Brazil
| | - Graziela Moro Meira
- Biogenomics Lab, Health Sciences Center, Federal University of Santa Maria, Santa Maria, Rio Grande do Sul, Av. Roraima 1000, Building 19, 97105-900, Brazil
| | - Verônica Farina Azzolin
- Center for Research, Teaching and Technological Development (Gerontec/FUnATI), Manaus, Amazonas, Brazil
- Graduate Program of Gerontology, Center for Physical Education and Sports, Federal University of Santa Maria, Santa Maria, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil
| | - Luciano de Morais-Pinto
- Anatomical Design Laboratory, Morphology Department, Federal University of Santa Maria, Santa Maria, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil
| | - Fernanda Barbisan
- Graduate Program of Pharmacology, Health Sciences Center, Federal University of Santa Maria, Santa Maria, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil
- Biogenomics Lab, Health Sciences Center, Federal University of Santa Maria, Santa Maria, Rio Grande do Sul, Av. Roraima 1000, Building 19, 97105-900, Brazil
- Graduate Program of Gerontology, Center for Physical Education and Sports, Federal University of Santa Maria, Santa Maria, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil
| | - Ivana Beatrice Mânica da Cruz
- Graduate Program of Pharmacology, Health Sciences Center, Federal University of Santa Maria, Santa Maria, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil
- Biogenomics Lab, Health Sciences Center, Federal University of Santa Maria, Santa Maria, Rio Grande do Sul, Av. Roraima 1000, Building 19, 97105-900, Brazil
- Graduate Program of Gerontology, Center for Physical Education and Sports, Federal University of Santa Maria, Santa Maria, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil
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Calabrese EJ, Pressman P, Hayes AW, Dhawan G, Kapoor R, Agathokleous E, Manes P, Calabrese V. Naringin commonly acts via hormesis. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2023; 896:164728. [PMID: 37295528 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2023.164728] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/09/2023] [Revised: 06/05/2023] [Accepted: 06/05/2023] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
The present paper provides the first integrative assessment of the capacity of naringin and its metabolite, naringenin, to induce hormetic dose responses within a broad range of experimental biomedical models. The findings indicate that these agents commonly induced protective effects that are typically mediated via hormetic mechanisms leading to biphasic dose-response relationships. The maximum protective effects are generally modest, 30-60 % greater than control group values. The range of experimental findings with these agents has been reported for models with various neurodegenerative diseases, nucleus pulpous cells (NPCs) located within intravertebral discs, several types of stem cells (i.e., bone marrow, amniotic fluid, periodontal, endothelial) as well as cardiac cells. These agents also were effective within preconditioning protocols protecting against environmental toxins such as ultraviolet radiation (UV), cadmium, and paraquat. The mechanism(s) by which the hormetic responses mediates these biphasic dose responses is complex but commonly involves the activation of nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor (Nrf2), an increasingly recognized regulator of cellular resistance to oxidants. Nrf2 appears to play a role in controlling the basal and induced expression of an array of antioxidant response element-dependent genes to regulate oxidant exposure's physiological and pathophysiological outcomes. Hence its importance in the assessment of toxicologic and adaptive potential is likely to be significant.
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Affiliation(s)
- Edward J Calabrese
- Department of Environmental Health Sciences, Morrill I, N344, University of Massachusetts, Amherst, MA 01003, USA.
| | - Peter Pressman
- University of Maine, 5728 Fernald Hall, Room 201, Orono, ME 04469, USA.
| | - A Wallace Hayes
- Center for Environmental Occupational Risk Analysis and Management, College of Public Health, University of South Florida, Tampa, FL, USA
| | | | - Rachna Kapoor
- Saint Francis Hospital and Medical Center, Hartford, CT, USA
| | - Evgenios Agathokleous
- Department of Ecology, School of Applied Meteorology, Nanjing University of Information Science & Technology, Nanjing 210044, China.
| | | | - Vittorio Calabrese
- Department of Biomedical and Biotechnological Sciences, School of Medicine University of Catania, Via Santa Sofia 97, Catania 95123, Italy.
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