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Daly E, Defourneaux M, Legrand C, Renault D. The consequences of heatwaves for the reproductive success and physiology of the wingless sub-Antarctic fly Anatalanta aptera. J Therm Biol 2024; 123:103910. [PMID: 38981304 DOI: 10.1016/j.jtherbio.2024.103910] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/26/2023] [Revised: 06/17/2024] [Accepted: 06/25/2024] [Indexed: 07/11/2024]
Abstract
Sub-lethal effects of warming temperatures are an important, yet sometimes overlooked impact of climate change that may threaten the long-term survival of numerous species. This, like many other effects of climate change, is especially concerning for cold-adapted ectotherms living in rapidly warming polar regions. This study examines the effects of warmer temperatures on cold-adapted Diptera, using the long-lived sub-Antarctic sphaerocerid fly, Anatalanta aptera, as a focal species. We conducted two experiments to assess heat stress in adult flies, one varying the intensity of the heat stress (daily heating from 4 °C to 8 °C, 20 °C, or 24 °C) and one varying the frequency of heat stress exposure (heating from 4 °C to 12 °C every one, two, or three days) and examined consequences for reproductive success and metabolic responses. We found that more heat stress reduced reproductive output, but not timing of reproduction. Surprisingly, individuals sampled at different times during heat stress exposure were undifferentiable when all metabolite concentrations were analysed with redundancy analysis, however some individual metabolites did exhibit significant differences. Overall, our findings suggest that warmer temperatures in the sub-Antarctic may put this species at greater risk, especially when combined with other concurrent threats from biological invasions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ella Daly
- UMR CNRS 6553 ECOBIO [(Ecosystèmes, Biodiversité, évolution)], Université Rennes, Avenue du Général Leclerc, 35042, Rennes Cedex, France
| | - Mathilde Defourneaux
- UMR CNRS 6553 ECOBIO [(Ecosystèmes, Biodiversité, évolution)], Université Rennes, Avenue du Général Leclerc, 35042, Rennes Cedex, France
| | - Camille Legrand
- UMR CNRS 6553 ECOBIO [(Ecosystèmes, Biodiversité, évolution)], Université Rennes, Avenue du Général Leclerc, 35042, Rennes Cedex, France
| | - David Renault
- UMR CNRS 6553 ECOBIO [(Ecosystèmes, Biodiversité, évolution)], Université Rennes, Avenue du Général Leclerc, 35042, Rennes Cedex, France.
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2
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Li W, Bashir NH, Naeem M, Tian R, Tian X, Chen H. Age-Stage, Two-Sex Life Table of Atractomorpha lata (Orthoptera: Pyrgomorphidae) at Different Temperatures. INSECTS 2024; 15:493. [PMID: 39057226 PMCID: PMC11277524 DOI: 10.3390/insects15070493] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/02/2024] [Revised: 06/27/2024] [Accepted: 06/29/2024] [Indexed: 07/28/2024]
Abstract
Atractomorpha lata Motschoulsky (Orthoptera: Pyrgomorphidae) has recently emerged as an important agricultural pest in China. Understanding the impact of temperature on its developmental period is crucial for predicting its population dynamics. This study systematically observed the biological characteristics of A. lata at five temperatures (16, 20, 24, 28, and 32 °C) using the age-stage, two-sex life table method. The effects of temperature on the developmental period, survival rate, and fecundity of A. lata were studied using fresh bean leaves as host. The results demonstrated that as temperature increased from 16 °C to 32 °C, the developmental period, preadult time, adult longevity, adult preoviposition period (APOP), and total preoviposition period (TPOP) significantly decreased. The developmental threshold temperatures for various stages were calculated, ranging from 10.47 °C to 13.01 °C, using the linear optimal method. As temperature increased, both the intrinsic rate of increase (r) and the finite rate of increase (λ) also increased, while the mean generation time (T) decreased. The optimal values of the net reproductive rate (R0 = 54.26 offspring), gross reproductive rate (GRR = 185.53 ± 16.94 offspring), and fecundity (169.56 ± 9.93 eggs) were observed at 24 °C. Similarly, the population trend index (I) for A. lata peaked at 24 °C (61.64). Our findings indicate that A. lata exhibits its highest population growth rate at 24 °C, providing a scientific basis for predicting its population dynamics in the field.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenbo Li
- College of Biological Resource and Food Engineering, Qujing Normal University, Qujing 655011, China; (W.L.); (N.H.B.); (M.N.)
| | - Nawaz Haider Bashir
- College of Biological Resource and Food Engineering, Qujing Normal University, Qujing 655011, China; (W.L.); (N.H.B.); (M.N.)
| | - Muhammad Naeem
- College of Biological Resource and Food Engineering, Qujing Normal University, Qujing 655011, China; (W.L.); (N.H.B.); (M.N.)
| | - Ruilin Tian
- Key Laboratory of Biodiversity Conservationand Sustainable Utilization for College and University of Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region, College of Life Science and Technology, Inner Mongolia Normal University, Hohhot 010022, China
| | - Xinyue Tian
- School of Grassland Science, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing 100091, China;
| | - Huanhuan Chen
- College of Biological Resource and Food Engineering, Qujing Normal University, Qujing 655011, China; (W.L.); (N.H.B.); (M.N.)
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3
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Abdelhafiz I, Gerth S, Claussen J, Weule M, Hufnagel E, Vilcinskas A, Lee KZ. Radioactivity and GMO-Free Sterile Insect Technology for the Sustainable Control of the Invasive Pest Drosophila suzukii. Adv Biol (Weinh) 2024; 8:e2400100. [PMID: 38797923 DOI: 10.1002/adbi.202400100] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2024] [Revised: 04/16/2024] [Indexed: 05/29/2024]
Abstract
Drosophila suzukii (D. suzukii), commonly known as the spotted wing drosophila, is a highly invasive crop pest that is difficult to control using chemical insecticides. To address the urgent need for alternative and more sustainable control strategies, the sterile insect technique (SIT) is improved, which involves the release of sterilized male insects to mate with fertile conspecifics, thereby reducing the size of the pest population in the subsequent generation. The three critical aspects that influence the success of SIT programs in D. suzukii are addressed. First, an accurate and nondestructive method is established to determine the sex of individual insects based on the differential weight of male and female pupae. Second, conditions for X-ray sterilization are systematically tested and an optimal dose (90 kV/40 Gy) is identified that ensures the efficient production of sterile D. suzukii for release. Finally, the inherent thermosensitivity of D. suzukii males is exploited to develop a temperature-based sterilization technique, offering an alternative or additional SIT method for this pest. These advances will contribute to the development of a comprehensive and effective strategy for the management of D. suzukii populations, reducing their impact on agriculture and helping to safeguard crop yields.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ibrahim Abdelhafiz
- Fraunhofer Institute for Molecular Biology and Applied Ecology, Ohlebergsweg 12, D-35394, Giessen, Germany
| | - Stefan Gerth
- Fraunhofer Institute for Integrated Circuits, Flugplatzstrasse 75, D-90768, Fuerth, Germany
| | - Joelle Claussen
- Fraunhofer Institute for Integrated Circuits, Flugplatzstrasse 75, D-90768, Fuerth, Germany
| | - Mareike Weule
- Fraunhofer Institute for Integrated Circuits, Flugplatzstrasse 75, D-90768, Fuerth, Germany
| | - Eva Hufnagel
- Fraunhofer Institute for Integrated Circuits, Flugplatzstrasse 75, D-90768, Fuerth, Germany
| | - Andreas Vilcinskas
- Fraunhofer Institute for Molecular Biology and Applied Ecology, Ohlebergsweg 12, D-35394, Giessen, Germany
- Institute for Insect Biotechnology, Justus Liebig University of Giessen, Heinrich-Buff-Ring 26, D-35392, Giessen, Germany
| | - Kwang-Zin Lee
- Fraunhofer Institute for Molecular Biology and Applied Ecology, Ohlebergsweg 12, D-35394, Giessen, Germany
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4
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Rivera-Rincón N, Altindag UH, Amin R, Graze RM, Appel AG, Stevison LS. "A comparison of thermal stress response between Drosophila melanogaster and Drosophila pseudoobscura reveals differences between species and sexes". JOURNAL OF INSECT PHYSIOLOGY 2024; 153:104616. [PMID: 38278288 PMCID: PMC11048572 DOI: 10.1016/j.jinsphys.2024.104616] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/07/2023] [Revised: 01/12/2024] [Accepted: 01/15/2024] [Indexed: 01/28/2024]
Abstract
The environment is changing faster than anticipated due to climate change, making species more vulnerable to its impacts. The level of vulnerability of species is influenced by factors such as the degree and duration of exposure, as well as the physiological sensitivity of organisms to changes in their environments, which has been shown to vary among species, populations, and individuals. Here, we compared physiological changes in fecundity, critical thermalmaximum (CTmax), respiratory quotient (RQ), and DNA damage in ovaries in response to temperature stress in two species of fruit fly, Drosophila melanogaster (25 vs. 29.5 °C) and Drosophila pseudoobscura (20.5 vs. 25 °C). The fecundity of D. melanogaster was more affected by high temperatures when exposed during egg through adult development, while D. pseudoobscura was most significantly affected when exposed to high temperatures exclusively during egg through pupal development. Additionally, D. melanogaster males exhibited a decrease of CTmax under high temperatures, while females showed an increase of CTmax when exposed to high temperatures during egg through adult development. while D. pseudoobscura females and males showed an increased CTmax only when reared at high temperatures during egg through pupae development. Moreover, both species showed an acceleration in oogenesis and an increase in apoptosis due to heat stress. These changes can likely be attributed to key differences in the geographic range, thermal range, development time, and other different factors between these two systems. Through this comparison of variation in physiology and developmental response to thermal stress, we found important differences between species and sexes that suggest future work needs to account for these factors separately in understanding the effects of constant increased temperatures.
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Affiliation(s)
- N Rivera-Rincón
- Department of Biological Sciences, Auburn University, Auburn, AL USA
| | - U H Altindag
- Department of Biological Sciences, Auburn University, Auburn, AL USA
| | - R Amin
- Department of Biological Sciences, Auburn University, Auburn, AL USA
| | - R M Graze
- Department of Biological Sciences, Auburn University, Auburn, AL USA
| | - A G Appel
- Department of Biological Sciences, Auburn University, Auburn, AL USA
| | - L S Stevison
- Department of Biological Sciences, Auburn University, Auburn, AL USA.
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Dettler MA, Barrientos GN, Ansa MA, Martínez E, Vazquez FA, Santadino MV, Coviella CE, Riquelme Virgala MB. A Performance Index as a Measure of the Host Suitability to Drosophila suzukii Matsumura (Diptera: Drosophilidae). NEOTROPICAL ENTOMOLOGY 2024; 53:29-37. [PMID: 37831358 DOI: 10.1007/s13744-023-01090-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/24/2023] [Accepted: 09/29/2023] [Indexed: 10/14/2023]
Abstract
Drosophila suzukii Matsumura, known as spotted wing drosophila (SWD), is an Asiatic invasive fruit pest that has spread over the world in the last 15 years, due to its high reproductive rate, its tolerance to different environmental conditions, the international fruit trade, and its wide range of host plants. In Buenos Aires, Argentina, blueberry is a major susceptible crop, although other cultivated and non-cultivated fruit species are frequent. The aim of this study was to evaluate the host suitability of commercial and non-cultivated fruit species (blueberries, plums, mulberries, and cherries) at two stages of maturity by estimating an index that takes into account biological and biometric parameters. The development and survival of SWD cohorts reared on different fruits were followed from egg to adult emergence. Then, adults were sexed and some biometric traits were measured. The indices: Wing loading, Wing aspect, and the Relative Performance Index (RPI) were estimated. The shortest developmental time and the maximum egg to adult survival were observed in the specimens developed in mulberry, in both stages of maturity. Only the length of the thorax showed significant differences between treatments in both sexes, and the largest adults were those reared in the ripe mulberries. The RPI, which relates performance and biometric variables, was the best index to evaluate the host suitability of SWD. So, it could be used as an indicator of the nutritional quality of fruits available in a region and to evaluate the importance of alternative hosts in the population dynamic of SWD.
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Affiliation(s)
- María Antonela Dettler
- Departamento de Tecnología, Universidad Nacional de Luján, Luján, Buenos Aires, Argentina.
- Grupo de Investigación de Bioecología de Artrópodos de Importancia Agrícola, Departamento de Tecnología, Universidad Nacional de Luján, Luján, Buenos Aires, Argentina.
| | - Gualterio Nicolas Barrientos
- Departamento de Tecnología, Universidad Nacional de Luján, Luján, Buenos Aires, Argentina
- Grupo de Investigación de Bioecología de Artrópodos de Importancia Agrícola, Departamento de Tecnología, Universidad Nacional de Luján, Luján, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - María Agustina Ansa
- Departamento de Tecnología, Universidad Nacional de Luján, Luján, Buenos Aires, Argentina
- Grupo de Investigación de Bioecología de Artrópodos de Importancia Agrícola, Departamento de Tecnología, Universidad Nacional de Luján, Luján, Buenos Aires, Argentina
- Instituto de Ecología y Desarrollo Sustentable (UNLu-CONICET), Luján, Buenos Aires, Argentina
- Facultad de Agronomía, Universidad Nacional de Buenos Aires (FAUBA), Ciudad Autónoma de Buenos Aires, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Emilia Martínez
- Departamento de Tecnología, Universidad Nacional de Luján, Luján, Buenos Aires, Argentina
- Grupo de Investigación de Bioecología de Artrópodos de Importancia Agrícola, Departamento de Tecnología, Universidad Nacional de Luján, Luján, Buenos Aires, Argentina
- Instituto de Ecología y Desarrollo Sustentable (UNLu-CONICET), Luján, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Florencia Anabella Vazquez
- Departamento de Tecnología, Universidad Nacional de Luján, Luján, Buenos Aires, Argentina
- Grupo de Investigación de Bioecología de Artrópodos de Importancia Agrícola, Departamento de Tecnología, Universidad Nacional de Luján, Luján, Buenos Aires, Argentina
- Insectario de Investigaciones en Lucha Biológica (IMYZA-INTA), Castelar, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Marina Vilma Santadino
- Departamento de Tecnología, Universidad Nacional de Luján, Luján, Buenos Aires, Argentina
- Grupo de Investigación de Bioecología de Artrópodos de Importancia Agrícola, Departamento de Tecnología, Universidad Nacional de Luján, Luján, Buenos Aires, Argentina
- Instituto de Ecología y Desarrollo Sustentable (UNLu-CONICET), Luján, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Carlos Eduardo Coviella
- Grupo de Investigación de Bioecología de Artrópodos de Importancia Agrícola, Departamento de Tecnología, Universidad Nacional de Luján, Luján, Buenos Aires, Argentina
- Instituto de Ecología y Desarrollo Sustentable (UNLu-CONICET), Luján, Buenos Aires, Argentina
- Departamento de Ciencias Básicas, Universidad Nacional de Luján, Luján, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - María Begoña Riquelme Virgala
- Departamento de Tecnología, Universidad Nacional de Luján, Luján, Buenos Aires, Argentina
- Grupo de Investigación de Bioecología de Artrópodos de Importancia Agrícola, Departamento de Tecnología, Universidad Nacional de Luján, Luján, Buenos Aires, Argentina
- Instituto de Ecología y Desarrollo Sustentable (UNLu-CONICET), Luján, Buenos Aires, Argentina
- Facultad de Agronomía, Universidad Nacional de Buenos Aires (FAUBA), Ciudad Autónoma de Buenos Aires, Buenos Aires, Argentina
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6
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Faria FS, Areal M, Bitner-Mathé BC. Thermal Stress and Adult Fitness in a Drosophila suzukii Neotropical Propagule. NEOTROPICAL ENTOMOLOGY 2023; 52:993-1004. [PMID: 37702970 DOI: 10.1007/s13744-023-01075-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/09/2023] [Accepted: 07/24/2023] [Indexed: 09/14/2023]
Abstract
Drosophila suzukii (Matsumura 1931) is a cosmopolitan horticultural pest originally from temperate East Asia; yet, its recent introduction in southeast and central Brazil raises the possibility it might expand into warmer climatic zones. In theoretical terms, the adaptive potential of invasive species can be impaired by the lack of genetic variation, but, on the other hand, phenotypic plasticity might play an important role in the adaptation to the new environment. In this context, we investigated the effects of temperature variation (18°C, 22°C, and 28°C) on fitness traits and size of male reproductive organs (accessory glands and testis) in a natural D. suzukii population recently introduced in the neotropical region. Development time decreased significantly with increasing temperature, but egg-to-adult survival was not affected, attaining rates around 50% for the three temperatures. Development at 28°C affected differentially adult male and female biological performance: males displayed higher mortality and severe and permanent reduction in offspring production, whereas females showed the same mortality as controls and a temporary decrease in offspring production, followed of a clear recovery. Finally, reproductive organs size in immature and mature males was affected by developmental temperature variation in the following ways. Testis length decreased with body size (i.e., at higher temperatures) and increased with maturation time after adult hatching, whereas for accessory glands there was no significant difference between different temperatures, resulting in proportionally larger glands for smaller body sizes. These results show differences in developmental dynamics of reproductive tract structures due to temperature variation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Flavio Silva Faria
- Departamento de Genética, Instituto de Biologia, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Mariana Areal
- Departamento de Genética, Instituto de Biologia, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
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Moen C, Johnson JC, Hackney Price J. Ecdysteroid responses to urban heat island conditions during development of the western black widow spider (Latrodectus hesperus). PLoS One 2022; 17:e0267398. [PMID: 35482802 PMCID: PMC9049550 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0267398] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/11/2021] [Accepted: 04/07/2022] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
The steroid hormone 20-hydroxyecdysone (20E) controls molting in arthropods. The timing of 20E production, and subsequent developmental transitions, is influenced by a variety of environmental factors including nutrition, photoperiod, and temperature, which is particularly relevant in the face of climate change. Environmental changes, combined with rapid urbanization, and the increasing prevalence of urban heat islands (UHI) have contributed to an overall decrease in biodiversity making it critical to understand how organisms respond to elevating global temperatures. Some arthropods, such as the Western black widow spider, Latrodectus hesperus, appear to thrive under UHI conditions, but the physiological mechanism underlying their success has not been explored. Here we examine the relationship between hemolymph 20E titers and spiderling development under non-urban desert (27°C), intermediate (30°C), and urban (33°C) temperatures. We found that a presumptive molt-inducing 20E peak observed in spiders at non-urban desert temperatures was reduced and delayed at higher temperatures. Intermolt 20E titers were also significantly altered in spiders reared under UHI temperatures. Despite the apparent success of black widows in urban environments, we noted that, coincident with the effects on 20E, there were numerous negative effects of elevated temperatures on spiderling development. The differential effects of temperature on pre-molt and intermolt 20E titers suggest distinct hormonal mechanisms underlying the physiological, developmental, and behavioral response to heat, allowing spiders to better cope with urban environments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Claire Moen
- School of Math & Natural Sciences, Arizona State University—West Campus, Glendale, AZ, United States of America
| | - J. Chadwick Johnson
- School of Math & Natural Sciences, Arizona State University—West Campus, Glendale, AZ, United States of America
| | - Jennifer Hackney Price
- School of Math & Natural Sciences, Arizona State University—West Campus, Glendale, AZ, United States of America
- * E-mail:
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8
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Li F, Yamamoto A, Belikoff EJ, Berger A, Griffith EH, Scott MJ. A conditional female lethal system for genetic suppression of the global fruit crop pest Drosophila suzukii. PEST MANAGEMENT SCIENCE 2021; 77:4915-4922. [PMID: 34169646 DOI: 10.1002/ps.6530] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/10/2021] [Accepted: 06/24/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Drosophila suzukii (Matsumura, 1931, Diptera: Drosophilidae) is a global pest of soft-skinned fruits such as blueberries, cherries and raspberries. Also known as spotted-wing drosophila, D. suzukii is native to Asia but is now widely distributed in the Americas and Europe, and presents a serious challenge for growers. Genetic control strategies offer an environmentally friendly approach for the control of D. suzukii. RESULTS In this study, we developed transgenic strains of D. suzukii that carry dominant conditional female lethal transgenes. When raised in the absence of tetracycline, female D. suzukii die. We show that repeated releases of an excess of transgenic males can suppress D. suzukii populations in laboratory cage trials. CONCLUSION Our data suggest that the transgenic strain could provide an effective approach for control of this invasive pest of soft-skinned fruits.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fang Li
- Department of Entomology and Plant Pathology, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC, USA
| | - Akihiko Yamamoto
- Department of Entomology and Plant Pathology, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC, USA
| | - Esther J Belikoff
- Department of Entomology and Plant Pathology, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC, USA
| | - Amy Berger
- Department of Entomology and Plant Pathology, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC, USA
| | - Emily H Griffith
- Department of Statistics, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC, USA
| | - Maxwell J Scott
- Department of Entomology and Plant Pathology, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC, USA
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Little CM, Chapman TW, Hillier NK. Plasticity Is Key to Success of Drosophila suzukii (Diptera: Drosophilidae) Invasion. JOURNAL OF INSECT SCIENCE (ONLINE) 2020; 20:5837529. [PMID: 32417920 PMCID: PMC7230767 DOI: 10.1093/jisesa/ieaa034] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/02/2020] [Indexed: 05/03/2023]
Abstract
After its initial discovery in California in 2008, Drosophila suzukii Matsumura has become one of the most important invasive agricultural pest insects across climate zones in much of Asia, Europe, North America, and South America. Populations of D. suzukii have demonstrated notable behavioral and physiological plasticity, adapting to diverse environmental and climatic conditions, interspecific competition, novel food sources, and potential predators. This adaptability and plasticity have enabled rapid range expansion and diversified niche use by D. suzukii, making it a species particularly suited to changing habitats and conditions. This article reviews factors and evidence that influence plasticity in D. suzukii and promotes this species' invasiveness.
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Affiliation(s)
- Catherine M Little
- Department of Biology, Acadia University, Wolfville, NS, Canada
- Department of Biology, Memorial University of Newfoundland and Labrador, St. John’s, NL, Canada
- Corresponding author, e-mail:
| | - Thomas W Chapman
- Department of Biology, Memorial University of Newfoundland and Labrador, St. John’s, NL, Canada
| | - N Kirk Hillier
- Department of Biology, Acadia University, Wolfville, NS, Canada
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10
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Kirk Green C, Moore PJ, Sial AA. Impact of heat stress on development and fertility of Drosophila suzukii Matsumura (Diptera: Drosophilidae). JOURNAL OF INSECT PHYSIOLOGY 2019; 114:45-52. [PMID: 30796949 DOI: 10.1016/j.jinsphys.2019.02.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/16/2018] [Revised: 02/17/2019] [Accepted: 02/19/2019] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
Drosophila suzukii is a globally invasive fruit pest that costs millions in yield losses and increased pest management costs. Management practices for D. suzukii currently rely heavily on calendar-based applications of broad-spectrum insecticides, but decision-based applications are theoretically possible with refined population modeling and monitoring. Temperature conditions are strongly deterministic of insect growth rates, fecundity, fertility, and resulting population densities. Therefore, information about the effects of temperature can be incorporated into population modeling to accurately predict D. suzukii population densities in the field which is crucial to maximize pesticide application efficiency and improve sustainability. Here, we investigated the effects of chronic heat stress during all of juvenile development on egg-to-adult viability and fertility. We also investigated egg-to-adult viability under heat stress after heat shock of the maternal parent. We found that heat stress during development results in lower egg-to-adult viability, and reduced lifespan and fertility for surviving adults. However, heat-shock treatment of females prior to egg laying increased the egg-to-adult viability of their eggs under heat stress. Female flies that developed at 30 °C had smaller ovaries than the untreated group and male flies had less sperm in their testes, and no sperm in their seminal vesicles. We conclude that heat stress during development is likely to have negative effect on D. suzukii population dynamics in the field. However, the intensity of such negative impact will depend on the phenotypic state of their maternal parents.
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Affiliation(s)
- C Kirk Green
- Department of Entomology, College of Agricultural and Environmental Sciences, University of Georgia, 413 Biological Sciences, Athens, GA 30602-2603, USA
| | - Patricia J Moore
- Department of Entomology, College of Agricultural and Environmental Sciences, University of Georgia, 413 Biological Sciences, Athens, GA 30602-2603, USA
| | - Ashfaq A Sial
- Department of Entomology, College of Agricultural and Environmental Sciences, University of Georgia, 413 Biological Sciences, Athens, GA 30602-2603, USA.
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